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Adam Mudinillah
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Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law
Published by Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi
ISSN : 29884454     EISSN : 29884462     DOI : 10.70177/rjl
Core Subject :
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law is a leading international journal focused on the global exchange of knowledge in Law as well as advancing research and practice across law disciplines. The journal provides a forum for articles reporting on original research, systematic and scholarly reviews focused on law from around the world. Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law publishes national and international research in an attempt to present a reliable and respectable information source for the researchers. Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law has been published since 2023 and is published quarterly. However, since 2025, this journal has changed the number of publications, i.e., bi-monthly | February, April, June, August, October, and December. Articles submitted for publication are subject to a double-blind review process. This journal publishes original articles in English.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 132 Documents
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Smart Contracts and Their Implications for Conventional Contract Law Hendri Khuan; Yenni Novita Wulandari; Chak Sothy
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i1.2067

Abstract

Background. The rise of blockchain technology has led to the development of smart contracts, which are self-executing contracts with the terms of the agreement directly written into code. While they promise enhanced efficiency, security, and automation, the legal implications of smart contracts on conventional contract law remain largely underexplored. The advent of these digital contracts challenges traditional legal frameworks and calls for a reassessment of existing contract law principles. Objective. This study aims to analyze the implications of smart contracts for conventional contract law, focusing on the legal, ethical, and practical challenges they present. The research seeks to evaluate how smart contracts align with or diverge from traditional contract principles such as offer, acceptance, and enforceability. Method. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing a comprehensive literature review and case law analysis to explore the intersection of smart contracts and conventional contract law. Interviews with legal experts and blockchain developers were also conducted to gather insights on real-world applications. Results. The findings reveal that while smart contracts offer substantial benefits in terms of automation and security, they also raise issues related to ambiguity, legal recognition, and the need for updated regulations. The study identifies a gap in existing legal frameworks regarding the enforceability of smart contracts. Conclusion. Smart contracts have significant potential to revolutionize contract law, but their integration into conventional legal systems requires substantial legal reform and adaptation. Further research is needed to establish clear regulatory standards.
Effectiveness of the Implementation of Restorative Justice in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System Henny Saida Flora; Harmono Harmono; Livia Alves
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i1.2068

Abstract

Background. The juvenile criminal justice system has evolved to incorporate restorative justice (RJ) practices, which emphasize repairing harm and rehabilitating offenders through dialogue and reconciliation. The implementation of RJ in juvenile justice systems aims to provide an alternative to punitive measures and encourage offenders to take responsibility for their actions while addressing the needs of victims and communities. Despite its promise, the effectiveness of RJ in reducing recidivism and promoting positive outcomes for juvenile offenders remains underexplored. Objective. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of restorative justice practices in the juvenile criminal justice system, focusing on recidivism rates, victim satisfaction, and the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders. The research seeks to assess whether RJ methods contribute to better long-term outcomes compared to traditional punitive approaches. Method. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis of recidivism rates and qualitative interviews with juvenile offenders, victims, and justice system professionals involved in RJ programs. Results. The findings show that restorative justice significantly reduces recidivism rates and improves victim satisfaction. Juvenile offenders reported feeling more accountable for their actions, and communities experienced a greater sense of justice and restoration. Conclusion. Restorative justice practices prove to be effective in the juvenile criminal justice system, offering promising alternatives to traditional punitive methods. Policymakers should consider expanding RJ programs to further enhance rehabilitation and community healing.
Implications of Government Policy on Investment and Economic Growth Hendri Khuan; Safiullah Aziz; Amir Raza
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2069

Abstract

Background. Government policies play a significant role in shaping the investment climate and, consequently, in driving economic growth. Policies aimed at stimulating investments such as fiscal incentives, tax policies, and infrastructure development can significantly influence the flow of capital into various sectors, fostering economic activity and job creation. Objective. This study aims to evaluate the impact of government policies on investment decisions and their subsequent effect on economic growth. The research seeks to identify the key policy factors that drive or hinder investment flows and assess their broader implications for long-term economic performance. Method. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing quantitative data analysis of economic indicators and investment flows from government reports, along with qualitative interviews from business leaders and policymakers. The study examines a range of countries with varying policy environments to identify common trends and impacts. Results. The findings suggest that pro-investment policies significantly boost both domestic and foreign investment, leading to higher economic growth rates. In contrast, restrictive policies and regulatory uncertainties were found to negatively impact economic performance. Conclusion. The study concludes that effective government policies are essential for fostering investment and driving sustainable economic growth. Policymakers should prioritize creating stable, investment-friendly environments to achieve long-term economic benefits.
International Environmental Law and Climate Change Mitigation Efforts Kemmala Dewi; Harmono Harmono; Sun Wei; Liu Yang; Benny Novico Zani
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2070

Abstract

Background. Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges, with significant consequences for ecosystems, economies, and human societies. International environmental law plays a critical role in shaping global efforts to mitigate climate change by establishing legal frameworks for cooperation and action. Objective. This study aims to analyze the role of international environmental law in climate change mitigation efforts, with a focus on the key legal instruments and agreements that shape global climate governance. The research seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of these legal frameworks in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting sustainable environmental practices. Method. A qualitative research design was employed, using case studies, legal analysis, and interviews with environmental law experts, policymakers, and practitioners. The study examined major international agreements such as the Paris Agreement and the Kyoto Protocol to assess their impact on climate change mitigation efforts. Results. The findings indicate that while international environmental law has contributed to raising awareness and setting targets for climate change mitigation, the implementation of these efforts remains uneven, with many countries struggling to meet their commitments due to domestic challenges. Conclusion. The study concludes that international environmental law has been instrumental in global climate change efforts, but enhanced implementation mechanisms and greater international cooperation are necessary to achieve meaningful progress.
Implementation of International Law Principles in Indonesian National Law Budi Prasetyo; Jaden Tan; Rachel Chan
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i1.2071

Abstract

Background. The integration of international law principles into domestic legal systems is a complex and often contentious process. In Indonesia, the implementation of international law principles in national law involves balancing domestic legal norms with the obligations arising from international treaties and conventions. Objective. This study aims to examine how international law principles are implemented in Indonesian national law, focusing on the mechanisms, challenges, and effectiveness of their integration. The research seeks to identify key areas where international law is applied or disregarded in Indonesian legal practice and to provide recommendations for improving alignment with international standards. Method. A qualitative research approach was used, combining legal document analysis, case studies, and interviews with legal scholars, policymakers, and practitioners. This allowed for a comprehensive assessment of the practical application of international law principles in Indonesia’s legal system. Results. The study found that while Indonesia incorporates international law principles in specific areas, such as human rights and environmental law, there is often resistance or inconsistency in their implementation, particularly in areas that conflict with national interests. Conclusion. To enhance the effectiveness of implementing international law principles, this study recommends greater institutional cooperation, clearer legal frameworks, and the establishment of stronger enforcement mechanisms.
The Role of Electronic Evidence in the Civil Case Evidence Process Nikhil Joshi; Rohan Kumar; Priya Patel
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2090

Abstract

Background. The increasing reliance on digital technology has significantly impacted legal proceedings, especially in civil cases, where electronic evidence plays an increasingly central role. With the proliferation of digital communications, social media, and electronic transactions, the types of evidence available have expanded, leading to new challenges for legal professionals in managing and evaluating such evidence. Electronic evidence is now considered a crucial aspect of civil litigation, yet questions remain regarding its admissibility, reliability, and role in the broader evidence process. Objective. This study aims to explore the role of electronic evidence in the civil case evidence process, focusing on its impact on case outcomes, the challenges associated with its handling, and its integration into traditional legal frameworks. Method. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing case studies, legal documents, and expert interviews. The data was analyzed to examine the practical applications of electronic evidence in civil cases and the associated legal and procedural challenges. Results. The findings reveal that while electronic evidence is essential in modern civil litigation, it often faces challenges in terms of authentication, privacy concerns, and its acceptance in court. The study also found that the increasing complexity of digital evidence requires enhanced legal procedures for handling and presenting such evidence effectively. Conclusion. Electronic evidence plays a pivotal role in civil litigation, but its integration into the evidence process requires further legal refinement to address emerging challenges effectively.
Effectiveness of Prison Sentences in Preventing Narcotics Crimes Ingka Harsani Nasution; Ren Suzuki; Miku Fujita
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i1.2091

Abstract

Background. Narcotics-related crimes continue to be a significant issue worldwide, with prison sentences often viewed as a primary deterrent. However, there is limited empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of incarceration in reducing the incidence of narcotics crimes. The question remains whether prison sentences lead to long-term reductions in drug-related offenses or merely function as a short-term punitive measure without addressing underlying issues such as addiction and socio-economic factors. Objective. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of prison sentences in preventing narcotics crimes, focusing on recidivism rates and rehabilitation outcomes for offenders. The research investigates whether incarceration contributes to long-term crime prevention or if alternative approaches, such as rehabilitation programs, offer more sustainable results. Method. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data analysis of recidivism rates from convicted drug offenders and qualitative interviews with legal professionals, offenders, and rehabilitation experts. The data collected spans a five-year period and includes case studies from various correctional facilities. Results. The findings indicate that while prison sentences temporarily reduce narcotics crime, they are less effective in preventing recidivism. Rehabilitation programs integrated into the prison system significantly contributed to reducing reoffending rates, particularly when combined with post-release support. Conclusion. Prison sentences alone are insufficient in preventing narcotics crimes. A more comprehensive approach, including rehabilitation and social reintegration efforts, is necessary for long-term success in reducing narcotics-related offenses.
Protection of Citizens’ Constitutional Rights in the Digital Era Mohamad Sigit Gunawan; Luis Santos; Josefa Flores
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i2.2092

Abstract

Background. The digital era has brought about significant advancements in technology, leading to an increased reliance on digital platforms for communication, transactions, and daily activities. While these technological advancements provide numerous benefits, they also raise concerns about the protection of citizens’ constitutional rights, particularly in terms of privacy, freedom of expression, and data security. Objective. This study aims to examine the protection of citizens’ constitutional rights in the digital era, focusing on the balance between technological innovation and individual rights. The research seeks to assess the effectiveness of existing legal frameworks in safeguarding privacy, freedom of speech, and other fundamental rights in the context of the digital landscape. Method. A qualitative research design was used, employing case studies, legal analysis, and interviews with legal professionals, policymakers, and technology experts. The data collected was analyzed to evaluate how well constitutional rights are protected in digital environments and to identify potential gaps in legal protection. Results. The findings indicate that while there are legal frameworks in place to protect constitutional rights, there are significant challenges in keeping pace with technological advancements. Privacy violations, surveillance concerns, and data breaches were highlighted as key issues. Conclusion. The study concludes that existing legal protections must be adapted to address the challenges posed by the digital era, with a focus on strengthening privacy laws, improving data security, and ensuring accountability in digital platforms.
Effectiveness of Implementing General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) in Public Services Endang Sutrisno; Bruna Costa; Pedro Silva
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i3.2093

Abstract

Background. Public service quality is a crucial component of good governance, and the application of General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) plays a key role in ensuring effective public services. These principles, which include transparency, accountability, fairness, and efficiency, are essential for fostering trust between government institutions and citizens. However, there is a gap in understanding how effectively AUPB are implemented within public services and their impact on service delivery. Objective. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing the General Principles of Good Government (AUPB) in public services. The research focuses on how these principles influence the efficiency, transparency, and quality of services provided by governmental institutions. Method. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with public sector employees and quantitative surveys with citizens receiving public services. Data were collected from various government agencies to assess the practical application of AUPB principles and their impact on service quality. Results. The findings suggest that while AUPB are widely recognized, their implementation varies across institutions. Public services that effectively apply these principles show higher satisfaction rates among citizens, with increased accountability and transparency. Conclusion. The study concludes that implementing AUPB significantly improves the quality and transparency of public services, but challenges remain in ensuring consistent application across all governmental sectors.
The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Law Enforcement and Human Rights Siska Karina; Razia Khan; Amir Raza
Rechtsnormen: Journal of Law Vol. 3 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/rjl.v3i4.2094

Abstract

Background. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play a pivotal role in the realm of law enforcement and human rights. In recent decades, their influence has expanded significantly, especially in areas where government action is either insufficient or absent. NGOs often bridge gaps in legal and human rights protection by advocating for vulnerable populations, monitoring abuses, and holding governments accountable. Objective. This study aims to evaluate the role of NGOs in law enforcement and human rights, with a particular focus on their contributions to legal reforms, advocacy for victims, and international collaborations. The research explores how NGOs influence law enforcement mechanisms and contribute to the advancement of human rights protections across different regions. Method. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing case studies, interviews with NGO leaders, legal experts, and human rights advocates, and document analysis of reports and legal frameworks where NGOs have had significant influence. Results. The study found that NGOs significantly impact human rights law enforcement, especially in regions with weak legal frameworks. They provide essential resources for victims, influence policy changes, and sometimes fill gaps left by state institutions. However, challenges such as limited funding and political resistance affect their effectiveness. Conclusion. NGOs are indispensable in promoting human rights and enforcing laws in under-served regions. Their role should be enhanced through stronger partnerships with governments and international organizations.

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