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Majalah Kedokteran Bandung
Published by Universitas Padjadjaran
ISSN : 0126074X     EISSN : 23386223     DOI : 10.15395/mkb
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung (MKB)/Bandung Medical Journal publishes peer-reviewed original articles and case reports in basic medical research, clinical research, and applied medical science. This journal is published quarterly (March, June, September, and December) by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Articles are original research that needs to be disseminated and written in English. All submitted manuscripts will go through the double-blind peer review and editorial review before being granted with acceptance for publication.
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Articles 639 Documents
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PERBEDAAN EKSPRESI VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR DAN EKSPRESI TISSUE FACTOR BERDASARKAN RESPONS TERAPI KEMORADIASI CISPLATIN PADA PENDERITA KARSINOMA NASOFARING STADIUM LANJUT Hendarsih, Een; Oehadian, Amaylia; Sumantri, Rachmat; Supandiman, Iman; Hernowo, Bethy S.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) merupakan faktor angiogenik yang berperan dalam angiogenesis tumor. Tissue factor (TF) merupakan inisiator utama pembekuan darah dan merangsang protein yang mengatur angiogenesis. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi VEGF dengan ekspresi TF pada penderita KNF stadium lanjut berdasarkan respons terapi kemoradiasi. Dilakukan penelitian kohort prospektif pada penderita KNF stadium III, IVa, dan IVb berdasarkan AJCC edisi ke-7 tahun 2010. Ekspresi TF dan VEGF diperiksa dengan imunohistokimia dan respons kemoradioterapi dievaluasi dengan memakai Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) revisi versi 1.1 tahun 2009. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Uji eksak Fisher. Selama penelitian Oktober 2012?Oktober 2013 didapatkan 35 penderita KNF yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan 5 orang dikeluarkan dari penelitian. Pada kelompok respons didapatkan 17 dari 23 penderita ekspresi VEGF ? 25%; 6 dari 23 penderita ekspresi VEGF <25%; 16 dari 23 penderita ekspresi TF ? 33%; 7 dari 23 penderita ekspresi TF <33% (p=1,000) serta pada kelompok tidak respons 5 dari 27 penderita ekspresi VEGF ?25%; 2 dari 7 penderita ekspresi VEGF <25%; 4 dari 7 penderita ekspresi TF ? 33%; 3 dari 7 penderita ekspresi TF <33% (p=0,657). Simpulan, tidak terdapat perbedaan ekspresi VEGF dengan ekspresi TF pada penderita KNF stadium lanjut berdasarkan respons terapi kemoradiasi. [MKB. 2015;47(1):49?54]Kata kunci: Karsinoma nasofaring, respons kemoradiasi, tissue factor, vascular endothelial growth factorDifferences between Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression and Tissue Factor Expression Based on Cisplatin Chemoradiation Therapy Response in Advanced Stage Nasopharyngeal CancerVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a proangiogenic factor involved in the angiogenesis of NPC. Tissue factor (TF), the main initiator of blood coagulation, also signals protein that regulates angiogenesis. This study  analyzed the differences between VEGF expression and TF expression in tumor tissue based on chemoradiation therapy response. Prospective cohort study was performed in NPC patients stage III, IVa and IVb according to the AJCC VII staging system. TF expression and VEGF expression were measured by immunohistochemistry, and chemoradiotherapy responses was evaluated by RECIST version 1.1 2009. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher Exact test. From October 2012 to October 2013, 35 NPC patients were eligible for this study and 5 patients were excluded. In response group, there were 73.9% patients with VEGF expression ?25%, 26.1% patients with VEGF expression <25%; 69.6% patients with TF expression ?33%, 30.4% patients with TF expression <33% (p=1,000) and in no response group, there were 71,4% patients with VEGF expression ? 25%; 28.6% patients with VEGF expression <25%, 57.1% patients with TF expression  ?33%, 42.9% patients with TF expression <33% (p=0.657). In conclusion, there are differences between VEGF expression and TF expression based on the chemoradiation therapy response, but they are not significantly different. [MKB. 2015;47(1):49?54]Key words: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, chemoradiation response, tissue factor, vascular endothelial growth factor DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n1.397   
Hubungan Beberapa Faktor Klinis dan Pengobatan Penyakit Arteri Koroner dengan Pembentukan dan Gradasi Kolateral Arteri Koroner Martha, Januar Wibawa; Purnomowati, Augustine
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (550.29 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v49n4.1199

Abstract

Penyakit arteri koroner (PAK) ditandai lesi aterosklerosis yang menyebabkan penurunan suplai oksigen ke miokardium. Sebagian pasien PAK membentuk pembuluh kolateral yang menambah suplai darah ke miokardium. Pembentukan kolateral didasari proses angiogenesis dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Aspirin telah digunakan sebagai pencegahan angiogenesis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari pengaruh faktor klinis dan pengobatan terhadap pembentukan kolateral koroner. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang pada pasien PAK yang dilakukan angiografi koroner. Klasifikasi kolateral koroner dinilai menggunakan kriteria Rentrop. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi kolateral baik dan kolateral buruk, ditentukan berdasar atas penilaian intervensionis. Faktor yang dianalisis adalah keluhan angina, obat-obatan, lesi stenosis, dan faktor risiko kardiovaskular. Analisis statistik menggunakan korelasi Spearman dan regresi logistik. Sebanyak 382 pasien diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Seluruh subjek penelitian memiliki stenosis koroner di atas 80% pada salah satu arteri koroner. Analisis kolateral koroner mendapatkan 164 pasien kolateral baik dan 158 orang kolateral buruk. Secara bivariat, faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada pembentukan kolateral koroner yang buruk adalah: penggunaan inhibitor ACE (p=0,048), penggunaan aspirin (p=0,047), oklusi pada pembuluh left circumflex (p=0,032), tidak ada keluhan angina (p=0,036), dan diabetes (p=0,047). Regresi logistik tidak menunjukkan kemaknaan dari faktor-faktor diatas terhadap pembentukan kolateral koroner (p=0,088). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa aspirin, inhibitor ACE, oklusi pembuluh left circumflex, tidak ada keluhan angina dan riwayat diabetes memiliki potensi untuk menghambat pembentukan kolateral koroner. [MKB. 2017;49(4):274–80]Kata kunci: Faktor klinis, kolateral koroner, penyakit arteri koroner Relationship between Several Clinical and Treatment Factors in Cad Patients in Coronary Collateral Development and Gradation Coronary artery disease (CAD) involves atherosclerotic plaques that caused reduction of myocardial oxygen supply. Some CAD patients develop collaterals which augment myocardial blood circulation. Angiogenesis is a precursor for collateral development and influenced by multiple factors. Aspirin has been used as an angiogenesis inhibitor. This study was intended to elucidate clinical and treatment factors that may affect collateral development. This study employed cross-sectional methodology. Subjects were CAD patients who underwent coronary angiography. Grading of coronary collaterals was classified using Rentrop criteria. Subjects were categorized into poor collaterals and good collaterals, determined by an interventionist. Factors  analyzed were anginal symptoms, medications, stenotic lesions, and cardiovascular risk factors. Data were examined using Pearson or Spearman correlation and logistic regression. A total of 382 patients were selected. All subjects had 80% or more stenotic lesions in one or more coronary arteries. There were 164 patients assigned as good collaterals and 158 patients was assigned as poor collaterals. Factors that hampered collateral development were: ACE (p=0.048) and aspirin (p=0.047) use, occlusion of left circumflex artery (p=0.032), no anginal symptoms (p=0.036) and diabetics (p=0,047). None of these factors was statistically significant in logistic regression (p=0.088). The study concluded that aspirin has a potential to diminish coronary collateral development. [MKB. 2017;49(4):274–80]Key words: Clinical factors, coronary artery disease, coronary collaterals
Korelasi Proteinuria Metode Rasio Albumin-Kreatinin Urin dengan Metode Kromatografi pada Preeklamsi Syuhada, -; Noormartany, -; Alamsyah, Muhammad; Dewi, Nina Susanna
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 44, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Preeklamsi masih merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian ibu melahirkan. Pada preeklamsi terjadi kerusakan endotel vaskular ginjal yang menyebabkan proteinuria. Pemeriksaan proteinuria penting dalam diagnosis preeklamsi. Metode rasio albumin-kreatinin urin (uACR) adalah metode pemeriksaan proteinuria yang memiliki korelasi yang baik dengan kadar protein urin 24 jam sebagai baku emas. Metode lain adalah metode kromatografi (carik celup) yang masih secara luas digunakan di berbagai fasilitas kesehatan namun dari berbagai penelitian metode ini memiliki variasi nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang luas. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi yang baik antara hasil pemeriksaan proteinuria metode carik celup dan metode uACR pada penderita preeklamsi. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Subjek penelitian adalah wanita hamil penderita preeklamsi yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan tidak masuk ke dalam kriteria eksklusi. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji korelasi rank Spearman. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 52 orang. Kelompok usia terbanyak adalah 20–34 tahun. Dari uji statistik yang dilakukan, didapatkan korelasi yang baik antara hasil pemeriksaan proteinuria dari kedua metode tersebut (r=0,51; p<0,05). Simpulan, terdapat korelasi yang baik antara hasil pemeriksaan proteinuria metode carik celup dan metode uACR pada penderita preeklamsi, sehingga metode carik celup dapat tetap dipakai. [MKB. 2012;44(4):218–23].Correlation between Urinary Albumin Creatinin Ratio Test and Chromatographic Method in PreeclampsiaPreeclampsia is still one of the major causes of maternal mortality. In preeclamptic renal vascular endothelial damage occurs that leads to proteinuria. Examination of proteinuria is essential in preeclampsia diagnosis. Urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (uACR) is one of proteinuria test methods with good correlation with 24-hour urinary protein as the gold standard. Another method is chromatographic method (dipstick urinalysis) which is still widely used in various health facilities but from various studies it has wide variation of sensitivity and specificity values. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a good correlation between the results of the proteinuria examination by dipstick method and uACR method in patients with preeclampsia. The study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Subjects were woman with preeclampsia in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman rank correlation test. There were 52 subjects. Thelargest age group was 20–34 years. From the statistical test performed, agood correlation between the results of proteinuria examination from both methods was found. In conclusion, there is a good correlation between the results of dipstick urinalysis method and the method of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in patients with preeclampsia. Therefore, dipstick urinalysis examination can still be utilized. [MKB. 2012;44(4):218–23]. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v44n4.139
PERBANDINGAN KERAPATAN KOLAGEN LIGAMENTUM SAKROUTERINA PADA PASIEN DENGAN DAN TANPA PROLAPS UTERI Silitonga, Intan Renata; Sukarsa, M. Rizkar A.; Pohan, Lasma R.; Armawan, Edwin; Handono, Budi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 47, No 4 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Kerapatan kolagen merupakan satu faktor penting dalam kejadian prolaps uteri. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan pasien prolaps uteri mempunyai kerapatan kolagen ligamentum sakrouterina yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur perbedaan kerapatan kolagen ligamentum sakrouterina pada pasien dengan dan tanpa prolaps uteri. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik komparatif dengan case control study terhadap 16 pasien prolaps uteri dan 16 pasien tanpa prolaps uteri di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan RS jejaring. Bahan penelitian diambil dari ligamentum sakrouterina saat operasi histerektomi lalu dibuat sediaan dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin dan Masson?s trichrome. Uji kemaknaan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara kerapatan kolagen dan kejadian prolaps uteri, yaitu kerapatan kolagen pada pasien prolaps uteri lebih rendah (15,3%) dibanding dengan tanpa prolaps uteri (48,75%). Cut-off point kerapatan kolagen ligamentum sakrouterina untuk prediksi prolaps uteri adalah ? 30%; sensitivitas 93,8%; spesifisitas 87,5%; dan akurasi 90,6%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa kerapatan kolagen ligamentum sakrouterina pada pasien prolaps uteri lebih rendah dibanding dengan pasien tanpa prolaps uteri. Cut-off point kerapatan kolagen ligamentum sakrouterina yang dapat memprediksi prolaps uteri adalah ? 30%. [MKB. 2015;47(4):212?7]Kata kunci: Kerapatan kolagen, ligamentum sakrouterina, prolaps uteriThe Comparison of Uterosacral Ligament Collagen Density in Patients with and without Uterine ProlapseAbstractCollagen density is one important factor in uterine prolapse. Several studies has shown that uterine prolapse patients have lower uterosacral ligament collagen density. The purpose of this study was to reveal the uterosacral ligament collagen density differences in patients with and without uterine prolapse. This case control study was an analitic comparative research of 16 uterine prolapse patients and 16 patients without uterine prolapse who underwent hysterectomy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and its networking hospitals during November?December 2008. Uterosacral ligament was sampled and then stained using HE and Masson?s trichrome staining. The significance of the result was analyzed using Mann-Whitney. The study found a significant correlation between collagen density and uterine prolapse, with the collagen density of uterine prolapse patients was lower (15.3%) than patients without uterine prolapse (48.75%). The uterosacral ligament collagen density cut-off point in predicting women having uterine prolapse was ?30%; with 93.8% sensitivity, 87.5% specificity, and 90.6% accuracy. The conclusion of this study is that uterosacral ligament collagen density in patients with uterine prolapse is lower (15.3%) than patients without uterine prolapse (48.75%). The uterosacral ligament collagen density cut-off point in predicting a women having uterine prolapse is ?30%. [MKB. 2015;47(4):212?7] DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n4.624
Perkembangan dan Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Tingkat Kemandirian Pasien Strok Selama Rawat Inap di Yogyakarta berdasar atas Skor Modifikasi Indeks Barthel Chayati, Nur; Putranti, Dwi Puji; Firmawati, Erfin
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 50, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (80.946 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v50n4.1427

Abstract

Strok adalah gangguan fungsional otak fokal maupun global, bersifat akut, terjadi lebih dari 24 jam, berasal dari gangguan aliran darah otak dan bukan disebabkan oleh gangguan peredaran darah otak. Salah satu dampak dari strok adalah kelemahan anggota gerak baik hemiplegia atau hemiparesis sehingga mengganggu kemandirian pasien dalam aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari (AKS). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui perkembangan tingkat kemandirian pasien strok berdasar atas skor Modifikasi Indeks Barthel serta faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat kemandirian pasien. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta dan Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2016. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain prospective longitudinal. Sejumlah 42 responden dipilih melalui accidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Modifikasi Indeks Barthel.  Data dianalisis dengan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk pasien strok perdarahan, pada saat masuk rumah sakit mayoritas dengan kondisi tingkat ketergantungan total (44%) dan pada saat keluar sakit sebagian besar menjadi tingkat ketergantungan parah (44%). Untuk pasien dengan strok iskemik, saat masuk rumah sakit mayoritas juga berada pada tingkat ketergantungan total (49%) dan terjadi perbaikan kondisi menjadi tingkat ketergantungan parah (42%) pada saat keluar rumah sakit. Variabel lama rawat inap berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap skor Modifikasi Indeks Barthel (p<0,05). Tidak ada faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap skor Modifikasi Indeks Barthel pasien strok. Kata kunci: Aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari, modifikasi indeks barthel, strok Development and Factors Affecting the Level of Independence of Stroke Patients During Hospitalization in Yogyakarta based on Modified Barthel Index ScoreStroke is a focal or global brain functional disorder which occur more than 24 hours and originating from a disruption of cerebral blood flow which is not caused by cerebral circulatory disorders. Consequences of stroke are extremity disability, hemiplegia, or hemiparesis. Furthermore, stroke makes it difficult for patients to do activities of daily life (ADL). The aim of this study was to determine the DLA independency level of stroke patient based on the Modified of Barthel Index score and to analyze the determinants that affect patient’s dependency level. The study was conducted at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital and PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital in May to June 2016. This was a prospective longitudinal study on forty two respondents selected through accidental sampling. Barthel Index Modification instrument was used to measure the ADL independency level. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Majority of hemorrhagic stroke patients had total dependency when they were admitted to hospital (44.4%) which improved to moderate dependency when they were discharged (44.4%). Meanwhile, ischemic stroke patients were in total dependency the first time they came to hospital (44.4%) and they also improved to severe dependency at discharge (42.4%). Length of hospital stay has a significant correlation with Barthel Index score (p<0.05). None of the variables affects the Modified of Barthel Index score dominantly. Key words: Activities of daily living, modified of barthel index, stroke
PENURUNAN TEKANAN INTRAOKULAR PASCABEDAH KATARAK PADA KELOMPOK SUDUT BILIK MATA DEPAN TERTUTUP DAN TERBUKA Hapsari, Rakhma Indria; Prahasta, Andika; Enus, Sutarya
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 45, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Penebalan lensa kristalina pada katarak senilis mengakibatkan hambatan pada jalur aliran akuos. Pascabedah katarak terjadi peningkatan kedalaman bilik mata depan (BMD) yang memiliki korelasi positif dengan pelebaran sudut BMD serta penurunan tekanan intraokular (TIO). Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbedaan penurunan TIO pascabedah katarak pada kelompok sudut BMD tertutup dan terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-post test, untuk membandingkan penurunan TIO pascabedah katarak fakoemulsifikasi pada 26 mata dari 26 orang penderita, yang dibagi menjadi kelompok sudut BMD tertutup dan terbuka masing-masing berjumlah 13 mata. Tempat penelitian Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo Bandung periode Maret?Juni 2012. Pengambilan data berdasarkan urutan datang penderita yang direncanakan operasi katarak fakoemulsifikasi. Penilaian sudut bilik mata depan prabedah dilakukan menggunakan lensa gonio Sussman 4-mirror. Tekanan intraokular pascabedah diukur saat pemantauan minggu ketiga pascabedah. Penilaian TIO pra dan pascabedah dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur tonometri aplanasi Goldmann. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji t. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan penurunan TIO secara bermakna lebih besar pada kelompok sudut BMD tertutup (19,6%) dibandingkan dengan kelompok sudut BMD terbuka (11,3%) dengan nilai p=0,022. Simpulan, perbedaan penurunan TIO pascabedah katarak fakoemulsifikasi lebih besar pada kelompok sudut BMD tertutup dibandingkan dengan kelompok sudut BMD terbuka. [MKB. 2013;45(1):56?61]Kata kunci: Gonioskopi, katarak senilis, pascabedah fakoemulsifikasi, sudut bilik mata depan, tekanan intraokularIntraocular Pressure Reduction after Cataract Surgery between Groups with Angle-Closure and Open-Angle Anterior ChamberIncreased crystalline lens thickness in senile cataract causing resistance to aqueous humor outflow. Increased anterior chamber depth had a positive correlation with the widening of the anterior chamber angle and decreased of intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract extraction. The purpose of this study was to compare IOP reduction after cataract surgery between angle-closure and open-angle group. This pre-post test design study was to compare IOP after phacoemulsification cataract surgery in 26 eyes of 26 patients divided into angle-closure and open-angle groups consisting of 13 eyes each. The study was conducted in Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung in period of March until June 2012. Patients who planned to have phacoemulsification cataract surgery were recruited consecutively. The anterior chamber angle was measured before surgery using Sussman 4-mirror goniolens. The intraocular pressure were measured before and three weeks after surgery using Goldmann aplanation tonometer. Statistical analysis was done using t test. The results indicated that IOP reduction was statistically significant greater in the angle-closure group (19.6%) compared with open-angle group (11.3%) with p=0.022. In conclusion, IOP reduction after phacoemulsification cataract surgery was greater in the angle-closure group compared with open-angle group. [MKB. 2013;45(1):56?61]Key words: Anterior chamber angle, gonioscopy, intraocular pressure, phacoemulsification surgery, senile cataract DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n1.204
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU IBU TENTANG PENGGUNAAN PEWARNA MAKANAN DENGAN KERACUNAN MAKANAN PADA ANAK DI KELURAHAN PENGGARON LOR SEMARANG Suparmi, Suparmi; Desanti, Ophi Indria
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 48, No 4 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (26.703 KB) | DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v48n4.405

Abstract

Rumah tinggal dan sekolah merupakan tempat kejadian luar biasa (KLB) keracunan pangan pertama dan kedua. Pengetahuan ibu tentang bahaya penggunaan pewarna sintetik dimungkinkan memengaruhi pemilihan pewarna makanan yang sehat sehingga dapat menyebabkan berbagai kasus keracunan makanan, antara lain ditandai dengan gejala nyeri kepala dan diare. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku ibu tentang penggunaan pewarna makanan dengan kejadian nyeri kepala dan diare pada anak SD di Kelurahan Penggaron Lor. Uji potong lintang dengan pendekatan analitik dilakukan pada ibu-ibu yang memiliki anak kelas IV, V, dan VI sebanyak 70 orang. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku ibu tentang bahan pewarna makanan serta kejadian nyeri kepala atau diare diukur dengan kuesioner pada Januari?Mei 2014. Hasil uji khi-kuadrat menunjukkan bahwa kejadian keracunan makanan berupa nyeri kepala atau diare pada anak tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku ibu mengenai pewarna makanan (p>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa keracunan makanan berupa diare atau nyeri kepala tidak hanya disebabkan oleh penyalahgunaan pewarna makanan, akan tetapi juga faktor lain seperti penyedap rasa, borak, formalin ataupun akibat kesalahan pengolahan. [MKB. 2016;48(4):187?93]Kata kunci: Diare, keracunan makanan, nyeri kepala, pewarna sintetikCorrelation between Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Food Colorants and Children?s Food Poisoning among Mothers Living Penggaron Lor Village SemarangAbstractHousehold and school are the two most frequent sites in which food poisoning outbreak starts. This may be influenced by the lack of mother?s knowledge about the danger of synthetic food colorants for health. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the knowledge, attitude, and practice on food colorants among mothers and the incidence of headache and diarrhea as signs of food poisoning in their elementary school children in Penggaron Lor Village. This study was an cross sectional observational analytic study with involving 70 mothers whose children are IV, V and VI grade students . Data on knowledge, attitude, and practice on food collorants and the incident of headache or diarrhea were collected using a questionnaire on January?May 2014. The chi-square test results showed that the incidence of headache or diarrhea in children was not related to the mother?s knowledge, attitude, and behavior on food colorants (p>0.05). In conclusion, the rise of the incidence of diarrhea or headache in children is not only caused by the mother?s lack of knowledge, attitude, and practice on food colorants but also other factors, i.e food flavor, borax, formalin, or processing errors. [MKB. 2016;48(4):187?93]Key words: Diarrhea, food poisoning, headache, synthetic colorant
Efektivitas Pemberian Metilprednisolon terhadap Pembentukan Seroma Pascaoperasi Mastektomi Modifikasi Radikal Setiawan, Jonny; Abdurahman, Maman; Rizki, Kiki A.
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 46, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Seroma adalah pengumpulan cairan serous di subkutis dan merupakan komplikasi pascaoperasi kanker payudara yang paling sering dijumpai. Insidensinya mencapai lebih dari 60%. Walaupun tidak mengancam jiwa, namun dapat menimbulkan morbiditas yang serius. Berbagai penelitian dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor risiko untuk mencegah timbulnya seroma. Saat ini, seroma terjadi karena proses inflamasi pascaoperasi. Teori inilah yang mendasari peranan antiinflamasi terhadap pembentukan seroma. Diketahui obat golongan glukokortikoid, memiliki peranan menghambat respons inflamasi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai efek profilaksis pemberian metilprednisolon perioperatif mastektomi terhadap pembentukan seroma. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis secara acak tersamar ganda terhadap 2 kelompok, yaitu antara kelompok karsinoma payudara stadium lokal lanjut yang diberikan metilprednisolon perioperatif mastektomi sebagai kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, periode April–Juli 2013. Subjek penelitian meliputi 30 wanita yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 15 pasien diberikan metilprednisolon dan 15 pasien sebagai kontrol. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji-t tidak berpasangan dan Mann Whitney. Didapatkan perbedaan rata-rata volume drainase hari ke-1, pada kelompok metilprednisolon sebanyak 104,7 mL dan pada kontrol sebanyak 158 mL, namun secara statistik tidak bermakna (p=0,053). Demikian pula dengan hari-hari selanjutnya dan total seroma, tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna. Simpulan, pemberian metilprednisolon tidak efektif menurunkan volume drainase seroma pascaoperasi mastektomi. [MKB. 2014;46(2):88–93]Kata kunci: Mastektomi, metilprednisolon, seromaEffectiveness of Methylprednisolone on Post-Operative Seroma Formation Following Radical Modified MastectomySeroma is a collection of serous fluid in the subcutaneous and is the most common complication of breast cancer surgery. The incidence is more than 60%. Although it is not life-threatening but it can cause serious morbidity. Various studies were conducted to determine the risk factors to prevent seroma formation. Currently, seroma occurrs due to postoperative inflammatory processes. This theory underlies the antiinflammatory role for seroma formation. Glucocorticoid drugs is known as playing a role in inhibiting the inflammatory response. The purpose of this study was to assess the prophylactic effect of perioperative administration of methylprednisolone on seroma formation. This study was a double-blind randomized control trial of 2 groups, i.e. a group of locally advanced breast carcinoma which were given methylprednisolone perioperatively as a treatment group and a control group. The research was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from April to July 2013. Thirty women who met the inclusion criteria were included as subjects who were then divided into two groups: 15 women received methylprednisolone and 15 women serve as controls. This study used independent t and Mann-Whitney tests. There was a difference in the mean volume of drainage on day 1 between the methylprednisolone and control group as much as 104.7 mL and 158 mL, respectively, but not statistically significant (p=0.053). The same situation was also seen for the following days and total seroma, which was no significant difference was found. In conclusion, the use of methylprednisolone is not effective for reducing postoperative seroma drainage volume after mastectomy. [MKB. 2014;46(2):88–93]Key words: Mastectomy, methylprednisolone, seroma DOI:  10.15395/mkb.v46n2.279
Perbedaan Parameter Hematologi pada Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru Terinfeksi Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Galur Beijing dengan Galur Non-Beijing Sundari, Rini; Parwati, Ida; Mose, Johanes Cornelius; Setiabudiawan, Budi
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 49, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit inflamasi kronik, tingginya kasus TB dapat disebabkan oleh perbedaan virulensi antargalur Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai manifestasi hematologi yang terjadi pada penderita TB paru yang terinfeksi  galur Beijing dan non-Beijing MTB. Sampling penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. H.A. Rotinsulu Bandung, RSU Cibabat Cimahi, Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat (BBKPM) Bandung, Puskesmas Batujajar, Puskesmas Padalarang, dan Puskesmas Cimareme pada Juni 2014–Januari 2015. Penelitian diikuti oleh 74 penderita TB paru BTA (+) terdiri atas 61% pria dan 39% wanita yang berusia 18–63 tahun. Berdasar atas spoligotyping diperoleh 24 (32%) terinfeksi galur Beijing dan 50 (68%) galur non-Beijing. Pemeriksaan laju endap darah (LED) menggunakan metode Westergreen, parameter hematologi lain menggunakan haematology analyzer. Kadar hemoglobin galur Beijing 8,6–14,8 g/dL dan galur non-Beijing 8,1–16,5 g/dL, anemia ini lebih banyak ditemukan pada penderita yang terinfeksi galur Beijing (17 dari 24) dibanding dengan galur non-Beijing 31 dari 50. Nilai absolut eritrosit tidak ada perbedaan, kecuali red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Hasil antara Beijing dan non-Beijing didapatkan hasil LED 94,0 (35,03) vs 89,9 (29,96) mm; leukositosis tidak berbeda namun 67% neutrofilia dan 17% limfopenia pada galur Beijing, 0% dan 30% pada galur non-Beijing; jumlah trombosit 46% (416,3+161,7)x1.000 sel/mm3 vs 122-834 (407,0+154,8)x1.000 sel/mm3 dengan trombositosis 63% vs 46%. Penderita terinfeksi galur Beijing menunjukkan anemia, LED, dan trombositosis lebih tinggi dibanding dengan non-Beijing; hal ini berarti penderita terinfeksi galur Beijing mengalami inflamasi yang lebih berat. [MKB. 2016;49(1):35–41]Kata kunci: Beijing, non-Beijing, profil hematologiThe Differences of Haematology Profile in Patients with Lung Tuberculosis Infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing Strain and non-Beijing StrainTuberculosis (TB) is a chronic inflammation disease; a high numbers of tuberculosis cases can be caused by virulence potential of each Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strain. The event of inflammation process influences the hematopoietic system which gives various hematology examination results. This study was conducted in order to analyze various forms of hematological manifestation occur in patients with lung TB caused by MTB Beijing strain and non-Beijing strain infections.  This study was performed on 74 lung TB-infected patients with positive acid-fast bacilli, consisting of 61% males dan 39% females whose age ranged from 18 to 63 (32.6+12.2) years old. Spoligotyping was performed, resulting in 24 (32%) Beijing strain and 50 (68%) non-Beijing strain infections. Hematological examination was performed using hematology analyzer and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with Westergreen method. Hemoglobin level ranged from 8.6 to14.8 (11.8) g/dL and 8.1-16.5 (12.0) g/dL from Beijing strain and non-Beijing strain, respectively, with more anemia was found in Beijing strain patients (71%) compared to non-Beijing strain (62%). There was no differences in absolute erythrocyte count, except in red blood cell distribution width (RDW).  The comparison of ESR result between Beijing and non-Beijing in ESR resulting in 94.0 (35.03) vs 89.9 (29.96) mm with no difference in leukocytosis, yet 66.7% neutrophilia and 16.7% lymphopoiesis in Beijing strain patients, 0% and 30% consecutively in non-Beijing strain. The number of thrombocyte is 68-882 (416.3+161.7)x1000 cells/mm3 vs 122–834 (407.0+154.8)x1000 cells/mm3 with thrombocytosis in 63% vs 46%. Beijing strain patients shows anemia, and higher ESR and thrombocytosis. These show that patients infected by Beijing strains experience more severe inflammation. [MKB. 2016;49(1):35–41]Key words: Beijing strain, non-Beijing strain, haematology profile
Aktivitas Enzim Superoksida Dismutase, Katalase, dan Glutation Peroksidase Wanita Penderita Sindrom Metabolik Winarsi, Hery; M. Wijayanti, Siwi P.; Purwanto, Agus
Majalah Kedokteran Bandung Vol 44, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran

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Abstract

Rendahnya status antioksidan endogenus memicu perkembangan kondisi sindrom metabolik (SM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi aktivitas enzim antioksidan superoksida dismutase (SOD), katalase, dan glutation peroksidase (GSH-PX) dalam plasma wanita penderita sindrom metabolik. Penelitian dilakukan periode Maret–November 2010, dengan responden penelitian adalah 30 wanita yang memiliki kriteria sebagai berikut: kadar guladarah >normal, body mass index >25 kg/m2, hipertrigliseridemia, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) rendah, usia >40 tahun, dan tinggal di Purwokerto. Seleksi responden dimulai melalui survey di poliklinik internis Rumah Sakit Umum Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Kepada calon responden dijelaskan tentang tujuan penelitian, kondisi SM, dan perkembangannya. Calon responden yang bersedia bergabung diminta menandatangani informed consent, diukur berat badan, tinggi badan, dan tekanan darahnya. Diambil sampel darahnya 2 mL, intravena, ditentukan kadar glukosa darah, trigliserida, dan HDL. Bagian plasma, diuji aktivitas enzim SOD, katalase, dan GSH-PX. Data dipresentasikan sebagai rata-rata + standard error. Status antioksidan wanita penderita sindrom metabolik rendah, ditunjukkan oleh aktivitas SOD 379,3 Unit/mg protein, katalase 6,42 UI/mg protein, dan GSH-PX 804,9 nmol/g protein, serta kadar malondialdehid (MDA) sebesar 2.943,4 pmol/mL. Karena itu responden perlu asupan kaya antioksidan. Simpulan, status antioksidan peroksidase sama rendah yang ditunjukkan oleh rendahnya aktivitas enzim SOD, katalase, dan glutation peroksidase. [MKB. 2012;44(1):7–12].Kata kunci: Glutation peroksidase, katalase, sindrom metabolik, superoksida dismutase The Activity of Superoxide Dismutase, Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase Enzymes in Metabolic Syndrome WomenThe low endogenous antioxidant status induced development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) condition. The aim of this research was to explore superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (Cat), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) plasma activity on metabolic syndrome women plasma. Respondents were thirty women with blood glucose level >normal, body mass index >25 kg/m2, hypertrigliceridemic, low level cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the age >40 years and live in Purwokerto. Respondents’ selection was started by a survey at internist polyclinic of Margono Soekarjo General Hospital Purwokerto. They were motivated and given an explanation about aim of the research, their diseases and development risk who were willing to be respondents were asked to sign the informed consent. Then, their body weight, height and blood pressure were measured. Their blood sample of 2 mL were taken intravenously and tested for blood glucose, triglyceride and HDL levels. Plasma was tested for the activities of SOD, Cat and GSH-PX enzymes. Presented data was mean + standard error. The antioxidant status of MetS women were low, showed on the activities of SOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme were 379.3 Unit/mg protein, 6.42 UI/mL, 804.9 nmol/g protein respectively, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level was 2,943.4 pmol/mL. Therefore, they need food enrich antioxidant. In conclusions, peroxidase antioxidant status was similar shown by low SOD, catalase and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, [MKB. 2012;44(1):7–12].Key words: Catalase, glutathione peroxidase, metabolic syndrome, superoxide dismutase DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v44n1.75

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