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Andri Putra Kesmawan
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice
Published by Indonesian Journal Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30310016     DOI : https://doi.org.10.47134/lawjustice
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
The Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice ISSN 3031 0016 is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to presenting high quality research in the field of law and justice in Indonesia. The focus and scope of this journal are, Constitutional Law, Criminal Law and Criminology, Civil and Business Law, International Law, Justice and Human Rights. Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice welcomes contributions in the form of research articles, literature reviews, legal notes, and legal essays related to the aforementioned topics. We invite contributions from various perspectives, both academic and practitioner, to enrich discussions and understanding in the field of law and justice in Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 358 Documents
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Evaluasi Kebijakan dan Hambatan Implementasi Mediator Independen dalam Sistem Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial Aditiarman; Fauzi Syam; Ana Ramadhona; Ratna Dewi; Syurpana Nofanda
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5521

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kebijakan hukum dan hambatan implementasi mediator independen dalam penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), menganalisis peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial, hasil penelitian, serta literatur terkait hukum ketenagakerjaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mediasi hubungan industrial masih didominasi oleh mediator Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) di bawah Dinas Tenaga Kerja, sementara peran mediator independen belum diakui secara eksplisit dalam hukum nasional. Ketiadaan dasar hukum, mekanisme akreditasi, dan pengakuan kekuatan eksekutorial hasil mediasi independen menyebabkan efektivitasnya rendah. Berdasarkan teori efektivitas hukum Soerjono Soekanto, hambatan utama terletak pada aspek normatif, kelembagaan, profesionalitas mediator, serta budaya hukum masyarakat yang masih berorientasi litigasi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan reformulasi kebijakan melalui revisi UU No. 2 Tahun 2004 atau pembentukan regulasi turunan yang mengatur akreditasi dan legalitas mediator independen untuk menciptakan sistem penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan industrial yang lebih netral, efisien, dan berkeadilan sosial.
Peran Perampasan Harta Kekayaan Sebagai Sanksi Pelengkap dalam Upaya Memulihkan Kerugian Negara Melalui Penanganan Kasus Korupsi di Indonesia Sanjaya, I; Dasi, I
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5556

Abstract

Corruption as a global problem threatens Indonesia's economic and social stability, with trillions of rupiah in financial losses to the state and a decline in public trust. Asset forfeiture as an additional sanction in criminal corruption cases is regulated to recover losses, but faces challenges such as weak coordination and proving the origin of assets. This study analyzes the following issues: 1) How is the asset forfeiture mechanism applied in the process of enforcing corruption crimes to recover state financial losses? 2) How is the asset forfeiture mechanism applied in the process of enforcing corruption crimes to recover state financial losses? The research method uses a normative juridical approach through literature study and qualitative descriptive analysis. There is a research gap, namely the gap between the available legal regulations (such as Article 18 of Law No. 31/1999 and Article 38 of the Criminal Code). The results of the study show that asset forfeiture is regulated in the Anti-Corruption Law and the Anti-Money Laundering Law as a mandatory sanction under certain conditions, with mechanisms including seizure, judicial/non-judicial forfeiture, and restitution, although its effectiveness is hampered by the complexity of evidence and cross-border asset transfers, thus requiring regulatory strengthening and international harmonization.
Juridical Construction of Causality in Cyber-Threatening Crimes Resulting in Victim Death: A Critical Study of Fintech Peer-to-Peer Lending Debt Collection Henok , Adrianus
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5559

Abstract

This research examines the complexity of proving the causal link in cyber-threatening crimes resulting in victim death, with a specific focus on debt collection practices by Fintech Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending providers. The central issue in this discourse is the difficulty of legally linking psychological pressure exerted through digital media to physical outcomes such as death (often in the form of suicide). The research method employed is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results indicate that the construction of causality in conventional criminal law needs to be reassessed through the theory of adequacy to address the realities of cybercrime. Aggressive collection practices that violate legal norms often serve as a conditio sine qua non for the loss of the victim's life. This article concludes that there is an urgent need for policymakers to clarify the criteria for corporate and personal criminal liability within the fintech ecosystem to counter the fatal impacts of cyber-harassment.
Analisis Dikeluarkannya Fly Ash Bottom Ash (FABA) dari Kategori Limbah B3 Azahra Nabila Nasution, Shafira; Fillo Sofia, Tasya; Hakemah Binti Mahari, Mu`ezzah; Wulandari
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5250

Abstract

In accordance with Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021, which replaced Government Regulation Number 101 of 2014, this study examines the legal basis and environmental implications of removing Fly Ash Bottom Ash (FABA) from the hazardous waste category. The research applies a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by the analysis of relevant primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that the government justifies the reclassification based on the relatively stable characteristics of FABA generated from high-temperature combustion processes, considerations of industrial cost efficiency, and its potential utilization within a circular economy framework. Nevertheless, the policy raises significant environmental concerns, particularly regarding the risk of heavy metal contamination affecting soil, water, and air. It also prompts debate over the potential weakening of strict liability and precautionary principles as stipulated in Law Number 32 of 2009. The study concludes that clearer technical standards, strengthened derivative regulations, and transparent monitoring mechanisms are essential to safeguard environmental protection and ensure long-term sustainability.
A Juridical Analysis of Business Actors’ Liability for Breach of Online Sale and Purchase Agreements Based on Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection Basary, Maria
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5466

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the provisions on business actors' responsibilities for defaults in online sales agreements based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and to examine obstacles and efforts to optimize consumer protection. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and case-based approach through literature review. The results indicate that business actors' responsibilities are regulated through the integration of the Civil Code, the Consumer Protection Law, and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, applying the principle of absolute liability and a reversal of the burden of proof. However, its implementation still faces obstacles such as suboptimal e-commerce regulations, low consumer legal literacy, the limited role of the BPSK (Regional Consumer Protection Agency), detrimental standard clauses, and unclear marketplace responsibilities. Therefore, regulatory reform and institutional strengthening are needed to improve consumer protection in online sales transactions.
A Juridical Review of the Limitation on the Duration of Fixed-Term Employment Agreements (PKWT) Following Constitutional Court Decision Number 168/PUU-XXI/2023 in Protecting Workers’ Rights in Indonesia Budi, David; Rahma, Diding; Asri, Ardison
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5492

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the limitation of Fixed-Term Employment Agreements (PKWT) based on Constitutional Court Decision Number 168/PUU-XXI/2023 and to examine the legal consequences for employers and workers if PKWT exceeds the maximum five-year term. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches by analyzing labor law regulations and relevant legal doctrines concerning employment agreements. The study focuses on examining the legal interpretation and binding force of the Constitutional Court decision related to PKWT duration limits. The results demonstrate that the five-year maximum duration of PKWT constitutes an imperative legal norm designed to ensure legal certainty, balance of rights and obligations, and protection of workers’ job security. The Constitutional Court decision clarifies the ambiguity in previous regulations regarding PKWT duration, thereby preventing potential misuse of fixed-term contracts that may disadvantage workers. If employers implement PKWT exceeding the five-year limit, the employment relationship automatically converts into an Indefinite-Term Employment Agreement (PKWTT) by operation of law. This conversion imposes additional legal responsibilities on employers, including the obligation to provide stronger employment guarantees and fulfillment of normative labor rights. Therefore, the decision reinforces the legal framework governing fixed-term employment arrangements while strengthening worker protection within Indonesia’s labor law system.
Legal Liability of Artificial Intelligence in Criminal Law: A Comparative Study between Indonesia and European Union Anggara, I
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5565

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has generated complex challenges for criminal law, particularly regarding the attribution of legal liability when AI systems cause harm or facilitate criminal acts. Traditional criminal law doctrine is grounded in the principles of actus reus and mens rea, presupposing human agency and moral culpability. However, AI systems operate autonomously and lack consciousness, raising fundamental questions about responsibility and accountability. This study examines the concept of criminal liability for AI through a comparative analysis between Indonesia and the European Union. While the European Union has adopted a comprehensive regulatory framework through the EU Artificial Intelligence Act and complementary liability instruments, Indonesia currently relies on general criminal law provisions and sectoral regulations without specific AI governance mechanisms. Using normative and comparative legal methods, this research analyzes doctrinal limitations, regulatory approaches, and emerging liability models, including human-centered liability, strict liability, and electronic personhood. The findings indicate that neither jurisdiction recognizes AI as a criminal subject; however, the European Union applies a risk-based regulatory model that enhances accountability for providers and deployers of high-risk AI systems. This article argues that Indonesia should adopt a hybrid framework combining human-centered criminal liability with risk-based regulatory obligations to address accountability gaps while maintaining doctrinal coherence in criminal law.
The Concept of Digital Asset Inheritance in the Perspective of Faraid Science (A Study of the Application of Blockchain-Based Crypto) Santoso, Muhammad; Hasanudin, Fuat
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5587

Abstract

This normative legal research aims to analyze the legal standing of crypto assets in Islamic inheritance law and to formulate an adaptive faraid approach capable of addressing their non-custodial characteristics. The study employs qualitative doctrinal analysis using the methods of qiyas  (analogical reasoning) and maqashid sharia  (objectives of Islamic law) to examine the inheritance implications of crypto assets stored on blockchain systems. In the analytical process, locked digital assets are analogized to buried treasure  (rikaz) to establish their proprietary status, while reference to Law No. 4 of 2023 concerning the Financial Sector Development and Strengthening  (PPSK Law) is utilized to reinforce their legality as recognized inheritance objects within the national legal framework. The findings confirm that crypto assets can be validly categorized as māl mutaqawwim  (legally valuable property) because they fulfill the elements of hiyazah  (legitimate control) and intifa’  (beneficial use), thereby making them subject to inheritance distribution. However, their dependence on private keys presents significant technical barriers to execution and transfer. To address this issue, the study proposes the implementation of Wasiyyah al-Isya’  (testament of access) as a preventive mechanism aligned with the principle of hifz al-mal  (protection of wealth), ensuring heirs’ access to digital assets. Additionally, for indivisible or technically complex assets, the application of the at-takharuj (peaceful settlement) mechanism is recommended, whereby ownership is transferred to technologically competent heirs who provide equitable compensation  (iwadh) to other heirs. This adaptive framework ensures legal certainty, distributive justice, and alignment with the objectives of Sharia in the digital era.
DEATH PENALTY IN DRUG CRIMES: Analysis of Constitutional Court Decisions from a Human Rights Perspective Rahayu, Anisa Fuji; Sahara, Anisa; Chatlina, Chiara Belva; Putra, Muhammad Irsyad Irman; Sari, Puput Intan Permata; Mulyadi, Dedi
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5588

Abstract

The application of the death penalty for narcotics crimes in Indonesia remains controversial because it involves a conflict between the state’s authority to impose criminal sanctions and the protection of the fundamental right to life guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution and international human rights instruments. This study aims to analyze the Constitutional Court’s legal reasoning regarding the constitutionality of the death penalty for narcotics crimes, examine international human rights perspectives, and evaluate its proportionality in modern criminal law. This research uses a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The analysis is based on Constitutional Court decisions related to the Narcotics Law and relevant international human rights instruments such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The results show that the Constitutional Court maintains the constitutionality of the death penalty by classifying narcotics crimes as extraordinary crimes, while emphasizing that its application must be limited as an ultimum remedium. However, international human rights standards increasingly criticize the death penalty for drug crimes because it does not meet the category of “most serious crimes.” This study concludes that although constitutionally permissible, the death penalty for narcotics crimes raises concerns regarding proportionality and compatibility with international human rights standards.
Perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Barang yang Tidak Sesuai Deskripsi Pada Marketplace Sari, Bunga; Tamba, Dea; Handayani, Sri
Indonesian Journal of Law and Justice Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/ijlj.v3i3.5615

Abstract

Pesatnya transaksi di platform marketplace memicu peningkatan keluhan konsumen terkait barang yang tidak sesuai deskripsi, yang sering kali bersinggungan dengan pelanggaran Hak Kekayaan Intelektual (HKI). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis mekanisme perlindungan hukum HKI bagi konsumen di marketplace dengan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya urgensi harmonisasi antara UUPK, UU HKI, dan nilai Pancasila untuk mengatasi ketimpangan daya tawar antara platform dan konsumen. Diperlukan rekonstruksi tanggung jawab platform serta penguatan literasi digital guna memitigasi risiko kerugian di ekosistem digital.

Page 35 of 36 | Total Record : 358

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