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AGROEKOTEKNOLOGI

agroekoteknologi
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Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara

ISSN : 23376597 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Jurnal AGROEKOTEKNOLOGI merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan secara online berisikan hasil-hasil penelitian tentang hama dan penyakit tumbuhan, agronomi, pemuliaan tanaman dan ilmu tanah

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 943 Documents

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Genetic Diversity of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) of MTG Commercial Variety Based on Three RAPD Marker Frynando Purba Girsang; Lollie Agustina P. Putri; Rosmayati Rosmayati
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

MTG variety is “moderate resistant” oil palm variety to ganoderma disease, these variety is not totally resistant to ganoderma disease, it means can be attacked and has the same morphological with other variety, so need to analyzed with moleculer marker to see genetic differences. The aim of this study is to know the pattern of DNA bands of oil palm based on RAPD marker OPA-13, OPD-13, OPH-13. This study was conducted in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, from March 2017 to February 2018. Analyzed genetic materials were 26 DNA stocks of oil palm of commercial MTG variety from PT. Socfindo and resulted 100% of polymorphic percentage. The size of the DNA that produced a varied range between 424 to 2572 bp. Only 19 DNA samples that could be processed in software from the 26 DNA samples that analyzed, because there some samples that were not able to be amplified, so they did not meet the standardized precentage. Genetic distance measurement and dendrogram formation were analyzed using DARwin 6.0 software. The results of the analysis showed that 19 individuals were divided into three clusters with a total molecular diversity 49.87%. Coefficient of dissimilarity distance was 0 to 0,6.Key words: genetic diversity, RAPD markers, oil palm of MTG variety

Pengujian bakteri endofit asal cabai dalam menekan pertumbuhan F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici penyebab penyakit layu fusarium pada cabai Irma Handayani Sihombing; Mukhtar Iskandar Pinem; Irda Safni
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACTEndophytic bacteria are bacteria in plant tissues that do not cause disturbance in plants and can increase plant resistance to pests and pathogens as well increase plant growth. This study was aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from chili plants in suppressing the development of fusarium wilt disease caused by F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici and utilize the capability of several carriers as a medium for growing endophytic bacteria to be stored, transported and applied. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria in plant tissues that do not cause disturbance in plants and can increase plant resistance to pests and pathogens and increase plant growth. This study was aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from chili plants in suppressing the development of fusarium wilt disease caused by fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici. The in vitro antagonistic test results showed that the most effective endophytic bacteria againts isolate of F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici was BE 12 isolate (20.41%). Isolate BE 12 which reacts positively to the fluorescence test has an effect in inhibiting the growth of mycelium from fungus F. oxysporum f.sp. capsici because the endophytic bacteria belong to P. fluorescens produces pyoluteorin and pyrrolnitrin compounds that are toxic to pathogen. The characteristic of morphology of all endophytic bacterial isolate a were circular colony with white colour,and flat elevation and undulate margin. Isolates of BE 2, BE 4 and BE 12 were Gram negative, while the other were Gram positive.

Eksplorasi cendawan endofit pada akar tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) sebagai agens hayati jamur akar putih (Rigidoporus microporus (Swartz; Fr)) di kabupaten Asahan Inni Izzati; Lahmuddin Lubis; Hasanuddin Hasanuddin
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT Endophytic fungi are known be able to produce secondary metabolites that often impact on the growth of its host, such as enhance its growth and increasing the resistance of plant to biotic and abiotic stress condition. This research was aimed to isolate and test endophytic fungi which have potency as biocontrol agents against Rigidoporus microporus on rubber tree. The research was conducted at Plant Disease Laboratory, Program Study of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas of Sumatera Utara, Medan from September 2017 to February 2018. It was done by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial. The results indicated there were 8 genus of fungi (Rhizoctonia sp., Penicillium sp., Gliocladium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp., Mucor sp. dan Fusarium sp.) from roots of rubber tree in Asahan that have potency as biological agent to control R. microporus in rubber tree. The best results were obtained on genus Aspergillus sp. with inhibition zone was 81,11%.

Pengaruh Frekuensi Penyiraman Terhadap Total Luas Daun Pada Beberapa Jenis Bibit Unggul Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jacq.) Yang Bermesokarp Tebal Di Main Nursery Umur 4 Sampai 7 Bulan Roy Marulitua Tampubolon; Irsal Irsal; Charloq Charloq
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Watering is a method that used to fulfill the water needs of oil palm seedlings in the nursery. In watering that must be considered is the quality and amount of water given and the right watering time. The aim of this research was conducted the Influence of frequency of watering to several types of seeds of high oil palm (Elaeis quineensis Jacq.) that thick mesocarp in the Main Nursery 4 until 7 month. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan (± 32 meters above sea level), which began from September to November 2017. This Research was conducted by using a Factorial Randomized Complete Design with two factors. The first factor is watering consists of in the morning (1 time) and in the morning & evening (2 times), the second factor is varieties of oil palm that thick mesocarp consists of Avros, Simalungun and PPKS 540. The observation parameters is the total leaf area. The results showed that frequency treatment of watering is not significant but the varieties of oil palm that thick mesocarp significanly different Avros to Simalungun and PPKS 540 and interaction both had no significant effect on the growth of oil palm seedlings.

Identifikasi Karakter Morfologis Dan Hubungan Kekerabatan Beberapa Genotipe Kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) Di Kabupaten Langkat Sumatera Utara ADITYA PRAKOSO; Hot Setiado; Lollie Agustina P.Putri
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Identification of morphological characteristics and phylogenic relationship used to identify the best coconut characters that can be used as elders and germplasm. The purpose of this research was to identify the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of several genotypes of coconut in Pangkalan Brandan districts, Pangkalan Susu districts and Sei Bingei districts Langkat regency North Sumatera. The research was conducted from April to Mei 2018 by descriptive survey method based on coconut descriptor of International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) using accidental sampling. This result showed that in research area there were 13 genotypes of dwarf coconut and 14 genotypes of tall coconut. The morphological characteristics were found for crown shape viz (spherical, hemispherical, X-shaped ‘silhouette’), flower shape (normal and additional spathes or bracts), and fruit size (ovoid, almost round, oblate). The closet phylogenetic relaationship is AP16 and AP2 with coefficient euclidean 3,464 and farthest phylogenetic relationship is AP20 and AP22 with coefficient euclidean 10,488. Phylogenetic relationship of between genotypes of coconut in Pankalan Brandan Districts, Pangkalan Susu Districts and Sei Bingei Districts Langkat regency still have a close level relationship. Keyword : coconut, morphological characteristics, phylogenic relationship, Langkat regency

Ketertarikan lalat buah (Diptera: Teprhidate) pada senyawa atraktan yang mengadung protein dan ketinggian perangkap berbeda pada tanaman jeruk edra robson; syahrial oemry; Marheni Marheni
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRACT Fruit flies is an important pest for citrus. This research was aimed to determine the effect of (Bractocera dorsalis Hendel.) fruit flies against attractant compounds that contain protein and the height of the trap on the number of catches of fruit flies in the planting of sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis L.). and differences in the sex ratio of fruit flies. This study used a non factorial randomized block design with 9 treatments namely: T0(compound ME 100 cm high), T1(ME compound and cocoa waste 85 cm high), T2(ME compound ME and cocoa waste 135 cm high), T3(ME compound ME and cocoa waste 185 cm high),T4(ME compound and cocoa waste 235 cm high), T5(ME compound and tempe waste 85 cm high), T6(ME compound and tempe waste 135 cm high), T7(ME compound and tempe waste 185 cm high),and T8(ME compound and tempe waste 235 cm high). The results showed that the : type of fruit fly trapped was species of B. dorsalis. In the week four, it was found that the largest population of fruit flies was trapped 155 imago. Treatment cocoa waste was effective in trapping fruit flies in weeks 1-4 with a mean of 12,33 fruit flies and treatment tempe waste trapping fruit flies at week 5 with an average of 8,67 fruit flies. The trap height that is effective at trapping fruit flies is 85 cm. The number of male trapped were 443 males and 19 females with a ratio of 1: 17 and 1 : 26 sex ratio.

Keragaman Jamur Antagonis Pada Rhizosfer Karet (Hevea Brassiliensis Muell.Arg.) Sehat dan Terserang Jamur Akar Putih (Rigidoporus Microporus (Swartz: Fr) irma aryani; Lisnawita Lisnawita; Lahmuddin Lubis
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

The beneficial microorganisms in the rhizosphere are very abundant. This potential, especially antagonistic fungi can be used to control soil-borne pathogens, including in controlling white root rot disease which is a soil-borne pathogen. This study aims to determine the antagonistic fungal diversity of healthy rubber rhizosphare and infected with white root rot disease. This research was conducted in Plant Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara from October 2017 until March 2018. The research was conducted by collecting of soil samples from healthy rubber plant and infected white root rot disease in rubber plantation of Silomlom Village, Simpang Empat Sub-district, of Asahan Regency then soil samples were isolated in the Laboratory until obtained a pure fungi isolates and antagonistic test and identified to the genus level. The results showed that fungi obtained in healthy plant rhizosphere were Mortierella, Humicola, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Gliocladium, Penicillium, Trichoderma and on the plant rhizosphare attacted white root disease obtained fungi Trichoderma, Humicola, and Phialophora. The results of antagonistic test showed that the highest inhibition was Mortierella that was 90%, then Trichoderma was 71.85%, Aspergillus 66.46% and the lowest was Humicola 27.78%.

Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Untuk Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Di Kecamatan Kualuh Hilir Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara, Sumatera Utara Siska Diannita Simanungkalit; Jamilah Jamilah; Bintang Sitorus
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi dan menetapkan kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual dan potensial serta usaha perbaikan yang dapat dilakukan untuk tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) di Kecamatan Kualuh Hilir Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara, dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2017 sampai dengan Januari 2018. Metode penelitian berdasar kepada metode pencocokan oleh Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian Bogor, 2010 terhadap tanaman padi dan kelas kesesuaian lahan menurut Djaenuddin, et al, (2011). Pengirisian (overlay) pada peta jenis tanah, peta ketinggian tempat dan peta kemiringan lereng menghasilkan 3 (tiga) Satuan Peta Lahan (SPL). Kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual pada SPL 1 dan SPL 3 adalah sesuai marginal / S3 (nr) dengan faktor pembatas retensi hara yaitu kejenuhan basa dan pH. Permasalahan pada faktor pembatas tersebut dapat diperbaiki dengan penambahan bahan amelioran pada SPL 1 dan penambahan bahan organik atau pengapuran pada SPL 3 sehingga diperoleh kelas kesesuian lahan potensial pada SPL 1 dan SPL 3 adalah cukup sesuai /S2 (nr). Kelas kesesuaian lahan aktual pada SPL 2 adalah cukup sesuai/ S2 (nr) dengan faktor pembatas retensi hara yaitu kejenuhan basa dan pH. Permasalahan pada faktor pembatas retensi hara yaitu kejenuhan basa dan pH dapat dilakukan upaya perbaikan seperti penambahan bahan organik dan pengapuran sehingga diperoleh kelas kesesuian lahan potensial padi sawah pada SPL 2 adalah sesuai (S1).

Keanekaragaman Serangga Pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum Linn) dengan Budidaya Secara Semi Organik dan Konvensional Di Kabupaten Simalungun Ivayona Astari; Suzanna Fitriany Sitepu; Lisnawita Lisnawita; Setia Sari Girsang
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Serangan hama merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas bawang merah. Studi keanekaragaman serangga merupakan langkah awal dalam penanggulangan hama pada tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan keanekaragaman serangga pada tanaman bawang merah pada lahan dengan penanaman menggunakan sistem konvensional semi organik di Kabupaten Simalungun. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Karang Sari dan Desa Karang Rejo, Kecamatan Gunung Maligas, Kabupaten Simalungun dan kegiatan identifikasi serangga dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei, dilakukan pada lahan seluas 500. Pengamatan dilakukan sebanyak 7 kali, 1 kali pada saat persemaian, 1 kali sebelum transplanting ke lapangan, 3 kali pada masa vegetatif, dan 2 kali pada masa generatif. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan jaring serangga, perangkap kuning dan perangkap jatuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 9 ordo serangga yang terdiri dari 18 famili di lahan semi organik, sedangkan di lahan konvensional terdapat 10 ordo yang terdiri dari 16 famili. Indeks keanekaragaman pada pertanaman secara semi organik sebesar 2,277 dan konvensional sebesar 2,332 menunjukkan keanekaragaman sedang. Indeks Kemerataan pada pertanaman secara semi organik sebesar 0,595 dan konvensional sebesar 0,581 menunjukkan kemerataan di kedua tempat termasuk tinggi. Tidak ada spesies serangga yang mendominasi di kedua tempat menunjukkan keanekaragaman yang tinggi.

Keanekaragaman Serangga Hama Pada Perkebunan Kopi Arabikam (Coffea arabica L.) dan Robusta (Coffea canephora pierre.) di Desa Juma Lubang dan Desa Tumangger Kecamatan Sumbul Kabupaten Dairi Aidatul Oktavianda; Darma Bakti; Lisnawita Lisnawita
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Vol 7, No 2,April (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Keanekaragaman serangga hama pada perkebunan kopi arabika (Coffea arabica L.) dan robusta (Coffea canephora Pierre.) di Desa Juma Lubang dan Desa Tumangger Kecamatan Sumbul Kabupaten Dairi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman serangga hama dan musuh alami pada lahan pertanaman kopi arabika dan kopi robusta di Desa Juma Lubang dan Desa Tumangger Kecamatan Sumbul Kabupaten Dairi. Identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. Penelitian ini di lakukan pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 jenis perangkap serangga yaitu : sweep net, pitfall trap, yellow trap, light trap dan handpicking, dan diulang sebanyak enam kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan serangga yang tertangkap pada lahan pertanaman kopi arabika terdiri dari 8 ordo dan 27 famili. Nilai kerapatan relatif tertinggi pada lahan kopi arabika sebesar 38,326%, yang terendah sebesar 0,0629% dan indeks keanekaragaman Shanon-Weiner (H’) 2,17236 (sedang), sementara pada lahan pertanama kopi robusta terdiri dari 8 ordo 23 famili dengan nilai kerapatan relative tertinggi sebesar 68,2836%, yang terendah sebesar 0,07463% dan nilai indeks keanekaragaman serangga sebesar 1,32258 (sedang).

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