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Hardyanto Soebono
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30323134     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/inajbcs.v56i01.11961
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences (InaJBCS) aims to promote the translational of basic research into clinical studies and of clinical evidence into practice. InaJBCS publishes studies that substantially enhance our standing of disease etiology and physiology; the development of prognostic and diagnostic technologies; trials that test the efficacy of specific interventions and those that compare different treatments. InaJBCS invites authors to submit articles in the fields of biomedical sciences including biomedical genetics, bioinformatics, cardiovascular medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatrics, infectious diseases, medical oncology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology, and phytomedicine medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 116 Documents
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When delays become lethal: A case report of a rare and fatal complication in traumatic carotid cavernous fistula Yuddy Imowanto; Dwiwardoyo Triyuliarto; Putra, Rico Wicaksana; Fatah Abdul Yasir
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.20562

Abstract

Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare complication that can be easily missed after blunt traumatic brain injury. It is defined as an abnormal arteriovenous shunt between the carotid artery or its branches with the cavernous sinus. Most cases are traumatic in origin and although not typically life-threatening, carry a risk of serious complications. One of the most fatal complications is spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), occurring only 0.9-2.6% of cases. We report a rare case of a 27 yo female, who sustained traumatic brain and craniofacial injuries in a motor vehicle accident 25 d earlier. She presented with gradual loss of consciousness following ophthalmic symptoms that began 5 d prior to admission. Imaging confirmed the presence of ICH as a complication of traumatic CCF. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of traumatic CCF and its potential complications. Diagnosis is challenging due to its rare occurrence with variable time interval for symptoms to develop (ranging from several hours to years after the initial injury), non-specific symptoms that may mimic other conditions, and delays in seeking care. Delayed diagnosis can be fatal, leading to visual loss, cerebral infarction, and haemorrhagic events. Rapid recognition and prompt management of traumatic CCF are crucial for preventing complications and achieving complete resolution with low rates of morbidity and mortality.
Maculopapular drug eruption with histopathological features of psoriasiform drug eruption in a patient with psoriasis vulgaris: a case report Djuanda, Kevin Jonathan; Nyoman Suryawati; I. G. A. A. Elis Indira; Herman Saputra
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.23282

Abstract

Maculopapular drug eruption in patient with psoriasis are rarely reported and require close monitoring during oral corticosteroid therapy due to the potential risk of flare following dose reduction or discontinuation. A 47-yo male with a history of psoriasis vulgaris on cyclosporine therapy developed erythematous patches with scaling following the administration of amoxicillin, mefenamic acid, and antitetanus injection after a nail puncture injury. Vital signs were within normal limits. Dermatological examination revealed multiple well-demarcated erythematous macules, patches, and papules with geographic patterns measuring 0.6×0.9 cm to 2.5×4 cm, some confluent, accompanied by white scales and desquamation. Histopathological findings were consistent with psoriasiform drug eruption. The Naranjo score for amoxicillin was 4, showed a possible correlation. A diagnosis of maculopapular drug eruption suspected to be induced by amoxicillin was established. Clinical improvement observed following the administration of oral corticosteroids, cyclosporine, antihistamines, and emollients. The diagnosis of maculopapular drug eruption requires correlation of rash onset and drug initiation as well as monitoring of symptom resolution after drug discontinuation the suspected drug. Histopathological examination may support the diagnosis, with the presence of eosinophils serving as an indicator of drug-induced etiology. Management of maculopapular drug eruption in patients with psoriasis includes withdrawal of the suspected causative agent, symptomatic therapy, systemic corticosteroids, and immunosuppressive treatment as indicated.
Effect of oyster mushroom powder on total leukocyte during inflammatory and proliferative phases of the wound healing process of third-degree burns model in Wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus) Elfiah, Ulfa; Mochammad Amrun Hidayat; Elly Nurus Sakinah; Candra Agung Wibisana; Ramadhani, Alfiyah; Apryanita, Hudayah
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.24919

Abstract

Burn wounds are challenging to treat because they often heal slowly and are susceptible to complications. The inflammatory phase plays an essential role in the repair process. However, prolonged inflammation can delay tissue healing. The total leukocyte count is an important parameter to evaluate the process, as it reflects the balance between inflammation and the initiation of tissue regeneration. Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) contain β-glucans and phenolic compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may help regulate leukocyte activity and promote wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oyster mushroom powder on total leukocyte counts during burn wound healing in Rattus norvegicus. Twenty-seven healthy male rats aged 2-3 mo were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 9 rats in each group. The negative control group received aquadest, the positive control group received bovine serum albumin, and the treatment group received 10% oyster mushroom powder. All groups received identical topical wound management with 1% silver sulfadiazine ointment to prevent infection and maintain a moist wound environment during healing. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 4, 8, and 12 after burn induction, and leukocyte counts were measured. The results showed that the treatment group consistently had lower leukocyte counts compared with control groups. On day 0, the treatment group had significantly lower leukocyte levels compared with the negative control (p = 0.019). On day 8, leukocyte counts in the treatment group were also significantly lower than the positive control (p = 0.030). By day 12, all groups showed a decrease, but the treatment group demonstrated the most gradual and stable reduction over time. In conclusion, oyster mushroom powder reduces leukocyte levels and supported a more controlled inflammatory phase, allowing faster progression to proliferation and improved burn wound healing.
Establishing the diagnosis of fournier gangrene using the modified laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC) score in children: A case report Qomariah, Laily Noor; Asri Yuniarti; Triyoga; He-Yeon Asva Nafaisa; Agnes Sri Siswati
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.16216

Abstract

Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a form of necrotizing fasciitis that affects the genital and perineal areas. It is rare case in children and is often difficult to diagnose early, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive management are essential to reduce life-threatening complications. We report 2 mo. male infant presented with fever and an abrupt onset of rapidly spreading erythematous rash. Laboratory examinations showed leukocytosis, anemia, neutrophilia, hyponatremia, and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. An evaluation was performed using the pediatric laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis (P-LRINEC), a modified version of the LRINEC score. The patient had a total score of 10, indicating a high risk of necrotizing fasciitis. The patient underwent immediate debridement and empirical antibiotic therapy. A 2 wk post-therapy evaluation showed significant clinical improvement. Fournier’s gangrene in children often resembles other skin infections, making early diagnosis difficult. The 3 main characteristics of FG are sudden onset, rapid progression, and lack of a clear specific cause. The P-LRINEC score is a diagnostic tool that can aid in the early detection of FG in children. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and management of Fournier’s gangrene in children using the P-LRINEC score, which is more appropriate for pediatric patients, to enable timely intervention. Increased clinical awareness and further validation through larger-scale studies are needed.
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and their secretome in peripheral nerve regeneration: a narrative review promising therapeutic strategy Sumarwoto, Tito; Hadinoto, Seti Aji; Romaniyanto; Rhatomy, Sholahudin; Utomo, Pamudji; Idulhaq, Mujaddid; Santoso, Asep; Suroto, Heri
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.24055

Abstract

The injuries of peripheral nerves remain a substantial clinical challenge because of their limited regenerative capacity, the complexity of nerve repair, and limitations of current treatment strategies. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) and their secretome have shown promise as regenerative treatments due to their distinct biological characteristics. This review explores the possibility of UC-MSCs and their secretome in promoting peripheral nerve regeneration, by their action mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and current preclinical - clinical evidence. UC-MSCs have proven to be capable of support Wallerian degeneration, improving axonal growth, reducing inflammation, and improving functional recovery in both animal models and early clinical studies. Their secretome has been shown to promote neuroprotection and functional repair, avoiding the risks of receiving a direct stem cell transplant. Challenges remain in standardizing UC-MSC-based therapies, ensuring long-term safety, and enhancing delivery strategies. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the efficacy, safety, and scalability of UC-MSC therapies for widespread clinical use. UC-MSCs and their secretome provide a unique, cell-free and cell-based strategy to peripheral nerve regeneration. Future advancements in biomaterial integration, gene editing, and personalized medicine will be essential to implementing these treatments in clinical settings.
Modulation of inflammatory pathways in ischemic stroke rats by hypoxia-primed umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs): Implications for IFN-γ and IL-10 signaling Fahreza, Rakha; Setiawan, Eko; Trisnadi, Setyo; Putra, Agung; Hidayah, Nurul; Fikriya Novita Sari; Ibrahim, Sugeng
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.24529

Abstract

Ischemic stroke is a major global cause of disability and mortality. Inflammation plays a central role in its pathogenesis, characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and reduced anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-10. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), especially those derived from the umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), exhibit enhanced immunomodulatory potential when preconditioned under hypoxia. This study aims to evaluate the effect of hypoxic-preconditioned UC-MSCs administration on IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in an ischemic stroke rat model. This in vivo experimental study employed a randomized posttest-only control group design with four groups of male Wistar rats (n=6 each), ranging from healthy controls, untreated group to stroke-induced groups treated with hypoxic UC-MSCs at different doses (1.5x106 and 3x106). IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in brain tissue of each group were measured via ELISA. Significant reduction in IFN-γ and elevation in IL-10 were observed in UC-MSC-treated groups, particularly at the 3×10⁶ cell dose compared to the untreated ischemic group (p<0.05). Hypoxic UC-MSCs reduce post-stroke inflammation by lowering IFN-γ and enhancing IL-10, indicating a promising immunomodulatory potential.
The relationship between the quality of life diabetic patients with family function and social support at the Endocrine Polyclinic of the Dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital (RSUDZA), Banda Aceh Maha, Inike Gujamela; Yani, M.; Juwita; Salawati, Liza; Syahrizal; Muhammad Antor Riady; Agus Hendra Al Rahmad
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.18108

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, non-communicable disease that affects patients quality of life (QoL), which can be influenced by family function and social support. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship betweenfamily function social support, and QoL of patients with DM at the Endocrine Polyclinic of RSUDZA Banda Aceh. This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design, employing convenience sampling methods of 96 respondents and using self-report instruments. Data were analyzed using the Spearman test at a 95% confidence interval and α=0.05. The results showed that 86.2% of respondents had good family function, 72.9% had good social support, and 82.3% had a good QoL. There was a significant relationship between familyfunction, social support, and quality of life (p<0.05). In conclusion improving family functioning and social support may enhance the QoL of patients with DM.
Safety and efficacy of ontamalimab in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and dose- response meta-analysis Setyobudi, Assyadilla Kirana; Yudianto, Valentino Ryu; Hariftyani, Arisvia Sukma; Gatot Soegiarto
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.20500

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, involve chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The incidence of IBD has been increasing globally, posing a growing burden despite advancements in treatment. Novel therapies targeting adhesion molecules such as MAdCAM-1 show promise by specifically inhibiting lymphocyte infiltration into the gut, potentially offering safer and more effective treatment options. This meta-analysis and systematic review were conducted to provide efficacy and safety analysis of ontamalimab for IBD treatment. Dose-response (DRMA), network (NMA), and random effect meta-analysis were conducted to extract clinical response, clinical remission, biomarker change, and adverse events of ontamalimab. Studies were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE to describe the pooled risk ratio (RR) and heterogeneity was determined if I2 >50%. RoB2 tool and ROBINS-I were used to assess risk of bias in RCT and clinical trial studies, respectively. The result was considered significant if p<0.05. A total of 670 studies were screened, resulting in 8 multicentre studies. There were significant differences in clinical response (RR: 1.39; 95%CI: 1.12–1.73; p = 0.003; I2= 35%), clinical remission (RR: 1.72; 95%CI: 1.17–2.53; p=0.006; I2= 26%), mean change of FC (RR: 624.29; 95%CI: 543.28-705.29; p<0.001; I2= 0%), mean change of CRP serum (RR: 9.71; 95%CI: 7.12–12.3; p<0.001), and mean MAdCAM-1 serum level (RR: 235.57; 95%CI: 203.80–267.33; p <0.001) between ontamalimab 75 mg and placebo after 12 wk of treatment. Meanwhile, adverse events from both groups were similar to those observed in patients treated with either placebo or ontamalimab. This study concluded that ontamalimab 75mg demonstrated significant efficacy in treating IBD, achieving superior outcomes in clinical response and clinical remission compared to placebo. Importantly, no cases of PML and significant adverse events were detected, indicating a favorable safety profile relative to other anti-MAdCAM-1 therapies.
Clinical effects of Spirulina supplementation on hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis Budi Gunawan, Made Favian; Soetomo, Cindy Thiovany; Darmayasa, Putu Bagus; Paramyta, I Gusti Ayu Cintya; Jayakusuma, I Putu Prabawa; Gunawan, I Made Indera
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i1.23573

Abstract

Anemia during pregnancy continues to pose a significant burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Anemia is a major contributor in increasing maternal illness and negative pregnancy outcomes. Spirulina, a nutrient-dense blue-green alga rich in bioavailable iron, has gained attention as a potential nutritional intervention to support hemoglobin improvement in pregnancy. This systematic review and meta-analysis, adhering to PRISMA standards, sought to assess the impact of Spirulina supplementation on improving hemoglobin levels among pregnant women. A single-arm meta-analysis was performed to assess the change in hemoglobin levels before and after Spirulina supplementation, while a comparative meta-analysis evaluated the mean difference in hemoglobin improvement between Spirulina and standard iron supplementation. Four eligible studies involving 1,070 pregnant women were included. The single-arm analysis demonstrated a significant increase in hemoglobin levels following Spirulina supplementation, with a pooled mean difference (MD) of 1.81 g/dL (95% CI: 0.24 - 3.39; p = 0.024). In the comparative analysis, Spirulina showed a non-significant trend toward higher hemoglobin than standard iron, with a pooled MD of 1.45 g/dL (95% CI: –0.22 - 3.13; p = 0.088). Risk of bias was low to moderate, and the overall certainty of evidence was classified as moderate. These findings suggest that Spirulina may be a promising adjunct for improving maternal hemoglobin, particularly in settings where local cultivation and food-based approaches are preferred. Further high-quality randomized trials are recommended to ascertain its clinical efficacy and inform policy on its integration into maternal nutrition programs.
Immune status in pregnant women against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A scoping review Adzkia, Qonita; Maria Jeniffer Ann Siburian; Yunivita, Vycke
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i1.23622

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern, especially in vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women. Changes in the immune system in pregnancy may impair the individual’s ability to withstand this infection. The objective of this scoping review was to systematically map the available literature regarding alteration of the immune response, specifically cytokines profiles, in pregnant women with or without TB. We conducted a systematic search of four databases (PubMed, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, and Scopus). Studies reporting on cytokine measurements in pregnant women with TB were included. Two reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts and full texts against predefined eligibility criteria. Data were charted on study characteristics, population, and reported cytokine outcomes. From 1.320 records, 14 studies were ultimately included based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Pregnant women with TB were shown to have reduction in adaptive proinflammatory response, mainly by the decrease of IFN-γ and IL-2 levels in the latter stage of pregnancy. However, this still remains conflicted due to several studies that state otherwise. Other cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-17, and TGF-β, show a notable depletion in the concentration suggesting the enhancement of the vulnerability of pregnant individuals. Interestingly, there is a rise in the number and function of innate immune cells, which can be seen from the elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IP-10, MCP-2, and antiinflammatory cytokine, which is IL-1ra. This scoping review provides an overview of the current evidence landscape. It highlights methodological heterogeneity and inconsistent reporting as major challenges in drawing definitive conclusions. The findings underscore the need for more standardized, longitudinal studies to clarify the immune dynamics in pregnant women with TB. This map can guide future primary research and systematic reviews.

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