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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 639 Documents
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HUBUNGAN TIPE THALASSEMIA β SERTA POLIMORFISME C.-582 A>G PROMOTOR GEN HAMP DAN STATUS BESI THALASSEMIA β BERAT BARU Susanah, Susi; Idjradinata, Ponpon
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Kelebihan besi merupakan penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas penderita thalassemia ? berat. Terdapat berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi status besi thalassemia ? berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis  hubungan  tipe thalassemia ? serta polimorfisme c.-582 A>G promotor gen hepcidine antimicrobacterial peptide (HAMP) dengan status besi thalassemia ? berat baru. Penelitian dengan metode potong lintang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin/Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung selama November?Desember 2012. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita thalassemia ? berat yang baru didiagnosis berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan laboratorium. Subjek belum pernah mendapatkan transfusi darah dan memiliki kadar C-reactive protein normal. Status besi dinilai dengan mengukur kadar feritin serum (FS) dan saturasi transferin (ST). Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji-t, Uji Mann-Whitney, dan uji chi-kuadrat. Didapatkan 29 subjek thalassemia ? berat baru, 24 thalassemia ? mayor dan 5 thalassemia ?/HbE berat. Tidak ada perbedaan status besi antara kedua tipe thalassemia ? berat baru maupun antara yang mengalami polimorfisme dan yang tidak mengalami polimorfisme c.-582 A>G promotor gen HAMP (p>0,05). Simpulan, tipe thalassemia ? berat dan polimorfisme c.-582  A>G promotor gen HAMP tidak berhubungan dengan status besi penderita thalassemia ? berat yang baru didiagnosis. [MKB. 2015;47(3):192-98]Kata kunci: Feritin, polimorfisme c.-582 A>G promotor gen HAMP, saturasi transferin, thalassemia ? berat Association of ?-thalassemia Type and Polymorphisms of c.-582 A>G Promoter HAMP Gene and Iron Status in Newly Diagnosed Severe ?-thalassemiaAbstractIron overload is the common  cause of morbidity and mortality in severe ?-thalassemia patients. Many factors influence the  iron status in severe ?-thalassemia. This study aimed to analyze the association of ?-thalassemia type, polymorphism c.-582 A>G promotor hepcidine antimicrobacterial peptide (HAMP) gene,  and  iron  status in newly diagnosed severe ?-thalassemia. A cross-sectional study was performed at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung from November to December 2012. Subjects were newly diagnosed severe ?-thalassemia patients who were diagnosed based on clinical manifestation and laboratory examination. Subjects had not received any blood transfusion before and had normal CRP level. Transferrin saturation (TS) and serum ferritin (SF) levels indicate iron status. The statistical analysis was performed using t test, Mann-Whitney, and Chi square test. Twenty nine subjects were diagnosed as newly severe ?-thalassemia, 24 ?-thalassemia mayor and 5 with severe ?-thalassemia/HbE. There was no difference in the iron status between the two types of severe ?-thalassemia  and  between those with and without polymorphism of c.-582 A>G promotor HAMP gene in  newly  diagnosed severe  ?-thalassemia (p>0.05). In conclusiosn, the  ?-thalassemia type and polymorphism of c.-582 A>G  promotor HAMP  gene do  not  associate with the iron status  in  newly diagnosed severe ?-thalassemia patients.  [MKB. 2015;47(3):192-98]Key words: Ferritin, polymorphism of  c.-582 A>G  promotor HAMP gene, severe ?-thalassemia, transferrin ration DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n3.599
STUDI GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI HEPAR TIKUS PUTIH STRAIN WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI ASPIRIN PASCAPEMBERIAN EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI ILES-ILES (AMORPHOPHALLUS VARIABILIS BL.) SELAMA 7 HARI Makiyah, Arfatul; Khumaisah, Lela Laelatul
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (46.143 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n2.1323

Abstract

Paradigma yang berkembang di masyarakat kita saat ini ramuan tradisional dikarenakan bahan-bahannya berasal dari alam adalah tidak berbahaya dan tidak mempunyai efek samping. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus putih strain Wistar yang diinduksi aspirin pasca pemberian ekstrak umbi iles-iles (Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Farmakologi Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan April?Mei 2018.  Tikus putih strain Wistar sebanyak 20 ekor dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Tikus putih strain wistar pada setiap perlakuan diberikan ekstrak iles-iles secara oral selama 7 hari pada tanggal 8?14 April 2018. Parameter gambaran histopatologi hepar tikus putih strain wistar yang diinduksi aspirin pascapemberian ekstrak umbi iles-iles (Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.) dengan dosis yang berbeda (0 mg/kgBB, 220 mg/kgBB, 110 mg/kgBB, 55 mg/kgBB) adalah preparat histopatologi hepar masing-masing dilakukan 5 lapang pandang mikroskopik. Hasil penelitian hasil Uji Kruskall Wallis menunjukkan bahwa kelompok tikus putih strain Wistar yang diberi ekstrak dengan dosis masing-masing 110 dan 220 mg/kgBB lebih banyak (p<0,05) tikus putih strain Wistar yang mengalami penebalan septa interalveolaris dibanding dengan kelompok I (kontrol). Pemberian ekstrak terstandar etanol umbi iles-iles dosis tunggal 110 mg/kgBB dan 220 mg/kgBB pada tikus putih strain Wistar tampak menimbulkan perubahan histopatologi berupa radang, nekrosis, kongesti, dan perlemakan hepar. Kata kunci:  Ekstrak Etanol, histopatologi, umbi Iles-iles (Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.) Liver Histopathological Features in White Wistar Rats Induced with Aspirin After 7 Days Administration of Ethanol Extract from Iles-iles Bulb(Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.) The society currently has a paradigm that traditional medicine is safer because the ingredients come from nature, making them harmless and no side effects should be experienced. The aim of this study was to identify the histopathological features of aspirin-induced Wistar rats after the administration of iles-iles bulb extract (Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.). This study was conducted at the Pharmacology Laboratory of Universitas Padjadjaran in April to May 2018. Twenty Wistar white rat strain were divided into 4 groups treated by 4 different doses of iles-iles extract i.e., 0, 55, 110, and 220 mg/kg BW. Wistar strain white rats on each treatment received iles-iles extract orally for 7 days during the period of 8 to14 of April 2018. The histopathological feature parameters of Wistar rats induced with aspirin after 7 days administrations of iles-iles extract (Amorphophallus variabilis Bl.) were then observed. Results based on analysis using Kruskall Wallis test showed that many rats in the groups treated by 110 and 220 mg/kgBW extract (p<0.05) presented thickened interalveolar septum when compared to group I (control). Provision of standardized ethanol extract of iles-iles tuber using a single dose of 110 mg/kgBW and 220 mg/kgBW in white mice of Wistar strains appears to cause histopathological changes such as inflammation, necrosis, congestion, and changes in hepatic fatty acids.Key words: Ethanol extract, histopathology, iles-iles tubers (Amorphophallus  variabilis Bl.) 
Hubungan Imunoekspresi CD34 dengan Gradasi dan Stadium (Duke) pada Adenokarsinoma Kolorektal Yulianti, Herry; Hernowo, Bethy S.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Karsinoma kolorektal umum terjadi di Eropa Barat Laut dan Amerika Utara, tetapi rendah di Afrika, Asia, dan Amerika Selatan. Di Indonesia, karsinoma kolorektal merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat dan merupakan tiga penyakit kanker terbanyak. Angiogenesis adalah pertumbuhan dan proliferasi pembuluh darah baru dari pembuluh darah yang sudah ada. Secara imuno histokimia, mikrovaskular dapat diidentifikasi dengan menggunakanmonoklonal cluster of differentiation (CD34) antibodi. Pada beberapa penelitian, microvascular density (MVD) berhubungan dengan gradasi histologi, stadium, metastasis, dan prognosis tumor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan ekspresi CD34 dengan gradasi dan stadium (klasifikasi Duke) pada karsinoma kolorektal. Metode penelitian adalah cross sectional terhadap 40 kasus adenokarsinoma kolorektal yang berasal dari Departemen Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung-Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran tahun 2004–2005. Potongan blok parafin dari jaringan kolorektal karsinoma diwarnai dengan hematoksilin eosin untuk evaluasi histologi dan imunohistokimia menggunakan monoclonal CD34 antibody. Penghitungan MVD yang imunoreaktif dilakukan di bawah mikroskop cahaya dengan pembesaran 400x, dihitung rata-rata pada 5 tempat daerah neovaskularisasi yang paling padat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan MVD dengan stadium (p<0,01) dan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara MVD dan gradasi (p<0,05). Simpulan, hubungan MVD dengan kedalaman invasi dan metastasis ke kelenjar limfe yang dinilai dengan klasifikasi Duke dan CD34 dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi prognosis, memperkirakan kemungkinan metastasis melalui pembuluh darah, dan memprediksi respons terhadap terapi antiangiogenik. [MKB. 2013;45(4):240–4]Kata kunci: Adenokarsinoma kolorektal, CD34, gradasi, klasifikasi DukeCorrelation between CD34 Immunoexpression and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Grade and Stage (Duke) Carcinoma colorectal is commonly found in Nortwest Europe and North America, but not frequently found in Africa, Asia and South America. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a public health problem in Indonesia and currently ranks among the three most common cancers. Angiogenesis is the growth and proliferation of new blood vessels from existing vasculature. Microvessels were identified immunohistochemically using monoclonal cluster of differentiation (CD34) antibody. Several studies have noted that microvascular density (MVD) correlates with stage of disease, histological grade, metastasis, and prognosis in cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the relation between CD34 immunoexpresion and grade and stage (Duke classification) in colorectal adenocarcinoma. This is a cross sectional study with 40 colorectal carcinoma cases from Department of Pathology Anatomy, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital/Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung during 2004−2005. A section from paraffin embedded tissue of colorectal carcinoma was stained with hematoxylin eosin for histological and immunohistochemical evaluations using monoclonal CD34 antibody. Microvascular density was counted in five tumor areas with most intensive neovascularization using 400x field light microscopy. A significant correlation was found between the MVD and stage (p<0.01) while no significant relationship found between MVD and different grade (p<0.05). In conclusion, correlations are found between MVD with tumor invation depth and lymph node metastases determined by the Duke’ staging system and CD34 can be used to predict prognosis, possibility of hematogenous metastases and responses to antiangiogenic therapy. [MKB. 2013;45(4):240–4]Key words: Adenocarcinoma colorectal, CD34, Duke clasification, grade DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n4.171
PENGARUH PREDNISON TERHADAP PERBAIKAN PENDENGARAN PENDERITA LUPUS ERITEMATOSUS Wijana, Wijana; Mutiara, Ira Agustine; Agustian, Ratna Aggraeni
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) merupakan penyakit kronik mengenai multisistem, merupakan gangguan autoimun yang ditandai oleh produksi autoantibodi dan deposisi kompleks imun di jaringan. Manifestasi klinis dapat meliputi berbagai organ termasuk telinga. Pada telinga dapat menimbulkan gangguan dengar, tinitus, dan vertigo. Gangguan dengar terjadi bilateral pada frekuensi tinggi. Prednison merupakan kortikosteroid oral yang memiliki efek glukokortikoid yang bersifat anti-inflamasi dan imunosupresif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh prednison terhadap perbaikan pendengaran penderita LES. Penelitian dilakukan periode Maret?Mei 2013 di Poliklinik Gangguan Dengar dan Bicara, Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala dan Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung menggunakan metode quasi-experimental dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest design dan hasilnya dihitung secara statistik menggunakan uji Rank Spearman. Pada 28 subjek pasien LES dilakukan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisis, laboratorium, audiometri nada murni, timpanometri, dan distortion production otoacoustic emissions. Subjek diberi prednison 1 mg/kgBB/hari (dosis maksimal 60 mg/hari) selama 4 minggu, kemudian dilakukan evaluasi ulang. Sebelum terapi, 26 subjek mengalami gangguan dengar sedang pada frekuensi tinggi, simetris. Sesudah terapi, 24 subjek ambang dengar menjadi normal dan 4 subjek tetap mengalami gangguan dengar (Rs=0,734; p<0,01). Simpulan, prednison dapat memperbaiki status pendengaran penderita LES.  [MKB. 2016;48(2):112?7]Kata kunci: Gangguan dengar, lupus eritematosus sistemik, prednisonPrednisone Effect to on Hearing Status of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus PatientsSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multi-system, autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of autoantibodies and immune complexes deposition in tissue. Clinical manifestations may include skin, mucosa, joints, blood, heart, lungs, kidneys, central nervous system (CNS), immune system, and ears. SLE Iin the ears can caused sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. This hearing disorder is commonly bilateral and has high frequencies. Prednisone is an oral corticosteroid with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid effects. Glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prednisone in improving the degree of hearing loss in patients with SLE. This study was conducted in from March?May 2013, at tThe Hearing and Speech Disorder Clinic of Ear Nose Throat-Head and Neck Surgery, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, using quasi-experimental method with pre-post design in which the results were statistically calculated using Rank Spearman test. This study involved 28 subjects who had been diagnosed for SLE. Anamnesis, physical examination, and laboratory test were performed, followed by pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, and distortion product optoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Subjects were given prednisone 1 mg/kgBW/day with a maximum dose of 6o mg/day. Re-evaluation was performed after 4 weeksof treatment. Before treatment, 26 subjects had mild hearing loss and 2 subjects had symmetric moderate hearing loss at high frequencies symmetrically. After therapy, 24 subjects became normal and 4 subjects still had hearing loss (Rs=0.734, p<0.01). In conclusion, prednisone can improve hearing status of SLE patients. [MKB. 2016;48(2):112?7]Key words: Hearing loss, prednisone, systemic lupus erythematosus DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n2.765
EFFECT OF ACUTE AEROBIC PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON SKELETAL MUSCLE MYOD GENE EXPRESSION OF WISTAR RATS Setiawan, Setiawan; Aldo, Mochammad; Goenadi, Julia Windi; Goenawan, Hanna; Pratiwi, Yuni Susanti; Lesmana, Ronny
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (459.745 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v51n1.1665

Abstract

Aerobic physical activity is known to induce skeletal muscle adaptation. Some genes, including MyoD, are known to have a major role in the process of muscle adaptation. Several studies has stated that the expression of MyoD increases during the aerobic activity process; however, the studies were carried out in a single bout. Studies on the effects of acute phase exercise (<2 weeks) are still rare, especially those regarding the difference effect of acute training phase at different times. This study was performed in 2018 at the Central Laboratory and Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. The aim of this study was to determine the different effects of MyoD gene expression in a two-week acute aerobic physical activity. The effects were measured in the skeletal muscle in day 3, 7, and 14 of the activity. Twenty four male rats (rattus novergicus) were divided into 4 groups. Those rats in the treatment groups were run on an animal treadmill (P1=3 days, P2=7 days, and P3=14 days). On the last day of ran, rats were sacrificed and the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were dissected. The expression of the MyoD gene in both muscles was then amplified using reversed PCR and detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. This study showed that there were differencesin MyoD gene expression levels in both muscles and that the level increased with days of treatment, although it was statistically insignificant. This study concludes that the MyoD gene expression level is not significantly affected by an acute aerobic physical activity in certain periods (3, 7 and 14 days).Key words: Acute, Aerobic physical activity, gastrocnemius, MyoD, rats, soleus Perbedaan Pengaruh Aktivitas Aerobik Akut Intensitas Sedang terhadap Ekspresi Gen MyoD pada Otot Rangka Tikus Galur WistarAktivitas fisik aerobik diketahui menginduksi adaptasi otot rangka. Beberapa gen diketahui memiliki peran utama dalam proses adaptasi otot termasuk MyoD. Dalam beberapa penelitian diketahui bahwa ekspresi MyoD meningkat selama proses aktivitas aerobik, tetapi penelitian dilakukan dalam pertarungan tunggal. Penelitian tentang efek latihan fase akut (<2 minggu) masih belum banyak dilakukan, terutama mengenai perbedaan efek fase latihan akut pada periode tertentu (3, 7, dan 14 hari). Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2018 di Laboratorium Sentral dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Hewan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan efek ekspresi gen MyoD dalam aktivitas fisik aerobik akut pada berbagai hari (3, 7, 14 hari) pada otot rangka. 24 tikus jantan Rattus novergicus dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan dijalankan dengan treadmill hewan (P1=3 hari, P2=7 hari, dan P3=14 hari). Pada hari terakhir, tikus dikorbankan dengan soleus dan otot gastroknemius dibedah. Ekspresi gen MyoD pada kedua otot kemudian diamplifikasi menggunakan PCR terbalik dan dideteksi dengan elektroforesis gel agarosa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan perbedaan level ekspresi gen MyoD pada kedua otot, hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan level perawatan per hari, walaupun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pada otot gastrocnemius tidak terlihat efek yang berbeda dari durasi aktivitas fisik aerobik terhadap tingkat ekspresi gen MyoD, hanya otot soleus menunjukkan perubahan dan peningkatan ekspresi konsisten terlihat pada hari ke 14 (3, 7, dan 14 hari).Kata kunci: Aktivitas fisik aerobik, akut, gastroknemius, MyoD, soleus, tikus   
HUBUNGAN KADAR IL-8 SEKRET MUKOSA HIDUNG PADA RINOSINUSITIS KRONIK TANPA POLIP-NONALERGI DENGAN FUNGSI PENGHIDU SETELAH PEMBERIAN ANTIBIOTIK MAKROLID Candra, Edo Wira; Sumarman, Iwin; Ratunanda, Sinta Sari; Madiadipoera, Teti
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Rinosinusitis kronik (RSK) merupakan inflamasi kronik dengan etiologi multifaktorial. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) adalah sitokin proinflamasi yang dominan pada RSK tanpa polip-nonalergi. Penurunan fungsi penghidu merupakan suatu gejala yang sering dikeluhkan. Klaritromisin merupakan antibiotik makrolid yang efektif karena memiliki efek antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbaikan gejala klinis, fungsi penghidu dan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung, serta mencari korelasi IL-8 dengan fungsi penghidu pada RSK tanpa polip-nonalergi.Penelitian ini merupakan randomized clinical trial open labeled pre and posttest design. Data dianalisis memakai Uji Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, dan korelasi Rank Spearman. Penelitian berlangsung di poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada 26 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama diberikan klaritromisin dan kelompok kedua diberikan amoksisilin-klavulanat. Diagnosis berdasarkan penilaian skor gejala dengan visual analogue scale (VAS), nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu dengan sniffin sticks test, dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung dengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Didapatkan perbaikan VAS, nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu, dan kadar IL-8 yang signifikan (p=0,001) pada kedua kelompok pascaterapi, dan penurunan skor VAS total yang signifikan pada kelompok klaritromisin (p=0,036). Terdapat korelasi signifikan penurunan kadar IL-8 dengan peningkatan fungsi penghidu (p=0,05) dan dengan gejala hidung tersumbat (p=0,022) hanya pada kelompok klaritromisin. Simpulan, pemberian klaritromisin efektif menurunkan gejala klinis terutama hidung tersumbat, meningkatkan fungsi penghidu, dan menurunkan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung pada RSK tanpa polip nonalergi. [MKB. 2014;46(1):6?14]Kata kunci: Interleukin-8, klaritromisin, rinosinusitis kronik tanpa polip nonalergi, sniffin sticks testCorrelation between IL-8 level of Nasal Secretion in Non Allergic-Chronic Rhinosunusitis without Nasal Polyp and Olfactory Function After Macrolide Treatment Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by multifactorial etiology. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) plays an important role as a major proinflammatory cytokine in non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp. The common symptom is olfactory function disturbance. Claritrhomycin as a macrolide antibiotics is effective for CRS because of their antibacterial and antiinflamatory activities. The purpose of this study was to observe improvement of clinical symptom depending on the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, olfactory function, IL-8 level of nasal secretion, and correlation between IL-8 with olfactory function in non-allergic CRS without nasal polyp. This was a randomized controlled trial open labeled pre- and post-test design. Data analysis used Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, and rank Spearman correlation test. This study was conducted at the Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Division of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. There were 26 subjects divided in two groups, the first group was given clarithromycin and the second group was given amoxicillin-clavulanate. The two groups underwent visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment, nasoendoscopy, sniffing sticks test and nasal secretion of IL-8 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The two groups had a significant improvement VAS score after therapy (p=0.001) and clarithromycin group showed a statistically significant (p=0.036) effect on decreasing the total VAS score compared to the amoxcicillin-clavulanate group. There was significant correlations between decreasing IL-8 level, increasing olfactory function (p=0.05), and nasal obstruction symptom in VAS (p=0.022) was showed only in clarithromycin group. In conclusion, clarithromycin is effective in reducing clinical symptoms, especially in nasal obstruction, increasing olfactory function and decreasing IL-8 of nasal mucous secretion in non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp. [MKB. 2014;46(1):6?14]Key words: Clarithromycin, interleukin-8, non allergic-chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp, sniffin sticks test DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n1.221
Motivasi Kader Meningkatkan Keberhasilan Kegiatan Posyandu Djuhaeni, Henni; Gondodiputro, Sharon; Suparman, Rossi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 4
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Salah satu komponen sistem kesehatan di Indonesia adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat, khususnya posyandu yang keberhasilan kegiatannya bergantung pada peran serta kader dan masyarakat. Peran serta kader dan masyarakat sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor motivasi yang mereka miliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh serta faktor motivasi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap peran serta kader dan masyarakat dalam kegiatan posyandu di Kabupaten Kuningan selama tahun 2009. Metode penelitian cross sectional explanatory survey dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Total sampel sebanyak 300 responden, terdiri dari masing-masing 100 orang untuk kader aktif dan tidak aktif yang diambil secara multistage sampling serta 100 orang masyarakat sebagai kontrol diambil secara purposive sampling. Motivasi internal dan eksternal sebagai variabel independen dan partisipasi kader/masyarakat sebagai variabel dependen, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik structural equation modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa faktor motivasi berpengaruh terhadap peran serta kader dan masyarakat dalam posyandu. Meskipun demikian terdapat berbagai variasi pengaruh, pada kader aktif motivasi eksternal lebih berpengaruh (p=0,97) dibandingkan dengan motivasi internal (p=-0,41). Pada kader tidak aktif terjadi hal sebaliknya, sedangkan pada masyarakat, kedua faktor motivasi menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak bermakna. Simpulan, pengaruh dan perbedaan pengaruh motivasi terhadap peran serta kader dan masyarakat menentukan keberhasilan kegiatan posyandu. [MKB. 2010;42(4):140–8].Cadres Motivation as the Drive for the Success of PosyanduOne of the most important component of the health system in Indonesia is community empowerment, especially posyandu, which depends on their cadres and the community. It was hypothetically assumed that motivation will increase the participation for both cadres and community in the posyandu. The study aims were to analyze the effect of motivation and also determine which motivation factors that had the most influence towards participation in Kuningan district during 2009. The method adapted cross sectional explanatory survey using questionnaire. A total of 300 respondents were carried out, consisting 100 respondents each taken from active and inactive cadres (multistage sampling) and other 100 taken from the community (purposive sampling). Independent variables (internal and external motivation) and dependent variables (community participation) were mentioned and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The results showed that motivation were actually had influence towards participations for both cadres and community in posyandu. However, the effect varies between groups. On active cadres, external motivation had more influence (p=0.97) compared to internal motivation (p=-0.41). The exact opposite happened in inactive cadres (internal more than external) and community. It can be concluded that cadres motivation is important as the drive for the success of posyandu. [MKB. 2010;42(4):140–8]. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n4.26
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERSPEKTIF MAHASISWA TENTANG PENUAAN DAN KEADAAN TUA Patrick, -; Arieselia, Zita; Rukmini, Elisabeth
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Perspektif akan penuaan dan keadaan tua yang negatif akan memudar bila sejak muda ditanamkan pandangan positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pengetahuan dan mencari korelasi antara pengetahuan dan perspektif mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran (FK) dan Teknobiologi (FTb) mengenai penuaan dan keadaan tua. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik komparatif dan korelatif dengan metode potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di FTb dan FK Unika Atma Jaya periode Januari?Mei 2013. Pengetahuan mengenai penuaan dan keadaan tua diukur dengan Facts about Aging Quiz 1 (FAQ 1). Perspektif terhadap penuaan dan kondisi tua diukur dengan Anxiety about Aging  Scale (AAS) dan Aging Semantic Differential (ASD). Sampel sebanyak masing-masing 45 mahasiswa FK dan FTb. Data FAQ 1 memperlihatkan pengetahuan mahasiswa FK dan FTb mengenai penuaan dan keadaan tua kurang baik serta tidak ada perbedaan bermakna (p=0,199). Data AAS memperlihatkan kecenderungan responden tidak takut terhadap lansia, tidak khawatir dengan keadaan fisiologisnya, kurang memperhatikan penampilan fisik, dan tidak takut kehilangan. Data ASD menunjukkan kecenderungan responden merasa lansia akan lebih berguna, tidak bergantung pada orang lain, dan mampu menerima diri sendiri. Uji korelasi FAQ 1 dengan AAS dan ASD tidak menunjukkan hubungan sehingga dapat disimpulkan tidak ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan perspektif terhadap penuaan dan keadaan tua.Kata kunci: Keadaan tua, mahasiswa, penuaan Students? Knowledge and Perspectives on Aged and AgingAbstractThe negative perspectives on aged and aging will be diminished if positive perspectives on aged condition and aging have been introduced in young age. This study aimed to compare and test the relationship between knowledge and perspective toward aged condition and aging among medical and biotechnology students. This study was a comparative analytical and correlative study with a cross-sectional method in the period of January to May 2013 conducted at the School of Biotechnology and the School of Medicine Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. Knowledge towards aged condition and aging was measured using the Facts about Aging Quiz 1 (FAQ 1). Perspective towards aged condition and aging was measured using the Anxiety about Aging Scale (AAS) and the Aging Semantic Differential (ASD). There were 45 students from each school.. Knowledge about aged condition and aging of the medical and biotechnology students was quite low. There were no significant differences (p=0.199) between the two groups. The AAS data showed that respondents did not have any fear of old people.They were also not really concern about physiological and physical appearances and were not afraid of lost. The ASD data showed that they tended to have positive views: the elderly people are useful, independent, and able to accept their condition. The correlation tests between FAQ 1-AAS and FAQ 1-ASD showed no correlation. In conclusion, there is no relationship between knowledge and perspective towards aged condition and aging.Key words: Aged, aging, students DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n4.339
EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN NATRIUM DIKLOFENAK TERHADAP LARUTAN OBAT DILATASI PUPIL PADA PASIEN RETINOPATI DIABETIK Kartasasmita, Arief S.; Sovani, Iwan; Setyohadji, Bambang; Karfiati, Feti; Prahasta, Andika
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pemeriksaan fundus memerlukan akses visualisasi yang baik. Pada penderita diabetes melitus, pupil sulit lebar menggunakan obat pelebar pupil standar sehingga perlu ditambahkan agen pelebar pupil. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo periode Januari sampai Juli 2014 menggunakan metode double masked rendomized cotrolled trial terhadap 64 mata dari 32 subjek penelitian yang telah didiagnosis menderita retinopati diabetika dengan tingkat yang sama antara mata kiri dan kanan. Dibuat larutan kombinasi campuran 10 mL tropikamid 0,5%/fenilefrin 0,5%, 10 mL fenilefrin 5% dan 10 ml 0,1% Na diklofenak (larutan I) dan campuran 10 mL tropikamid 0,5%/fenilefrin 0,5%, dan 10 mL fenilefrin 5% (larutan II). Setiap subjek mendapat salah satu larutan pada mata dan larutan yang lain pada sebelahnya secara acak. Dilakukan pemantauan dengan cara memotret pupil pada menit ke-15, 20, dan 25 pada kedua mata. Lebar pupil kedua kelompok perlakuan diukur dengan perangkat lunak khusus (image processing). Dari penenelitian terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara penggunaan larutan I dan larutan II dalam melebarkan pupil baik pada menit ke-15 (t=2,02; p=0,047), menit ke 20 (t=2,23; p=0,029), dan pada menit ke-25 (t=2,041; p=0,045). Larutan kombinasi fenilefrin, tropikamid, dan natrium diklofenak menghasilkan efek dilatasi pupil yang lebih baik dibanding dengan larutan kombinasi fenilefrin dan tropikamid saja pada kasus retinopati diabetes. [MKB. 2017;49(3):199?207]Kata kunci: Dilatasi pupil, natrium diklofenak, retinopati diabetika Effectiveness of Sodium Diclofenac Addition to Pupil Dilatation Agent on Diabetic Retinopathy PatientsFundus examination requires good visualization of fundus. In diabetic patients, it is difficult for the pupil to dilate using the standard pupilarry dilating agent. To achieve proper dilation, special agents have to be added to the standard dilation agent. The study was conducted in Cicendo Eye Hospital from January to July 2014, using double masked randomized controlled trial to 32 patients (64 eyes) who were diagnosed as suffering from diabetic retinopathy with the same grade on both eyes. Eye drop solutions were developed beforehand by mixing 10 mL of 0.5% tropicamide/0.5% phenylephrine, 10 mL of 5% phenylephrine, and 10 mL of 0.1% diclofenac-natrium (solution I) and also by mixing 10 mL of 0.5% tropicamide/0.5% phenylephrine and 10 mL of 5% phenylephrine (solution II). Every subject received one drop of one solution on one eye and the other solution on the other eye in randomly fashion. The observation was performed by taking photographs of the pupil on both eyes 15, 20, and 25 minutes of observation. The resulting pupil photographs were then analyzed and measured using special image processing software and compared. It was revealed that there were statistical differences in pupil dilation between solution I and solution II at 15 minutes (t=2.02; p=0.047), 20 minutes (t=2.23, p=0.029), and 25 minutes (t=2.041, p=0.045). Phenilefrine, tropicamide and diclofenac-natrium combination solution provides better dilation effect on the pupil compared to the combination of phenilefrine and tropicamide alone in diabetic retinopathy patient. [MKB. 2017;49(3):199?207]Key words: Diabetic retinopathy, natrium diclofenac, pupil dilatation
Pengaruh Pemberian Jeruk dengan Nanas pada Kadar Malondialdehid Plasma Subjek Terpapar Polusi Gas Buang Kendaraan Bermotor Yusnita, -; Nugraha, Gaga Irawan
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Faktor lingkungan seperti polusi udara akibat gas buang kendaraan bermotor dapat meningkatkan pembentukan radikal bebas di dalam tubuh. Hasil penelitian Departemen Teknik Lingkungan Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) pada Desember 2006 menunjukkan kecenderungan peninggian polusi udara antara lain terjadi di tempat yang menjadi pusat kemacetan khususnya di kawasan padat lalu lintas di Kota Bandung seperti di Jalan Merdeka. Kadar radikal bebas di dalam tubuh dapat diketahui dengan mengukur kadar malondialdehid (MDA) plasma. Antioksidan diperlukan untuk menangkal efek radikal bebas akibat polusi udara. Jeruk dan nanas merupakan sumber antioksidan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh pemberian jeruk dengan nanas pada kadar MDA plasma subjek yang terpapar polusi gas buang kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental terhadap 21 orang yang bekerja di Jalan Merdeka, berusia 20–40 tahun yang dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yang dilakukan pada bulan Januari–Juli 2010. Kelompok pertama diberikan jeruk sebanyak 300 g selama 14 hari. Kelompok kedua diberikan nanas sebanyak 300 g selama 14 hari. Kelompok ketiga adalah kelompok kontrol. Kadar MDA plasma diukur sebelum dan setelah perlakuan. Data dianalisis dengan uji t berpasangan dan uji t tidak berpasangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar MDA plasma setelah pemberian jeruk (1,42±0,29 vs 0,68±0,29) (p<0,05) dan setelah pemberian nanas (0,73±0,20 vs 0,40±0,13) (p<0,05). Penurunan kadar MDA plasma setelah pemberian jeruk lebih besar daripada nanas (0,74 ± 0,33 vs 0,24 ± 0,24) (p<0,05). Simpulan, jeruk lebih besar dalam menurunkan kadar MDA plasma pada subjek yang terpapar polusi gas buang kendaraan bermotor daripada nanas. [MKB. 2013;45(2):91–7]Kata kunci: Antioksidan, jeruk, malondialdehid plasma, nanas, polusi udara, radikal bebas The Effects of Orange and Pineapple Supplementation on Plasma Malondialdehyde Concentration in Subject Exposed to Air PollutionEnvironmental insults such as air polution from vehicle emission could increase generation of free radicals inside human body. A study conducted in December 2006 by the Department of Environmental Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology, revealed an increased tendency of air pollution production in certain areas in Bandung such as Jl. Merdeka where busy traffic frequently occurs. The amount of free radicals inside the body can be detected by measuring concentrations of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA). Antioxidants are needed to counteract the damaging effects of increased free radical formation due to air pollution insult. Pineapples and orange are antioxidant food sources. This study aims to find out the differences between orange and pineapple supplementation effects on plasma MDA concentration in subjects exposed to air pollution. The study is an experimental research concerning 21 subjects whom were working on Jl. Merdeka, page between 20--40 years old in January–July 2010. They were divided into three groups. The first group was given 300 grams of orange for 14 days. The second group was given 300 grams of pineapple for 14 days. The third group was the control group. Plasma MDA concentration was measured prior to and after the treatment. The data were analyzed using paired and independent t-test. The study revealed a lower plasma MDA concentration in subjects receiving orange (1.42±0.29 vs 0.68±0.29) (p<0.05) and in subjects receiving pineapple (0.73±0.20 vs0.40±0.13) (p<0.05). Plasma MDA concentration lowering effect of orange supplementation is greater than that of the pineapple supplementation (0.74±0.33 vs 0.24±0.24) (p<0.05). In conclusion, plasma MDA concentrationlowering effect of orange is greater than pineapple in subjects exposed to air pollution. [MKB. 2013;45(2):91–7]Key words: Air pollution, antioxidant, free radicals, orange, pineapple, plasma malondialdehyde DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n2.90

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