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INDONESIA
JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Published by Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
ISSN : 1411318X     EISSN : 25486101     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Environmental Science
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan (JTL) is a journal aims to be a peer-reviewed platform and an authoritative source of information. JTL is published twice annually and provide scientific publication for researchers, engineers, practitioners, academicians, and observers in the field related to science and environmental technology. We publish original research papers, review articles and case studies focused on Environmental Sciences, Environmental Technology as well as other related topics to Environment including sanitation, environmental biology, waste water treatment, solid waste treatment, environmental design and management, environmental impact assessment, environmental pollution control and environmental conservation.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,211 Documents
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Perbandingan Tingkat Kadar Gas SO2 dan NO2 di Udara Ambien Antara Metode Pasif dan Metode Aktif (Studi Kasus: Kota Jakarta) Indrawati, Asri; Tanti, Dyah Aries; Cholianawati, Nani; Sofyan, Andi; Cahyono, Waluyo EKo
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2319.693 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4182

Abstract

ABSTRACT A comparison of the measurement results between the active method and the passive method was carried out to see the correlation between the resulting concentrations. The passive method used CSIRO passive sampler, while the active method used the Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS). Sampling was conducted at AQMS Bundaran HI Jakarta Station, belonging to the Environment Laboratory of DLH DKI Jakarta. The sampling period was February - April 2019 for SO2 and NO2 parameters, with a sampling duration of three days for each data. Data was proceed using the correlation method. Data filtering with boxplot was used to filter outlier data from the passive sampler and AQMS measurements. Meteorological factors were included in the correlation calculations because of their effect on gas absorption that occurred in the passive sampler. Meteorological factors used were temperature, humidity, and wind direction. The AQMS concentration value prediction was calculated using the correlation equation between the passive sampler and the AQMS. The results showed that the correlation coefficient value between the passive sampler and AQMS was 0.67 for SO2 and NO2 of 0.79. Multivariate correlation using meteorological data, to improve the correlation value, obtained correlation values of 0.97 for SO2 and 0.94 for NO2. The predictive value of AQMS used a regression equation, with an average bias value of 4.4% for SO2 and 9.9% for NO2, while the RMSE values were 0.89 for SO2 and 4.41 for NO2. The results showed that the concentration of SO2 and NO2 gas measurement results from the passive and active methods had a good and significant correlation. Keywords: passive method, active method, SO2, NO2, AQMS   ABSTRAK Perbandingan hasil pengukuran antara metode aktif dan metode pasif dilakukan untuk melihat korelasi konsentrasi yang dihasilkan antara metode aktif dan metode pasif. Metode pasif menggunakan passive sampler CSIRO, sedangkan metode aktif menggunakan Air Quality Monitoring System (AQMS). Sampling dilakukan di Stasiun Pemantauan Kualitas Udara (SPKU) DKI 1 Bundaran HI milik  Laboratorium Lingkungan Hidup DLH DKI Jakarta. Periode sampling dilakukan dari bulan Februari – April 2019 untuk parameter SO2 dan NO2, dengan durasi sampling per tiga hari untuk satu data. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan metode korelasi. Filter data dilakukan dengan menggunakan boxplot untuk memfilter data outlier dari pengukuran passive sampler dan AQMS. Faktor meteorologi dimasukkan dalam perhitungan korelasi karena pengaruhnya pada penyerapan gas yang terjadi di passive sampler. Faktor meteorologi yang digunakan adalah temperatur, kelembapan, dan arah angin. Prediksi nilai konsentrasi AQMS dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan korelasi antara passive sampler dengan AQMS. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi antara passive sampler dengan AQMS sebesar 0,67 untuk SO2 dan NO2 sebesar 0,79. Korelasi multivariat menggunakan data meteorologi untuk memperbaiki nilai korelasi diperoleh nilai korelasi 0,97 untuk SO2 dan 0,94 untuk NO2. Nilai prediksi AQMS menggunakan persamaan regresi, dengan nilai rata-rata bias 4,4% untuk SO2 dan 9,9% untuk NO2, sedangkan nilai RMSE sebesar 0,89 untuk SO2 dan 4,41 untuk NO2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi hasil pengukuran gas SO2 dan NO2 metode pasif dan metode aktif mempunyai korelasi yang baik dan signifikan. Kata kunci: metode pasif, metode aktif, SO2, NO2, AQMS
Evaluasi Penerapan Insinerator Sampah Skala Kecil di TPST Kabupaten Sidoarjo Purwanta, Wahyu
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1328.17 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4199

Abstract

ABSTRACT The waste's production rate in Sidoarjo Regency is estimated at 1,216 tpd. Around 464 tpd (ton per day) are transported to Jabon Landfill, and about 298 tpd are treated at the Integrated Garbage Treatment Center (TPST), 3R Treatment Center, and the Bank of Garbage. Therefore, there are still 454 tpd of waste that has not yet been managed, potentially harming the environment. The still limited garbage service level to be transported to the landfill has made the community take the initiative to process the garbage with incinerators placed at the existing TPST. These incinerators can reduce the waste up to 25% to 30% by weight of the waste that enters the TPST. In this research, ten incinerators were studied in the TPST. From the sample conditions obtained, almost all incinerators were operated below the technical standards required for optimum operation and minimum environmental impact. The combustion temperature is generally below 800 °C, the gas residence time is less than 2 seconds, and there is no turbulence. Therefore, the black smoke often occurs due to incomplete combustion. Air pollution control installations such as cyclones and scrubbers are malfunctioning and rusty due to high temperatures and acidic environments. Incinerator management hardly relies on community contributions. However, it is generally only enough for employee salaries. Furthermore, there is no incinerator maintenance. On the other hand, social conflicts due to incinerator smoke are reported to have not yet occurred because the location of TPST is generally still far from residential areas. Keywords: incinerator, small scale, operation, environmental   ABSTRAK Tingkat timbulan sampah Kabupaten Sidoarjo adalah 1.216 ton/hari, dimana sekitar 464 ton dibawa ke TPA Jabon dan 298 ton ditangani di TPST, TPS 3R, dan Bank Sampah. Hal ini berarti masih ada 454 ton sampah yang tidak terkelola dan berpotensi lari ke lingkungan. Masih terbatasnya tingkat pelayanan sampah untuk diangkut ke TPA telah membuat masyarakat berinisiatif mengolah sampahnya dengan insinerator yang ditempatkan di TPST yang ada. Keberadaan insinerator ini mampu mengurangi berat sampah hingga 25% hingga 30% berat sampah yang masuk ke TPST. Melalui penelitian terhadap sepuluh insinerator di TPST, diperoleh kondisi bahwa hampir semua insinerator beroperasi di bawah standar teknis yang dipersyaratkan bagi tercapainya operasi optimum dan minimnya dampak lingkungan. Suhu pembakaran umumnya berada di bawah 800 0C, waktu tinggal gas kurang dari 2 detik dan tidak terjadi turbulensi, sehingga sering terjadi asap yang hitam akibat pembakaran tidak sempurna. Kondisi instalasi pengendalian pencemaran udara seperti cyclone dan scrubber banyak yang tidak berfungsi dan berkarat akibat tidak tahan suhu tinggi dan lingkungan yang asam. Pengelolaan insinerator mengandalkan iuran warga namun umumnya hanya cukup untuk honor pekerja sehingga tidak ada untuk perawatan insinerator. Konflik sosial akibat asap insinerator belum terjadi karena lokasi TPST umumnya masih jauh dari permukiman warga. Kata Kunci:  insinerator, skala kecil, operasi, lingkungan
Kesesuaian Lahan untuk Tanaman Kayu Putih sebagai Strategi Modifikasi Konservasi dan Kepentingan Nilai Tambah Ekonomi di Desa Cikembang, Kecamatan Kertasari, Kabupaten Bandung Priswantoro, Andis Andis; Sulaksana, Nana Nana; Endyana, Cipta Cipta; Tri Mursito, Anggoro Anggoro
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1466.34 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4253

Abstract

ABSTRACT Cikembang Village, Kertasari District, Bandung Regency, is located in the Upper Citarum Sub-watershed. Cikembang, one of the water catchment villages, is a conservation area with eucalyptus plants. Eucalyptus plants in the category of Fast-Growing Species (FGS) can accelerate the process of succession of critical lands, restoration of peat ecosystems, are very adaptive to cultivate with agroforestry systems, support food security. However, the implementation of eucalyptus plants in Cikembang Village needs to be analyzed its impact on the conservation function and the importance of economic value-added. This study aims to form a conservation modification strategy and the importance of added value to the economy of eucalyptus cultivation by taking into account land suitability and its limiting factors. The soil fertility level approach is promising for eucalyptus growth in three land locations, namely: wet soil/Tb, slope/Tk, soil near springs/Tm, with attributes of elevation, slope, rainfall, temperature, acidity, and soil organic matter. With the storie method’s assessment, the soil is in the N1 category (currently unsuitable), and the root square is produced while the soil is in the S3 category (slightly marginal). The strategy for obtaining land use to accommodate cropping patterns for conservation and agricultural interests is by applying the silvicultural system techniques (integrating plant species, environmental modification, making terraces, setting spacing, and managing fertilization maintenance, including pest control). The study also tried to accommodate the approach to producing eucalyptus leaves as raw material for eucalyptus oil processing becomes an economic added value by refining eucalyptus oil. Keywords: eucalyptus, strategy, modification, conservation, added value   ABSTRAK Kawasan Desa Cikembang, Kecamatan Kertasari, Kabupaten Bandung, terletak di Sub DAS Citarum Hulu. Cikembang salah satu desa tangkapan air menjadi daerah konservasi dengan tanaman kayu putih. Tanaman kayu putih kategori fast growing species (FGS) dapat mempercepat proses suksesi lahan kritis, restorasi ekosistem gambut, sangat adaptif dibudidayakan dengan sistem agroforestri, mendukung ketahanan pangan. Namun demikian, implementasi tanaman kayu putih di Desa Cikembang perlu dianalisis dampaknya terhadap fungsi konservasi dan kepentingan nilai tambah ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membentuk strategi modifikasi konservasi dan kepentingan nilai tambah ekonomi budidaya tanaman kayu putih dengan memperhatikan kesesuaian lahan dan faktor pembatasnya. Pendekatan tingkat kesuburan tanah cukup menjanjikan untuk pertumbuhan kayu putih di tiga lokasi lahan yaitu: tanah basah/Tb, tanah kemiringan/Tk, tanah dekat mata air/Tm, dengan atribut elevasi, lereng, curah hujan, suhu, dan keasaman serta organik tanah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode storie, diketahui bahwa tanah Desa Cikembang termasuk ke dalam kategori N1 (saat ini tidak sesuai), dan dengan menggunakan metode root square, dihasilkan bahwa tanah termasuk kategori S3 (sedikit marginal). Strategi yang digunakan untuk memperoleh tata guna lahan yang mengakomodasi pola tanam untuk konservasi dan kepentingan pertanian adalah pendekatan aplikasi teknik sistem silvikultur (pemaduan elemen spesies tanaman, modifikasi lingkungan, pembuatan teras, pengaturan jarak tanam, pengaturan pemupukan, pemeliharaan, termasuk pengendalian hama) serta pendekatan produksi daun tanaman kayu putih sebagai bahan baku olahan minyak kayu putih menjadi nilai tambah ekonomi dengan penyulingan minyak kayu putih. Kata kunci: kayu putih, strategi, modifikasi, konservasi, nilai tambah
Modifikasi Pakan Larva Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) sebagai Upaya Percepatan Reduksi Sampah Buah dan Sayuran Rofi, Danny Yusufiana; Auvaria, Shinfi Wazna; Nengse, Sulistiya; Oktorina, Sarita; Yusrianti, Yusrianti
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2184.164 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4297

Abstract

ABSTRACT Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae treatment is one of the organic waste processing alternatives considered to have a faster process than the other organic waste processes. However, in solid organic waste processing, BSF larvae ability to reduce organic waste is relatively low. This research aims to know the optimum waste reduction index of fruit and vegetable waste with the feed modification of fruits and vegetables' waste, analyze the Efficiency of Conversion of Digested food of BSF larvae, and know the survival rate of BSF larvae. This research used an experimental method with four reactors containing 200 larvae on each reactor. Larvae used in this research were aged 7-18 days. A different larva is fed to each reactor with rate of 100mg/larva per day. The feed are vegetables, steamed vegetables, fruit, and fermented fruit. The frequency of feeding was once a day, and weight reduction from the treatment was measured daily. Reduction results in the vegetable waste, steamed vegetables, fruit, fermented fruit were 45.29%, 42.92%, 33.75%, and 46.25%, respectively. According to the results, the reduction of fruits and vegetables' waste using optimum BSF larvae reached 46.25% in fermented fruit feed treatment. Keywords: BSF larvae, reduction, organic waste, fruit waste, modification   ABSTRAK Larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) merupakan salah satu alternatif pengolahan sampah organik yang dinilai lebih cepat daripada pengolah sampah organik lainnya. Namun dalam pengolahan sampah organik yang padat, kemampuan larva BSF dalam mereduksi sampah organik cukup rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui reduksi optimum sampah organik buah dan sayuran dengan modifikasi komposisi umpan sampah buah dan sayuran, untuk menganalisis konversi pakan yang dapat dicerna larva BSF, dan mengetahui tingkat keberhasilan hidup larva BSF. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental menggunakan empat reaktor yang berisi 200 ekor larva pada setiap reaktornya. Larva yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berumur 7-18 hari. Setiap reaktor diberikan umpan larva yang berbeda dengan laju pengumpanan 100mg/larva per hari. Umpan tersebut, di antaranya sayuran, sayuran dikukus, buah, dan buah difermentasi. Frekuensi pemberian umpan dilakukan satu hari sekali dan pengurangan berat umpan dari perlakukan yang diberikan diukur setiap hari. Hasil reduksi pada sampah sayuran, sayuran dikukus, buah, buah difermentasi  masing-masing: 45,29%, 42,92%, 33,75%, dan 46,25%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, reduksi sampah organik buah dan sayuran dengan larva BSF optimum, mencapai 46,25% pada perlakuan umpan buah fermentasi. Kata kunci: larva BSF, sampah organik, sampah buah, sampah sayuran, modifikasi
Pengaruh Laju Aliran Udara Terhadap Efisiensi Penyisihan Organik di dalam Air Lindi dengan Menggunakan Teknik Oksidasi Lanjut (O3/H2O2) Sururi, Mohamad Rangga; Fadiyah, Mayang Afi; Saleh, Siti Ainun; Dirgawati, Mila
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2852.641 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4379

Abstract

ABSTRACT Leachate has complex characteristics, and it is commonly processed biologically in the Leachate Treatment Plant (IPL) in Indonesia. However, as the landfill ages, the leachate becomes less biodegradable. An appropriate technique is needed to treat leachate at IPL, and one of the promising methods is advanced oxidation with O3/H2O2. This study examined the effect of air flow rate on the concentration of residual ozone (KSO) and its efficiency to remove organic compounds using the O3/H2O2 process. Leachate samples were collected as grab samples from TPA Sarimukti Bandung. As much as 1 L of leachate samples were placed in an ozone contactor equipped with a filter disc with a pore size of 100-160 µm. The dose of H2O2 was continuously added to 1.197 g/L. Compressor was used to provide airflow with variations of 2, 3, and 4 L/min. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was measured to determine the concentration of residual ozone (KSO) and validated by examining KSO measurements with the Indigo colorimetric method. A strong relationship between KSO and DO (R2 = 0.99) was observed at an airflow rate of 4 L/min. The highest ozone mass transfer coefficient (KLa,O3) was recorded at a 4 L/minute flow rate with 0.0022 min-1 at 27 °C.  The best removal efficiency has occurred at the fastest air flow rate (4 L/min) with COD, and UV254 removal was 88.89% and 14.87%, respectively. Keywords: DO, flow variation, KSO, leachate, O3/H2O2, organic, mass transfer   ABSTRAK Karakteristik lindi sangatlah kompleks dan di Indonesia, Instalasi Pengolahan Lindi (IPL) pada umumnya menggunakan sistem pengolahan biologis. Namun demikian, seiring dengan pertambahan umur urugan sampah, lindi semakin tidak biodegradable. Teknik pengolahan tepat diperlukan untuk mengolah lindi di IPL. Salah satu teknik yang sering digunakan adalah oksidasi lanjut dengan O3/H2O2 dengan mentransferkan gas ozon ke dalam air lindi yang diukur sebagai Konsentrasi Sisa Ozon (KSO) dan menambahkan H2O2 untuk meningkatkan pembentukan OH? di dalam air.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh laju aliran udara terhadap KSO serta pengaruhnya terhadap efisiensi penyisihan senyawa organik pada proses O3/H2O2. Sampel lindi diambil secara grab sampling dari TPA Sarimukti Bandung. Sebanyak 1 L sampel ditempatkan pada kontaktor ozon yang dilengkapi filter disc dengan pori berukuran 100-160µm. Dosis H2O2 yang diberikan tetap sebesar 1,197 g/L. Udara dialirkan dengan air compressor dengan variasi debit udara 2, 3, dan 4 L/menit. Pada penelitian ini, pengukuran Dissolved Oxygen (DO) digunakan sebagai pendekatan untuk mengukur KSO. Validasi dilakukan dengan meneliti hubungan antara KSO dan DO dan pengukuran KSO dilakukan dengan metode indigo colorimetric method.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KSO dan DO memiliki hubungan yang kuat (R2 = 0,99) pada variasi aliran udara 4 L/menit. Laju aliran udara tercepat terjadi ketika nilai koefisien transfer masa ozon (KLa,O3) mencapai nilai tertinggi (0,0022 menit-1) pada suhu 27 oC. Hasil penelitian membuktikan efisiensi penyisihan COD (88,89%) dan UV254 (14,87%) tertinggi terjadi pada laju aliran udara tercepat selama 180 menit. Kata kunci: DO, aliran udara KSO, lindi, O3/H2O2, organik, transfer masa
Pengaruh Lokasi Zeolit Alam Bayah terhadap Adsorpsi Amonium: Studi Kinetika dan Kesetimbangan Hakiki, Muhammad; Makiyi, Muhammad; Nuryoto, Nuryoto; Rahmayetty, Rahmayetty; Kustiningsih, Indar; Kurniawan, Teguh
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3786.006 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4403

Abstract

ABSTRACT Household waste is one of the most significant contributors to wastewater that can pollute the environment, one of which is ammonium pollution. Ammonium pollution can be reduced by natural zeolite by using the adsorption method. This research aims to utilize natural zeolite as an adsorbent that can reduce ammonium levels in wastewater, determine which natural zeolite has the most significant adsorption power from 4 locations, determine natural zeolite characterization of Bayah. This study is also to create a model equilibrium equations and reaction kinetics from the adsorption method. The method used is the adsorption method, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). This study's results were that natural zeolites location 4 could adsorb 99.25% of ammonium and showed the highest adsorption capacity of ammonium. Characterization using XRD analysis obtained the types of zeolite mordenite, clinoptilolite, quartz, and heulandite. The surface area of Bayah natural zeolite in the 4th location is 46 m2/g. The suitable equilibrium model for the adsorption of ammonium by natural zeolites is the Freundlich model. The most suitable adsorption kinetics model for the adsorption of ammonium by Bayah natural zeolites is the pseudo-first-order model. Keywords: household waste, ammonium, eutrophication, natural zeolites   ABSTRAK Limbah rumah tangga adalah salah satu penyumbang limbah cair terbesar yang dapat mencemari lingkungan salah satunya pencemaran amonium. Pencemaran amonium dapat dikurangi dengan zeolit alam dengan menggunakan metode adsorpsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan zeolit alam yang memiliki daya adsorpsi terbesar dari 4 lokasi berbeda, melakukan karakterisasi zeolit alam Bayah, dan memodelkan persamaan kesetimbangan dan kinetika reaksi adsorpsi amonium. Karakterisasi zeolit dilakukan dengan analisis X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microsope (SEM), dan luas permukaan material menggunakan model Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah zeolit alam lokasi 4 memiliki  kapasitas adsorpsi amonium paling besar, yaitu 9,25%. Adapun kapasitas adsorpsi amonium yang paling besar ditunjukkan oleh zeolit alam Bayah lokasi 4. Analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa seluruh zeolit Bayah merupakan zeolit bertipe mordenit, klinoptilolit, dan heulandit dengan fasa pengotor quartz. Luas permukaan zeolit alam Bayah lokasi 4 sebesar 46 m2/g. Model kesetimbangan yang sesuai untuk adsorpsi amonium oleh zeolit alam Bayah yaitu model Freundlich. Model kinetika adsorpsi yang paling sesuai untuk adsorpsi amonium oleh zeolit alam Bayah yaitu model kuasi orde satu. Kata Kunci: limbah rumah tangga, amonium, eutrofikasi, zeolit alam
Fluktuasi Cemaran Udara Partikulat dan Tingkat Risikonya terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat Kota Bogor Ihsan, Iif Miftahul; Yani, Moh.; Hidayat, Rahmat; Permatasari, Tetty
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (245.022 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i1.4439

Abstract

ABSTRACT Health risk characteristics expressed as a Risk Quotient (RQ) can be carried out through an environmental health risk analysis (ARKL) approach. This approach can estimate the public health risk caused by the concentration of risk agents of particulates consisting of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP. The research on the fluctuation of ambient air particulate pollutant and its risk to public health was conducted in each sub-district of Bogor City. Author identified a total of 360 respondents to determine the community anthropometric variable of exposures for time, frequency, and duration. There are several steps that need to be carried out to obtain the RQ value, namely identification of hazards from particulate risk agents, analysis of the dose-response in the form of Reference Concentration (RFC), analysis of the exposure obtained based on anthropometric variables, and the concentration of risk agents as well as characteristics of risk levels. The risk level characteristic shows that the RQ value of TSP is always the highest one, followed by PM10 and PM2.5. The respective RQ values of TSP for male and female residents are 1.85 and 1.53. Cumulatively, the male and female population in Tanah Sareal produced the highest RQ values. Those are 4.44 and 3.36, respectively. At the same time, the lowest cumulative RQ was obtained for male and female residents in East Bogor with RQ values of 2.96 and 2.54. The RQ value of each risk agent or the cumulative RQ that is more than 1 (RQ> 1) is stated to have or has a health risk, so it needs to be controlled, while the RQ value which is less than one (1) is displayed not to need to be controlled but needs to be maintained. Keywords: particulate, risk level, exposure assessment, anthropometric characteristic, environmental health risk assessment   ABSTRAK Karakteristik risiko kesehatan yang dinyatakan sebagai Risk Quotient (RQ) dapat dilakukan melalui pendekatan Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Pendekatan ini dapat mengestimasi risiko kesehatan masyarakat yang disebabkan oleh konsentrasi agen risiko yaitu PM2,5, PM10, dan TSP di tiap-tiap kecamatan di Kota Bogor. Penulis mengidentifikasi sebanyak 360 responden yang terdiri dari laki-laki dan perempuan untuk menentukan variabel antropometri masyarakat di Kota Bogor, waktu paparan, frekuensi paparan, serta durasi paparan. Ada beberapa tahapan yang perlu dilakukan untuk memperoleh nilai RQ, yaitu identifikasi bahaya dari agen risiko partikulat, analisis dosis-respon berupa Reference Concentration (RfC), analisis pajanan yang diperoleh berdasarkan variabel antropometri dan konsentrasi agen risiko serta karakteristik tingkat risiko. Karakteristik tingkat risiko menunjukkan nilai RQ TSP selalu paling tinggi diikuti PM10, dan terendah adalah RQ PM2,5 dengan nilai tertinggi TSP untuk penduduk laki-laki dan perempuan masing-masing sebesar 1,85 dan 1,53. Secara kumulatif, penduduk laki-laki dan perempuan di Tanah Sareal menghasilkan nilai RQ tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 4,44 dan 3,36. Sedangkan RQ kumulatif terendah diperoleh untuk penduduk laki-laki dan perempuan di Bogor Timur dengan nilai RQ 2,96 dan 2,54. Nilai RQ tiap agen risiko ataupun RQ kumulatif yang lebih dari 1 (RQ>1) dinyatakan memiliki atau terdapat risiko kesehatan sehingga perlu dikendalikan, sementara nilai RQ yang masing kurang dari satu dinyatakan tidak perlu dikendalikan tetapi perlu dipertahankan. Kata kunci: partikulat, tingkat risiko, analisis pajanan, karakteristik antropometri, analisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan
Reactive Black 5 (RB5): Pengolahan Air Limbah Tekstil dengan Adsorbsi Menggunakan Powdered Karbon Aktif Septiariva, Iva Yenis; Suryawan, I Wayan Koko; Sarwono, Ariyanti
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (436.847 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i2.4523

Abstract

ABSTRAK Umumnya, industri tekstil menggunakan berbagai pewarna sintetis yang menghasilkan air limbah yang sangat berwarna. Oleh karenaitu, air limbah tekstil ini harus diolah sebelum dibuang ke lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penyisihan warna dengan teknik adsorpsi menggunakan karbon aktif. Metode ini dianggap sebagai teknologi berbiaya rendah dan perawatan yang mudah untuk pengolahan air limbah. Proses adsorpsi batch dilakukan dengan waktu kontak yang berbeda yaitu 5–60 menit dan variasi konsentrasi awal yang mengandung Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) sebesar 5 mg/L; 10 mg/L; 15 mg/L; dan 20 mg/L. Azo-Reactive Black-5 adalah material pewarna yang digunakan untuk membuat air limbah artifisial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses adsorpsi menurunkan kadar konsentrasi warna masing-masing sebesar 86,21%, 85,21%, 84,29%, dan 71,07% selama 60 menit. Peningkatan konsentrasi zat warna dalam air limbah menyebabkan efisiensi penghilangan warna yang rendah. Selain itu, penelitian mengevaluasi efektivitas adsorpsi batch oleh karbon aktif karena efisiensi penghilangan warna dapat mencapai lebih dari 50% setelah waktu kontak 30 menit. Hal ini terlihat pada konsentrasi awal 5 mg/L dan 20 mg/L dengan efisiensi penyisihan sebesar 66,18% dan 53,97%. Kinetika adsorpsi yang sesuai untuk pendekatan pemodelan pada penelitian ini adalah Langmuir isotherm dengan nilai r2 yang lebih besar dan mendekati nilai 1 yaitu 0,9756. Estimasi kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum yang diperoleh dari model sebesar 4,353 mg/g. Kata kunci: Air limbah tekstil, warna, adsorpsi, efisiensi penyisihan   ABSTRACT Generally, the textile industry uses various synthetic dyes that produced a large amount of highly colored wastewater. This research aims to investigate the color removal by adsorption using powdered activated carbon. This method is considered viable due to cost effective and ease of maintenance for wastewater treatment. The batch adsorption process was carried out at different contact times of 5–60 minutes and varied initial dye concentration containing azo-Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) of 5 mg/L; 10 mg/L; 15 mg/L; and 20 mg/L. A synthetic RB-5 was prepared  as the artificial wastewater to simulate the actual wastewater. The adsorption  proceeded initially with higher rates and gradually slowed down until reached a constant value due to the carbon surface's saturation with increasing contact time.The results showed that, at different initial dye concentration, the adsorption process decreased color concentration for 60 minutes by 86.21%, 85.21%, 84.29%, and 71.07% respectively. The increase of initial dye concentration lowers color removal efficiency. Besides, the effectiveness of adsorption by activated carbon was found more than 50% after 30 minute of contact time. The efficiency removal presented initial concentration of 5 mg/ and 20 mg/L was 66.18% and 53.97%, respectively. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm were also plotted to assess the kinetics of adsorption. Langmuir isotherm gave the best modelling approach for adsorption kinetics as indicated by higher coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.9756. An estimated maximum adsorption capacity obtained from the model was 4.353 mg/g. Keywords: Textile wastewater, color, adsorption, removal efficiency
Produksi Bersih Pengolahan Limbah Cair Menggunakan Decanter pada PT Aetra Air Jakarta Sukwika, Tatan; Muhammad, Said Azmi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2005.419 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i2.4583

Abstract

ABSTRACT Clean water process production by PT Aetra Air Jakarta (AAJ) emits a lot of wastewater. All this time, a sludge drying bed is used for its production activities, where the sludge produced is not proportional to the area and length of drying time, so the unsatisfied sludge is eventually dumped into the water body. In line with the need to improve the quality of operational activities, clean water service providers are trying to create zero waste. They are environmentally friendly through the use of a decanter. The research objective was to determine the amount of sludge treated in the wastewater treatment process and measure water removal efficiency in sludge using a decanter. Methods of data collection through observation and testing of wastewater treatment using a decanter. The decanter treatment process starts from taking the sludge sample before it is processed; the sludge treatment process begins entering the decanter until the sludge is finished processing. The results showed that the average volume of sludge was 24.84 m3, and the water removal efficiency was between 89–91%. The conclusion is that the set inflow rate is directly proportional to TSS while the efficiency of TSS water removal in the sludge is smaller so that the use of a decanter is greater. It recommended that the residual processing sludge be used as raw material for fertilizer production. The Pb and Zn content in the sludge does not exceed the quality standard. Keywords: decanter, clean production, TSS, sludge volume   ABSTRAK Air bersih yang diproduksi oleh PT Aetra Air Jakarta (AAJ) mengeluarkan banyak limbah cair. Selama ini, kegiatan produksinya digunakan sludge drying bed, dimana lumpur yang dihasilkan tidak sebanding dengan luas dan lamanya waktu pengeringan, sehingga lumpur yang tidak tertampung akhirnya terbuang ke badan air. Seiring kebutuhan perbaikan kualitas kegiatan operasional, penyedia layanan air bersih berupaya menciptakan zero waste dan ramah lingkungan melalui penggunaan decanter. Tujuan penelitian menentukan jumlah lumpur yang diolah pada proses pengolahan limbah cair dan mengukur efisiensi penyisihan air pada limbah lumpur menggunakan alat decanter. Metode pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan dan pengujian pengolahan limbah cair menggunakan decanter. Proses pengolahan decanter dimulai dari pengambilan sampel lumpur sebelum diolah, proses pengolahan lumpur dari awal masuk ke decanter sampai lumpur selesai diolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata volume lumpur sebesar 24,84 m3, dan efisiensi penyisihan air antara 89–91%. Kesimpulannya adalah set inflow rate berbanding lurus dengan TSS sedangkan efisiensi penyisihan air TSS pada limbah lumpur semakin kecil sehingga penggunaan decanter menjadi lebih besar. Direkomendasikan agar lumpur sisa pengolahan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku untuk pembuatan pupuk dengan syarat kandungan Pb dan Zn dalam lumpur tidak melebihi baku mutu. Kata kunci: decanter, produksi bersih, TSS, volume lumpur
Penanganan Sampah Plastik pada Produksi Paving Block Zainuri, Zainuri
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (227.625 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v22i2.4586

Abstract

ABSTRACT Efforts to handle waste are continuously carried out, starting from the lowest layer, namely households, to large factories that produce garbage every day. Waste production that is not balanced with the handlers causes waste to be a problem for the environment. One type of waste that is difficult to decompose by nature (non-biodegradable) is plastic waste, which occupies the most considerable quantity of other types of waste. Based on statistical data, the amount of non-biodegradable waste that is disposed of in the final disposal site every day in several cities in Indonesia is 6,598.23 tons/day. This study aims to calculate the reduction in plastic waste if it is used in making paving blocks. Almost all variations are included in quality D outlined in SNI 03-0691-1996. Only two variations have below the required standard, namely 10% plastic: 90% sand and 60% plastic: 40% sand. In the variation 70% plastic: 30% sand, the plastic weight needed is 796.32 kg and in the variation 80% plastic: 20% sand, the need for plastic waste drops to 793.60 kg. The variation 70% plastic: 30% sand is recommended for production because it absorbs the most plastic waste from the calculations made. This study concluded that the potential for reducing plastic waste if it is used for the production of paving blocks is 3.9816 tons/day in the job mix with a variation of 70% plastic: 30% sand. Keywords: inorganic, paving blocks, plastic, garbage   ABSTRAK Upaya penanganan sampah terus dilakukan mulai dari lapisan terbawah yaitu rumah tangga hingga pabrik besar yang menghasilkan sampah setiap hari. Produksi sampah yang belum berimbang dengan penanganan menyebabkan sampah masih menjadi masalah bagi lingkungan. Salah satu jenis sampah yang sulit diuraikan oleh alam (non-biodegradable) adalah sampah plastik, menempati kuantitas terbesar dari jenis sampah lainnya. Berdasarkan data statistik, jumlah sampah non-biodegradable yang dibuang ke TPA sampah setiap hari di beberapa kota di Indonesia sebesar 6.598,23 ton/hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung potensi pengurangan sampah plastik apabila dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan paving block. Hampir semua variasi masuk dalam mutu D yang digariskan dalam SNI 03-0691-1996. Hanya dua variasi memiliki kekuatan di bawah standar yang disyaratkan yaitu variasi 10% plastik: 90% pasir dan 60% plastik: 40% pasir. Pada variasi 70% plastik: 30% pasir, berat plastik yang dibutuhkan 796,32 kg dan pada variasi plastik 80%: 20% pasir, kebutuhan sampah plastik turun menjadi 793,60 kg. Dari perhitungan yang dilakukan maka variasi 70% plastik: 30% pasir yang direkomendasikan untuk diproduksi sebab menyerap paling banyak sampah plastik. Dalam penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa potensi pengurangan sampah plastik jika dimanfaatkan untuk produksi paving block adalah sebesar 3,9816 ton/hari pada job mix dengan variasi 70% plastik: 30% pasir. Kata kunci: non-biodegradable, paving block, plastik, sampah

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