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Acta Medical and Health Sciences (AMHS)
Published by Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
ISSN : 28305531     EISSN : 28305426     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35990
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Acta Medical and Health Sciences (AMHS) is a scientific journal that publishes research articles, case reports, literature reviews, and other topics relevant to the field of medicine and health, either clinically or to the biomolecular level. Manuscript under consideration that may be uploaded is a full text of article which has not been published in other national magazines. AMHS is published three times a year (every February, June, and October).
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 48 Documents
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Hepatoprotective effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) extract on Serum Aspartate Transaminase (AST) of male wistar rats induced with isoniazid Sovia, Evi; Kristiana, Ris; Nurdina, Salsabila; Rachman, Hidayatul
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Abstract

Hepatotoxicity is a condition of liver cell damage that is often caused by drugs such as isoniazid. Isoniazid (INH) is an anti-tuberculosis drug that, when used excessively, can cause an increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and trigger oxidative stress, thereby inducing cell necrosis, especially in the liver. Cinnamon is a plant that contains flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and essential oils, which are useful as antioxidants and have the potential hepatoprotective properties. This study aims to determine the effect of ethanol extract of cinnamo n (Cinnamomum burmanii) and its effective dose as hepatoprotection on aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in isoniazid-induced male rats. Extract preparation was carried out using the maceration method. This study was a post-test only control group design laboratory experiment with a sample of 25 male Wistar rats consisting of five groups: the normal control group was given aquabidest (K1), the positive control was induced with 200 mg/kg isoniazid (K2), and three treatment groups were induced with 200 mg/kg isoniazid and given cinnamon ethanol extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW, 200 mg/kg BW and 400mg/kg BW for 14 days. At the end of the study, the AST levels were measured. Data were analyzed using the One -Way Anova test and the Tukey's Post Hoc Test. The results showed that the ALT levels of the group given cinnamon at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg decreased significantly (p<0.05) by 93,20 ± 8,55, 85,60 ± 8,23, and 71,20 ± 3,56 U/L, respectively. The cinnamon ethanol extract could prevent increases in isoniazid-induced AST in rats, thus having a hepatoprotective activity.
Analisis RASCH untuk menganalisis instrumen penilaian kecemasan pada ibu nifas Gumilang, Lani; Linasari, Desy
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Globally, an estimated 20% of women who give birth experience postpartum anxiety. Women, after childbirth, require both physical and psychological adaptation. If not treated immediately, postpartum mothers can experience different levels of anxiety. Anxiety in postpartum mothers can harm both mother and baby. Therefore, health workers need to detect anxiety immediately. This assessment (Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale), or PSAS, helps health workers assess anxiety in postpartum mothers starting from the beginning of the puerperium. However, this measuring instrument needs to be evaluated to assess its use. A Rasch analysis is needed to accurately picture postpartum maternal anxiety. It is considered to have the ability to enhance the accuracy of statistical analysis results and increase measurement precision. This research aims to analyze the postpartum maternal anxiety assessment instrument using Rasch analysis. This study used a descriptive method with a cross-sectional research design involving 36 spontaneous postpartum mothers. The Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS) is the instrument used in this study. According to the results of analysis using the Winsteps program, it is known that there are 34 out of 51 items that meet the item-model accuracy index, with an alpha coefficient of 0.94. The instrument’s separation item index has a value of 3.06. The unexplained variance value does not exceed 15%, so this instrument is ideal for use. Overall, it can be concluded that the anxiety assessment scale for postpartum mothers, namely PSAS, has good psychometric properties for assessment and research.
Level of menarche anxiety before and after adolescent reproductive health education in SDN 19 Lahat Students Rosa Gunadi, Helmi; Soenggono, Arifin; Mutmaini, Silsa
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Women menstruate at varying ages, making it difficult for adolescent girls to describe what is going on with their bodies. They are unprepared and unable to manage their menstruation appropriately due to the limited source of information they receive. As a result, teenage girls experience anxiety symptoms such as fear, anxiety, and discomfort. Anxiety can be decreased by giving the female students sufficient education associated with reproductive health prior to menarche via video media, presentations, discussions, and questions and answers. In this study, an experimental strategy was being used, with a pre-experimental design and a pretest and posttest one-group design. Because the study was conducted on variables for which no data was available, the process had to be modified by providing particular treatments to the research subjects, which were then observed and measured. Before the intervention, it was known that 22 respondents (58%) were not anxious, 4 respondents (11%) had mild anxiety, 7 respondents (18%) had moderate anxiety, 5 respondents (13%) had severe anxiety, and there were no respondents with very severe anxiety. Following the health education intervention, it was observed that 25 respondents (66%) had no anxiety, 6 respondents (16%) had mild anxiety, 4 respondents (11%) had moderate anxiety, and 3 respondents (8%) had severe anxiety but did not report it. There were some people who were experiencing significant anxiety. The students of SD Negeri 19 Lahat experienced a significantly reduced anxi ety concerning menarche both before and after receiving reproductive health education.
Knowledge of Dental Pain Emergency in 45-59 Years Old Community in Cimahi with Clickdent Application R Yuslianti, Euis; Widyasari, Ratih; R Damayanti, Vinsensia
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Abstract

Dental pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience due to tissue damage, and it is usually felt only in the form of a sensation and described as being different from other sensations. Clickdent is a dental application that can help users manage their dental health by providing information associated with dental health, tracking dental appointments and reminders, and connecting users with dental professionals. This study aimed to characterize the level of knowledge of dental pain emergencies and their management among individuals aged 45-59 using clickdent application. This research employed a descriptive research design with a survey method. The subjects of this study were the residents of Cimahi city, aged 45 to 59 years. The data was gathered through the completion of a questionnaire by the subjects. A total of 100 samples were collected using random sampling, and the obtained data was analyzed using descriptive analyses. The collected data were processed using Microsoft Excel in picture and table. The results showed that the respondent’s level of knowledge about dental pain emergencies had good result with an average of 64.62% answered correctly. It can be concluded that the community has good knowledge about dental pain emergency and the treatment. Clickdent applications can be useful tools to improve dental health management and facilitate access to dental professionals.
Profile of risk factors for acoustic trauma in 105 Howitzer Cannon shooter students Kristianti, Asti; Ramdhani, Sony; Amanda Pramesti, Dea
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Acoustic trauma is hearing loss caused by short periods of high-frequency noise. Hearing loss can occur in the military because it uses the main tools of the weaponry system, such as guns, military vehicles, and explosions. This research aims to determine the description of risk factors for acoustic trauma, patterns of hearing protector use, and ear complaints among students of Pusat Pendidikan Artileri Medan (Pusdik Armed) who performed 105 Howitzer Cannon shooting practice. This study used a descriptive method with a cross-sectional design on the students of the Pusdik Armed who practised shooting with 105 Howitzer Cannons. The sampling technique used was total sampling with 103 students. The research instrument is data from questions and blood pressure checks. The results showed a description of the risk factors for acoustic trauma in Pusdik Armed Students who performed Howitzer 105 Cannon shooting practice, which were primarily due to high noise exposure, smoking history, use of PLDs, failure to wear protectors (a small percentage), and use of ototoxic drugs; no one had hypertension and a family history of hearing loss. The patterns of wearing hearing protection during the 105 howitzer cannon firing exercises were gathered from the students who carried out the practice. Additionally, some wore them throughout practice. When it came to ear complaints prior to practice, the majority of students had none before or after cannon shooting practice. Therefore, using ear protective equipment for cannon shooters is necessary.
A Insights from literature analysis : optimal sunscreen use decreases Melasma incidence in women living in tropical climates Damayanti, Lina; Pradini, Astri; Salsabila, Mitha
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Melasma is a hyperpigmented patch that is generally found on the face, especiallyon the cheeks, chin, upper lip, and can extend to the neck. The color of hyperpigmentation in melasma varies, generally from light brown to black with an irregular shape. Melasma is often found in countries with tropical climates with skin types III-V. This happens because countries with these climates are exposed to more sunlight. To prevent melasma, it is recommended to use sunscreen to reduce excessive UV exposure to the skin. It is important to use sunscreen optimally in order to reduce the incidence of melasma. The effect of excessive UV exposure to skin, including melasma, can be reduced by applying sunscreen on the regular basis. This literature review used four databases (Google scholar, PUBMED, NCBI and PERDOSKI) and relevant keywords such as "melasma" and "sunscreen" to find the source of articles published in 2010 to 2022. A total of 142 articles in Indonesian and English were found. After selecting based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 relevant articles were obtained and will be discussed in this literature review. The result of this literature review show a significant relationship between optimal use of sunscreen and the incidence of melasma in women from countries with tropical climates, especially in Asia. Melasma is most commonly found in women with Fitzpatrick skin types III-V and more likely to occur between ages 25-60 years. Patients with melasma who used sunscreen optimally, by applying it every 2 hours, showed a decrease in the degree of severity of melasma compared to those who did not repeat the use of sunscreen. The conclusion can be strengthened more straightforward. For example, applying sunscreen every 2h can significantly decrease the incidence of melasma.
Triple elimination screening for pregnancy: study at Dokter Soekardjo Hospital Desy Aprianti; Susanti Ratunanda
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Abstract

Triple Elimination is an initiative that supports the eradication of mother-to-child transmission of three infectious diseases: HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B. Common tests for this initiative include anti-HIV, RPR-TP, and HBsAg rapid screenings. This descriptive study aimed to determine the results of these screenings in pregnant women at Dokter Soekardjo Hospital. We used a total sampling method to include a total of 182 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. The findings revealed that the majority of pregnant women were in early adulthood (26-35 years) and late adulthood (36-45 years), each comprising 32.96%. Most subjects were housewives (84.61%) who had a senior high school education (38.46%) , and were examined during their third trimester (58.80%). The RPR-TP rapid screening showed reactive results in 7 women (3.84%). No reactive results were found for Anti-HIV, while one woman (0.54%) tested reactive for HBsAg. The third trimester detected the most reactive results, with 6 women showing reactivity: 5 (4.675%) for RPR-TP and 1 (0.93%) for HBsAg. Despite the absence of reactive Anti-HIV results, precautions against HIV transmission during pregnancy are crucial due to the risk of placental infection or damage. The study's RPR-TP results highlight the importance of addressing reactive cases, given their potential impact. Additionally, performing HBsAg tests remains critical due to the risk of chronic HBV infection in babies.
A qualitative, phenomenological study of scabies patients at Cikatomas Health Center Desy Linasari; Sylvia Mustika Sari; Selly Andriani; Ris kristiana; Henny Juliastuti
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Abstract

Infestation with the Sarcoptes scabies mite causes scabies, an infectious skin disease that is often found in densely populated areas. This disease is characterized by itching, especially at night, as well as the appearance of rashes and lesions on the skin. Scabies is an endemic public health problem that attacks groups of people with poor personal hygiene. This research aimsto understand the experiences of scabies patients regarding their disease journey, including treatment and prevention efforts. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Participants were selected using purposive sampling, and a total of seven participants from Cikatomas Health Center, Tasikmalaya Regency, were included. We collected data through in-depth interviews. From the research results, five themes emerged regarding the experiences of scabies patients in their disease journey: symptoms, risk factors, chain of transmission, treatment efforts, and prevention efforts. In conclusion, during the onset of symptoms, patients reported experiencing intense itching, particularly, in several areas of the body. The most prominent risk factors found in patients were poor personal hygiene and inadequate housing density. The chain of transmission occurred due to contact with other scabies patients, including a history of sharing beds in dormitories and using shared items. Patients sought treatment at health facilities, but did not receive treatment together with friends or other affected family members, thereby allowing the chain of transmission to continue. Prevention efforts have been made by improving personal hygiene.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients Marlina Wijayanthy; Susanti Ratunanda
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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This study focuses on the significant health issue of tuberculosis (TB), with Indonesia ranking as the second-highest country worldwide in TB incidence. Diagnostic advancements, including the Rapid Molecular Test (RMT), such as GeneXpert MTB/RIF Ultra, have been pivotal in identifying TB cases. In pulmonary tuberculosis, the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) reveals an inflammatory process marked by elevated fibrinogen and plasma globulin levels linked to acute-phase reactions. This research, conducted at Waled Regional General Hospital, employs a quantitative descriptive approach with purposive sampling. Data on patient characteristics, new pulmonary TB cases, and ESR results are extracted from medical records, covering the period from January to June 2023. Among the 66 patients who meet the inclusion criteria, the majority (74.2%) belong to the adult age group, with males comprising 68.2%. ESR elevation is observed in 87.9% of cases, averaging 78.3 mm/hour, ranging from 5 to >140 mm/hour. ESR increase is prominent in adult males (83.7%), possibly linked to their higher daily activity and social interactions, enhancing exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Furthermore, ESR elevation in adult males may be attributed to a higher likelihood of smoking and alcohol consumption, potentially diminishing macrophage, CD4+, CD8+, and T cell activities and consequently intensifying inflammatory processes. This research sheds light on the prevalence and factors contributing to pulmonary tuberculosis, providing valuable insights for targeted interventions and public health strategies.
Overview of rapid molecular test (RMT)–gene xpert mtb/rif ultra results in pulmonary tuberculosis patients based on the history of therapy Balada A Nurinsani; Susanti Ratunanda
ACTA Medical Health Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): ACTA Medical Health Sciences
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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a health threat that remains a problem both globally and nationally. Indonesia has the world’s second highest number of TB cases. Various examination methods were developed for detecting this disease; one of the most developed is the Rapid Molecular Test (RMT). This study aims to describe the results of a rapid molecular test (GeneXpert) using the Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra tool in pulmonary tuberculosis based on a treatment history consisting of new cases, relapse cases, and drug withdrawal cases. The study subjects were 47 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at Puskesmas Ciwidey, Bandung Regency Health Office, from February to September 2023. The results showed that characteristics of respondents were male (57.4%), female (42.6%), and mostly were aged between 20 and 44 years (53.1%). These results are in line with previous research. The majority of cases (87.2%) were new cases and the most RMT examination results indicated that MTB detected rifampicin sensitivity (78.7%). In new cases, MTB-detected rifampicin sensitivity at 78.1%, MTB-not detected at 19.5%, and MTB-detected rifampicin resistance at 2.4%. In relapse cases, all respondents (100%) showed MTB detected to be rifampicin-sensitive. In drug withdrawal cases, MTB detected 75% rifampicin sensitivity and 25% rifampicin resistance. The results of this study indicate that one possible factor in the occurrence of germ resistance to antituberculosis drugs is inadequate treatment of TB patients, in this case drug withdrawal cases.

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