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Andi Firdaus Sudarma
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ijimeam@mercubuana.ac.id
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Universitas Mercu Buana Program Studi S2 Teknik Mesin Jl. Meruya Selatan No. 01, Kembangan, Jakarta Barat 11650, Indonesia
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International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials
Published by Universitas Mercu Buana
ISSN : 2477541X     EISSN : 24775428     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.22441/ijimeam
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
The journal publishes research manuscripts dealing with problems of modern technology (power and process engineering, structural and machine design, production engineering mechanism and materials, etc.). It considers activities such as design, construction, operation, environmental protection, etc. in the field of mechanical engineering and other related branches. In addition, the journal also publishes papers in advanced materials related with advanced electronic materials, advanced energy materials, advanced engineering materials, advanced functional materials, advanced materials interfaces, and advanced optical materials.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 5 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "vol. 8 no. 2 (2026)" : 5 Documents clear
Demineralization of Silica-Rich Agar Processing Residues via Hydrofluoric Acid Leaching for Organic Fraction Enrichment Andi Firdaus Sudarma; Edy Hartulistiyoso; Y. Aris Purwanto; Leopold Oscar Nelwan; Obie Farobie; Hendri; Harri Junaedi; Edy Herianto Majlan
International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v8i2.38546

Abstract

Agar solid waste (ASW) is a silica-rich industrial residue generated during agar extraction that contains organic residue mixed with mineral filtration aids such as Celite (diatomaceous earth) and perlite. Its high ash content and low organic fraction limit its direct utilization as a biomass-derived fuel. This study investigated hydrofluoric acid (HF) leaching as a demineralization pretreatment to reduce silica-rich minerals and improve the physicochemical quality of ASW. Two ASW samples obtained from different agar-processing plants, namely ASW-Celite (contain Celite) and ASW-Perlite (contain perlite), were treated using 10 wt% HF at a solid-to-liquid ratio of approximately 1:12. The treated samples were characterized using XRF, ICP-MS, FTIR, ultimate analysis, and proximate analysis. HF leaching caused substantial mass reduction, with solid yields of 24.99% for ASW-Celite-HF and 48.9% for ASW-Perlite-HF. Ash content decreased from 85.84 to 44.99 wt% in ASW-Celite and from 77.10 to 24.83 wt% in ASW-Perlite. XRF analysis confirmed significant silica removal, particularly in ASW-Celite, where SiO₂ decreased from 96.94 to 21.30%. ICP-MS further showed the reduction of several ash-forming and environmentally relevant elements, including Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, P, S, Cl, Mn, and Fe. HF treatment also enriched the organic fraction, increasing carbon content from 4.69 to 12.52 wt% in ASW-Celite and from 9.83 to 16.10 wt% in ASW-Perlite. The HHV of ASW-Celite improved from 1.91 to 6.52 MJ/kg, whereas ASW-Perlite decreased from 4.80 to 3.19 MJ/kg due to its high oxygen content after treatment. These findings demonstrate that HF leaching effectively reduces silica-rich minerals in ASW, although further deoxygenation is required to improve its fuel quality for bioenergy applications.
Design and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Cost Portable Rotary Cutting Machine for Sugar Palm Inflorescence Stalk Trimming Riza Muhida; Muhammad Riza; Erry Yulian Triblas Adesta; Mochamad Ibnu Safari; Maman Abdurohman; Rifki Muhida; Ari Legowo
International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v8i2.38641

Abstract

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) sap tapping still relies on manual trimming of the inflorescence stalk surface using a machete. Although rotary cutting devices have been studied for several agricultural materials, quantitative evidence for a low-cost handheld machine specifically designed for sugar palm inflorescence stalk trimming is still limited. This study designed, fabricated, and evaluated a portable low-energy rotary cutting machine that integrates a rotary disc blade, DC worm gear motor, worm gearbox, rechargeable lithium battery, and protective blade cover. The novelty of the study is the task-specific evaluation of cutting time, operational capacity, energy consumption, battery-based trimming capacity, and prototype cost for smallholder sap tapping. Manual and machine-assisted trimming were compared using 20 repetitions for each method. The average cutting time decreased from 22.4 ± 1.1 to 6.8 ± 0.6 s/stalk, corresponding to a 69.64% reduction and 3.29 times faster operation than manual trimming. Operational capacity increased from 160.7 to 529.4 stalks/hour. The machine operated at 10.8 V and 0.95 A, requiring 10.26 W and 0.0194 Wh/stalk. A fully charged 10.8 V, 4.8 Ah battery can theoretically support approximately 2675 trimming operations before complete drainage. The prototype material cost was Rp 433,000, equivalent to approximately USD 24.25 using an exchange rate of Rp 17,856/USD. The results indicate that the developed device is a feasible low-cost and low-energy mechanization option for repetitive sugar palm inflorescence stalk trimming.
Finite Element-Based Design and Performance Evaluation of a Chain Conveyor Grid Feeder for Non-Value-Added Reduction in Battery Manufacturing Timotius Anggit Kristiawan; Rosyadul Muzzaqi; Farika Tono Putri; Mochammad Ariyanto
International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v8i2.38756

Abstract

Non-value-added (NVA) waiting time in the grid-feeding process of battery manufacturing is caused by the limited capacity of the existing paster machine input conveyor, resulting in production flow interruptions and reduced operational efficiency. Although finite element analysis (FEA) has been widely applied for structural verification of industrial equipment, limited studies have integrated structural validation with operational performance evaluation to address production inefficiencies in battery manufacturing. To address this gap, this study proposes a chain conveyor grid feeder and introduces a cross-platform FEA approach by combining ANSYS Workbench and SolidWorks Simulation with in-situ industrial validation, thereby providing both numerical verification and practical evidence of production performance improvement. This study proposes and evaluates a chain conveyor grid feeder by integrating cross-platform FEA using ANSYS Workbench and SolidWorks Simulation with in-situ operational validation. The methodology includes CAD-based design, linear-static structural analysis under the maximum loading condition using ASTM A36 material properties, followed by fabrication, production-line implementation, and before–after performance evaluation. The FEA results indicate maximum von Mises stresses of 55–57 MPa for the frame subsystem and 60–73 MPa for the conveyor subsystem, both remaining below the ASTM A36 yield strength (250 MPa). The corresponding maximum deflection ranges from 0.41 to 1.09 mm, with minimum safety factors ranging from 2.30 to 4.54, confirming adequate structural reliability. Operational validation further demonstrates that NVA waiting time was reduced from 124.33 s to 0 s, while operator requirements decreased from two to one across two production lines. These findings demonstrate that integrating cross-platform FEA with industrial implementation provides an effective framework for achieving both structural reliability and measurable improvements in production efficiency.
Effect of Natural Gas Composition on Thermal Performance and NOx Emission Characteristics in Boiler Combustion Systems Alrafly Rizky Putra Henryansyah; A. Grummy Wailanduw; Mohammad Effendy
International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v8i2.38913

Abstract

The composition of natural gas supplied to industrial boilers varies significantly depending on source origin and upstream processing, particularly in the proportions of heavier alkane fractions (C₂–C₆), nitrogen (N₂), and carbon dioxide (CO₂). While prior studies have predominantly treated fuel composition as a fixed parameter or post-combustion control technologies, the systematic influence of multi-component natural gas composition specifically the C₂+alkane fraction distribution on combustion thermal performance and NOx formation in medium-capacity industrial boilers remains insufficiently characterized. This study addresses this gap through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of a 17 ton/hour steam boiler under fifteen systematically designed fuel composition scenarios, maintaining a constant heat input of 11,704 kW and an excess air ratio of 16% across all cases. Simulations were performed using Ansys Fluent 2022 with the shear stress transport k-ω turbulence model, Eddy Dissipation combustion model, and Discrete Ordinates radiation model. The analyzed parameters include furnace temperature distribution, CO₂ mole fraction in flue gas, and thermal NOx concentration. Results reveal that fuel composition exerts a near-twofold variation in NOx emissions, from a minimum of 25.88 ppm (Set 14: 88% CH₄ + 12% C₂–C₅ N2+CO2 blend) to a maximum of 51.05 ppm (Set 9: CH₄ + C₂–C₅ blend), representing a 97.3% difference attributable solely to compositional variation under identical thermal load conditions. Field-realistic multi-component compositions (Sets 12–15) consistently yield the lowest NOx emissions (25.88–28.01 ppm), approximately 30–49% lower than simplified laboratory compositions (Sets 1–11: 31.93–51.05 ppm), demonstrating that fuel composition management alone without any hardware modification or flue gas treatment can achieve NOx reductions comparable to conventional emission control strategies. These findings provide quantitative evidence that natural gas composition is a viable and underutilized primary variable for emission control in industrial boiler operations, with direct implications for fuel procurement specifications and supply chain quality management in manufacturing sectors.
Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Chicken Skin Gelatin: A Process–Structure–Property Study Miftahul Khair; Shafira Dwinanda Jafandeva; Ardi; Edi Saputra
International Journal of Innovation in Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Materials Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/ijimeam.v8i2.38810

Abstract

Gelatin, a collagen-derived biopolymer, has attracted increasing interest as a sustainable material for advanced engineering applications owing to its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and tunable physicochemical properties. However, understanding of how microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) influences the structural evolution and material characteristics of chicken skin-derived gelatin remains limited. This study investigates the effect of MAE on the physicochemical, structural, and morphological properties of chicken skin gelatin in comparison with conventional waterbath extraction. Gelatin samples were produced under different extraction conditions and characterized in terms of yield, moisture content, ash content, pH, viscosity, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV–Visible spectroscopy, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The highest gelatin yield obtained by MAE reached 21.19% at 200 W for 10 min, compared with 12.39% obtained by conventional waterbath extraction under the optimum condition. Microwave treatment also produced observable differences in molecular structure and surface morphology compared with conventional extraction. FTIR and UV–Vis analyses indicated changes in molecular organization, while SDS-PAGE suggested broader peptide distribution following microwave treatment. SEM observations revealed a denser and more compact microstructure in the microwave-extracted gelatin. These findings suggest that microwave-assisted extraction may provide an energy-efficient approach for producing chicken skin-derived gelatin while influencing its structural and physicochemical characteristics. The study contributes to understanding the process–structure–property relationship of gelatin biopolymers and provides useful information for future development of sustainable biomaterials and advanced material processing technologies.

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