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Borobudur Pharmacy Review
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27983552     DOI : 10.31603/bphr
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BPHR is a peer-reviewed Journal of Pharmacy Studies published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang. This journal published biannually and provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles, and case study on the scope. This journal is issued twice a year and it is a tool for researchers, academics, and practitioners who wished to channel their thoughts and findings in the field of Pharmacy Studies. The scope of this journal include: Pharmaceutical Sciences: Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Drug Delivery System, Physical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Biology. Community and Clinical Pharmacy: Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical Marketing, Alternative Medicines, Pharmaceutical Management, Pharmacoeconomic, Pharmacoepidemiology, Social Pharmacy, Pharmacy Policies.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 54 Documents
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Aktivitas farmakologi dan fitokimia ekstrak Moringa oleifera lam. terhadap sistem reproduksi pria dan wanita: scoping review Anggarany, Ariska Deffy
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol 5 No 1 (2025): January- June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i1.13889

Abstract

Reproductive health is an important part of life continuity. Moringa oleifera plant is reported to have benefits on growth and reproduction that have been tested on animals, such as steroid alkaloids, alkaloid-pyricine, pyrrolidine, phenolics, steroid glycosides, saponins and triterpenoids. This study aims to demonstrate the pharmacological activity of Moringa oleifera Lam. extract as an antifertility agent in the male and female reproductive systems. This study assessed the phytochemical compounds and antifertility effects of moringa on reproductive parameters in both men and women. This study was conducted through a literature study based on an online database search by combining Boolean search terms (“AND”, “OR”) in the electronic databases PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. There were 15 articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. Several phytochemical compounds such as tannins, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins and anthraquinones were reported in extracts of both flowers, stems, seeds and leaves of the moringa plant. The effects of these compounds have the potential to improve sperm quality, increase testosterone production in men, and affect hormone levels and estrus cycles in female reproduction. These findings support the role of Moringa oleifera as an antifertility agent in various reproductive parameters in both men and women.
Patient adherence and factors associated with short-term oral antibiotic use for acute respiratory infections (ISPA) in Wedi primary health care Putri, Aristhasari; Septyasari, Avanilla Fany; Ridhwan, Adib Muhammad
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.14513

Abstract

Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a common illness in Indonesia caused by microorganisms, caused by microorganisms that affect the upper respiratory tract. Short-term antibiotic therapy is frequently prescribed, but many patients do not adhere to this treatment. Non-compliance often occurs because patients feel better, forget to take their medication, or do not follow the prescribed regimen properly. This can lead to poor clinical outcomes and an increased risk of bacterial resistance. This study was conducted to to assess the level of adherence and contributing factor among URTI patients to short-term oral antibiotic therapy. A cross-sectional research design was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire for data collection. The sampling method applied was purposive sampling, which included a cohort of 31 patients with URTI who were prescribed short term antibiotics. The results showed that 77.4% of respondents were compliant, while 22.6% were non-compliant. Factors that significantly associated with adherence included educational level and occupation (p < 0.05), while age did not show a significant relationship (p > 0.05). Another factors influencing non-adherence included inadequate information provided by healthcare professionals, busy schedules, premature discontinuation of therapy due to perceived recovery, lack of family support, and difficulty swallowing medication. Pharmacists can play a significant role in improving compliance by providing clear information and utilizing reminder tools to assist patients in taking their medication as prescribed.
Quality of Pharmaceutical Services and BPJS Patient Satisfaction at Dekai Hospital in 2025 Syam, Ricky Aditya; Asmal, Adhitama
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.15147

Abstract

Patient satisfaction with pharmaceutical services serves as a primary indicator in evaluating the quality of hospital care, particularly for BPJS patients undergoing outpatient treatment. This study aims to analyze the quality of pharmaceutical services and its relationship with patient satisfaction levels at RSUD Dekai in 2025. The method employed is a quantitative approach with a descriptive cross-sectional research design, involving 40 BPJS patient respondents seeking treatment at the hospital's pharmacy unit. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed descriptively, while the relationships between variables were tested using the chi-square test on SPSS 26 at a significance level of 0.05. The findings indicate a significant influence of pharmaceutical service quality on patient satisfaction (p = 0.000 < 0.05). Notably, 92.5% of respondents reported satisfaction with the services, while 7.5% expressed dissatisfaction. These results suggest that pharmaceutical service quality is a key determinant in enhancing patient satisfaction. Accordingly, RSUD Dekai is recommended to implement ongoing improvements and enhancements to pharmaceutical operational procedures, thereby strengthening service reliability and elevating overall patient satisfaction.
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of face mask combination formula rice (Oryza sativa L.) and jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus L.) Kurniawati, Triani; Jehan, Nabila Nauli; Rahasasti, Indri Dwi; Jumaroh, Jumaroh
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.15223

Abstract

Masks are traditional cosmetic products that contain minerals, vitamins, and proteins, useful for cleaning, brightening, tightening, moisturizing, and preventing premature aging of the skin. This study aims to evaluate the preparation of a combination of rice and yam bean mask through preparation evaluation tests, specific and non-specific standardization, and antioxidant activity tests. The method used was experimental with purposive sampling and antioxidant activity testing using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Phytochemical results showed that rice contains alkaloids, while yam bean contains alkaloids, tannins, and phenols. All formulations passed the preparation evaluation test and non-specific standards according to the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia Edition VI. The ICâ‚…â‚€ values ”‹”‹of antioxidant activity for the five formulations were 41.15; 25.06; 29.11; 24.27; and 35.58 µg/mL, respectively. The results of One-Way ANOVA showed no significant difference between formulations (p ≥ 0.05).
Formulation and physical evaluation of lotion aide of jeruju leaf extract (Acanthus Ilicifolius L) Sari, Esti Lia Purwita; Dianita, Puspita Septie; Pribadi, Prasojo
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): January- June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/sgjq6b89

Abstract

Jeruju leaves (Acanthus Ilicifolius L.) contain secondary metabolite compounds, one of which is flavonoids as antioxidants. In this study, the use of jeruju leaf extract is formulated in lotion dosage form as an antioxidant to provide long-lasting and effective protection to the skin. Lotion is a liquid emulsion consisting of water phase and oil phase stabilized by emulgator, containing one or more active ingredients in it. This study aims to determine the effect of varying concentrations of cetyl alcohol as an emulsifier and lanolin as a thickener on jeruju leaf extract lotion preparations. The research method used is experimental with lotion formula divided into 3, namely, (F1 concentration of lanolin 1g and cetyl alcohol 3g), (F2 concentration of lanolin 2g and cetyl alcohol 2g) and (F3 concentration of lanolin 3g and cetyl alcohol 1g). Physical properties testing included organoleptical test, pH test, adhesion test, spreadability test, homogeneity test, viscosity test and ritation test. The results showed that variations in alcohol and lanolin concentrations affected organoleptical physical properties, pH, adhesion, spreadability and viscosity. The lotion preparation did not affect homogeneity and irritation. The conclusion of this study is that variations in the concentration of cetyl alcohol and lanolin affect the physical properties of lotion preparations and lotion preparations of jeruju leaf extract (Acanthus ilicifolius L.) in all formulas are in accordance with established standards and safe for use.
Rational Use of Antibiotics at a Pharmacy in Kotamobagu Astuti, Windi; Kuna, Moh Rasyid
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.13205

Abstract

Infectious diseases remain an important public health problem, especially in developing countries. One of the mainstay therapies for overcoming this problem is the use of antibiotics. Irrational prescribing and use of antibiotics have a significant impact on human health, one of which is the development of microbial resistance to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the proportion of antibiotics prescribed among all drugs dispensed at a pharmacy in Kotamobagu City during the January”“March 2024 period. This study used a descriptive research design with retrospective data collection based on prescription records. The collected data were analyzed using the 90% Drug Utilization (DU) segment method. The results showed that antibiotics accounted for 62.85% of all prescribed drugs. The antibiotic groups included in the 90% DU segment were cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, and quinolones. The findings indicate a shift in antibiotic use, with cephalosporins being the most widely used group. This suggests possible resistance to penicillin-group antibiotics in the region. Therefore, rational use of antibiotics by prescribers and pharmacists is essential to reduce the development and spread of antibiotic resistance in the region.
Green extraction of curcuminoids from Zingiberaceae rhizomes using natural deep eutectic solvents: A systematic review Utama, Niko
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.13650

Abstract

Curcuminoids are the main bioactive compounds found in the rhizomes of the Zingiberaceae family, particularly Curcuma longa, and are known for their significant pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antimutagenic effects. Conventional extraction methods still rely heavily on toxic organic solvents that are environmentally unfriendly and have limited selectivity and efficiency. Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), as green solvents composed of natural components such as choline chloride, organic acids, sugars, and alcohols, offer a more sustainable alternative. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of NADES for extracting curcuminoids from Zingiberaceae rhizomes, compares their performance with conventional solvents, and analyzes the influence of different extraction methods. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar (2015”“2025), and 11 eligible articles were included in the analysis. The results show that combining NADES with energy-assisted extraction methods, such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), yields high curcuminoid concentrations, with the highest reported yield reaching 89.87 mg/g using a choline chloride”“citric acid NADES. Locally sourced NADES formulations, such as nipa palm syrup and nipa vinegar, also demonstrated promising extraction performance. However, challenges remain regarding the high viscosity of NADES and the need for optimized extraction conditions. This study concludes that NADES are promising green solvents for extracting curcuminoids from Zingiberaceae rhizomes. The use of NADES not only enhances extraction efficiency and selectivity but also facilitates the development of environmentally friendly extraction technologies applicable to the functional food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
Regulatory challenges and policy strategies for stem cell-based cosmetics in Indonesia Kashuri, Mohamad
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.13701

Abstract

Introduction: Stem cell-based cosmetics are gaining popularity in Indonesia due to their regenerative and anti-aging properties. However, these products are still governed under a general cosmetic notification system that lacks specific provisions for efficacy validation, safety evaluation, and ethical oversight. The absence of clear regulations may pose significant risks to consumer safety and undermine the credibility of cosmetic biotechnology innovations. Therefore, this study aims to critically analyze the current regulatory landscape surrounding stem cell-based cosmetics in Indonesia, identify key policy gaps, and propose strategic recommendations for establishing a more robust, ethical, and science-based regulatory framework Method: This study employed a narrative literature review approach, analyzing 28 peer-reviewed and open-access publications published between 2020 and 2025. The sources include scientific journals, national regulatory documents, and institutional policy papers that discuss the application of stem cells in cosmetics and their governance within public health frameworks. Results: The review reveals that Indonesia does not yet have a distinct regulatory classification for biotechnology-based cosmetic products. There is no requirement for pre-market efficacy testing or for the disclosure of stem cell origin and processing. In contrast, countries such as South Korea and the European Union have implemented comprehensive regulatory frameworks that ensure transparency, product safety, and ethical compliance. Discussion: The findings indicate that Indonesia’s current passive regulatory approach may compromise consumer protection and fail to respond effectively to emerging biotechnological trends. To close these regulatory gaps, the study proposes the establishment of a specific category for stem cell-based cosmetics, the enforcement of mandatory safety and efficacy evaluations, and the creation of a scientific advisory board to align national regulations with international standards and best practices.
Antipyretic effect of Cymbopogon citratus ethanol extract on yeast-induced fever in mice Septyasari, Avanilla Fany; Putri, Aristhasari; Sholihatun, Anik
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.15115

Abstract

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) contains several secondary metabolites, one of which is flavonoids that have the ability to inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes. Aims of this study is to determine the efficacy of lemongrass stem ethanol extract (Cymbopogon citratus) as an antipyretic and to determine the minimum effective dose for reducing fever in mice (Mus musculus) induced by yeast. The type of study is an experimental laboratory study, divided into 5 treatment groups, 0.5% CMC Na, paracetamol, lemongrass stem extract at doses of 4 mg/20 g, 6 mg/20 g, and 8 mg/20 g. Fever in mice was induced by subcutaneous injection of a 1.5% yeast solution. Rectal temperature measurements were taken at regular intervals at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. The test results showed that the ethanol extract of lemongrass stem at a dose of 4 mg/20 g was able to reduce the fever-induced temperature of mice by 0.78°C from the fever temperature, while the 8 mg/20 g dose of lemongrass extract exhibited antipyretic effects similar to paracetamol.
Analysis of economic efficiency and optimization of drug supplies for the referral back program (PRB) in pharmacies for the first semester of 2025 Puspitasari, Mitha Dwi
Borobudur Pharmacy Review Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): August-Dec
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/bphr.v5i2.15384

Abstract

Background: The sustainability of the Referral Back Program (PRB) is highly dependent on the financial viability of BPJS Kesehatan partner pharmacies. Economic efficiency, reflected in the margin between claim costs and drug procurement costs, is a crucial indicator for the operational sustainability of pharmacies in serving patients with chronic diseases. Objective: This study aims to analyze the level of economic efficiency of PRB implementation in pharmacies during the first semester of 2025 (January-June) and identify areas for inventory management optimization. Method: This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach. Economic efficiency is measured by analyzing the gross margin, which is the difference between the total costs approved (claims) by BPJS Kesehatan and the total purchase price of drugs from suppliers. Inventory analysis is performed using a combination of ABC-VEN methods to prioritize drug items based on investment value and clinical urgency. Claim and purchase data were analyzed monthly and in aggregate. Results: Data analysis showed that the average gross margin achieved by pharmacies during Semester I was 8.0%. Significant monthly margin fluctuations were found, with the lowest margin recorded in February (5.2%) and the highest margin in June (12.1%). ABC analysis showed that 4 of 19 drug items (21%) absorbed 81% of the total procurement budget. ABC-VEN analysis identified 4 drug items in the AV (Vital, High Value) category as the top priority for control. Conclusion: The implementation of PRB in pharmacies shows a positive and sustainable level of economic efficiency. However, the variability of margins between months and the concentration of investment value in several drug items indicate room for optimization through ABC-VEN data-based procurement strategies and price negotiations on Category A items to achieve more stable profitability.  

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