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INDONESIA
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28082508     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Aims • The journal provides published articles devoted to all aspects of science in the field of biology and biotechnology advancement. Scopes • Biotechnology • Genetics • Microbiology • Botany • Zoology • Ecology • Environmental Biology • Molecular Biology
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 47 Documents
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Larvicidal Activity of 96% Ethanol Extract of Arabica Coffee Fruit Peel (Coffea arabica L.) on Mortality of Housefly Larvae (Musca domestica) Lenggar, Benta; Unida, Tazkiah; Putra, Ichsan Luqmana Indra
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v3i2.9870

Abstract

Houseflies (M. domestica) are vectors of disease in humans and animals, so vegetable insecticides are needed that can be used to control M. domestica populations, one of which is Arabica coffee fruit peel extract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving various concentrations of 96% ethanol extract of Arabica coffee fruit peel on the mortality of M. domestica larvae, as well as calculating the LC50 and LT50 values of M. domestica larval mortality. The research design was a completely randomized design (CRD) using 20 third instar larvae of M. domestica. The concentration variations of Arabica coffee fruit peel extract tested were 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 0% as control with 3 replicates using the feeding assay method. Larval mortality was observed for 48 hours (hour 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, and 48) post extract. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test and probit analysis of LC50 and LT50. The results showed a significance value >0.05, meaning that there was no significant difference in the mortality of third instar larvae of M. domestica between treatments. The LC50 value obtained was 0.01%. LT50 values at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% were 274.52 hours, 134.90 hours, 532.20 hours and 0 hours, respectively. The conclusion of this study is that 96% ethanol extract of Arabica coffee fruit peel has no effect on the mortality of M. domestica larvae, the concentration of Arabica coffee fruit peel extract that causes the fastest death of M. domestica larvae is 0.1%, and LT50 at extract concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% is 274.52 hours, 134.90 hours, and 532.20 hours, at 0% and 1% concentrations have no LT50 value.
Effectiveness of Calina Papaya Leaf Ethanol Extract on The Red Blood Profile of Wistar Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke setiawan, haris; Ariesti, Wiwin
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10062

Abstract

Cigarette smoke is a source of exogenous free radicals that can affect the blood. Calina Papaya leaves contain secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants. The purpose of the study was to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Calina Papaya leaves using DPPH method and to analyze the difference in red blood profile of wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke after administration of Calina Papaya Leaves Ethanol Extract (CPLEE). The research method used 24 wistar rats with oral administration of CPLEE for 23 days and exposure to cigarette smoke for 15 days. There are 4 treatments, namely rats not exposed to cigarette smoke and given distilled water (K), rats exposed to cigarette smoke (KN), rats given CPLEE 100 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P1) and rats given CPLEE 200 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P2). Parameters observed were red blood profile (erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW). Blood was collected through the orbital sinus and analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P<0.05). The results showed the IC50 value of the extract was 1,194.1 ppm while ascorbic acid was 22.92 ppm. The number of erythrocytes, MCV, MCH and RDW showed significant differences between groups with the highest treatment in P1. The conclusion shows that the antioxidant activity of CPLEE is very weak compared to ascorbic acid but the red blood profile (erythrocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) in treatment P1 is higher than other treatments.
Biogas: Strengthening Green Energy Infrastructure for a More Sustainable Future Mulyono, Yatin; Suranto, Suranto; Yamtinah, Sri; Sarwanto, Sarwanto; Jamil, Abdul
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10266

Abstract

Biogas has been available as a renewable energy source to accelerate national economic development. This research aimed to analyze the potential of renewable energy production development in Indonesia and present the application of potential waste processing into biogas. This study fills the knowledge gap through a critical review of the potential for developing renewable energy from animal waste in Indonesia, including biogas, power generation, transportation, and value-added chemicals. This study was conducted using a critical review of research articles and is supported by other related literature. The result of the study showed that Indonesia has great potential to develop biogas production due to its substrate availability, particularly from farm animal waste or other organic waste, even though its utilization has not been maximized. The data showed that primary energy consumption, especially in the industrial and transportation sectors, was dominated by fossil fuels and coal. The production of biogas technology development comprehensively included the processes and techniques of waste handling from biogas production. Most of the biogas application approaches were still in the early stage. Identifying opportunities, obstacles, policies, research, and development is still needed, particularly in this relatively new sector.
Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Turmeric Plants (Curcuma longa L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Irvanita, Deva Anggun; Rohmantin, Dita; Adz-Dzikir, Fatihatuljannah; Sari, Tri Puspita; Jinan, Rifa Fatma; Aji, Oktira Roka
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10276

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are fungi that live in a mutualistic relationship with their hosts. They can produce secondary metabolites that are similar to the host plant. Turmeric plants (Curcuma longa L) are highly valued for their medicinal properties and contain active compounds in their rhizomes that act as antibacterials. This study aimed to measure the inhibitory effect of endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes against the growth of two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The study involved isolating fungi, observing macroscopic and microscopic morphology, and testing the antibacterial activity of turmeric endophytic fungi against E. coli and S. aureus. A type of endophytic fungi was successfully isolated from the turmeric plant. The morphological characteristics of the endophytic fungi from turmeric plants include a white colour with a cotton-like texture, umbonate topography, radial lines, and concentric circles. In contrast, the microscopic characteristics include septate hyphae and conidia. Turmeric endophytic fungi were found to inhibit both pathogenic bacteria with inhibition zones of 19.25 mm (strong) against E. coli and 13.75 mm (strong) against S. aureus. In conclusion, this study successfully isolated endophytic fungi from turmeric plants that can inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. However, further identification of the strain and activity tests is necessary to determine the effectiveness of the bioactive compounds in inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
Breeding Place Preference of Aedes sp. at the Tsunami Area Banda Aceh City Agustina, Elita; Emil, Muhammad Farhan Putra
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10400

Abstract

The rebuilding of the post-tsunami community residential in Banda Aceh   has had an impact on the emergence of Aedes habitat. The Aedes choose a container to breed based on biotic and abiotic factors that support their survival. This study aimed to the identification of Aedes species, location and type positive containers Aedes larvae at the area tsunami Banda Aceh. Methods an observational study of a cross-sectional approach involved 100 houses. Data larvae were collected using the single larvae method. Observations of containers were carried out in natural and artificial containers, indoors and outdoors. Positive containers Aedes larvae were recorded for the type of container and location found. The result of the study found two species of Aedes, there were Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Larvae of Ae. aegypti was generally found in containers indoors (71%) and containers outdoors (29%). Larvae of Ae. albopictus were found in containers indoors (10%) and containers outdoors (90%). The types of positive breeding containers of Ae. aegypti found were bathtubs (71%), discarded tires (9%), plastic drums (5%), water tanks (5%), watering pots (5%) and flower pots (5%). The containers were observed found larvae of Ae. albopictus were the bucket (30%), plastic drum (20%), bathtub (10%), discarded tires (10%), pet drinking place (10%), mineral water jar (10%) and coconut shells (10%). Monitoring of containers indoors and outdoors that can hold water is important supports the eradication program breeding places of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.
Establishing Geographical Indicator of Fermented Cacao Beans Using Microbiome Fingerprinting Nugroho, Imam Bagus; Siregar, Abdul Rahman
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10775

Abstract

Geographical indication is an essential label for industrial products. Herein, we aimed to explore a method for establishing geographical indications based on microbial diversity data. We collected two groups of datasets available on the public server of the European Nucleotide Archive. These datasets contain 12 (twelve) NGS-generated reads (amplicon sequencing metagenomes) of fermented cacao beans from Brazil and Mexico. We extracted the microbiome profile using bioinformatic tools in the SHAMAN server. We analyzed further using Principal Component Analysis, Clustering (Ward’s Method of Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering), and UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) combined with KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor). We discovered differences in microbial diversity and unique taxa in the fermented cacao beans from Brazil and Mexico. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Liquorilactobacillus, Tatumella, Leuconostoc, Companilactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus, are unique genera in samples from Mexico, while Bacillus is a unique genus found in samples from Brazil.  We have demonstrated the separation of the microbiome profiles between fermented cacao beans from Brazil and Mexico using PCA, clustering analysis and UMAP-KNN. We have successfully developed the proof of concept in establishing geographical indicators based on microbial diversity data or microbiome profiles. In the future, we will extend this research to analyze samples from Indonesia and establish a microbial diversity database of Indonesian fermented cacao. This database is essential for the authentication assay of Indonesian fermented cacao and for developing fine cacao and specialty products.
In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Lipase Inhibition Properties of Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Flower Kombucha Aji, Oktira Roka; Putri, Anas Tasya; Handayani, Erisa Budi; Ihsani, Nisa
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i2.11271

Abstract

Kombucha, a traditional fermented beverage made from tea, sugar, and a kombucha culture, is known for its unique flavor, aroma, and health benefits. The fermentation process, typically lasting between 8 and 12 days, influences the beverage's physical and chemical properties. While traditionally brewed from tea, alternative substrates like rosella flowers (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) are also used. Rosella flowers, rich in vitamins and bioactive compounds, have demonstrated potential in combating obesity and exhibiting antioxidant properties. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical and biological characteristics of rosella flower kombucha, particularly its antioxidant and lipase inhibitor activities. The fermentation process led to significant biochemical changes, including a decrease in pH and reducing sugar content, an increase in microbial biomass, and a reduction in ascorbic acid content. The results revealed that rosella flower kombucha had a higher total phenol content and better DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to rosella flower infusion, indicating enhanced antioxidant potential. Additionally, rosella kombucha demonstrated more effective lipase inhibition, suggesting its potential benefits for weight management and metabolic health. These findings emphasize rosella kombucha's potential as a healthful functional beverage, recommending further research in these areas.
Formulation of Antibacterial Liquid Soap Based on Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) Extract with Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Technique Pratama, Nofran; Rahayu Purnomo Sari, Kurnia; Rahayu, Budi
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i2.12040

Abstract

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) exhibits antibacterial properties due to bioactive compounds like phenolics and flavonoids. These compounds were extracted using the UAE (Ultrasound Assisted Extraction) method, which is more efficient than conventional methods. This study aims to address antibacterial resistance by formulating an antibacterial liquid soap using butterfly pea flower extract as the active ingredient. Results showed the liquid soap demonstrated good antibacterial activity and physical stability; however, its pH exceeded skin safety standards. A favorability test involving 20 respondents indicated positive responses regarding texture, aroma, and skin-softening effects. In conclusion, liquid soap containing butterfly pea flower extract has potential as an effective antibacterial product but requires pH improvement to enhance safety.    
Effect of Particle Size and Extraction Time on Total Flavonoid Level of Artemisia vulgaris Ethanol Extract Kurniasih, Kholif Sholehah Indra; Arifah, Mitsalina Fildzah; Setiyawati, Eka Ayu; Rahmah, Syafira Atika; Widianingrum, Lucia; Kholifah, Eva
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i2.12045

Abstract

Background: Artemisia vulgaris, also referred to as Daun Baru Cina, is a herbaceous species within the Asteraceae family. Artemisia vulgaris is a traditional remedy for numerous ailments, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties due to its secondary metabolites, specifically flavonoids. The extraction method is essential for extracting the desired chemical from natural sources intended for therapeutic use. The extraction process is affected by several elements, including the particle size of simplicia powder and the duration of extraction. Objective: This study aims to test the effect of differences in particle size of powdered simplicia and extraction time of Artemisia vulgaris leaves on total flavonoid levels, using 70% ethanol solvent. Researchers used a quantitative approach using a descriptive research design. In this study, a qualitative test was carried out in the form of phytochemical screening followed by a quantitative test to determine the total flavonoid levels of Artemisia vulgaris leaves. Various particle sizes (40 mesh and 80 mesh) and extraction times (12 hours and 36 hours) were used in this study. Using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, the Total Flavonoid Level (TFC) of the ethanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris leaves was determined. Results: The TFC value obtained for the optimal particle size was 40 mesh, with an extraction time of 12 hours, which was 72.073 ± 1.126 mgQE / g extract. While 80 mesh, with an extraction time of 36 hours, gave a TFC value of 70.169 ± 0.480 mgQE / g extract. In addition, 70% ethanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris leaves contains secondary metabolites of phenolic alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Conclusion: The study concludes that the quantity of simplicia powder particles and the extraction duration influence the total flavonoid concentrations in Artemisia vulgaris.
The Effect of Ethanol Concentration Variations on The Total Phenolic And Flavonoid Levels of Bauhinia purpurea L. Leaf Extract Nurhasanah, Devika; Ulvia, Rengganis; Junita, Fina
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v4i2.12060

Abstract

Bauhinia purpurea L. is an ornamental plant that is not widely known or explored by the public, despite its significant antioxidant properties. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids, known for their antioxidant activity, can be extracted from the leaves through maceration with 70% ethanol and 96% ethanol. The difference in solvent polarity between these two ethanol concentrations affects the solubility of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 70% and 96% ethanol concentrations Bauhinia purpurea L on the total phenolic and flavonoid levels in. An experimental method was employed, using Bauhinia purpurea L powder macerated with 70% and 96% ethanol, followed by evaporation at 40°C-50°C to obtain thick extracts. The extracts were subjected to organoleptic tests, phytochemical screening, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Total phenolic content was determined using gallic acid standards (mg GAE/g extract), while total flavonoid content was measured using quercetin standards (mg QE/g extract). The organoleptic test revealed that both the 70% and 96% ethanol extracts of Bauhinia purpurea L had a blackish-green color, thick consistency, distinctive odor, and bland taste. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, and saponins. The total phenolic content for the 70% ethanol extract was 14.644 ± 0.222 mg GAE/g, and the total flavonoid content was 25.519 ± 0.921 mg QE/g. The total phenolic content for the 96% ethanol extract was 7.176 ± 0.347 mg GAE/g, and the total flavonoid content was 11.208 ± 0.412 mg QE/g. These results indicate a significant difference between the use of 70% and 96% ethanol in extracting total phenolic and flavonoid content from Bauhinia purpurea L, with the 70% ethanol extract showing higher levels of both compounds.

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