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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Published by Pustaka Media Publishing
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30255244     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy (IJSP) accepts scientific articles as original research articles, short communication, reviews, and mini-reviews from anyone without any discrimination, as long as they submit articles that meet scientific principles. Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy publishes various scientific articles covering Science and Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences. The following are the field within the scope of Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy: Chemistry, Biology, Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Pharmaceuticals, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Natural Product Development, Management Pharmacy, Clinical-Community Pharmacy, Microbiology Pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 61 Documents
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Association Between Knowledge Level and Pain Self-Medication Behavior Among Residents of Sabungan Nihuta IV Village, Sipahutar District, North Tapanuli Kasan, Harsan Arifin; Lestari, Meliani Dwi; Siburian, Elsa
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.155

Abstract

Self-medication is a common practice, particularly in rural areas with limited access to healthcare services. Analgesics are among the most frequently used medications for pain management; however, inappropriate use may lead to drug-related problems due to insufficient knowledge. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge level and pain self-medication behavior using analgesics among residents of Sabungan Nihuta IV Village, Sipahutar District, North Tapanuli Regency. This research employed a quantitative cross-sectional design with a sample of 78 respondents selected using cluster random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that most respondents had a good level of knowledge (79%), while the majority demonstrated moderate self-medication behavior (54%). Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between knowledge level and self-medication behavior (p = 0.000 < 0.05). In conclusion, knowledge level is significantly associated with self-medication behavior. Strengthening community education is necessary to promote rational, safe, and responsible use of analgesics.
Potential of Instant Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) as an Immunomodulatory Agent against Viral Infections: A Systematic Narrative Review Firmansah, Moh.; Thaher, M Iman Tarmizi; Palungan, Juliana; Dewa, Sima Asmara; Rahmah, Winda Wahyu Setya; Arta, Alfa Frista; Fauziyah, Ageng Hasna
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.160

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased public interest in traditional herbal medicines, particularly instant temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), as immune-boosting agents. This systematic narrative review evaluates the immunomodulatory and antiviral potential of temulawak's bioactive compounds, especially curcuminoids, in the context of instant herbal formulations. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct using Boolean operators. From 247 initial records, 38 articles met the inclusion criteria. Evidence demonstrates that curcuminoids exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2, influenza, hepatitis B/C, dengue, and HIV through inhibition of viral entry, replication, and modulation of NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Immunomodulatory effects include enhanced macrophage function, T-cell modulation, and cytokine balance regulation. A notable case report showed C. xanthorrhiza consumption led to HBsAg seroconversion in a chronic hepatitis B patient. However, critical gaps persist regarding the specific efficacy of instant formulations, bioavailability challenges of curcumin in processed forms and the absence of rigorous clinical trials on temulawak instan specifically. Future research should prioritize standardized formulations, bioavailability optimization, and clinical validation to bridge the translational gap between in vitro evidence and practical herbal applications.
Association Between Antihypertensive Medication Adherence and Quality of Life in Hypertensive Patients Hutagaol, Sherly H.; Sibagariang, Ayu; Pardosi, Naomi
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.161

Abstract

Hypertension is a chronic non-communicable disease known as a “silent killer” that can reduce patients’ quality of life if not properly managed. Medication adherence is a key determinant of therapeutic success and prevention of complications. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between adherence to antihypertensive medication and quality of life among hypertensive patients at Porsea Regional General Hospital. This study used a quantitative observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 57 hypertensive patients were selected using accidental sampling. Medication adherence was measured using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, while quality of life was assessed using WHOQOL. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that 35.1% of respondents had high adherence, while most respondents had moderate quality of life. Statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between medication adherence and quality of life (Sig. = 0.049; p > 0.05). In conclusion, adherence to antihypertensive medication was significantly associated with quality of life in this population. However, improving adherence remains important to prevent complications and optimize patient outcomes.
Drug Utilization Pattern in Osteoarthritis Patients at Porsea Regional Hospital Togatorop, Baharuddin; Tamba, Rosanto; Pangaribuan, Daniel
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.162

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that causes chronic pain and functional limitations, particularly in elderly populations. This study aimed to describe the pattern of drug utilization in OA patients at Porsea Regional General Hospital. This descriptive observational study used a retrospective approach based on outpatient and emergency medical records from March to May 2025. A total of 75 patient cases were selected using stratified random sampling. Variables analyzed included patient characteristics, comorbidities, types and classes of OA drugs, concomitant medications, and polypharmacy categories. The results showed that most patients were female (73.34%) and aged ≥60 years (65.53%). The majority had comorbidities (90.67%), with one to three conditions. The most frequently used OA drugs were non-selective NSAIDs, particularly diclofenac sodium (54.67%), followed by COX-2 selective inhibitors (meloxicam, 45.33%), paracetamol (10.67%), and opioid combinations (tramadol-paracetamol, 4.00%). Concomitant medications included vitamins/supplements (90.67%) and gastrointestinal drugs (85.33%). Major polypharmacy was observed in 81.33% of patients. In conclusion, OA patients were predominantly elderly women with high comorbidity and polypharmacy rates, and treatment was mainly dominated by NSAIDs.
The Effect of Family Support and Flash Card Education on Medication Adherence Among Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Fitriani, Anita; Budi, Setia; Agustina, Ani
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.166

Abstract

Suboptimal medication adherence remains a major challenge in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus among older adults, particularly in primary healthcare settings with limited long-term monitoring. Limited understanding of medication use and low family involvement are frequently associated with poor adherence behavior. This study aimed to assess changes in medication adherence following the implementation of family support and flash card–based education among elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted involving 88 purposively selected participants. Medication adherence was measured using a validated instrument. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare pre- and post-intervention scores, Spearman correlation to examine the association between family support and adherence, and multiple linear regression to identify contributing factors. The results showed a significant increase in adherence scores after the intervention (p<0.001). Family support was moderately associated with medication adherence (r=0.462). Furthermore, the combined variables explained 33.0% of the variance in adherence (R²=0.330). These findings suggest that family-oriented visual education may serve as a feasible pharmaceutical care approach to support medication adherence among elderly patients, although further controlled studies are needed to confirm causal relationships.
Impact of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy on Infection-Related Parameters in Burn Patients at Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital, Bandar Lampung Puspita, Okta; Meiliana, Made Laksmi
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.167

Abstract

Burn injuries increase the risk of infection due to disruption of the skin barrier. Therefore, empirical antibiotics are commonly administered during the early phase of treatment. However, evidence regarding changes in inflammatory parameters following therapy remains limited. This study aimed to analyze the effect of empirical antibiotic administration on inflammatory parameters in burn patients at Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital, Bandar Lampung. This retrospective observational study utilized medical record data from 79 burn patients, predominantly adult males. The parameters analyzed included leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts following empirical antibiotic therapy. All patients showed improvement in platelet counts (79/79). Improvements were also observed in lymphocytes (47/79), leukocytes (35/79), and neutrophils (30/79). Statistical analysis demonstrated significant associations between empirical antibiotic administration and all inflammatory parameters (p = 0.001). Variability in leukocyte and neutrophil responses may reflect systemic inflammatory processes beyond infection. Empirical antibiotic administration in burn patients, predominantly adult males, resulted in significant improvements in inflammatory parameters, with platelet count as the most consistent indicator. However, interpretation should consider the patients’ overall clinical status.
Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Leaf Extract: Effect of Precursor-to-Extract Ratio on Particle Size and Antioxidant Activity Annisa Humaira; Dikki Miswanda; Haris Munandar Nasution; Ainil Fitri Pulungan
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v3i3.174

Abstract

Copper nanoparticles are widely developed for their physicochemical and biological properties, and plant-based green synthesis offers an environmentally friendly alternative. This study aimed to synthesize copper nanoparticles using an aqueous leaf extract of Java plum (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) as a bioreductor and stabilizing agent, and to evaluate their antioxidant activity. The extract was obtained by hot-water extraction and mixed with Cu(NO₃)₂ solution at various precursor-to-extract ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). The dried material was characterized and phytochemically screened, the synthesized product was analyzed using a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH method. Phytochemical screening revealed flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and glycosides. Copper particle formation was indicated by a colour change to greenish-brown and precipitate formation. The smallest particle size (175.41 nm) was obtained at the 1:4 ratio, although still within the submicron range. The synthesized copper particles exhibited very strong antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ 41.24 µg/mL), higher than the extract alone (IC₅₀ 72.63 µg/mL). These results indicate that S. cumini leaf extract is a promising eco-friendly bioreductor for producing antioxidant-active copper particles, with further optimization needed to reach the nanoscale.
Adverse Drug Reactions and Patient Characteristics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients Receiving Antidiabetic Therapy at RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Surakarta Berliana Luthfiananda; Adhi Wardhana Amrullah; Rolando Rahardjoputro; Sophia Rose
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v4i1.179

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long-term antidiabetic therapy is necessary to achieve optimal glycemic control; however, prolonged medication use may increase the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), potentially affecting treatment outcomes and patient safety. Monitoring ADRs is therefore an important component of pharmacovigilance in diabetes management. This study aimed to determine the profile of ADRs associated with antidiabetic therapy among outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using the Naranjo Algorithm. A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Internal Medicine Outpatient Clinic of RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno, Surakarta, in May 2026, using a recall method to capture antidiabetic drug-related side effects experienced over the preceding three months. A total of 118 adult and elderly patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and receiving antidiabetic therapy were included. Data were collected through structured patient interviews and medical record review. ADRs were evaluated using the Naranjo Algorithm, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test. Among the participants, 10.2% experienced ADRs related to antidiabetic therapy, with symptoms of hypoglycemia being the most frequently reported manifestation. Most ADRs were classified as possible, with the remainder classified as probable, based on the Naranjo Algorithm. Fisher's exact test analysis showed that the results were not able to demonstrate a significant association between patient characteristics and ADR occurrence. A larger sample size and a multicenter design are recommended to improve the generalizability of future findings. These findings highlight the importance of routine ADR monitoring to enhance pharmacovigilance and improve the safety of antidiabetic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Detection of Oral Microbiome Bacteria in Smokers: A Preliminary Study Toward Potential Biomarkers for Oral Cancer Screening Tiara Lista Putri; Juniati Binti Lukman; Ade Irma; Wahdaniar Wahdaniar
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v4i1.181

Abstract

Oral cancer remains a significant global health problem, with high incidence and mortality rates. Smoking is known to disrupt the balance of the oral microbiota, which has been associated with an increased risk of oral cancer in previous studies. This exploratory, descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to detect the presence of Peptostreptococcus stomatis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, bacterial species previously reported to be associated with tumor microenvironment changes, in oral swab samples from smokers. Swab samples were collected from the soft palate of 9 smokers and 1 non-smoking control, followed by DNA extraction and detection using Real-Time PCR with species-specific primers and SYBR Green. Peptostreptococcus stomatis was the most frequently detected bacterium among smokers, found in 8 of 9 samples (88.9%), followed by Fusobacterium nucleatum (5 samples, 55.6%), Prevotella intermedia (3 samples, 33.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (1 sample, 11.1%); none of the target bacteria were detected in the single non-smoking control. These findings provide a preliminary description of periodontopathogenic bacterial presence in the oral cavity of smokers. Given the small sample size, the single comparator, and the absence of clinically confirmed oral cancer cases, this study cannot establish an association between these bacteria and oral cancer, nor confirm their utility as early-screening biomarkers; larger case-control studies including confirmed oral cancer patients are needed to evaluate this potential.
The Effect of the Aqueous Fraction of Avocado Seed (Persea americana Mill.) Extract on the Viability of T98G Glioblastoma Cells In Vitro Yundar Liana; Hijral Aswad; Wahdaniar Wahdaniar; Ade Irma
Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Pharmacy
Publisher : Pustaka Media Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63763/ijsp.v4i1.198

Abstract

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor and carries a poor prognosis. Current therapies are limited and often damage normal cells, so safer natural-based candidates are needed. Avocado seed (Persea americana Mill.) is an underused plant material rich in bioactive compounds with reported antioxidant and cytotoxic potential. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the aqueous fraction of avocado seed extract on the viability of T98G glioblastoma cells in vitro and to determine the most effective treatment concentration. The extract was obtained by maceration in 96% ethanol, followed by ethyl acetate–water fractionation to yield the aqueous fraction. Cells were treated with three concentrations (0.63, 1.25, and 2.50 mg/mL) for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay in three technical replicates, and the percentage of inhibition was analyzed descriptively. The cytotoxic effect was time-dependent. Mean inhibition increased from about 79% at 24 h to about 96% at 48 h, and to about 98% to 99% at 72 h. The highest inhibition was 98.79% at 1.25 mg/mL after 72 h. Increasing the concentration to 2.50 mg/mL did not raise inhibition further, and the differences among concentrations were small, so a clear dose-response relationship was not established. The aqueous fraction of avocado seed extract shows potential as a natural-based antiproliferative candidate against T98G glioblastoma cells. Further studies with biological replicates, inferential statistics, and phytochemical characterization are required to confirm its efficacy and mechanism.

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