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Dita Arccinirmala
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INDONESIA
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,276 Documents
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Hasil Luaran Janin pada Kehamilan yang Terinfeksi Sifilis yang Diobati dengan Penicillin G: Tinjauan Sistematis: Analisis Nathaniel, Joshua; Simanjuntak, Tigor Peniel
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 1 (2025): Obstetri & Ginekologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i1.1297

Abstract

Background: Syphilis infection during pregnancy can cause congenital syphilis. Syphilis in pregnant women is treated with penicillin to prevent fetal infection and congenital syphilis. A systematic literature review is conducted to determine the efficacy of penicillin G by reviewing outcome parameters. Methods: A systematic literature review following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Results: Through searches on PubMed, Science Direct, and Cochrane using keywords ‘Antibiotics’, ‘Pregnancy’, ‘Syphilis’, and ‘Treatment’, 230 articles were found. Twenty-five articles were duplicates, 135 articles did not meet the inclusion criteria, 75 articles were literature reviews, and 58 articles were not related to pregnant women, resulting in 6 journals that met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: Penicillin G benzathine is the most common antibiotic used to treat syphilis in pregnancy. A total of 1,190 cases (26.26%) of congenital syphilis were found among 4,531 pregnant women infected with syphilis and receiving penicillin G benzathine therapy. The incidence of congenital syphilis was 2.4% in pregnant women who received therapy since the first trimester. The incidence of congenital syphilis increased 12 times if therapy was given in the second trimester and 33 times if given in the third trimester.
Pria 19 Tahun dengan Ginekomastia Unilateral: Laporan Kasus Angrella, Noviane; Hanifah, Lika; Pariding, Imanuel Taba
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 5 (2025): Kardiologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i5.1299

Abstract

Introduction: Gynecomastia is a condition of breast enlargement in men due to breast gland proliferation that is generally bilateral. Unilateral gynecomastia is rarely found in young adults. Case: A 19-year-old male presenting with right breast enlargement noticed within the past month. There was no pain, no breast discharge, and no hard lump when palpated. On physical examination, the right breast was larger than the left breast, without skin changes (peau d’orange, ulceration), nipple retraction, or any discharge. Glandular enlargement with a diameter of +5 cm, painless, tender, immobile, firm borders, no galactorrhea, no palpable lumps. Laboratory examination was within normal limits. The diagnosis was unilateral right gynecomastia. A simple mastectomy was performed on the right breast. Histopathologic findings supported the diagnosis of gynecomastia. Conclusion: Anamnesis and physical examination can establish the diagnosis of gynecomastia. Further laboratory and imaging evaluations are required to substantiate clinical suspicion or in unclear cases and to search for underlying causes.
Apendisitis Akut dalam Kehamilan: Laporan Kasus Utomo, Yudha Prasetyo; Wasistha, Farrel Uttu; Parinding, Immanuel Taba
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 5 (2025): Kardiologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i5.1304

Abstract

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common cause of non-obstetric surgical disease in pregnant women. However, clinical fndings may not be typical during pregnancy. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pregnancy is not straightforward as clinical signs may be mistaken for pregnancy-related symptoms. Case: An 18-year-old female G2P1A0, 10 weeks pregnant with lower middle abdominal continuous pain for 5 hours with nausea and vomiting twice and incomplete micturition. Vaginal bleeding and amniotic fuid discharge were ruled out. Physical examination revealed decreased bowel sounds, tenderness in the hypogastric, right iliac, and McBurney points, positive Dunphy, Psoas, and Obturator signs. With an Alvarado score of 7 and ultrasound results, acute appendicitis was diagnosed. An appendectomy was performed. Histopathological fndings suggest acute suppurative appendicitis. Conclusion: Appendicitis in pregnancy requires rapid and accurate diagnosis because the clinical symptoms are often considered to be symptoms of pregnancy.
Pendekatan Diagnosis Ensefalomielitis Diseminata Akut: Tinjauan Pustaka -, Felicia
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 2 (2025): Pediatri
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i2.1311

Abstract

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an acute neurological disorder characterized by demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). It can affect individuals of all ages, more commonly observed in boys with prior viral or bacterial infections and immunizations. ADEM typically presents with an acute and monophasic course of polyfocal neurological deficits. There are no specific symptoms in ADEM, clinical manifestations are based on the site of demyelination. Diagnosis relies on exclusion criteria as there is no definitive marker for diagnosing ADEM.
Perbandingan Efek Samping ARNI vs ACEi/ARB pada Terapi Gagal Jantung: Analisis Nuryanto, Anjar; Suwarni, Riana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 5 (2025): Kardiologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i5.1314

Abstract

Introduction: Pharmacological treatment of heart failure continues to develop. Newer drugs such as ARNI (angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor) have become standard for heart failure treatment. This systematic review aims to compare the side efects of ARNI with those of previous standard heart failure therapy. Methods: This research uses PRISMA rules to analyze articles from PubMed and Cochrane. Results: A total of 2,741 articles, excluding duplicates, were selected for title and abstract screening. Twelve articles met the requirements for thorough screening. Of the 12 articles, 4 articles were selected for systematic review analysis. There were 6,553 samples, 2,580 in the ARNI group and 2,390 in the ACEI/ARB group. ARNI was better in reducing the risk of decreased eGFR (RR: 0.51; 0.34-0.78) and the incidence of hyperkalemia (RR: 0.87; 0.76-0.99) but the risk of symptomatic hypotension was greater in the ARNI group (RR: 1.47; 1.23-1.70). Conclusion: The risk of hypotension as well as a reduced risk of cardiovascular death and rehospitalization was higher in the ARNI group, while the risk of decreased eGFR and hyperkalemia was higher in the ACEi/ARB group.
Tata Laksana Refluks Gastroesofageal pada Anak: Tinjauan Pustaka Diva Putra, Agus Indra Yudhistira; Ratih, Luh Putu Winansari; Limantara, Veronica Lily; Aurelya, Anira Rema; Arta, Komang Sutama; Tandiono, Erick Kusuma
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 4 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i4.1318

Abstract

Gastroesophageal reflux is common in adult population but mostly underdiagnosed in pediatric population. Diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux in children is difficult and may masquerade as other gastrointestinal disease. This review discusses the management of gastroesophageal reflux in children especially in primary health care center to facilitate initial treatment and referral as needed.
Pengaruh Status Refraksi terhadap Stereopsis Dekat pada Anak Usia Sekolah: Hasil Penelitian Wahyudi, I Nyoman Surya Ari; Wulandari, Lely Retno; Anandita, Nanda Wahyu; Sulistiyowati, Anny
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 3 (2025): Oftalmologi dan Dermatologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i3.1322

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the effect of refractive status on near stereopsis function among school-age children. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study in 13 orphanages in Malang city with 334 respondents. Visual acuity (VA) and inter-eye line difference were measured using LogMAR of LVRC chart. Refractive status was determined using spherical equivalent (SE) of autorefractometer, classified into emmetropia, myopia and hypermetropia (low, moderate, and high). Near stereopsis was measured using TNO and Butterfly test in arcsecond and completion time also calculated. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman test. Results: There were significant differences of refractive status and inter-eye line difference to both TNO and butterfly score and time (p<0.05). The group with more severe refractive status and more inter-eye line difference in VA have lower stereopsis score and longer completion time. There were no differences between the age group to both TNO and butterfly score and time (p>0.05). There was a positive correlation between TNO and butterfly test (p<0.05, r= 0.365). Conclusion: There is a significant difference of refractive status and inter-eye line difference on near stereopsis function in school-aged children. Stereopsis test may be beneficial for screening of refractive disorder.
Penerapan Model Prediktif untuk Hasil Meningitis Tuberkulosis: Analisis Perbandingan Pendekatan Pohon Keputusan dan Regresi Logistik Wijaya, Ferrdy Pratama; Mawuntu, Arthur H.P.; Muharomah, Sarah; Tumboimbela , Melke J.; Langi, F.L. Fredrik G.
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 4 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i4.1324

Abstract

Background: Tuberculous meningitis remains one of the most severe complications of tuberculosis infection. This study evaluated critical factors influencing mortality among tuberculous meningitis (TBM) patients and compared the predictive efficacies of logistic regression and decision tree models. Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis using medical records from 65 TBM patients at R.D. Kandou Hospital from January 2018 to July 2021. Patient outcomes were assessed with the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS), and the mortality risk was calculated. Key predictors of mortality identified by both multivariate logistic regression and the decision tree were compared using the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Result: Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified SGOT levels at admission (aOR: 1.06; CI95% 1.02-1.09; p=0.001), length of stay (aOR: 0.81; CI95% 0.71-0.92; p=0.002), and positive nuchal rigidity (aOR: 41.78; CI95% 3.41-512.27; p=0.004) as significant predictors of mortality. Decision tree analysis highlighted the British Medical Research Council (BMRC) stage, temperature, and potassium levels below 4.3 as critical predictors. Both models showed comparable predictive performance on the ROC curve, with no significant difference (0.85 vs. 0.95; p = 0.074). Conclusion: These results suggest that decision tree analysis is a viable alternative to logistic regression for predicting mortality in TBM patients, providing complementary insights into outcome-related factors. Further research is needed to refine these predictive models.
Penatalaksanaan Awal Takikardia Supraventrikular Paroksismal dengan Depresi Segmen ST pada Pengaturan Perawatan Primer: Laporan Kasus Suhardi, Kevin Fernando; Franky Kurniawan; Lusiani
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 6 (2025): Kesehatan Jiwa
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i6.1327

Abstract

Introduction: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common cardiac emergency that can be life-threatening. Symptoms may include palpitations, chest pain, and difficulty breathing. Case: A 50-year-old male with sudden palpitations since one hour ago, accompanied by chest pain and breathing difficulty. A 12-lead ECG revealed an SVT rhythm with ST-segment depression in leads II, III, aVF, and V2-V6. After initial interventions, which included carotid massage, Valsalva maneuver, and oral bisoprolol, the rhythm converted to sinus rhythm within an hour. ST-segment depression may occur during SVT, which warrants evaluation for ischemic etiology. Conclusion: The report focuses on the initial management of SVT in a primary care setting with constraints on equipment and referral facilities. It's important to note that changes in the ST segment in SVT do not always indicate myocardial infarction, and further examination is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
Mengoptimalkan Standar Mutu di Pharma 4.0 dengan Menerapkan Perilaku Mutu untuk Keunggulan di Era Digital: Tinjauan Pustaka Thomas, Steffen; Ananta, Rusli
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 2 (2025): Pediatri
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i2.1329

Abstract

The pharmaceutical industry is undergoing a significant transformation with the emergence of the Pharma 4.0 concept, driven by technological advancements such as the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), and robotic production systems (continuous manufacturing). One crucial aspect of this transformation is the need for strong data integrity (DI) to ensure the data reliability and security related to pharmaceutical product quality. In the era of Pharma 4.0, performance data from the pharmaceutical industry can be integrated to support real-time decision-making, the presence of DI is crucial to protect consumers and comply with industry regulations. The ALCOA+ principle is used to ensure the integrity of data throughout its lifecycle, including identification, sustainability, and availability of data. Quality behavior is needed to enhance self-awareness in the 4.0 transformation, especially with the increasing focus on cybersecurity and the rising number of data integrity cases, particularly in implementing the ALCOA+ principle. Quality behavior becomes crucial in addressing the challenges and opportunities presented by the Pharma 4.0 transformation and in maintaining data integrity in pharmaceutical industry.

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