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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 10 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 16, No. 2" : 10 Documents clear
The Essence of Telemedicine for Bridging the Gap in Health Services Wiweko, Budi; Zakirah, Sarah Chairani; Luthfi, Atha
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This study aimed to review the essence of telemedicine in this modern era of technology and innovation, especially in developing countries. It also investigated the regulation aspect as the main component for healthcare services. There were five main categories of telemedicine: revenue stream and technology literacy, health facilities, human resources, data authorization and security, and health protocol. Furthermore, when combined with wearable devices, it enhanced healthcare delivery opportunities. There were two major components of global electronic health, namely telehealth and health informatics, based one-commerce and e-learning systems. The World Health Organization (WHO) has been able to describe the roles of telehealth services in developing countries.However, some related issues were needed to be well managed, such as the patient data security. It was found that the regular training and evaluation of people with poor educational background, low income, and stress were the main reasons most communities attend healthcare services despite mild sickness.Therefore, those need to be enlightened on the roles and importance of telehealth services.
The Determinants of Stunting for Children Aged 24-59 Months in Kulon Progo District 2019 Hendraswari, Chatrine Aprilia; Purnamaningrum, Yuliasti Eka; Maryani, Tri; Widyastuti, Yani; Harith, Sakinah
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Abstract

This study pertains to stunting in children in Indonesian with z-scores of less than -2 Standard Deviation (SD) and less than -3 SD. The preliminary study results showed the highest prevalence of stunting to be 22.6%, at the Temon II Primary Health Care in Kulon Progo District. The study aimed to assess the determinants of stunting children aged 24–59 months. This study was conducted from September 2018–May 2019. The design of this study was analytical observational with study design case-control. The sample was 60 children aged 24–59 months. The method utilized proportional sampling, whereas the data analysis applied chi-square and logistic regression.The analysis of statistical tests showed a significant correlation between the stunting children and energy intake factor (p-value = 0.030; α = 0.05; CI = 95%). Risk factors were energy intake, protein intake, suffering from acute respiratory tract infections, and suffering diarrhea. A non-risk factor was immunization status. Protective factors were access to clean water and the history of exclusive breastfeeding. The most influential factor for stunting children aged 24–59 months was energy intake.
A Path Analysis Model for Explaining the Factors Influencing Wearing a Mask among Commuting Workers Using Commuter Line Bogor-Jakarta Kusmawan, David; Andari, Shofi; Gustina, Ira; Susilowati, Indri Hapsari; Wirawan, Mufti
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Abstract

Jakarta is one of the most air-polluted cities in the world, which can increase the health risk of commuting workers exposed to pollutants. This study aimed to determine the factors that directly and indirectly affect healthy behavior (wearing a mask) for commuters using the Bogor-Jakarta Commuter Line. Furthermore, a total of 155 respondents participated and the data collected were analyzed using descriptive and path analysis. The commuters aware of the hazard potential related to air pollution during commuting were 137 people (88.4%). While 104 people (67.1%) were aware of the good perception of pollution and 125 uses masks during commuting (80.6%). The healthy behavior in commuting workers using Commuter Line was affected by some factors, both directly and indirectly. The knowledge and commuting experience toward healthy behavior were two variables that significantly influenced on healthy behavior. The knowledge was also the only mediated variable with a significant indirect effect of education on healthy behavior.
Empowering Health Cadres to Support Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Patient to Enroll in Treatment Febriani, Esty; Wibowo, Adik; Kak, Neeraj; Jassim Al Mossawi, Hala
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a big challenge globally, while the involvement of health cadres’ constitutes one of the key strategies for the TB program in Indonesia. These roles were further expanded to providing support to DR-TB patients. This study was a qualitative study, conducted in 2015 to explore the various factors which influence the performance of health cadres’ in supporting DR-TB patients to enroll in treatment. A total of 39 informants consisting of 24 health cadres, three nurses, four DR-TB patients, and three family members, two peer support, a head of primary health care, and two TB staffs from the District Health Office were recruited for this study. Meanwhile, a refresher training for health cadres was conducted regarding knowledge on TB, community support, effective communication, as well as patient tracing. There was no significant difference in the pre and post-test results; however the health cadres showed great capability in communicating and assessing the condition of patients. In addition, the health cadres assisted in carrying out patient tracing process, an important initial step to better understand patients' overall condition and identify problems faced while seeking treatment. Health cadres need to work with various parties such as family members, close relative to the patient, peer support groups, and nurses to encourage patients to enroll in treatment.
National Health Insurance Scheme: Internal and External Barriers in the Use of Reproductive Health Services among Women Martha, Evi; Lestari, Herna; Zulfa, Resvi Siti; Sopamena, Yoslien
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Abstract

Lack of familiarity among the community, medical workers, and administrative staff regarding reproductive health services covered by Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) or the National Health Insurance (NHI) in Indonesia remained a problem. Therefore, this resulted in sub-optimal use of the medical services, as shown by surveys from the Women's Health Foundation for three consecutive years (2015-2017). This qualitative study was conducted with a Rapid Assessment Procedure design in three cities within Indonesia: Padang Pariaman, Manado, and Kupang. Data were collected through IDIs (n = 47informants) and 6 FGDs (7 persons/group). Participants also consisted of NHI RHS users (mothers and young women), administrative officers at health facilities, medical services providers, and officials related to the NHI assistance. Data were managed using NVivo version 2.0 software, accompanied by thematic analysis. The internal barriers in NHI use included inadequate knowledge of RHS covered by NHI, and a culture of shame in informants. External barriers included additional costs for medicines not covered by NHI, the dissatisfaction of health services provided by medical workers, busy work and household activities, and lack of women's role in decision-making within families, which related to reproductive wellness.
Prevalence and Determinants of Pre-lacteal Feeding: Insights from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey Nurokhmah, Siti; Masitoh, Siti; Werdani, Kusuma Estu
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Pre-lacteal feeding is widely known as a distraction to exclusive breastfeeding, and the malpractice continues to be prevalent in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the potential determinants of pre-lacteal feeding among mothers of infants below 24 months. A sample of 6,455 mother-infant pairs from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) was used. Also, multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with pre-lacteal feeding practice. In Indonesia, 44% of infants were introduced to solid/liquid feeds in their first three days of life. Infant formula was the most common pre-lacteal feed given, followed by any other milk, plain and sugar water, and honey. Early initiation of breastfeeding and living in an urban area was protective method against pre-lacteal feeding (AOR: 0.24; 95%CI: 0.21-0.28; AOR: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.65-0.90, respectively), while cesarean delivery acted as arisk factor (AOR: 1.36; 95%CI: 1.14-1.63). Meanwhile, gender role attitude, parity, perceived birth size, and household wealth index was also associated with pre-lacteal feeding. Overall, the percentage of mothers introducing pre-lacteal feeds was still high. The modifiable covariates associated with pre-lacteal feedings, such as early initiation of breastfeeding, parity, and birth size, were the major factors discouraging this practice.
The Effect of Smoking on Carbon Monoxide Respiration among Active Smokers in Palembang City, Indonesia Sitorus, Rico Januar; Purba, Imelda Gernauli; Natalia, Merry; Tantrakarnapa, Kraichat
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Smoking leads to disease and disability as well as harm nearly every organ of the body. Furthermore, smoking of tobacco is known to cause pulmonary dysfunction and lead to complications, pain, or even death. This study aimed to measure the risk factors for the respiration of carbon monoxide among smokers. A cross-sectional design was implemented by involving 156 smokers in Karyajaya Subdistrict, Palembang City. The dependent variable was carbon monoxide levels (ppm), while the independent variables were smoking frequency, duration, and the last period of smoking. The carbon monoxide levels (ppm) measured with a PiCO + Smokerlyzer® device from Bedfont Scientific Limited were the research tool and the independent variables of the questionnaire. The Pearson Correlation and multiple linear regression were used for the analysis. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis revealed that smoking duration assessment is related to carbon monoxide respiration after controlling smoking frequency, the last period of smoking, and the distance of residence to sources of exposure. The smoker's respiration of carbon monoxide level was 72.5% influenced by the duration, frequency, last period of smoking, and distance of residence to sources of exposure. Reducing the frequency of smoking and stopping may prevent and control carbon monoxide respiration.
The Significance of Super Depo Sutorejo: Waste Management Project in Surabaya Municipality, Indonesia Windi, Yohanes Kambaru; Wijayanti, Dyah; Wiyatno, Eko Rustamaji; Rahariyani, Loetfia Dwi
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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The Super Depo Sutorejo Surabaya (SDSS) Project was created to separate household waste into fractions, but its separation effect is unknown. This study assessed the significance of the project in sorting general waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and assorted. The t-test compared the means of general and biodegradable waste (normally distributed). The non-biodegradable and assorted waste were not significantly distributed; therefore, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to compare their medians against general waste. The multivariate analysis compared the significance level of each waste fraction. Each statistical analysis showed that the SDSS significantly sorts the general waste. The p-values were (0.000) <0.05 for each type of waste fraction. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis showed that all variables were similar, and p-values (0.00) <0.05. The biodegradable waste was the most significant fraction (M = 176,715.9; SD = 57,990.8), followed by the assorted (M = 171,412.5; SD = 94,631.3), and non-biodegradable (M = 35,243.8; SD = 17,290.7). The results showed that the SDSS significantly segregates general waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and assorted, therefore hypothesis (H1) is accepted. This study recommends the Government of Surabaya to maintain and expand this waste management project throughout the city alongside the improvement of the community participation program.
Attitudes Concerning Sexual Behavior towards Risky Sexual Behavior of Sexual Transmitted Infections among Male Adolescents in Indonesia Helda, Helda; Muchlisa, Nurul
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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There has been an increase of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as HIV/AIDS worldwide, especially in Indonesia. Several studies on adolescent behavior, especially the male as the main predictor, reported increased in STIs’ cases due to risky sexual behavior. This study aimed to show the relationship between attitudes, sexual behavior, and the risks of STIs among male adolescents in Indonesia based on the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data in 2017. This cross-sectional study involved 10,547 male adolescents using the total sampling method according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using a complex sample logistic regression test. This study was found that the proportion of risky sexual behavior of STIs was10% of which 29.8% agreeable attitude male adolescents. Agreeable attitude male adolescents were found able to improve the risk of engaging in risky sexual behaviors of STIs (p-value = 0.018; prevalence odd ratio (POR) = 1.135). The male adolescents who had an agreeable attitude towards sexual behavior could improve the risk of having risky sexual behavior of STIs 1,135 times; however, the attitude variable was not necessarily a major risk factor for the risky sexual behavior of STIs. Knowledge and education were not related to the risky sexual behavior of STIs.
Inter-related Factors Influencing Sexual Quality of Life among Women Living with HIV in Banten Province, Indonesia: A Mixed Methods Study Juliastuti, Dyah; Dean, Judith; Afiyanti, Yati; Fitzgerald, Lisa
Kesmas Vol. 16, No. 2
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Socio-cultural concerns often restrict women's sexual rights and well-being living with HIV (WLHIV) in developing countries. These convergent parallel mixed methods study combined quantitative and qualitative approaches to explore factors influencing WLHIV sexual quality of life in Banten Province, Indonesia. A 2017 cross-sectional survey of 207 reproductive-aged WLHIV was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression statistics. Furthermore, in-depth interviews with a sub-sample of survey participants (n = 30) were thematically analyzed. Most of the women (60%) involved reported loss of sexual pleasure and depressed sexual life. Meanwhile, 48% affirmed low sexual quality of life which was associated with unemployment (aOR = 2.90, and 95%CI =1.51–5.58), limited sexual activities (aOR = 2.89, and 95%CI = 1.20–6.93), living with extended family (aOR = 2.68, and 95%CI = 1.27–5.65), and experiencing intimate partner violence (aOR = 2.28, and 95%CI = 1.03–5.03). The respondents described unsatisfactory sexual life in a belief that having sex is a wife's duty and choosing not to talk about sexual issues or refuse sexual invitation in fear of triggering intimate partner violence. Inter-related personal, social, cultural, and religious factors affected the sufferers’ sexual life.

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