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Law and Justice
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
ISSN : 25498282     EISSN : -     DOI : https://www.doi.org/10.23917/laj
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
Law and Justice is a peer-reviewed journal. That is published biannually and managed by Faculty of Law Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, which is intended as a medium of communication, information and legal science development. This journal contains studies in the field of law which are the results of research in the field of law directed to promote transcendental values, nationalism values, democratic values and Pancasila. The scopes of Law and Justice, but not limited to are legal Studies, Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Civil Law, Islamic Law, Environmental Law, Human Rights, International Law, and also interconnection studies with Legal Studies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 63 Documents
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Legal Policies on Welfare Approaches in Forest Management in Indonesia: : Policy Study at Perum Perhutani KPH Saradan Arief Budiono; M Junaidi; Rizka Rizka; Jan Alizea Sybelle; Kiki Samudera; Iqbal Muhammad Ichsan
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.1693

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kebijakan Perum Perhutani KPH Saradan dalam mengadopsi kebijakan Pengelolaan Hutan Bersama Masyarakat (PHBM) sebagai kebijakan kehutanan dengan pendekatan baru, yaitu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar hutan dan sekaligus melestarikan hutan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non-doktrinal dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yaitu sesuatu dilihat dari sudut pandang orang yang diteliti (informan). Lokasi penelitian berada di wilayah kerja Perum Perhutani KPH Saradan. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara dengan responden yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling dan dianalisis dengan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan diskusi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan PHBM memiliki tujuh tujuan, yaitu: perencanaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan yang lebih fleksibel, peningkatan tanggung jawab Perum Perhutani (KPH Saradan) terhadap keberlanjutan fungsi dan manfaat hutan, peningkatan peran dan akses masyarakat desa hutan (MDH) dan pemangku kepentingan pengelolaan SDH, penyesuaian PHBM dengan pembangunan daerah, peningkatan sinergi dengan Pemerintah, peningkatan usaha produktif sehingga masyarakat mandiri dan mendukung peningkatan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM). Implementasi kebijakan PHBM dalam konsepnya adalah pengelolaan hutan bersama masyarakat, yaitu prinsip kerjasama, pengelolaan bersama, dan tanggung jawab bersama. Kebijakan dengan pendekatan kesejahteraan ini juga mengambil jalur kesediaan untuk berbagi hasil hutan kayu dan non-kayu dengan masyarakat Desa Hutan (MDH) yang sebelumnya telah dilakukan dan memiliki konsep pertanian di area hutan sehingga hutan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kesejahteraan tanpa menyebabkan kerusakan hutan.   Kata Kunci: Kehutanan, Kebijakan, Saradan, Kesejahteraan   This study aims to examine the policies of Perum Perhutani KPH Saradan adopting the Community Forest Management (PHBM) policy as a forestry policy with a new approach, namely increasing the welfare of the people living around the forest and preserving forests on the other hand. This research is a non-doctrinal research with a qualitative approach, that is, something is seen from the point of view of the person being studied (informant). The research location is in the working area of Perum Perhutani KPH Saradan. The type of data in this study consists of primary data and secondary data. Primary data obtained from interviews with respondents from sampled with the purposive sampling method and analyzed with qualitative analysis. BerdaBased on the results of the research and discussion, it can be concluded that the PHBM policy has seven objectives, namely: more flexible planning and implementation of activities, increasing the responsibility of Perum Perhutani (KPH Saradan) for the sustainability of forest functions and benefits, increasing the role and access of forest village communities (MDH) and stakeholders. holders of SDH management, aligning PHBM with regional development, increasing synergy with the Government, increasing productive businesses so that the community is self-sufficient and supporting the improvement of the human development index (IPM). The implementation of the PHBM policy in its concept is community forestry, namely the principles of co-operation, co-management and co-responsibility. The policy with this welfare approach also takes the path of willingness to share timber and non-timber forest products with the Forest Village (MDH) community which was carried out previously and has the concept of agriculture in forest areas so that forests can be utilized for welfare without causing forest damage.   Keywords: Forestry, Policy, Saradan, Welfare.
Legal Aspects of Abandoned Children: Legal Protection and Responsibilities of the Regional Government of Karawang Regency Muhammad Rizky Hamzah; Wahyu Donri Tinambunan
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.1732

Abstract

As time goes by, there are increased cases of child neglect due to parents who want to run away from the burden of their responsibility to care for their children. Legal protection policies for abandoned children that have been applied so far tend to only add to their shortcomings without paying attention to the wider impact. This is because laws that are supposed to protect the basic rights of abandoned children are struggling with their own problems. This research uses research methods with the approach technique used is Normative Juridical. The approach used is a conceptual approach and a statue approach using primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Legal material analysis uses the nature of prescriptive analysis, which is to provide arguments for the results of research that has been done by providing prescriptions or judgments about right or wrong or what should be according to law against legal facts or events resulting from research. The results showed that the Constitution mandates the state to realize welfare as stated in the Articles in the Constitution. The function of the State in caring for abandoned children can be realized if the government as a policy maker and / or legislation must take sides and pay attention to various problems of abandoned children in Indonesia. The responsibility of the local government of Karawang Regency from the juridical aspect towards abandoned children relates to Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2012 concerning the Implementation of Social Welfare, which is carried out in two ways or steps, Coaching, and Advanced Development. The Karawang Regency Social Office collaborated with other elements
Anti-Dumping Policy as An Effort To Maintain Indonesia's Economic Sovereignty Imanudin Affandi
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.1791

Abstract

Anti-dumping is an effort to reduce the impact of losses due to dumping practices. In general, dumping practices are considered legal if they do not harm or damage the economy of the country that is the target market for the goods. Anti-dumping is also part of the trade defense mechanism, which is an international legal instrument provided by the World Trade Organization (WTO) to resolve dumping disputes and deal with losses arising from dumping practices in destination countries. The writing of this article uses the normative legal research method, which is research conducted by examining literature (secondary data). legal doctrine, legal theory and other literature to answer the legal issues being researched. This study intends to examine the regulations governing anti-dumping policies in Indonesia and how anti-dumping policies are carried out by the government as an effort and measure to safeguard Indonesia's economic sovereignty. The results of the research show that the regulations governing Anti-Dumping Policy in Indonesia are quite complete and practical. Likewise, the Anti-Dumping Policy carried out by the Government of Indonesia is in line with regulations in the field of international trade as ratified through Law no. 7 of 1994 concerning Ratification of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization.
Comparative Study of Death Penalty Against Crimes of Sexual Violence in Children and Causes of Crimes of Sexual Violence in View of Differential Association Theory Sabrina Sheilla Shafira; Abdul Hakim, Hary; Augusting Caparanga Camo; Basri
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i2.1851

Abstract

Kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dianggap sebagai kejahatan yang sangat serius di Indonesia, pemerintah memberlakukan hukuman mati bagi pelaku kejahatan semacam itu. Namun, meskipun penerapan hukuman mati, jumlah kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak belum sepenuhnya mengalami penurunan. Oleh karena itu, faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak harus dikaji secara mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi perbandingan penerapan hukuman mati di Indonesia dengan negara-negara yang tidak menerapkannya dalam kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dan untuk menemukan faktor-faktor penyebab kejahatan tersebut dengan menggunakan teori asosiasi diferensial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan perbandingan. Objek penelitian adalah studi perbandingan mengenai hukuman mati terhadap kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dan faktor-faktor penyebab kekerasan seksual yang dilihat dari teori asosiasi diferensial. Sementara itu, data sekunder diperoleh dari buku, jurnal, dan studi kasus hukum. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa hukuman mati untuk kekerasan seksual terhadap anak di Indonesia telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 dan pelaksanaannya juga telah dilakukan di beberapa negara seperti India dan China. Namun, ada negara-negara seperti Norwegia, Belanda, dan Kanada yang tidak memberlakukan hukuman mati. Adanya kebutuhan akan kepastian hukum terhadap hukuman mati muncul dari peningkatan tindakan kejahatan seksual yang dilakukan terhadap anak-anak.     Sexual violence against children is considered a very serious crime in Indonesia, the government imposes the death penalty for perpetrators of such crimes. However, despite the implementation of the death penalty, the number of cases of sexual violence against children has not fully decreased. Therefore, the factors causing sexual violence against children must be studied in depth. This research aims to explore the comparison of the application of the death penalty in Indonesia with countries that do not apply it in cases of sexual violence against children and to find the factors causing such crimes using the differential association theory. The research method used is normative research with a statute and comparative approach. The object of research is a comparative study of the death penalty for sexual violence against children and the factors causing sexual violence viewed from the differential association theory. While secondary data comes from books, journals, and legal case studies. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative methods. The findings show that the death penalty for sexual violence against children in Indonesia has been regulated in Law Number 1 of 2023 and its implementation has also been carried out in several countries such as India, and China. However, there are countries such as Norway, the Netherlands, and Canada that did not impose the death penalty. The need for legal certainty toward the death penalty emerges from an increase in sexual offenses committed against minors.
Choosing Not to Have Children in the Perspective of Hadits and Maslahah Khozinatul Asrori
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.2070

Abstract

Salah satu tujuan pernikahan adalah untuk memiliki anak. Seiring waktu, memiliki anak tidak lagi menjadi tujuan dalam pernikahan, hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor yang mendasar baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan posisi fenomena childfree dalam pandangan maslahah dan hubungannya dengan hadis yang menjelaskan anjuran untuk menambah keturunan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif. Dalam hadis yang diriwayatkan oleh Imam Ahmad, terdapat nasihat dalam pernikahan untuk memilih wanita yang penuh cinta dan kasih sayang serta wanita yang subur dengan tujuan dan niat untuk menciptakan generasi berkualitas. Bagi Muslim yang memiliki komitmen untuk tidak memiliki anak setelah menikah, perlu dipertimbangkan apakah pilihan tersebut didasarkan pada dharurot atau tidak, jika terkait dengan hadis mengenai anjuran untuk menambah jumlah keturunan, pilihan untuk tidak memiliki anak setelah menikah (childfree) dianggap makruh. Namun, jika terdapat faktor-faktor lain yang bersifat dhoruriyah, seperti ancaman terhadap kelangsungan hidup, maka status hukum childfree dapat berubah, yang awalnya makruh menjadi diperbolehkan karena 'ilat' di baliknya.   One of the goals of marriage is to have children. Over time, having children is no longer a goal in marriage, this is due to the underlying factors both internally and externally. This article aims to explain the position of the childfree phenomenon in the view of maslahah and its relation to the hadith which explains the recommendation to increase offspring. This research is a literature research using descriptive analysis method. In the hadith narrated by Imam Ahmad there is advice in marriage to choose women who are filled with love and affection as well as women who are fertile with the aim and intention of trying to create a quality generation. For Muslims who have a commitment not to have children after marriage, it is necessary to consider whether the choice is based on dharurot or not, if it is related to the hadith regarding the recommendation to increase the number of offspring, the choice not to have children after marriage (childfree) is considered makruh . Nevertheless, if there are other factors that are dhoruriyah in nature , such as the threat of survival, then the legal status of childfree can change, which was originally makruh to become permissible due to the 'ilat' behind it.
Bima Regional Government Policies in The Economic Development of Persons With Disabilities Perspective Inclusive Economic Development Index Junaidin; Ridwan; Taufik Firmanto; Gufran Sanusi; Ainun Wulandari; Nuratika; Firdaus; Nuruzzakiyah Salsabila
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.2134

Abstract

Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian mengenai Kebijakan Pemerintah Kota Bima dalam Upaya Pengembangan Ekonomi Penyandang Disabilitas dari Perspektif Indeks Pembangunan Ekonomi Inklusif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian Hukum Normatif. Beberapa pendekatan digunakan, termasuk pendekatan Perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan filosofis, pendekatan perbandingan, dan pendekatan analitis. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah pengungkapan kebijakan pemerintah daerah Kota Bima dalam mengembangkan ekonomi penyandang disabilitas dari perspektif indeks pembangunan ekonomi inklusif yang sebelumnya belum pernah ditemukan. Diskusi menunjukkan bahwa pemerintah daerah Kota Bima belum sepenuhnya mampu memenuhi hak-hak penyandang disabilitas di sektor pembangunan ekonomi. Indikasinya adalah masih banyak penyandang disabilitas yang tersebar di berbagai tempat dalam kondisi sulit. Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, mereka terpaksa mengemis dan mengharap belas kasihan dari orang lain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan harian mereka. Kondisi seperti ini bertentangan dengan tujuan mencapai indeks pembangunan ekonomi inklusif di Indonesia. Kesimpulan, kebijakan pemerintah daerah Kota Bima dalam pengembangan ekonomi bagi penyandang disabilitas dapat mempengaruhi peningkatan pertumbuhan ekonomi dan kualitas sumber daya manusia, namun hal ini belum diimplementasikan secara optimal. Tidak ada kebijakan konkret dari pemerintah daerah yang dapat mendukung peningkatan kapasitas sumber daya manusia penyandang disabilitas untuk mengurangi kemiskinan dan ketidaksetaraan. Begitu pula, upaya pemerintah daerah Kota Bima dalam mengembangkan ekonomi penyandang disabilitas dari perspektif indeks pembangunan ekonomi inklusif belum diimplementasikan secara optimal. Kebijakan ekonomi yang tidak diimplementasikan secara optimal mengakibatkan kualitas hidup penyandang disabilitas lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan anggota masyarakat lainnya.     This article is the result of research on Bima City Regional Government Policy in Efforts to Develop the Economy of Persons with Disabilities from the Inclusive Economic Development Index Perspective. The method used in this research is the Normative Law research method. With several approaches used, including approximation Legislation, conceptual approach, philosophical approach, comparative approach, and analytical approach. The novelty of this research is the revelation of the Bima City regional government's policy in developing the economy of people with disabilities from an inclusive economic development index perspective that has never been found before. The discussion shows that the regional government of the city of Bima has not been fully able to fulfill the rights of persons with disabilities in the economic development sector. The indications are that there are still quite a lot of people with disabilities scattered in various places in dire conditions. In their daily lives they are forced to beg and expect mercy from others to fulfill their daily needs. Conditions like this are contrary to the goal of achieving an inclusive economic development index in Indonesia. Conclusion, local government policy Bima City in its economic development for people with disabilities can influence increased economic growth and the quality of human resources, however this has not been implemented optimally. There are no concrete policies from the regional government that can support increasing the capacity of human resources for people with disabilities to reduce poverty and inequality. Likewise, the Bima City regional government's efforts to develop the economy of people with disabilities from the perspective of the inclusive economic development index have not been implemented optimally. Economic policies that are not implemented optimally result in a lower quality of life for people with disabilities compared to other members of society.  
Implementation of Know Your Customer Principle in Banking Practices at Bank BNI 46 Bima Branch Miskun, Miskun; Iksan, Iksan; Kasmar , Kasmar; Taufik Firmanto; Ainun Wulandari; Masrin, Masrin; Sahidah, Sahidah; Nastion, Nastion
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i2.2135

Abstract

Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum yang menganalisis penerapan prinsip mengenal nasabah (know your customer) dalam praktik perbankan, hal ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk dapat mengidentifikasi transaksi yang mencurigakan sejak dini, dan meminimalkan berbagai risiko, seperti risiko operasional, risiko hukum, risiko transaksi terkonsentrasi, dan risiko reputasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian hukum empiris, dengan mengambil lokus di Bank BNI 46 Cabang Bima. Temuan baru yang ditemukan dari penelitian ini adalah pelanggaran terhadap prinsip kerahasiaan di mana bank diizinkan untuk mengetahui identitas nasabah terkait dengan profil dan karakter transaksi nasabah. Hasil dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa Bank BNI 46 Cabang Bima menerapkan Prinsip know your customer. Aturan Know Your Customer sebagaimana tercantum dalam PBI Nomor 3/10/PBI/2001 yang kemudian diubah oleh Bank Indonesia Mengenai Penerapan Prinsip dengan Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 5/21/PBI/2003 Mengenai Perubahan Kedua atas Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 3/10/PBI/2001 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Kenal Nasabah. Dalam menerapkan prinsip mengenal nasabah, bank dapat mencurigai transaksi yang diduga berasal dari hasil kejahatan, seperti penyelundupan uang, suap, tindak pidana korupsi, penyelundupan tenaga kerja, dan kejahatan perbankan. Selain itu, transaksi keuangan yang menyimpang dari profil, karakteristik, atau kebiasaan pola transaksi nasabah perusahaan juga patut dicurigai. Kesimpulannya, prinsip mengenal nasabah (know your customer principle) adalah salah satu prinsip penting dalam dunia perbankan dan keuangan, yang telah diimplementasikan oleh Bank BNI 46 Cabang Bima mengacu pada kebijakan dan prosedur yang diterapkan oleh lembaga keuangan untuk memastikan identitas dan karakteristik nasabah sebelum memberikan layanan keuangan kepada mereka. Namun, hal ini justru bertentangan dengan tradisi kerahasiaan antara bank dan nasabahnya, yang menjadi pilar utama membangun hubungan kepercayaan antara bank dan nasabahnya.     This article is a legal research that analyzes the application of the principles get to know customers (know your customer ) in banking practice, this is very important to do to be able to identify transactions early suspicious, and minimize various risks, such as operational risk, legal risk, risk of concentrated transactions, and reputation risk. The method used in this research is an empirical legal research method, by taking the locus at BNI 46 Bima branch. novelty What is found from this research is a violation of the principle of confidentiality where the bank is allowed to know the identity of the customer related to the profile and the character of the Customer's transaction. The results and discussion show that BNI has 46 Bima branches apply Know Your Customer Principles. Know Your Customer Rules as set forth in PBI Number 3/10/PBI/2001 which was later amended by Bank Indonesia Concerning Application of Principles with Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 5/21/PBI/2003 Concerning the Second Amendment to Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 3/10/PBI/ 2001 concerning Application of Know Your Customer Principles . In implementing the principle of knowing your customer, banks can suspect transactions that are suspected of originating from the proceeds of crime, for example money smuggled, bribery, corruption crimes, labor smuggling, banking crimes. In addition, financial transactions that deviate from the profiles, characteristics or habits of the company's customer transaction patterns are also suspect. In conclusion, the principle of knowing your customer (know your customer principle) is one of the important principles in the world of banking and finance, which has been implemented by Bank BNI 46 Bima Branch referring to the policies and procedures implemented by financial institutions to ensure the correct identity and characteristics of their customers before provide financial services to them. However, this is precisely the opposite of the tradition of secrecy between the bank and its customers, which is the main pillar for building a trusting relationship between the bank and its customers.
The Existence of the Government Internal Supervisory Inspectorate (APIP) as an Internal Supervisor of Local Government Hariri, Achmad; Dedy Stansyah
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i2.2284

Abstract

Peran pemerintah daerah dalam mewujudkan negara kesejahteraan sangat besar, hal ini dikarenakan negara Indonesia dengan konsep negara kesatuan memilih asas desentralisasi, sehingga pemerintah daerah diberikan urusan pemerintahan oleh pemerintah pusat yang dikenal dengan istilah otonomi daerah, namun otonomi daerah sangat sulit terhindar dari praktik korupsi yang dilakukan oleh pejabat daerah, bahkan korupsi ini menjadi musuh besar yang sering menghantui pemerintah daerah. Hal ini disebabkan karena peran pengawas internal pemerintah tidak kuat, bahkan yang ada adalah sebagai bawahan dari kepala daerah. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana merekonstruksi sistem pengawasan pemerintahan di daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sistem pengawasan pemerintah daerah, jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis, dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini dalam rangka mengurangi terjadinya korupsi di pemerintah daerah adalah dengan cara memperkuat sistem pengawasan pemerintah daerah, antara lain; Pertama, aparat pengawas internal pemerintah harus diperkuat dengan undang-undang. Kedua, Paran DPRD juga harus dikembalikan sebagaimana ajaran trias politica Montesque, yaitu perannya sebagai kontrol terhadap pemerintah daerah dalam rangka mewujudkan Checks and Balances. Ketiga, Partisipasi Masyarakat juga memiliki peran penting untuk mencegah terjadinya praktik korupsi di pemerintahan daerah, karena dalam negara demokrasi tanpa adanya partisipasi masyarakat maka akan sulit untuk mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan daerah yang baik.     The role of local governments in realizing a welfare state is very large, this is because the Indonesian state with the concept of a unitary state chooses the principle of decentralization, so that local governments are given government affairs by the central government known as regional autonomy, but regional autonomy is very difficult to avoid corrupt practices carried out by regional officials, even this corruption is a big enemy that often haunts local governments. This is due to the role of internal government supervisors is not strong, even existing as subordinate to regional heads. The problem is how to reconstruct the peerintahan surveillance system in the regions. This study aims to analyze the local government supervision system, this type of research is a discriptive analysis, using a statutory approach (statute approach) and a conceptual approach (conceptual approach). The results of this study in order to reduce the occurrence of corruption in local governments are by strengthening the local government supervision system, including; First, the government's internal supervisory apparatus must be strengthened by law. Second, Paran DPRD must also be restored as the teaching of Montesque's trias politica, namely its role as a control of local government in order to realize Checks and Balances. Third, Public Participation also has an important role to prevent corrupt practices in local governments, because in a democratic country without public participation it will be difficult to realize good local governance.
Criminal Liability in Mob Attack Crimes Committed by Children Resulting in Death (A Case Study of Decision Number 22/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Smg) Satya Yovita Yogaswari; Wenny Megawati
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i1.2321

Abstract

Maraknya Anak melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yang terjadi di masyarakat sebagai indikasi sosial yang mengganggu kehidupan bermasyarakat. Salah satu tindak pidana pada Anak yang pernah terjadi pada wilayah hukum Pengadilan Negeri Semarang dengan Putusan Nomor 22/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Smg sebagaimana anak pelaku tindak pidana pengeroyokan oleh anak yang mengakibatkan kematian. Atas perbuatan yang dilakukan maka hakim menerapkan sanksi pidana penjara kepada anak dengan pidana penjara selama 4 bulan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pertanggungjawaban pidana dalam tindak pidana pengeroyokan oleh anak yang mengakibatkan kematian, serta dasar pertimbangan hukum bagi hakim dalam menjatuhkan putusan pidana terhadap pertanggungjawaban pidana dalam tindak pidana pengeroyokan oleh anak yang mengakibatkan kematian dalam Putusan Perkara Nomor: 22/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Smg. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus, yang didukung dengan data yang didapat dari data kepustakaan diantaranya buku-buku, peraturan perundang-undangan, serta Putusan Pengadilan. Data dikumpulkan dari sumber data sekunder dan sumber data primer, dimana data sekunder diperoleh dari bahan pustaka untuk mendukung atau menambah wawasan informasi, sedangkan sumber data primer berupa data pendukung tambahan wawancara.  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pertanggungjawaban pidana dalam tindak pidana pengeroyokan oleh anak yang mengakibatkan kematian dapat dilihat pengaturannya dalam Undang-Undang pasal 170 ayat (2) ke-3 KUHP dengan mengikuti ketentuan pidana penjara pasal 79 UU SPPA. Anak dipidana dengan ancaman ½ (setengah) dari ketentuan pasal 170 ayat 2-3 KUHP. Kata Kunci :  Pengeroyokan, Anak, Pertanggungjawaban     The rise of children committing acts against the law that occur in society is a social indication that disrupts community life. One of the crimes against children that has occurred in the jurisdiction of the Semarang District Court with Decision Number 22/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Smg as the child who is the perpetrator of the crime of beating by a child which results in death. For the actions committed, the judge imposes prison sentences on children with imprisonment for 4 months. The purpose of this study is to determine criminal responsibility in the crime of beatings by children which results in death, as well as the legal basis for judges in imposing criminal decisions on criminal liability in the crime of beatings by children which results in death in Case Decision Number: 22/Pid.Sus-Anak/2018/PN Smg. The type of research used is normative juridical research with a statutory approach and a case approach, which is supported by data obtained from library data including books, laws and regulations, and court decisions. Data were collected from secondary data sources and primary data sources, where secondary data were obtained from library materials to support or add insight into information, while the primary data source was in the form of additional supporting data from interviews. Based on the results of the study, criminal responsibility in the crime of beatings by children which resulted in death can be seen in the provisions in Article 170 paragraph (2) of the 3rd Criminal Code by following the provisions of imprisonment in Article 79 of the SPPA Law. Children are punished with the threat of ½ (half) of the provisions of Article 170 paragraph 2 3 of the Criminal Code. Keywords: Beatings. Child, Accountability.
The Role of Witness and Victim Protection Agency for Imekko Tribe in Criminal Justice System in Sorong Wahab Aznul Hidaya
Law and Justice Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023): Law and Justice
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/laj.v8i2.2363

Abstract

Keterangan saksi merupakan salah satu alat bukti yang sah dan sangat penting dalam setiap perkara pidana. Pentingnya hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari banyaknya kasus yang tidak dapat diselesaikan karena kurangnya alat bukti, terutama keterangan saksi. Ancaman kekerasan dan intimidasi yang sering diterima oleh saksi dan korban menjadi alasan utama mengapa banyak dari mereka yang tidak mau terlibat langsung dalam memberikan keterangan atas tindak pidana yang terjadi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis empiris dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan perlindungan saksi dan korban diawali dengan pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban. Dalam implementasinya, kebijakan perlindungan saksi dan korban di Indonesia didasarkan pada konsep perlindungan hukum terhadap saksi di Amerika Serikat sebagai model acuan. Meskipun telah ada regulasi yang mengatur tata cara pengajuan perlindungan saksi dan korban, namun masih terdapat beberapa kendala dalam perlindungan saksi dan korban. Beberapa kendala tersebut antara lain adalah posisi Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) yang masih berpusat di ibu kota, sehingga akses dan pelayanan terhadap saksi dan korban di daerah terkadang kurang maksimal.     Translated with DeepL.com (free version)Witness statement is one of the legal evidence and is very important in every criminal case. Its importance can be seen from the number of cases that cannot be resolved due to lack of evidence, especially witness statement. Threats of violence and intimidation that are often received by witnesses and victims are the main reasons why many of them do not want to be directly involved in providing testimony on criminal acts that occur. This research uses empirical juridicial method with data collection techniques through interviews and literature studies. The research concluded that the implementation of witness and victim protection policy begins with the implementation of Law No. 31/2014 on Witness and Victim Protection. In its implementation, witness and victim protection policy in Indonesia is based on the concept of legal protection of witnesses in the United States as a model of reference. Although there are regulations governing the procedures for applying for witness and victim protection, there are still several obstacles to witness and victim protection. Some of these obstacles include the position of the Witness and Victim Protection Agency (LPSK) which is still centered in the capital city, so that access and services for witnesses and victims in the regions are sometimes less than optimal.  

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