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Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : 20877099     EISSN : 24076090     DOI : 10.25026/jtpc
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry is a Six monthly (June and December), international, open access, journal dedicated to various disciplines of pharmaceutical and allied sciences. Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry publishes manuscripts (Original research Article, review articles, Mini-reviews, and Short communication) on original work, either experimental or theoretical in the following areas: Pharmaceutics & Biopharmaceutics, Novel &Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanotechnology & Nanomedicine, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacognosy & Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Biotechnology & Microbiology, Pharmacy practice & Hospital Pharmacy, Pharmacogenomics, Pharmacovigilance, Natural Product Research, Drug Regulatory Affairs, Case Study & Full clinical trials, Biomaterials & Bioactive polymers, Analytical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 298 Documents
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Studi Pendahuluan Fitokimia Tanaman Koleksi Arboretum Legok Pulus Garut Retty Handayani; Ardi Rustamsyah; Farid Perdana; Setiady Ihsan; Deden Winda Suwandi
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i2.136

Abstract

Arboretrum is a botanical garden which is an open place where there are plants that have been labeled. The purpose of this research is the preliminary study on phytochemical content of secondary metabolite compounds on the leaves of the Legok Pulus Garut arboretum collection plant. the results of the study known twenty-two types of plants contained in Arboretum Garut contain various phytochemical compounds and can be used as collection and research base of medicinal plants. Keywords : arboretum, phytochemicals, secondary metabolites.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Air (Syzygium aqueum (Burm f.)Alston) terhadap Glukosa Darah, Ureum dan Kreatinin Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Joni Tandi
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i2.137

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus with complications of Diabetic Nephropathy become one of the most common cause of end-stage renal failure in the world. Impaired kidney function is measured by Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). Where the decline in GFR was followed by increased levels of blood glucose, urea and creatinine. This study aimed to determine whether there is the content of secondary metabolites in leaves of Sizygium aqueum leaf extract, at a dose of extract what impact the blood glucose, urea and creatinine levels of male rats and whether the water extract of guava leaves have an influence on the blood glucose, urea and creatinine white male rats. This study uses a randomized block design with six treatment groups consisting of five test animals. Group I was normal control (CMC Na suspension 0.5%). Group II negative control (streptozotocin 40 mg/kg). positive control group III (suspension glibenclamide). Group IV given guava leaf extract 100 mg/kg BW. V group awarded guava leaf extract 200 mg/kg BW. Group VI given guava leaf extract 300 mg/kg BW. Treatment was given for 28 days and measured levels of blood glucose urea and creatinine on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The results showed nefroprotektif effect on all groups and most effective extract are a group of guava leaf extract 100 mg/kg BW). Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy, urea, creatinine, Syzygium aqueum
Uji Aktivitas Trakeospasmolitik Ekstrak Etanol Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. pada Organ Terpisah Trakea Marmut untuk Melihat Efek Antiasma Emil Bachtiar Moerad; Swandari Paramita; Abdillah Iskandar; Sjarif Ismail; Moriko Pratiningrum; Hadi Irawiraman
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i2.139

Abstract

Asma merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronik saluran nafas yang ditandai dengan terjadinya hiperesponsif saluran nafas dan penyempitan saluran nafas secara reversibel. Asma hingga kini masih merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di dunia. Pemberian obat-obatan anti asma merupakan penatalaksanaan penyakit tersebut. Namun demikian terdapat masalah efek samping obat dan masalah biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk pembelian obat tersebut, apalagi asma merupakan penyakit kronis yang memerlukan pengobatan jangka panjang. Dengan demikian maka perlu pengembangan obat antiasma berbasis tumbuhan obat dengan biaya yang lebih terjangkau dan efek samping yang lebih sedikit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji potensi ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. yang secara tradisional digunakan etnis Dayak sebagai obat batuk. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat aktivitas trakeospasmolitik ekstrak etanol C. asiatica pada organ terpisah trakea marmut untuk melihat efek antiasma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak C. asiatica memiliki aktivitas trakeospasmolitik yang signifikan jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif. Meskipun nilai E maks C. asiatica lebih rendah daripada aminofilin, namun nilai EC50 tidak jauh berbeda dengan aminofilin sebagai kontrol positif. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol C. asiatica memiliki efek antiasma berdasarkan aktivitas trakeospasmolitiknya. Kata kunci: Centella asiatica, spasmolitik, organ terpisah trakea
Persepsi, Efektifitas, dan Keamanan Penggunaan Rokok Elektrik (E-Cigarette) oleh Perokok Aktif sebagai Terapi dalam Smoking Cessation: Mixed Methods dengan Pendekatan Studi Kuantitatif dan Kualitatif Amelia Lorensia; Ananta Yudiarso; Findry Rafsanjani Herwansyah
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i2.142

Abstract

Rokok merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab gangguan kesehatan terbesar di dunia. Kerugian dalam hal kesehatan dan ekonomi tersebut maka program berhenti merokok (smoking cessation) menjadi pilihan utama pengobatan bagi perokok. Kini banyak perokok beralih menggunakan rokok elektrik (e-cigarette) yang meningkat pesat perkembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali lebih dalam mengenai persepsi, efektifitas dan keamanan penggunaan rokok elektrik oleh perokok aktif dalam usahanya untuk berhenti merokok. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan mix method, dengan tahap metode deskriptif dan tahap interpretatif phenomenologi analysis (IPA) dalam mengamati persepsi, efektifitas, dan keamanan. Responden yang terlibat sebanyak 47 orang, yaitu pengguna rokok elektrik yang sebelumnya pernah menggunakan rokok biasa (tembakau). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan partisipan menganggap rokok elektrik efektif membantu dalam proses smoking cessation. Rokok eletrik terbukti mengurangi frekuensi penggunaan rokok tembakau (25%) dan menyebabkan berhenti merokok (75%). Sedangkan sebagian besar responden tidak mengalami efek samping (66,66%), dan efek yang dilaporkan adalah tenggorokan terasa kering dan batuk (33,33%). Kesimpulannya rokok elektrik diyakini mampu membantu proses smoking cessation walaupun efektifitas dan keamanannya masih membutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut. Kata Kunci: persepsi, efektifitas, keamanan, rokok elektrik, smoking cessation
Aktivitas Antioksidan Senyawa Kumarin Ter-O-Geranilasi dari Akar Limonia acidissima L. Tjitjik Srie Tjahjandarie; Ratih Dewi Saputri; Mulyadi Tanjung
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i2.143

Abstract

Five O-geranylated coumarins namely as auraptene (1), 7-((2’E,6’E)-5’-hydroxy-3’,7’-dimethylocta-2’,6’-dienyloxy)coumarin (2), 7-(2’E,5’E)-7’-hydroxy-3’,7’-dimethylocta-2’,5’-dienyloxy) coumarin (3), 6-methoxy-7-oxygeranylcoumarin (4), and 8-oxygeranylpsoralen (5) were isolated from the roots of Limonia accidissima L. Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic data such as UV, IR, MS and NMR. Compounds 1–5 were evaluated for their radical scavenging against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), showing their IC50 were 462; 13; 260; 210 and 234 µg/ml, respectively. Keywords: Limonia accidissima L., O-geranylated coumarins, antioxidant activity, DPPH
Mechanism of Vasorelaxation Induced by Coptosapelta flavescens Stems Extract in Rat Thoraric Aorta Sjarif Ismail; Khemasili Kosala; Ika Fikriah; Agustina Rahayu Magdaleni
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 2 (2017): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i2.146

Abstract

Coptosapelta flavescens Korth. is a liana plant from the Rubiaceae family. In East Kalimantan, it is also known as “Akar Tambolekar” or “Merung”, it is called “akar” or root as its trunk spreads like a root. The plant’s stems are used by ethnic Dayak in East Kalimantan to overcome high blood pressure and it has been proven to induce vasorelaxation on blood vessels, but the its action mechanism in the endothelial or vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are unknown. Vasorelaxation on the blood vessels could be mediated by endothelial or by the VSMC. This research aims to study in vitro which of them is the mechanism of action of Coptosapelta flavescens Stems (CFS) extract. CFS were taken from the secondary forest in Paser Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Its simplicia were macerated with methanol solvent for three days and twice repeated. Vasorelaxation activity of the blood vessels was tested with rats’ isolated thoracic aorta with endothelial and with the endothelial removed (endothelium-denuded). Both aorta of 3 mm length were soaked into Krebs-Henselheit solution at 37°C, pH 7.4 and aerated with carbogen gas. After they have acclimatized, both aortas were contracted with phenylephrine solution, after reaching peak contraction and plateau, the solution of extract or its solvent (Control) was administered in cumulatively increasing doses. The results show that CFS extracts induce vasorelaxation both in the endothelial-intact aorta and in the endothelial-denuded aorta. At high concentrations, the vasorelaxation activity in the endothelial-intact aorta was weaker than that on endothelial-denuded aorta. This study proves that action mechanism of blood vessels’ vasorelaxation induced by the methanol extract of CFS were more dominantly mediated by the blood vessels smooth muscle; and at high concentrations the endothelial actually weakened the VSMC vasorelaxation activity. Further study is necessary on the mechanism of action vasorelaxation through the modulation of intracellular or extracellular calcium ion channels of VSMC Keywords: Coptosapelta flavescens, vasorelaxation, extract, aorta, in vitro
Evaluation of Synergistic Effect of Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome Extracts on the Antibiotic Activity Antibiotics against Bacterial Pathogens Almira Fahrinda; Sjarif Ismail; Khemasili Kosala; Ika Fikriah; Yuniati Yuniati
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 3 (2018): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i3.148

Abstract

Background: aromatic ginger rhizome (Kaempferia galanga L.) is a member of Zingiberaceae family, has been known to have an antibacterial effect is used for everyday cooking spices, but the synergistic effect on broad spectrum antibiotics was unknown. Objective: this research was conducted to find out the synergistic effect of Kaempferia galanga L. Rhizome extract (KGR) on some broad-spectrum antibiotics against gram positive and negative bacterial pathogens in vitro. Method: KGR was taken from farmers in Samarinda City, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Extraction by maceration with ethanol solvent. Antibacterial activity test of KGR ethanol extract, antibiotic and synergistic effect using Mueller-Hinton agar, Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on ampicillin, cefuroxime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and meropenem antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Results were expressed in percentage increase of the inhibition zone. Statistical test with t-test, significantly different if p<0.05. Results: KGR ethanol extract showed increase the percentage of antibiotic inhibition zone, ampicillin being the highest and the weakest of ciprofloxacin in E. coli; meropenem being the highest and the weakest of ciprofloxacin in S. aureus, statistically significant different tests on antibiotic ampicillin (E. coli), meropenem and cefuroxime. Conclusion: KGR ethanol extract showed synergistic effect on antibiotic ampicillin (E. coli), meropenem and cefuroxime in S. aureus and E. coli.
Screening of Active Compounds from Artemisia annua using HFC-134A Subcritic Extraction System Arthur Lelono; Sabar Simanungkalit; Ibnu Umarudin; Herlan Herdiawan
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 3 (2018): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i3.149

Abstract

Artemisia annua is known as the source of artemisinin, a sesqueterpene lactone possessing endoperoxide moeity with antiplasmodium activity. Sub-critical extraction of artemisinin from Artemisia annua using R134a solvent was conducted. A close system cycle process was constructed to investigate the ability of R134a to extract artemisinin together with other active compounds. Artemisinin and other isolated compouds yield was investigated at 30°C and presure process at 10 barr, with variation of process time. The extracted product was analysed as artemisinin as the target compounds with several isolated compounds as by product. Artemisinin content was reported ranging up to 0,5%, and the sub critic system was reported to be more efficient and effective comparing to other conventional extraction methods. The phytonics HFC-134a sub critics process can be used for extraction in selected pharmacologically active products from herbal plants.
Aphrodisiac Activity of Ethanol Extract of Cratoxylum sumatranum (JACK) Blume Stems on Isolated Rat Corpus cavernosum Sjarif Ismail; Meiliati Aminyoto
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 3 (2018): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i3.150

Abstract

Cratoxylum sumatranum (Jack) Blume of the Hypericaceae family is known as “Bentaleng” by Dayak Benuaq. In ethnobotany, Cratoxylum sumatranum stems (CSS) is used as energy drink or aphrodisiac, but its effect has not been scientifically proven. Research objective to study the aphrodisiac activity of CSS extract by screening the aphrodisiac activity in vitro. Method: CSS was collected from Kutai Kertanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province. Extraction was by maceration with ethanol solvent for three days. Re-maceration was done twice. In vitro screening of aphrodisiac activity used isolated rat corpus cavernosum. The organ was placed into a 10 mL chamber containing Krebs-Henselheit solution at pH 7.4, 37°C and aerated with carbogen gas. After acclimation, a contraction test was performed with phenylephrine solution and after reaching the peak of contraction at plateau the Control (solvent extract) or CSS ethanol extract was administerd at cumulatively increased concentration. Vasodilation activity was known if the contraction response was decreased after the extract’s administration and expressed in percent contraction with negative value. Results: CSS ethanol extract induce vasodilatory response on rat Corpus cavernosum blood vessels. Vasodilation activity is increasing with increasing concentration of extract given compared to Control. Conclusion the aphrodisiac activity of CSS ethanol extracts is directly through the vasodilation action mechanism on blood vessels in the rat corpus cavernosum.
Effect of Ethanol Extract of Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) URB on Anaerobic Bacterial Prophyromonas gingivalis In Vitro Siti Nur Azizah; Sinar Yani; Sjarif Ismail; Masyudhi Masyudhi; Endang Sawitri
Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry Vol. 4 No. 3 (2018): J. Trop. Pharm. Chem.
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia, 75117, Gedung Administrasi Fakultas Farmasi Jl. Penajam, Kampus UNMUL Gunung Kelua, Samarinda, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25026/jtpc.v4i3.151

Abstract

Periodontitis is an inflamation of supporting tissues on teeth that became the main cause of Prophyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) bacteria. Treatment of periodontitis is by giving antibacterial agent therapy. Plants that have antibacterial effects one are Eleutherine bulbosa (UEB) bulbs from the Iridaceae family. This plant has been used for ethnobotany boils drugs and has been known to have antibacterial activity toward against intestinal pathogen bacteria that is anaerobic Gram Negative, but still unknown its activity against on oral pathogenic bacteria such as P. gingivalis. The purpose of this study was to know the effect of UEB extract on the growth of P. gingivalis bacteria as in vitro. UEB is taken from agriculture center in Samarinda city. UEB Simplisia was tested for antibacterial activity using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on BHI-A media supplemented with vitamin K and hemin. The bacteria which used were P. gingivalis ATCC® 33277. Blank disc 6 mm with nine concentrations attached to BHI-A medium, incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C in an anaerobic atmosphere, then sprayed MTT (3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenylttetrazoliumbromide) reagent and read a few moments later. For comparison, then used Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) 2 mg/ml. The statistical analysis with t-test and there was significant different if p<0.05. The result showed that the higher concentration of UEB ethanol extract will increase the growth inhibition zone of P. gingivalis bacteria and reach maximum at 10 mg/ml concentration. The result of t-test showed no difference significant of P. gingivalis bacterial inhibition zone in the treatment group of 7.5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml concentration on CHX group. This study proves UEB ethanol extract can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis bacteria.

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