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Jurnal Penelitian Saintek

saintek
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Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

ISSN : 14123991 EISSN : 25287036 DOI : 10.21831

Core Subject : Science,

Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 286 Documents

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BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS THROUGH NYAMPLUNG OIL ESTERIFICATION AND TRANSESTERIFICATION USING ULTRASONIC WAVES ASSIST Haryono Haryono; E. Evy Ernawati; Rukiah Rukiah; Susi Suryani
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 22, No 1: April 2017
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

This study was aimed at synthesizing biodiesel of nyamplung oil through esterification and transesterification process using ozonation and ultrasonic waves assist. The ozonation was done for 30 minutes, while the transesterification reaction was aided by ultrasonic wave frequency variation 28 and 35 kHz for 30 minutes. The results show that the use of ultrasonic waves in frequency of 35 kHz in the transesterification reaction to the ozonized nyamplung oil from esterification reaction produced biodiesel on the standards of Indonesian biodiesel. The biodiesel product in this study has 0.70 mgKOH/g biodiesel acid value, iodine number 50.34 g I2/100 g, the flash point of 122.4°C, cetana numbers of 102.5, density of 0.9088 g/cm3, and a viscosity of 9.5 cSt

EFFECT OF PENDING IN PENDING IN PARTICULAR PAD A PAJAH GEM OF DOUBLE CUT Didik Nurhadiyanto
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 15, No 2: Oktober 2010
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The purpose of this study, are (1) to compare the wear of a single cutter with a double cutter with the use of different cooler viscosity, (2) to determine the effect of cooller viscosity to cutter wear, and (3) find a suitable viscosity, cooling to reduce cutter wear. The workpiece material is VCN 150 ø 1.75 inches with a length of cut is 200 mm. Variables that are altered depth of cut. The depth of cut is defined initial minus end diameter divided by two. The depth of cut for a double edged pieces with a single piece. Cutter wear modifications largest taken from each eye piece for comparison with a single cutter. Research steps undertaken were as follows: wear to keep records of each viscosity cooling, ie 14.5 poise, poise 24.8, 35.6 poise, and poise while the depth of 49.2 pieces 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2 mm. Each observation performed 3 times and subsequently taken average. Comparing the wear obtained in cutting using single and double cutting. The results of this study are as follows: (1) a reduction in the cutter wear double edged pieces of 18.64% compared with a single cutter with variable thickness and depth of cut cooling. (2) work without cooling wear very large, so that liquid cooling is needed in the process of cutting the workpiece, (3) become less viscous cooling is used, a reduction in wear and tear on the range. Wear and tear occurs in the thickness of the smallest 14.5 poise.Keywords: cooling, wear, and the depth of cut

THE EFFECTS OF COMPOSTED CATTLE MANURE DOSAGE ON THE CLUBROOT DISEASE, THE GROWTH, AND THE YIELD OF BROCCOLI Octa Saktianti; Noor Istifadah
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 23, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. is a major constraint in the cultivation of broccoli. Compost has been widely explored as an eco-friendly option for controlling soil-borne pathogens. This study was aimed at examining the ability of several dosage of composted cow manure to suppress clubroot disease and support the growth and yield of broccoli under field conditions. The field experiment was conducted at Cisarua, Western Bandung, West Java. The experiment was arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments tested were cow manure with the dosage of 25, 50, 100, and 200 g/plant, pesticide (active ingredient: flusulfamide), and a non-treated control. The result shows that all compost treatments suppressed clubroot disease by 29,25-45,58%. The application of cow manure compost could also support the growth and the yield of broccoli under field conditions.PENGARUH DOSIS KOMPOS KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP PENYAKIT AKAR GADA, PERTUMBUHAN, DAN HASIL BROKOLIPenyakit akar gada yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. merupakan salah satu kendala utama dalam budidaya brokoli. Bahan organik seperti kompos dapat digunakan untuk pengendalian penyakit secara ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mendapatkan dosis kompos kotoran sapi yang efektif untuk menekan penyakit akar gada dan mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli di lapangan. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan di lahan yang endemik akar gada di daerah Cisarua, Bandung Barat, Jawa Barat. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah dosis kompos (25, 50, 100, dan 200 g/tanaman), pestisida (berbahan aktif flusulfamide), dan kontrol. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kompos kotoran sapi yang diaplikasikan dengan dosis 25-200g per tanaman memiliki efek penekanan terhadap penyakit akar gada sebesar 29,25-45,58%. Semakin tinggi dosis aplikasi semakin tinggi pula efek penekanan yang dihasilkannya. Aplikasi kompos juga mampu mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil brokoli di lapangan.

PETROLEUM CHARACTERISTICS ETER AND DIETIL ETER AS THE WORK ENERGY WATER ENERGY PUMP F.A. Rusdi Sambada; A. Prasetyadi
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 1: April 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Water pumps in areas without electricity are generally driven by fuel engine. The problem arises while the fuel is getting scarce and expensive. This research aims to create a model of thermal energy water pump and examine petroleum ether and diethyl ether characteristics as working fluid of thermal energy water pump. Parameter variations are done on type of fluid, mass of the working fluid and pumping head. Measurements are conducted on temperature of the working fluid, pumping discharge, time, working fluid pressure and pump pressure. A cycle time of petroleum ether is 158 minutes which is 6 times longer than diethyl ether (24.3 minutes). The discharges of diethyl ether are 0.9, 0.7 and 1.3 liters/min in average, minimum and maximum respectively. They are greater than petroleum ether (0.3, 0.1 and 1.1 liters/min). Diethyl ether generated evaporator pressure greater than petroleum ether (0.7 vs. 0.55 bar). Amount of air in the pressured air tube and in the system affects the volume and discharge. There is optimal mass of working fluid for specific head and amount of air in the pressured air tube. There is also optimal head for specific amount of working fluid mass and air in the pressured air tube.

THE IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE COMPOUNDS FROM ETHYL ACETATE FRACTION OF Dendropthoe falcata Astuti Lestari; Sri Atun
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 24, No 1: April 2019
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

This study was aimed at identifying secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate fraction of Dendrophtoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh mindi plant parasite (Melia azedarach L.). This research was conducted by maceration method using ethanol solvent, partitioning sequentially with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate fraction was separated by gravity column chromatography (GCC) in two stages. Phase I GCC used n-hexane : ethyl acetate (9 : 1). Phase II GCC used chloroform : methanol (9 : 1) eluent to obtain one pure compound. Purity identification used thin layer chromatography. Characterization of pure compounds obtained was carried out using UV-Vis and IR. The results show that the isolated compounds maximum wavelengths are at 351.20, 262.60, and 207.20 nm which corresponded to the conjugated synamoyl, benzoyl and chromophore phenol. IR spectrum data shows the presence of O-H, C-H aliphatic, C = O carbonyl, C = C aromatic, and C-O. From these data, the isolated compounds show flavonoid type flavanols.IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT BATANG Dendropthoe falcata.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dari fraksi etil asetat batang Dendrophtoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh parasit tumbuhan mindi (Melia azedarach L.). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol, partisi secara berurutan dengan n-heksana, kloroform, dan etil asetat. Fraksi etil asetat dipisahkan secara kromatografi kolom gravitasi (KKG) dalam dua tahap. KKG tahap I menggunakan eluen n-heksana : etil asetat (9 : 1). KKG tahap II menggunakan eluen kloroform : metanol (9 : 1) sehingga diperoleh satu senyawa murni. Identifikasi kemurnian menggunakan kromatografi lapis tipis. Karakterisasi senyawa murni yang diperoleh dilakukan menggunakan UV-Vis dan IR. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan panjang gelombang maksimum pada 351,20; 262,60; dan 207,20 nm yang sesuai dengan gugus sinamoil, benzoil, dan kromofor fenol terkonjugasi. Data spektrum IR menunjukkan adanya ikatan O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O karbonil, C=C aromatik, dan C-O. Dari data tersebut, senyawa hasil isolasi menunjukkan golongan flavonoid jenis flavonol.

Tool from Pack Carburized Low Carbon Steel Arianto Leman Soemawidagdo; Tiwan Tiwan; Mujiyono Mujiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 19, No 2: Oktober 2014
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The research is aimed at developing alternative tool from pack carburized low carbon steel. The tools were made from low carbon steel of 111,67 VHN using cutting machine and then sharpened. Carburizing process was conducted at temperature vary of 800, 850 and 900 0C for 1, 2 and 3 hours and then quenched into water and oil. The tools were subsequently quenched after diffusion process. The tools was used to cut mild steel of Ø31,75 mm on EMCO Maximat V-13 lathe machine with cutting speed 25m/minutes, feeding 0,112mm/ rpm and depth of cut 1 mm. Tools that carburized at 850 0C for 3 hours dan quenched in water gives mean maximum hardness of 760,4 VHN and tool life up to 425 second. It shows that the tool is not economical developed for mass production.

PENGARUH VARIASI TANAMAN BARIER SEBAGAI NATURAL PEST CONTROL TERHADAP POPULASI HAMA DAN PRODUKTIVITAS PADI Tien Aminatun; Budiwati Budiwati; Lili Sugiyarto; Amin Khusnadiyah; Anisa Setya Hidayah; Ema Imtihana
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 25, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi jenis tanaman barier terhadap dinamika populasi serangga hama pada tanaman padi dan produktivitas tanaman padi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian UGM Banguntapan Bantul. Variabel bebas dari penelitian ini adalah perlakuan variasi tanaman barier yaitu kontrol (tanpa barier), gulma alami, bunga matahari, dan bunga kenikir. Variabel terikatnya adalah dinamika populasi serangga hama dan produktivitas tanaman padi. Pengamatan serangga hama dan musuh alaminya dilakukan terbatas pada pagi hari antara pukul 08.00-11.00 dengan metode scan sampling yang dilakukan pada 3 minggu sekali. Data produktivitas tanaman padi yang diambil meliputi berat kering gabah hasil panen per plot perlakuan. Untuk melihat pengaruh perlakuan variasi jenis tanaman barier terhadap populasi serangga hama tanaman padi dan produktivitas tanaman padi dilakukan uji ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari pengaruh variasi jenis tanaman barier terhadap perbedaan dinamika populasi serangga hama maupun terhadap produktivitas tanaman padi, tetapi perlu diadakan penelitian lanjutan yang dikaitkan dengan variabel lain yang mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman padi.THE EFFECT OF BARRIER PLANT VARIATION AS NATURAL PEST CONTROL ON PEST POPULATION AND RICE PRODUCTIONThis study was aimed at analyzing the effect of the barrier plant variation to the population dynamic of rice pest insect and on rice crop productivity. The study was conducted in the experimental Garden of Faculty of Agriculture of Gadjah Mada University in Banguntapan Bantul. The independent variable was the treatment of barrier plant variation, i.e. control (without barrier), natural weed, sunflower and kenikir flower plants, while the dependent variables were population dynamic of pest insect and rice crop productivity. Pest insects and their natural enemies observation was carried out in between 08.00-11.00 am by scan sampling every 3 weeks. The retrieval of crop productivity data was done when the harvest per treatment plot. The data obtained was then tested with ANOVA, to find out the effect of the treatments on population dynamic of rice crop pest, as well as rice crop productivity. The results show that there was no significant difference in the effect of barrier plant variation to the differences in population dynamic of pest insects; as well as in the productivity of rice crop, but it is necessary to conduct advanced research that is associated with other variables that affect rice crop productivity.

EFFECT OF TIME FERMENTATION OF SOYBEAN TEMPE TO TRIPSIN ACTIVITY Retno Arianingrum; Eddy Sulistyowati; Das Salirawati
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 12, No 2: Oktober 2007
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

The aim of the research is to study the effect of the duration of fermentation process toward the content of soluble protein in tempe from soybean, and the activity of trypsin enzym toward that protein.The content of soluble protein was analyzed by Lowry method using casein as solution standard, and the tripsin activity was determined by Anson method. The duration offermentation process were 0,24,48,72, 96, and 120 hours. The research indicated that the content ofsoluble protein in tempe duringfermentation process for 0, 24, 48, 72,96, and 120 hours were 0.172; 0.212; 0.217; 0.212; 0.197, and0.158% (wlw) respectively, and the activity of trypsine toward the that soluble protein were 1.35; 2.33; 2.73; 2.13; 1.17 and o. 78 unit. It was indicated that the duration of fermentation process influenced thecontent of soluble protein and tripsin activity. The highest of trypsin activity was infermentation process for 48 hours.

SEPARATION AND ELEMENTATION OF DIMER STILBENOID STRUCTURE OF VATICA LIGHT STEEL UMBONATA BURCK (DIPTEROCARPACEAE) Sri Atun
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 12, No 2: Oktober 2007
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Three oligostilbenoid, namely (-)-ampelopsin F (1), laevifonol (2), ande-viniferin (3) had been isolated and elucidated these structure from the stem bark of Vatica umbonata Burck (Dipterocarpaceae). The structure of three compounds were elucidated based on physical and spectroscopic data UV,JR, IH and HCNMR, HMBC, HMQC, COSY, andNOESY.

FUEL CHARACTERIZATION ON DIESEL ENGINE Wardan Suyanto; Budi Tri Siswanto; Muhkamad Wakid
Jurnal Penelitian Saintek Vol 20, No 1: April 2015
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Services, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

This study aims to know the characteristics of: (1) fuel consumption on four stroke diesel engine in terms of the fuel injection timing variation in application of biosolar and Pertamina Dex, (2) emission opacity on four stroke diesel engine in terms of the fuel injection timing variation in application of biosolar and Pertamina Dex. This study used experimental approaches on four strokes single cylinder direct injection diesel engine with 4200 watts on maximum power. The engine speed and load were controlled by electricity load of electric AC generator. Observation was used to collect the data. The data was analyzed with mean calculation and showed with tables and graphics.The result of this study showed that: (1) the most efﬁ cient of fuel consumption is reached when injection timing in 30 before TDC (advanced) with biosolar, while in retreated condition is more uneconomical, (2) the least emission opacity is reached when injection timing in 30 O before TDC (advanced) with Pertamina Dex and worse in retreated condition.

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