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INDONESIA
Varied Knowledge Journal
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30265371     DOI : https://doi.org/10.71094/vkj
Varied Knowledge Journal (VKJ) is a multidisciplinary journal publish 4 issues a year with online version of E-ISSN 3026-5371 and can be accessed openly. This journal is a peer reviewed, open access, scientific and scholarly journal which publishes research papers, review papers, case reports, case studies, books review, thesis, dissertation works, etc. VKJ journal provides a means for ongoing discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scope of the journal that can be examined empirically. This journal publishes research articles covering multidisciplinary sciences, including humanities and social sciences, education, religious sciences, philosophy, economics, engineering sciences, and health sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 140 Documents
The Effect of GPM on Rice Price Volatility in Indonesia: Evidence from Provincial Data with Agricultural Controls Nur Afini; Tri Haryanto
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.243

Abstract

Rice price volatility remains a critical challenge for food security and economic stability in Indonesia. This study examines the effect of the Gerakan Pangan Murah (GPM) on rice price volatility using provincial-level panel data with monthly observations from 2023 to 2024. To obtain consistent and unbiased estimates, this study employs a dynamic panel data approach using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), specifically the System GMM estimator, which addresses potential endogeneity and captures the persistence of price movements. The model incorporates key agricultural control variables, including rice production, rainfall, and the farmer terms of trade (NTP), representing supply conditions and farmer welfare. The results indicate that rice price volatility exhibits strong persistence over time. After controlling for endogeneity, GPM does not have a statistically significant effect on price volatility, suggesting that the program is more responsive to market conditions rather than functioning as an effective stabilization instrument. In contrast, rice production and rainfall significantly increase price volatility, while NTP tends to reduce it, although with weaker statistical significance. These findings imply that structural factors play a more dominant role than short-term policy interventions in shaping rice price dynamics in Indonesia.
Pergeseran Otoritas Pedagogis Guru di Era AI Generatif: Sistematis Literatur Review dalam Perspektif Manajemen Mutu Pendidikan Masduki Ahmad; Dailami Firdaus; Heni Rochimah; Wulandari Wulandari
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.251

Abstract

This study examined the shift in teachers' pedagogical authority in the era of generative artificial intelligence (AI) from the perspective of educational quality management. The research was motivated by the increasing use of generative AI by students in learning activities, which not only supports academic tasks but also challenges teachers’ roles, academic integrity, and learning quality. A systematic literature review was conducted using a structured article selection process. Data were collected from 13 reputable scientific articles published between 2023 and 2025 and analyzed through thematic coding. The findings indicate that students primarily use generative AI for academic writing, information retrieval, content comprehension, problem-solving, coding, and multimodal content production. Teachers’ pedagogical authority has shifted from being the main knowledge source to roles including ethical guidance, AI literacy mentorship, information validation, authentic assessment design, collaboration facilitation, and risk management in digital learning. The implications suggest that educational quality in the AI era heavily depends on teachers and institutions managing AI use critically and responsibly. Generative AI can enhance personalized learning, access to information, learning effectiveness, and collaboration; however, without pedagogical oversight, it may increase dependency, weaken cognitive processes, and threaten academic integrity.
Analisis Mitigasi Risiko Pembiayaan Rahn di BMT NU Jatim Cabang Klampis Bangkalan Luk Lu’us Syarifah; Farid Ardyansyah; Trischa Relanda Putra
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.258

Abstract

Rahn financing in Islamic microfinance institutions is exposed to various risks that may affect institutional operational stability, including financing risk, operational risk, liquidity risk, and Sharia compliance risk. This study aims to analyze the risk mitigation strategies implemented in rahn financing at BMT NU East Java, Klampis Branch, Bangkalan. The study is motivated by the need for effective risk management to maintain financing quality and minimize the occurrence of non-performing financing. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which consists of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The analysis was further supported by NVivo 12 Pro software to facilitate systematic data coding and categorization. The findings indicate that the primary risks in rahn financing include financing risk (credit risk), operational risk, liquidity risk, and Sharia compliance risk. Risk mitigation efforts are carried out through the implementation of the 5C+1S principles (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral, Condition of Economy, and Sharia Compliance), conservative collateral valuation, periodic monitoring, and a persuasive family-oriented approach. Collateral execution is applied as a last resort in resolving non-performing financing. These strategies have proven effective in reducing risks and maintaining institutional stability. The study also reveals that social and family-based approaches constitute a distinctive characteristic of risk mitigation practices in BMTs as Islamic microfinance institutions.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Teks Prosedur Bermuatan Kearifan Lokal Mandailing untuk Siswa Kelas XI SMK Kesehatan Imelda Ritonga Uci Rahmadhani; Muharrina Harahap; Fitriani Lubis
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.273

Abstract

This study aims to develop instructional materials for writing procedural texts based on Mandailing local wisdom for eleventh-grade students at Imelda Ritonga Health Vocational High School and to examine their feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness in Indonesian language learning. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, expert validation, and learning achievement tests. The research participants included a subject-matter expert, an instructional design expert, an Indonesian language teacher, and eleventh-grade students. The product developed was a procedural text writing module that integrates Mandailing local wisdom through the context of preparing the traditional food Itak Poul-Poul. The validation results indicated that the instructional materials were categorized as highly feasible, with an average score of 91.5%. The practicality test showed very positive responses from both teachers and students, with an average percentage of 92%. Furthermore, the effectiveness test revealed an improvement in students’ learning outcomes, as demonstrated by an increase in the average score from 68.40 on the pretest to 85.70 on the posttest. These findings indicate that the developed instructional materials can enhance students’ procedural text writing skills while introducing local cultural values. Therefore, the instructional materials are considered valid, practical, and effective, and they have the potential to support the preservation of local culture through education.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Cerita Rakyat Bermuatan Kearifan Lokal Sumatera Utara Berbantuan Media Komik Digital Untuk Siswa Santa Hoky Hutagalung; Mara Untung Ritonga; Wisman Hadi
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.285

Abstract

This study aims to describe the development process, assess the feasibility, and determine the effectiveness of teaching materials for writing folklore integrated with the local wisdom of North Sumatra and supported by digital comic media for seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Pasaribu Tobing. The study employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of the stages of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The development process began with a needs analysis involving teachers and students, followed by the design phase, development of learning materials and digital comic media, expert validation, implementation, and product evaluation. The validation results indicated that the teaching materials were categorized as highly feasible, with material expert assessments ranging from 93.9% to 95.1%, design expert assessment at 94.8%, and Indonesian language teacher assessment at 95%. The trial results showed very positive student responses, reaching 91.6% in the small-group trial and 92.7% in the large-group trial. The effectiveness of the teaching materials was demonstrated by the improvement in students’ learning outcomes after using the developed product. In addition to enhancing students’ folklore writing skills, the teaching materials also promoted the values of North Sumatran local wisdom, such as Dalihan Na Tolu, marsiadapari, holong, mutual cooperation, responsibility, and respect for others. Therefore, the developed teaching materials were found to be highly feasible and effective for use in Indonesian language learning.  
Analisis Potensi Outdoor Education Tracking di Kabupaten Sumedang Berdasarkan Marketability, Sustainability, Participation, dan Disaster Mitigation Rakafadni Historian; Aam Ali Rahman; Ayi Suherman; Rizal Ahmad Fauzi; Dewi Susilawati
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, August 2026 - In Press
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v4i1.286

Abstract

Sumedang Regency has great potential for developing tracking-based sport tourism due to its mountainous geography and improved regional connectivity through the construction of the Cisumdawu Toll Road. However, the management of this sport tourism has not been well integrated, particularly in terms of hiking trail management, facilities, and community participation. This study aims to explore the phenomenon of tracking in Sumedang through the MSP+DM (Man, Sport, Place, and Destination Management) approach to identify the most potential mountains, provide recommendations for superior tracking destinations, identify optimal facilities, and formulate strategies to increase tourist visits. This study employed a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, focusing on three tracking destinations in Sumedang Regency, namely Mount Manglayang, Mount Kerenceng, and Mount Tampomas. Informants consisted of hikers, guides, trail managers, and tourism officials. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, and subsequently analyzed using the Moustakas phenomenological model. The findings reveal that Mount Manglayang excels in marketability and accessibility, Mount Kerenceng demonstrates strengths in sustainability through strong community participation, while Mount Tampomas stands out in visitor participation and the preservation of local cultural values. These findings indicate that the development of sport tourism in Sumedang should prioritize strengthening digital promotion, improving environmentally friendly facilities, and enhancing collaboration among local communities, tracking organizations, and government stakeholders. This study contributes to expanding the understanding of phenomenology-based sport tourism in Indonesia and provides an empirical foundation for the development of sustainable eco-sport tourism destinations.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Menulis Cerita Fantasi Bermuatan Kearifan Lokal Berbantuan Flipbook pada Siswa Kelas VII MTs Negeri Padang Lawas Utara Rezky Pandai Yani Tanjung; Syairal Fahmy Dalimunthe; Rosmawaty Rosmawaty; Safinatul Hasanah Harahap
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.287

Abstract

This study aims to develop teaching materials that integrate local wisdom using flipbooks, and to test their feasibility and effectiveness in Indonesian language classes focused on writing fantasy stories for seventh-grade students. This study is an R&D (Research and Development) study that uses the ADDIE model, evaluated by subject matter experts and design experts as validators, involving 26 seventh-grade students from MTs Negeri Padang Lawas Utara as the sample. The research results are as follows: (1) the development product is teaching materials developed with local wisdom using a flipbook, complete with content on writing fantasy stories, including structure, building elements, linguistic rules, and steps for writing fantasy stories; (2) the developed instructional materials were rated as highly suitable by the validators, with an 89% approval rate from subject matter experts and an 86% approval rate from design experts; and (3) the developed product proved effective when used in seventh-grade Class 1 instruction, with an average pretest score of 71 and a posttest score of 88. In general, it can be concluded that teaching materials incorporating local wisdom for writing fantasy stories have proven to be highly suitable and effective for use as supplementary teaching materials in fantasy story writing instruction, particularly for seventh-grade students at MTs Negeri Padang Lawas Utara.
Pengembangan E-Modul Interaktif Teks Prosedur Berbasis Budaya Lokal untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Multikultural Siswa Fase D Sanrais Josua Saragih; Wisman Hadi; M Oky Fardian Gafari
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, May 2026
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v3i4.313

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a local culture-based interactive e-module on procedural texts that is valid, practical, and effective in improving the multicultural literacy of Phase D students at SMP Negeri 6 Medan. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of the Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation stages. The research subjects were seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Medan. Data were collected through observations, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest assessments. The results indicated that the developed product was a digital flipbook-based interactive e-module containing procedural text materials integrated with the local culture of North Sumatra and supported by images, videos, interactive quizzes, drag-and-drop activities, glossaries, and learning exercises. The validation results showed that the e-module was highly feasible, with a material expert validation score of 89.2% and a media expert validation score of 92.5%. Practicality testing yielded scores of 87.5% in the small-group trial and 91.7% in the large-group trial, both categorized as highly practical. The effectiveness of the e-module was demonstrated by the improvement in students’ multicultural literacy, with the average score increasing from 61.62 in the pretest to 82.34 in the posttest and an N-Gain score of 0.54 (moderate category). Furthermore, students’ procedural text learning outcomes improved with an N-Gain score of 0.58 (moderate category). Therefore, the local culture-based interactive procedural text e-module is considered feasible, practical, and effective as a digital learning resource for enhancing the multicultural literacy of Phase D students.
Pengembangan Komik Digital Berbasis Segitiga Restitusi untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bernalar Kritis dan Karakter Mandiri Siswa Sekolah Dasar Ni Wayan Asri Udayani; Sukardi Sukardi; Moh Irawan Zain
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, August 2026 - In Press
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v4i1.300

Abstract

This study was motivated by the need to develop innovative instructional media that integrate character education with digital technology at the elementary school level. A digital comic based on the Restitution Triangle was designed to address students' limited critical reasoning skills and low learning autonomy, which often rely on external control. By presenting reflective restitution-based scenarios, the media encourages students to evaluate their actions and develop intrinsic motivation for learning. This study aimed to develop a digital comic that meets the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving the critical reasoning skills and independent character of fifth-grade students at SDN 4 Terara. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Data were collected through expert validation, user response questionnaires, and field testing using a pretest-posttest control group design. The findings indicate that the developed media is highly valid, highly practical, and significantly effective in enhancing students' critical reasoning and independence, as confirmed by the t-test results (p = 0.001 < 0.05). Therefore, the Restitution Triangle-based digital comic is a feasible and effective instructional medium for fostering the Pancasila Student Profile through a reflective positive discipline approach.
The Existence and Perception of the Acehnese Towards the Myth of Bek Ria That Humaira Anwar; Nurlayli Yanti; Zurahmi DE
Varied Knowledge Journal Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Varied Knowledge Journal, August 2026 - In Press
Publisher : CV. Global Cendekia Inti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71094/vkj.v4i1.334

Abstract

This study examines the existence and perception of the Acehnese people regarding the mythical phrase bek ria that, a prohibition against expressing excessive pleasure or joy. There is an urgent need to examine this research because of the gap between culture, which should be a source of welfare in life, and the meaning of this myth, which seems to prohibit happiness. This study aims to describe the existence and perception of the Acehnese people regarding the bek ria that myth. The approach used is a mixed methods approach with an ethnographic method, where data is collected through questionnaires, participatory observation, and in-depth interviews. The results of the study show that the myth of bek ria that is a sentence that has consequences for not being done by others. The existence of this myth in society is as a social heritage, a normal integration mechanism, and a collective representation. In addition, the study also shows a decline in understanding of the meaning of this myth among the younger generation in Aceh. This study also shows a shift in conception from magical beliefs to rationality. In addition, the religious discourse in this myth also makes it acceptable and perpetuated by society. It is very significant because it provides scientific contributions to social-cultural studies, psychology, and collective beliefs.