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Muhammad Miftah Farid
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ijoerar@gmail.com
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Jl. Ketintang No.147-151, Wonokromo, Kec. Wonokromo, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60243
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International Journal of Emerging Research and Review
Published by Institut Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Widya Darma
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30218950     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Social,
Social Sciences Other
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review (IJOERAR) is a peer-reviewed, open-access international journal dedicated to promoting emerging research and review in multidiscipline areas. IJOERAR is published by IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya four times a year/quarterly (in March, June, September, & December). All manuscripts sent to IJOERAR will be read and reviewed with a confidential identity (double-blind peer review) by at least 2 peer reviewers who are experts in their fields. Depending on the evaluation reports of the members of the Editorial Board and peer reviewer, whether articles are published or not. The articles should be original, unpublished, and not in consideration for publication elsewhere at the time of submission to the IJOERAR.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 115 Documents
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Effectiveness of the ICARE-Modification Model in Training Students’ Critical Thinking Skills Rita Makdalena; Rudiana Agustini; Raharjo Raharjo
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.168

Abstract

Objective: Developing students’ critical thinking skills remains a central challenge in higher education, particularly in teacher education programs that demand higher-order cognitive competencies. This study investigates the effectiveness of the ICARE-Modification model—an extended instructional framework integrating Introduction, Connection, Application-modification, Reflection, and Extension stages with AI problem-solving activities—in enhancing undergraduate students’ critical thinking skills. Method:  A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was employed involving 60 undergraduate students enrolled in a teacher education program. The experimental group received instruction using the ICARE-Modification model, while the control group experienced conventional lecture-based learning. Data were collected through a validated open-ended critical thinking test assessed using an analytical rubric covering questioning, analysis, evaluation, logical reasoning, and solution formulation. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and Cohen’s d effect size.  Results: The findings suggest that the ICARE-Modification model creates a more interactive and cognitively engaging learning environment that supports the development of students’ critical thinking skills. Through structured stages of learning that involve exploration, discussion, and reflection, students are encouraged to actively construct knowledge and evaluate their own reasoning processes, which ultimately leads to better learning outcomes in critical thinking. Novelty: This study introduces the ICARE-Modification model, an extended instructional framework that integrates the traditional ICARE stages with AI-assisted problem-solving activities to foster students’ critical thinking skills in teacher education. Unlike previous studies that apply ICARE as a conventional instructional model, this research incorporates structured cognitive scaffolding and AI-supported reflective learning to enhance higher-order thinking processes.
Empowering Gen Z Economics Teachers: AI Mindset, Experiential Learning and Career Readiness for Sustainable Development Dely Nuralizah; Eka Hendi Andriansyah; Dhiah Fitrayati; Ramlee bin Ismail
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.170

Abstract

Objective: The ongoing transformation of education due to technological advances and artificial intelligence demands that prospective teachers possess change-sensitive skills and comprehensive career readiness. To support the implementation of SDGs, particularly goals 4 and 8 which include improving the quality of education as well as decent employment opportunities and economic growth. strengthening the competencies and job readiness of prospective teachers is becoming an increasingly important issue. This study seeks to examine the effect of AI mindset on the career readiness of economics education students who are preparing to become future economics teachers. Method: This study, using a PLS-SEM approach, also examines the role of experiential learning as a mediating variable in the relationship between AI mindset and career readiness. Results: This study found that an AI mindset had a positive and significant impact on career readiness, both directly and through enhanced experiential learning. These results suggest that combining an AI mindset with contextual learning experiences can strengthen students' readiness to face the demands of careers in the digital age. Novelty: Placement of experience-based learning as a mediating variable that connects AI mindset with career readiness of prospective economics teachers, especially in teacher education in Indonesia.
Income Inequality Viewed from the Aspects of Welfare, Economy, and Demographics: Regression Analysis in the Cities of Malang, Madiun, and Surabaya Ardhita Eko Ginanjar; Albrian Fiky Prakoso; Heny Musfidah; Komm Pechinthorn
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.172

Abstract

Objective: This research seeks to identify the factors that potentially influence income inequality from the perspective of welfare (Human Development Index/HDI), economic factors (economic growth), and demographics (population) in the cities of Malang, Madiun, and Surabaya. Method: This study was conducted using a quantitative panel data regression method over the period 2020-2024, using Gretl software. Results: This study’s findings indicate that HDI has a positive and massive impact on income inequality. Economic growth has no significant effect, while population has a negative and big implication on income inequality. These results imply local government policies related to the equitable distribution of HDI, optimisation of economic growth, and the creation of job opportunities. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in its focus on areas classified as cities by the central statistics agency in East Java, which face issues of income inequality, specifically the cities of Malang, Madiun, and Surabaya which have never been studied based on the most recent year.
The Effect of the Phonics Method on the Development of English Reading and Speaking Abilities in Children Aged 4–5 Years Elisabeth Susi Noventy; Ruqoyyah Fitri; Sri Setyowati; Matheos Lasarus
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.175

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to examine the influence of the phonics method on the development of English reading and speaking abilities in children aged 4–5 years at Happy Kids Kindergarten. Method: This study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental pretest–posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 20 children, divided into a control group (n = 10) and an experimental group (n = 10). Data were collected using a structured observation checklist that measured eight indicators of reading and speaking abilities. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an independent samples t-test. Results: The results showed that the experimental group achieved a mean score of 27.5 (85.9%), which was categorized as “Developing as Expected” (BSH), higher than that of the control group, which obtained a mean score of 20.4 (63.75%) in the category of "Starting to Develop" (MB). The t-test confirmed a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.05), indicating that the phonics method had a positive effect on children’s English reading and speaking abilities. Novelty: This study contributes to the simultaneous measurement of reading and speaking abilities within a single research design in the context of Indonesian EFL learners aged 4–5 years. Unlike previous studies, which have mostly focused on reading outcomes in L1 or ESL contexts, this study demonstrates that phonics is also effective in improving pronunciation, fluency, vocabulary, and confidence in early EFL learners.
Implementation of the Integrated Entrepreneurship Learning Model on Entrepreneurial Interest Through Motivation as a Mediating Variable Khusnul Fikriyah; Anik Lestari Andjarwati; Saino Saino; Mariana Mariana; Lintang Venusita; Dea Andani Nur’aini
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.174

Abstract

Objective: The Entrepreneurship Learning Model implemented at the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), Surabaya State University (Unesa), is an integrated learning model. This model aims to enhance students’ entrepreneurial interest through entrepreneurial motivation. Method: This study employs a quantitative research method. Data were collected through questionnaires, with respondents consisting of FEB Unesa students, and the data were obtained in 2024. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Results: The results indicate that: 1.) the integrated learning model implemented at FEB has a significant effect on students’ entrepreneurial motivation; 2.) entrepreneurial learning motivation has a significant effect on entrepreneurial interest; and 3.) the learning model has a significant indirect effect on entrepreneurial interest through motivation. Novelty: These findings have several important implications. From an academic perspective, the development of entrepreneurship curricula in higher education should not rely solely on formal classroom learning (credit-based courses) but must also be supported by non-formal learning activities such as training, seminars, practical experiences, and the development of a real entrepreneurial ecosystem. Practically, these results also support the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy, particularly in designing programs such as Wirausaha Merdeka and entrepreneurship internships.
Driving Circular Business Practices in MSMEs: The Role of Green Human Resources, Green Environmental Strategy, Innovation, and Business Ecosystem Collaboration Erta Erta
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.176

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to examine the influence of green human resources and green environmental strategies on circular business practices in food and beverage MSMEs in East Java, with innovation as a mediating variable and business ecosystem collaboration as a moderating variable. Method: This study used a quantitative explanatory approach. Data were collected through questionnaires from 278 food and beverage MSMEs in Surabaya City, Gresik Regency, Malang Regency, and Malang City. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). Results: The results show that green human resources and green environmental strategies have a positive and significant effect on innovation and circular business practices. Innovation also has a positive effect on circular business practices and mediates the relationship between green human resources, green environmental strategies, and circular business practices. Furthermore, business ecosystem collaboration has been shown to strengthen the influence of green human resources and green environmental strategies on circular business practices. Novelty: The novelty of this research lies in the integration of green human resources, green environmental strategies, innovation, and business ecosystem collaboration in one model to explain circular business practices in food and beverage MSMEs in East Java.
Halal Awareness, HR Practices, and Performance of Halal-Certified MSMEs in East Java Hapsari Shinta Citra Puspita Dewi
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.177

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to examine the effect of halal awareness and human resource practices on MSME performance, with innovative work behavior as a mediating variable and regulation as a moderating variable in halal-certified food and beverage MSMEs in East Java. Method: This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 384 halal-certified food and beverage MSME actors in Surabaya, Gresik, and Sidoarjo. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with SmartPLS. Results: The findings show that halal awareness and human resource practices have positive and significant effects on MSME performance and innovative work behavior. Innovative work behavior also has a positive and significant effect on MSME performance and mediates the relationship between halal awareness, human resource practices, and MSME performance. In addition, regulation strengthens the effect of halal awareness and human resource practices on MSME performance. Novelty: This study offers a comprehensive model by integrating halal awareness, human resource practices, innovative work behavior, and regulation in explaining MSME performance. The novelty lies in positioning innovative work behavior as a transformation mechanism and regulation as an external strengthening factor in halal-certified MSMEs.
Implementation of School-Based Management on Improving the Quality of Learning (Multi-Site Study at Public Junior High School 1 Mojosari and Public Junior High School 2 Mojoanyar, Mojokerto Regency) Ruslan Affandi; Murtadhlo Murtadhlo; Amrozi Khamidi
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.178

Abstract

Objective: School-Based Management (SBM) grants schools broader authority in managing education. Data from the education report cards reveal that the quality of learning at Public Junior High School 1 Mojosari (63.1) and Public Junior High School 2 Mojoanyar (60.21) remains below the expected standard. This study seeks to analyze the planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation of school-based management in improving the quality of learning at Public Junior High School 1 Mojosari and Public Junior High School 2 Mojoanyar in Mojokerto Regency. Method: This study uses a qualitative approach with a multi-site study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. Results: The implementation of SBM in both schools resulted in different levels of effectiveness. This is influenced by leadership capacity, stakeholder collaboration, use of technology, and support from school resources. SBM is carried out through participatory planning, team formation, learning supervision, and data-based evaluation. The success of SBM is not only determined by the execution of management functions but also by the school's capacity to integrate resources and stakeholders to improve the quality of learning. Novelty: This multi-site study provides a novel comparative insight into how differences in technological readiness and stakeholder collaboration shape divergent learning quality in the implementation of SBM at two public schools in Mojokerto Regency.
Using Digital Technology for Learning Quality: Descriptive Study at Junior High Schools in Mojokerto Ruslan Affandi; Murtadhlo Murtadhlo; Amrozi Khamidi
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i2.179

Abstract

Objective: The use of digital technology is becoming increasingly widespread in Indonesian high schools through various strategies. This research aims to find out the forms or strategies of using digital technology along with its impact on learning. Method: Descriptive qualitative was used to analyse various findings at public junior high school 1 Bangsal and public junior high school 2 Gedeg Mojokerto. Purposive sampling was applied with data collected through interviews, observations and documentation to fulfil triangulation. Results: This research found that there are differences in the implementation of digital technology at public junior high school 1 Bangsal and public junior high school 2 Gedeg Mojokerto in terms of teaching practices and methods, as well as for activities like curriculum development and programme evaluation. Both schools still showed an overall improvement in learning outcomes ranging from 12-18%. Novelty: A review is being conducted on the effects of implementing various types of digital technology related directly or indirectly to learning from the perspective of those directly involved in both schools, which has yet to examine the success and challenges faced.
From Multicultural Experiences to Teaching Practices: Insights from Pre-Service English Teachers in Indonesian ELT Contexts Dewi Listia Apriliyanti; Pratiwi Retnaningdyah; Syafi'ul Anam
International Journal of Emerging Research and Review Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): September
Publisher : IKIP Widya Darma Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56707/ijoerar.v4i3.180

Abstract

Objective: This study explores the multicultural experiences, attitudes, and efficacy of pre-service English teachers (PSETs) along with their reflections on teaching practices. Method: The study employed the Multicultural Efficacy Scale survey and semi-structured interviews. 107 PSETs from nine public universities and five private universities in West Java, Indonesia, participated in the survey. Results: The study identified two key findings. Firstly, most PSETs acquired background knowledge and experiences related to diversity and multiculturalism mainly through media (M=2.99, SD=0.82), diverse classmates (M=2.96, SD=0.82), and social interactions (M=2.78, SD=0.81). 84 (78.5%) of them exhibited moderate attitudes, and 56 of them (52.34%) demonstrated moderate multicultural efficacy in the English language teaching context. Secondly, participation in student exchange programs significantly enhanced their awareness and understanding of multicultural contexts. Additionally, the findings indicated that participants with high multicultural efficacy successfully integrated Indonesian cultural elements into English Language Teaching. In contrast, those with moderate and low efficacy made cultural adjustments to bridge gaps but lacked pedagogical strategies for embedding cultural reflections into their instruction. Novelty: This study contributes to ELT and multicultural education research by examining pre-service English teachers’ multicultural experiences, attitudes, efficacy, and instructional practices in the Indonesian context. The findings highlight the role of media, social interactions, and intercultural experiences in shaping awareness of cultural diversity. While most participants demonstrated moderate multicultural attitudes and efficacy, variations were evident in their ability to implement culturally responsive teaching. The study underscores the need for stronger pedagogical support to translate multicultural awareness into meaningful classroom practices.

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