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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 639 Documents
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Efek Antihiperkolesterol Jus Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap Mencit Galur Swiss Webster Hiperkolesterolemia Surialaga, Samsudin; Dhianawaty, Diah; Martiana, Anna; A. S, Andreanus
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Kadar kolesterol darah yang melebihi batas normal merupakan pemicu bermacam penyakit. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui efek antihiperkolesterol jus buah belimbing wuluh, dilakukan pada bulan Maret–Juni 2011 di Sekolah Farmasi Institut Teknologi Bandung. Mencit galur Swiss Webster dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu pencegahan dan pengobatan, tiap kelompok dibagi menjadi empat subkelompok: kontrol negatif hidup normal, tiga subkelompok lainnya kontrol positif, pembanding dan uji (belimbing) diberi pakan tinggi kolesterol dan propiltiourasil 0,26 mg/20 gBB/hari. Pada ketiga subkelompok pencegahan perlakuan di atas disertai pemberian berturut-turut 20 mg tragakan, simvastatin 0,026 mg/20 gBB/hari, dan 0,12 g jus belimbing/20 gBB/hari selama 30 hari. Untuk kelompok pengobatan setelah 30 hari ketiga subkelompoknya diberi tragakan, simvastatin, dan jus belimbing seperti subkelompok pencegahan selama 30 hari. Kadar kolesterol diukur dengan spektrofotometer dan diuji dengan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dilanjutkan dengan uji student-t. Pada kelompok pencegahan perbedaan kadar kolesterol subkelompok kontrol positif 158,5 mg/dL dan belimbing 129,7 mg/dL bermakna (p<0,01), pada kelompok pengobatan tidak bermakna. Simpulan, jus belimbing wuluh dapat mencegah peningkatan kadar kolesterol tetapi tidak dapat mengobati. [MKB. 2013;45(2):125–9]Kata kunci: Antihiperkolesterolemia, Averhoa bilimbi L., belimbing wuluhAnti-hypercholesterol Effect of Averhoa bilimbi L. Fruit Juice on Swiss Webster Strain Mice HypercholesterolemiaBlood cholesterol level which were higher than normal is a trigger of various diseases. The objective of the research was to know the anti-hypercholesterol effect of Averhoa bilimbi L. fruit juice, done in March–June 2011 at School of Pharmacy Institute Technology of Bandung. Webster strain mice were divided into two groups there were preventive and curative. Each group was divided into four subgroups: negative control was normal life, the three subgroups other positive control, reference and test (Averhoa) received high-cholesterol meal and 0.26 mg/20 gBW/day of prophylthiouracyl. At preventive group the treatment above was participated with 20 mg tragacanth, 0.026 mg/20 gBW/day simvastatin, and 0.12 g juice/20 gBW/day respectively during 30 days. For curative group 30 days later the three subgroups other received tragacanth, simvastatin, and juice as subgroups of preventive group during 30 days. The cholesterol levels were measured with spectrophotometer and were examined with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and were continued with student-t test. At preventive group the different of cholesterol level between subgroup control positive 158.5 mg/dL and Averhoa 129.7 mg/dL was significant p<0.01, at curative group were not significant. In conclusion, Averhoa fruit juice can prevent increasing of cholesterol level, but cannot cure. [MKB. 2013;45(2):125–9]Key words: Anti-hypercholesterolemia, Averhoa bilimbi L., small carambola DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n2.113
Analisis Filogenetik Gen L1 Human Papillomavirus 16 pada Penderita Kanker Serviks di Bandung Fadhilah, Fitri Rahmi; Sahiratmadja, Edhyana K.; Safitri, Ratu; Maskoen, Ani Melani; Susanto, Herman
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Infeksi human papillomavirus (HPV) tipe high risk (hr) yang kronik dapat menyebabkan kanker serviks. Berbagai genotipe hrHPV telah teridentifikasi dan HPV-16 merupakan genotipe yang tersering menginfeksi serviks. Fragmen L1 HPV dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasikan asal usul HPV. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi asal usul HPV-16 dengan membuat pohon filogenetik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika Molekuler Unit Penelitian Kesehatan, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung pada Februari hingga Agustus 2013. Isolat biopsi dari pasien kanker serviks disumbangkan oleh Departemen Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung. Isolasi DNA dibuat dari biopsi jaringan kanker serviks dan fragmen L1 diamplifikasi dengan desain primer sendiri. Infeksi dengan HPV-16 dikonfirmasi dengan Linear Array test (Roche). Sekuens urutan basa kemudian dimasukkan dalam program filogenetik (MEGA5). Hasil konstruksi menunjukkan isolat pasien kanker serviks dari Bandung berada dalam satu subgrup dengan HPV asal Asia dan Asia Timur. Simpulan, cluster HPV Indonesia berada pada galur Asia dan Asia Timur. [MKB. 2015;47(3):174–78]Kata kunci: Filogenetik, fragmen L1,  human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16)Phylogenetic Analysis of Human Papillomavirus 16 L1 Gene from Cervical Cancer Patient in BandungAbstractChronic infection with high-risk (hr) human papillomavirus (HPV) can lead to cervical cancer. Various hrHPV genotypes have been identified and HPV genotype 16 is the most common genotypes that infect cervical cancer. HPV L1 fragment can identify the origin of HPV. The purpose of this study was to explore the origins of HPV-16 by making a phylogenetic tree. This study used analytical descriptive method and was  was conducted at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Health Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung in the period of February to August 2013. Biopsy from cervical cancer patient was donated by the Department of Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung. Isolation of DNA was prepared from tissue biopsies of cervical cancer and L1 fragment was amplified with the specific primer. Infection with HPV-16 was confirmed by Linear Array test (Roche) design. The sequence then was constructed using the phylogenetic program (MEGA5). Results showed that the isolate from patient with cervical cancer from Bandung was in one subgroup with HPV from Asia and East Asia. In conclusion, cluster HPV of Bandung is in the same strain as the strain in Asia and East Asia. [MKB. 2015;47(3):174–78]Key words: Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV-16), L1 fragment, phylogenetic DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n3.598
Pengaruh Faktor Risiko terhadap Waktu Timbulnya Efek Samping Kanamisin pada Tuberkulosis Resistan Obat Wati, Martha Ratna; Reviono, Reviono; Putranto, Wachid; Sutanto, Yusup Subagio; Harsini, Harsini
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (540.161 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n2.1297

Abstract

Kanamisin adalah obat untuk terapi tuberkulosis resistan obat (TB RO) yang menimbulkan efek samping gangguan pendengaran, gangguan fungsi ginjal, dan gangguan elektrolit terutama hipokalemia. Penelitian bertujuan menilai kesintasan waktu timbulnya efek samping dan pengaruh faktor risiko usia, riwayat terapi streptomisin serta berat badan terhadap efek samping akibat pemberian kanamisin pasien TB RO. Penelitian kohort retrospektif dari data rekam medis pasien TB RO dari Januari 2011 sampai April 2017 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Analisis pengaruh faktor risiko terhadap efek samping menggunakan uji cox regression. Dari 238 pasien didapatkan gangguan pendengaran 143 pasien, gangguan fungsi ginjal 147 pasien, dan hipokalemia 169 pasien. Usia lebih dari 40 tahun hazard ratio (HR) 2,419 (IK: 95%; 1,716–3,409; p= 0,000) dan jenis kelamin perempuan HR: 1,549 (IK: 95%; 1,089–2,202; p= 0,015) berisiko terjadi gangguan pendengaran. Usia lebih dari 40 tahun HR: 1,892 (IK: 95%; 1,353–2,646; p= 0,000) dan jenis kelamin perempuan HR: 1,667 (IK: 95%; 1,179–2,357; p= 0,004) berisiko terjadi gangguan fungsi ginjal. Riwayat streptomisin sebelumnya dan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) tidak berisiko timbul efek samping akibat pemberian kanamisin. Pengawasan ketat timbulnya efek samping gangguan pendengaran dan gangguan fungsi ginjal pasien usia lebih dari 40 tahun dan perempuan pada pengobatan TB RO.Kata kunci: Efek samping, gangguan fungsi ginjal, gangguan pendengaran, kanamisin, TB resistan obat Effects of Risk Factors on the Onset of Kanamycin’s Adverse Events in Drug Resistant TuberculosisKanamycin is a therapy for drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) which may cause hearing loss, impaired kidney function, and electrolyte disorders, especially hypokalemia. The objective of this study was to assess patient survival and the effects of risk factors such as age, previous history of streptomycin therapy, and weight on adverse events due to kanamycin administration in patients with drug resistant TB. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in TB patients by using medical records from January 2011 to April 2017 in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the relation between risk factors and adverse events. Of 238 patients, 143 patients experienced hearing loss, 147 patients experienced impaired kidney function, and 169 patients had hypokalemia. Age over 40 and female gender had higher risks for hearing loss and impaired kidney function (HR: 2.419 (95% CI: 1.716–3.409; p= 0,000) and HR: 1,892 (95% CI: 1.353–2.646; p=0,000); HR: 1.549 (95%CI: 1.089–2.202; p=0,015), and HR: 1.667 (95% CI: 1.179–2.357; p=0.004)), respectively. History of streptomycin and body mass index (BMI) were not risk factors for  kanamycin’s adverse events. Therefore, closed monitoring on hearing loss and impaired kidney function is necessary for drug resistant TB patients aged over 40, and female patients. Key words: Adverse events, drug resistant tuberculosis, hearing loss, impaired kidney function, kanamycin
Validitas Metode Polymerase Chain Reaction GeneXpert MTB/RIF pada Bahan Pemeriksaan Sputum untuk Mendiagnosis Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Sirait, Nurlina; Parwati, Ida; Dewi, Nina Susana; Suraya, Nida
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Pengendalian tuberkulosis saat ini terkendala oleh metode diagnostik konvensional yang lambat terutama untuk mendeteksi multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Deteksi dini MDR-TB sangat penting untuk mencegah penyebaran MDR-TB dan mengurangi angka kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis validitas pemeriksaan polymerase chain reaction genexpert MTB/RIF suatu pemeriksaan molekuler automatis yang cepat untuk mendeteksi MDR-TB. Penelitian dilakukan di Poliklinik Directly Observed Treatment Short- Course (DOTS) Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Subjek penelitian adalah penderita tersangka MDRTB. Sampel penelitian berupa dahak yang dilakukan pemeriksaan mikroskopis, uji kepekaan metode proporsi media Lowenstein Jensen dan polymerase chain reaction genexpert MTB/RIF. Selama periode Agustus 2012 sampai Januari 2013 didapatkan 88 subjek penelitian, kelompok usia terbanyak 25–34 tahun. Hasil pemeriksaan kultur didapatkan 54 sampel tumbuh, 34 sampel tidak tumbuh, dan 3 sampel merupakan Mycobacteria lain dari tuberkulosis. Sebesar 97,5% sampel yang resisten rifampisin juga resisten terhadap isoniazid. Pemeriksaan GeneXpert MTB/RIF menunjukkan sensitivitas 92,3% dan spesifisitas 75% dengan akurasi 88,2%. Simpulan, pemeriksaan GeneXpert MTB/RIF memiliki validitas tinggi untuk mendiagnosis MDR-TB terhadap baku emas uji kepekaan M. tuberculosis metode proporsi pada media Lowenstein Jensen. Pemeriksaan ini disarankan sebagai alat skrining MDR-TB. [MKB. 2013;45(4):234–9]Kata kunci: GeneXpert MTB/RIF, MDR-TB, uji kepekaan metode proporsiValidity of Polymerase Chain Reaction GeneXpert MTB/RIF Method on Sputum Sample Examination to Diagnose Multidrug Resistant TuberculosisControl of tuberculosis is hampered by slow conventional diagnostic methods especially for the detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Early detection of MDR-TB is essential to interrupt MDR-TB transmission and reduce the death rate. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of polymerase chain reaction genexpert MTB/RIF examination, which is a rapid automated molecular examination for the detection of MDR-TB. The study was conducted at the Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) clinic at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Subjects were patients with suspected MDR-TB. The research sample was sputum which was subjected to microscopic examination, susceptibility test proportion methods in Lowenstein Jensen media and polymerase chain reaction genexpert MTB/RIF examination. During August 2012 until January 2013, 88 subjects were obtained, with most of them were 25–34 years old. There were 54 samples obtained that grew in culture and 34 samples did not grow while 3 samples were other Mycobacteria of tuberculosis. It was also found that 97.5% of rifampin-resistant samples were also resistant to isoniazid. Examination of GeneXpert MTB/RIF showed a sensitivity of 92.3%, specificity of 75% with an accuracy of 88.2%. In conclusion, GeneXpert MTB/RIF examination has high validity for diagnosing MDR-TB against M. tuberculosis gold standard resistance test using the proportion method in Lowenstein Jensen media. The examination is recommended for MDR-TB screening. [MKB. 2013;45(4):234–9]Key words: GeneXpert MTB/RIF,MDR-TB, susceptibility test proportion methods DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n4.170
Effect of Treadmill Exercise Using 80% Intensity of Six Minute Walk Test on Walking Distance and Quality of Life in Moderate Stage Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Arisanti, Farida; Vitriana, Vitriana; Santoso, Prayudi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (146.618 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n2.764

Abstract

Skeletal muscle dysfunction poses as one of the systemic manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the impact of inactivity and deconditioning from early fatigue to the end of declining quality of life (QoL). Giving pulmonary rehabilitation program of treadmill exercise will overcome the problem, but standard method for moderate stage of COPD is not yet available. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of treadmill exercise using 80% intensity of six minute walk test on walking distance and QoL in moderate stage COPD in order to overcome muscle dysfunction. Samples were taken from Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Respirology subdivision of Internal Medicine outpatient clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, from March 2012–April 2013. Data analysis was tested using t-test for comparison of two independent mean data. Otherwise, non parametric test of Mann Whitney and Wilcoxon Match Pair test. Thirty three subjects of moderate stage COPD were divided into 2 groups (intervention and control). Intervention group received treadmill exercise with 80% intensity from preliminary 6MWT for 30–60 minutes/session, 3 session/week for 6 weeks. Significant increase on walking distance was found in intervention group (70.66 m) compared to control group (7.43 m) after 6 weeks (p≤0.05). QoL using St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) showed significant decrease in intervention group for all components in the end of 6 weeks (total p=0.0038, symptoms p=0.0162, activities p=0.0043 and impact p=0.0057, p≤0.05). Eighty percent intensity of 6MWT in treadmill exercise for 6 weeks was well tolerated and could overcome skeletal muscle dysfunction in moderate stage COPD. It also revealed higher values in aerobic capacity and QoL compared to previous studies. In conclusion, treadmill exercise using 80% intensity of 6MWT provides further walking distance and higher QoL compared to control  in moderate stage COPD. [MKB. 2016;48(2):105–11]Key words: Moderate stage COPD, quality of life, treadmill exercise, 6MWDPengaruh Latihan Erobik Menggunakan Treadmill dengan Intensitas 80% Uji Jalan 6 Menit terhadap Jarak Tempuh dan Kualitas Hidup Pasien PPOK Derajat SedangDisfungsi otot rangka merupakan salah satu manifestasi sistemik penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK), menyebabkan penderita mengalami inaktivitas dan dekondisi akibat kelelahan dini sehingga menurunkan kualitas hidupnya. Latihan erobik menggunakan treadmill merupakan modalitas dalam rehabilitasi PPOK untuk mengatasinya, namun hingga saat ini belum ada metode baku pada PPOK derajat sedang. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai pengaruh latihan erobik menggunakan treadmill dengan intensitas 80% uji jalan 6 menit terhadap jarak tempuh dan kualitas hidup pada pasien PPOK derajat sedang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Departemen Ilmu Kedokteran Fisik dan Rehabilitasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran/Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Maret 2012–April 2013. Naracoba berjumlah 33 orang, dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan. Latihan dilakukan dengan intensitas 80% kecepatan uji jalan 6 menit, 30–60 menit/sesi, 3x/minggu selama 6 minggu. Terjadi peningkatan bermakna jarak tempuh (p≤0,05) dan penurunan nilai St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) di seluruh komponennya (total, dampak, gejala dan aktivitas, p≤0,05) kelompok perlakuan dibanding dengan kontrol setelah 6 minggu latihan. Latihan erobik menggunakan treadmill dengan intensitas 80% kecepatan uji jalan 6 menit selama 6 minggu ditoleransi dengan baik dan dapat memperbaiki disfungsi otot rangka pada pasien PPOK derajat sedang. Simpulan, latihan erobik menggunakan treadmill dengan intensitas 80% dari uji jalan 6 menit memberikan peningkatan jarak tempuh dan kualitas hidup dibanding dengan kontrol pada PPOK derajat sedang. [MKB. 2016;48(2):105–11]Kata kunci: Jarak tempuh uji jalan 6 menit, kualitas hidup, latihan treadmill, PPOK derajat sedang
Association between Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Count Ratio and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Patients with Acute Myocard Infarction Tiksnadi, Badai Bhatara; Akbar, Muhammad Rizki; Yahya, Achmad Fauzi; Hidayat, Syarief; Purnomowati, Augustine; Aprami, Toni Mustahsani
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 51, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (614.44 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v51n1.1405

Abstract

The correlation between metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) in AMI patients has not been studied despite the fact that they are both known to predict ventricular remodeling. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the MMP-9 level and NLCR in patients with acute myocardial infarction. A cross-sectional study was conducted by recruiting acute coronary syndrome patients (onset within 24 hours) who were admitted to the emergency department in several hospitals around Bandung during October-December 2012. The relationship between the MMP-9 level and NLCR was analyzed using Pearson correlation test. Linear regression analysis was used to measure the strength of NLCR in MMP-9 level prediction. Thirty seven patients aged 55.8 + 11 years old were included in this study with mostly male patients (78%). Seventy-six percents of the sample were ST-elevation myocardial infarct (STEMI) patients with the onset of symptoms of 6 (3-14) hours. The mean lymphocyte-neutrophil ratio was 5.24 (1σ±2.4) and the MMP-9 plasma concentration was 370 (240-530) ng/mL. One-sided Pearson correlation showed a positive correlation between the two variables (r=0.44, p=0.003). The linear regression analysis conceived the formula of MMP-9 = 40.87 (NLCR) + 211.3 which was used to show the relationship between the MMP-9 level and lymphocyte-neutrophil ratio. There was a positive moderate correlation between the MMP-9 level and NLCR in patients with AMI. Linear regression analysis shows that NLCR is the only independent variable to predict the MMP-9 plasma level.Key words: Acute myocardial infarct, left ventricular remodeling, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, neutrophyl-lymphocyte count Ratio (NLCR) Korelasi Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit (NLCR) dengan Kadar Matriks Metaloproteinase-9 pada Penderita Infark Miokardium AkutKorelasi antara matriks metaloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) dan rasio netrofil-limfosit masih belum pernah dipelajari, meskipun kedua variable tersebut diketahui dapat memprediksi remodeling ventrikel kiri. Studi ini bertujuan mengevaluasi korelasi antara kadar MMP-9 dan rasio netrofil-limfosit pada penderita infark miokardium akut. Penelitian dilakukan secara potong lintang menggunakan sampel darah pasien dengan diagnosis kerja infark miokardium akut (IMA) (onset nyeri dada <24 jam) yang diambil dari beberapa rumah sakit di sekitar Kota Bandung dari periode Bulan Oktober–Desember 2012. Hubungan antara kadar MMP-9 dan rasio neutrofil leukosit dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson. Analisis regresi linier digunakan untuk mengukur kekuatan pengaruh konsentrasi rasio neutrofil-limfosit pada kadar MMP-9. Sebanyak 37 pasien berusia 55,8 +11 tahun, dan 78% di antaranya adalah pria menjadi subjek dalam penelitian ini. Tujuh puluh enam persen sampel diantaranya merupakan pasien infark miokardium dengan elevasi ST dengan onset gejala 6 (3–14) jam.  Rerata rasio limfosit-neutrofil adalah 5,24 (1σ ±2,4), dan kadar konsentrasi MMP-9 sebesar 370 (240–530) ng/ml. Uji Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan positif antara kedua variabel tersebut dengan nilai r=0,44 (p=0,003).  Dari analisis regresi linier didapatkan rumus MMP-9= 40,87 (NLCR) + 211,3, yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara kadar MMP-9 dan rasio limfosit-netrofil. Terdapat hubungan positif antara kadar MMP-9 dan rasio neutrofil-limfosit pada pasien penderita IMA. Analisis regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa hanya rasio neutrofil-limfosit yang menjadi variabel prediktor independen kadar MMP-9.Kata kunci: Infark neutrofil akut, matriks-metaloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), rasio limfosit-neutrofil, remodeling ventrikel kiri
EFEK OLIVE OIL DAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL TERHADAP STRIAE GRAVIDARUM Pratami, Evi; Permadi, Wiryawan; Gondodiputro, Sharon
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1278.362 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.%v46n1.%220

Abstract

Prevalensi striae gravidarum (SG) pada ibu hamil berkisar 50% sampai 90%. Efek SG menyebabkan rasa gatal, panas, dan kering serta gangguan emosional sehingga menimbulkan masalah kosmetik pada sebagian besar ibu. Saat ini banyak ibu hamil menggunakan olive oil untuk mencegah SG, namun minyak ini relatif sukar didapat dan harganya mahal. Di Indonesia dikenal minyak lain yaitu virgin coconut oil (VCO) yang memiliki kandungan efektif untuk menjaga elastisitas kulit, minyak ini mudah didapat dan murah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan dan korelasi efek olive oil dan VCO terhadap SG. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret?Juli 2012. Rancangan penelitian ini merupakan penelitian klinis melalui pendekatan eksperimental. Subjek penelitian adalah 80 ibu hamil di wilayah Dinas Kesehatan Kota Surabaya dan dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok dengan menggunakan random permuted blocks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan SG berdasarkan jumlah garis dan tingkat eritema antara kelompok yang menggunakan olive oil dan VCO (p=0,156 dan 1,00). Selanjutnya terdapat korelasi kuat antara kelompok olive oil dan VCO dengan jumlah garis (r=-0,576 dan -0,560) dan tingkat eritema (r=-0,699 dan -0,586). Simpulan, tidak ada perbedaan efek olive oil dengan VCO terhadap SG. [MKB. 2014;46(1):1?5]Kata kunci: Olive oil, striae gravidarum, virgin coconut oilEffects of Olive Oil and Virgin Coconut Oil against Striae GravidarumThe prevalence of striae gravidarum (SG) in pregnant women ranges from 50% to 90%. Effects of SG include itchy and hot feeling as well as dry skin. This situation also causes emotional disturbances that poses a cosmetic problem for most pregnant women. Nowadays, many pregnant women use olive oil to prevent SG, but it is relatively difficult to find and costly. In Indonesia, a similar oil, virgin coconut oil (VCO), has been used by many pregnant women for the same reason. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences and correlation between effects of olive oil and VCO against SG. The study was conducted in March?July 2012. An experimental study was performed on 80 pregnant women in Surabaya Municipality and they were divided into 2 groups using random permuted blocks. The results of this study showed that there was no difference in SG appearance based on the number of lines and levels of erythema between groups (p=0.156 and 1.00). Furthermore, there was a strong negative correlation between the effect of olive oil or VCO on the number of lines (r=-0.576 and -0.560) and the level of erythema (r=-0.699 and -0.586). In conclusion, there is no difference in the effect of olive oil and VCO against SG. [MKB. 2014;46(1):1?5]Key words: Olive oil, striae gravidarum, virgin coconut oil DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n1.220
Demografi Diabetes Melitus Tipe-I pada Anggota Ikatan Keluarga Penyandang Diabetes Anak dan Remaja (IKADAR) Faisal, Endang Triningsih
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 42, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Diabetes melitus (DM) tipe-1 merupakan penyakit kronik karena ketergantungan insulin dari luar tubuh. Dalam pengobatan penyakit tipe ini perlu pegawasan yang ketat dan membutuhkan kesadaran dan pengertian pasien dan orangtua. Ikatan Keluarga Penyandang Diabetes Anak dan Remaja (IKADAR) merupakan perkumpulan anggota pasien DM, sehingga dapat saling membantu. IKADAR belum banyak dikenal luas. Dari data 167 anggota IKADAR, ditemukan perempuan lebih banyak dari laki-laki. Hanya 99 anggota yang dapat ditelusuri melalui telepon, Mayoritas bertempat tinggal di Jabotabek, 66 anggota berobat dengan biaya sendiri, 54% berkisar umur 5-10 tahun. Pengertian tentang penyakit DM ditemukan 22,2% belum mengerti penyakit maupun penanganan DM, namun sebagian besar pasien tersebut menyatakan IKADAR berperan bagi pengobatan.Demography Study Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 of Diabetes Mellitus Family MemberDiabetes mellitus (DM) is classified as a chronics disease due to its property of external insulin dependency. Intensive monitoring, as well as awareness and good understanding from the patients and their patients are prerequisite to achieve excellent result in the management this disease. Ikatan Keluarga Penyandang Diabetes Anak dan Remaja (IKADAR) is an association of DM patients together with their family which aims to facilitate the members to help and share each other. Unfortunately, IKADAR hasn't been widely known. Currently IKADAR has 167 members but only 99 members could be reached by telephone, the majority time in Jabotabek, sixty six had their medication paid out of pocket, fifty-four percent were 5-10 years of age. As many as 22.2% found to having no comprehensive understanding about DM and the management. The majority of patients suggest that IKADAR play a big role in their treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n2.14
Citra Radiografi Panoramik pada Tulang Mandibula untuk Deteksi Dini Osteoporosis dengan Metode Gray Level Cooccurence Matrix (GLCM) Azhari, -; Suprijanto, -; Diputra, Yudhi; Juliastuti, Endang; Arifin, Agus Zainal
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Osteoporosis  salah satu penyakit degeneratif yang berkaitan dengan proses penuaan yang ditunjukkan perubahan struktur trabekula dan penurunan bone mineral density (BMD). Tujuan penelitian  adalah mendapatkan metode kuantifikasi citra panoramik  pada region of interest (ROI) di mandibula untuk menentukan BMD. Penelitian ini menggunakan  ROI (80x80 pixel) pada  kondilus mandibula untuk kuantifikasi citra dilakukan di Bagian Radiologi  Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran bulan  Oktober sampai Desember 2013. Pendekatan analisis tekstur menggunakan prinsip gray level co-occurence matrix (GLCM).  Desain dari kuantifikasi citra terdiri atas tahapan pelatihan dan pengujian.  Tahapan pelatihan melalui  9 data latih terhadap subjek wanita berusia 52–73 tahun pascamenopause.  Data  BMD vertebra lumbar dari DEXA digunakan sebagai referensi pada tahap klasifikasi dengan support vector machine (SVM) dengan fungsi kernel multilayer perceptron. Pengujian digunakan 14 data uji dari subjek selain yang digunakan untuk data latih. Pengujian untuk klasifikasi kelas normal dan osteoporosis menggunakan SVM memberikan akurasi  85,71%; sensitivitas (tingkat benar positif) 90,91%; dan spesifisitas (tingkat benar negatif) 66,67%. Pengenalan fitur paling baik didapatkan menggunakan kombinasi fitur contrast, correlation, energy, dan homogeneity sebagai input bagi klasifikasi SVM. Simpulan, analisis tekstur trabekula menggunakan metode gray level co-occurence matrix (GLCM) citra panoramik gigi dapat digunakan untuk deteksi dini osteoporosis. Kata kunci: Grey level co-occorance matrix (GLCM), panoramik, osteoporosis Panoramic Radiograph Image using Cooccurence Gray Level Matrix Method (GLCM) for Early Detection of Osteoporosis in Mandibular Bone  Abstract Osteoporosis is one of the degenerative diseases associated with aging, which is apparent from changes in trabecular structure and decreased bone mineral density (BMD) The  aim of this study  was to obtain a panoramic image quantification method on a region of interest (ROI) to determine the BMD. This study used an ROI (80x80 pixels) of the mandibular condyle for image quantification. The study was performed at the Department of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University during the period of October to December 2013. A texture analysis approach was applied using the principles of gray level co-occurence matrix (GLCM). The design of image quantification consisted of training and testing stages. The training stage was performed through 9 training data on the subjects of post-menopausal women between 52–73 years old . Data from the lumbar vertebrae BMD DEXA was used as a reference in the classification stage using a support vector machine (SVM) with kernel function multilayer perceptron. The testing used 14 test data from subjects which were not used for training data. The results showed that for the normal and osteoporotic class classification using SVM the accuracy was 85.71%, sensitivity (true positive rate) was 90.91%, and specificity (true negative rate) was 66.67%.  The best feature recognition was obtained using a combination of feature contrast, correlation, energy, and homogeneity as inputs for SVM classification. In conclusion, analysis of the trabecular texture using dental panoramic image produced by gray level co-occurance matrix (GLCM) method can be useful for early detection of osteoporosis.Key words: Grey level co-occorance matrix (GLCM), panoramic, osteoporosis DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n4.338
Ekspresi Protein Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) dan p53 pada Keganasan Kolorektal Suraya Adnyana, Ida Bagus Budhi; Rudiman, Reno
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Angka kejadian keganasan kolorektal pada usia muda semakin meningkat, tetapi belum ada data yang cukup menjelaskan mengenai hal tersebut, termasuk mutasi gen yang berperan. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui apakah ekspresi protein DCC dan p53 berperan pada keganasan kolorektal usia kurang dari 40 tahun. Dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia di Departemen Patologi Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran/ Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Januari sampai Mei 2011 untuk melihat ekspresi protein DCC dan p53 pada sediaan blok parafin penderita keganasan kolorektal kelompok usia <40 tahun dan usia >40 tahun.  Bahan pemeriksaan dikumpulkan mulai bulan Januari sampai Mei 2011. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada keganasan kolorektal usia <40 tahun lebih banyak yang tidak didapatkan ekspresi kedua protein tersebut, 9 kasus pada kelompok usia >40 tahun, sedangkan pada usia lebih dari 40 tahun hanya ditemukan pada 2 kasus.  Simpulan, pada sebagian besar kasus keganasan kolorektal usia <40 tahun, protein DCC dan p53 sudah tidak terekspresi. [MKB. 2017;49(3):186–91]Kata kunci: Ekspresi DCC, ekspresi p53, keganasan kolorektal, usia  Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) and p53 Protein Expressions in Colorectal Cancer The incidence of colorectal cancer in young patients is currently increasing; however, no adequate data available to explain the increase, including the gene mutation involved in these cancer. This study aimed to discover the DCC and p53 protein expressions that play a role in colorectal cancer in people under 40 years old. Immunohistochemical examination was performed at the Department of Anatomy Pathology Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period of January to May 2011 to look into DCC and p53 expressions in paraffin blocks of colorectal malignancy patients in the age group of <40 and >40 years old. The examination specimens were collected in the period of January to May 2011. The results of the study showed that in colorectal malignancy in <40 years old patients, the expression of the two proteins was rarely found while in the age group of 40 years old, the expressions were only found in 2 cases. It is concluded in most cases of colorectal cancer in the <40 years old group, the DCC and p53 are already not expressed. [MKB. 2017;49(3):186–91]Key words: Age, colorectal cancer, DCC expression, p53 expression

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