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Litera
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14122596     EISSN : 24608319     DOI : 10.21831
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
LITERA is a high quality open access peer reviewed research journal that is published by Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. LITERA is providing a platform for the researchers, academicians, professionals, practitioners, and students to impart and share knowledge in the form of high quality empirical original research papers on linguistics, literature, and their teaching.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Linguistik dan Bahasa
Articles 506 Documents
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PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR CHARACTER OF THANOS IN THE FILM AVENGERS INFINITY WARS Muzaki, Ferril Irham
LITERA Vol 17, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v17i3.20186

Abstract

PERILAKU PROSOSIAL KARAKTER THANOS DALAM FILM AVENGERS INFINITY WARSAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kisah sentuhan emas raja Midas yang diceritakan kembali dalam film “Avengers: the Infinity War”. Kisah raja Midas berhubungan dengan kekosongan setelah banyak yang tak tertandingi. Sember data primer adalah tampilan visual dan scenario film “Avengers: the Infinity War”, sedangkan data sekunder adalah diskusi kritis yang membahas film tersebut dalam kanal Youtube dan Netflix. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan wacana kritis. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, nilai-nilai moral yang dikemas melalui pesan bahwa sesuatu dapat lebih berharga daripada kekuasaan. Jika dalam versi lama, yang penting adalah ketersediaan makanan dan minuman, raja tidak bisa makan dan minum karena setiap menyentuh semuanya dengan emas, termasuk makanan. Pesan terbaru yang ditampilkan melalui “Avengers: Infinity War” adalah kekuatan luar biasa tanpa saingan. Kedua, yang didapatkan  bukan kekuatan tanpa pertandingan, tetapi rasa kebingungan karena telah dijauhi oleh seluruh komunitas. Kondisi digambarkan pada adegan terakhir saat kehilangan enam batu penyihir yang memiliki kekuatan. Ketiga, memegang posisi dalam komunitas berarti menjunjung tinggi nilai kemanusiaan. Temuan tersebut berimplikasi pada pentingnya kegiatan pembelajaran di sekolah, khususnya sekolah dasar,  melaksanakan pembelajaran berbasis nilai-nilai kemanusiaan sesuia dengan perkembangan peserta didik. Kata kunci: sentuhan emas, king midas, avengers, perilaku prososial AbstractThe objective of this study is analyzing the story of the golden touch of the king of Midas which had been retold in Avengers: the Infinity War. The method is analyzing topics of the long story of events and times. Briefly, the story of the king of Midas relates to the emptiness after being much unchallenged. The results are (1) the moral values are packed in a message that something more valuable than power. If in the old version, the important thing is the availability of food and drink, the king cannot eat and drink because every touched it all to gold including the Food. The recent version, which is mechanized in the Avengers: Infinity War this time that is lifted is an incredible power without rivals. (2) Instead of getting everything, power without a match,a sense of confusion because in the final scene just lose the six sorceress stones that have of powers since it has been shunned by the whole community. (3) It holds a meaningful community position on humanitarian improvement. The main conclusions are, (1) The teaching and learning in elementary school environments teaches humanity-based learning based on justice which is in accordance with the basic humanitarian principle which emphasizes on learning that adjusts to the development of learners' position. (2) The underlying thing on the background of self-reliance and humanity is fair and dignified. This is the starting point of the universal message to own pro-social personality, by patriotic movie. Keywords: gold touch, king midas, avengers, pro-social behavior
ICONIC ENGLISH BUSINESS NAME AS A BRANDING TOOL IN THE RURAL AREAS OF YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL REGION Ajar Pradika Ananta Tur
LITERA Vol 18, No 1: LITERA MARET 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v18i1.20736

Abstract

Abstract Today, people view foreign languages such as English as having more valuable attraction than the vernaculars to influence people. This condition is benefiting the businessmen to use English as a branding tool that they believe to be more effective and efficient to attract consumers ignoring the vernaculars. This study aims to describe the name of an English-language business as a branding tool in the area of the Yogyakarta Special Region.The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative with some quantitative features to support the analysis. The data were obtained from the rural areas of Yogyakarta Special Region through fieldwork using recorded interview with the owners of companies with a purposive sampling strategy. The data were analyzed by transcribing the interview, categorizing and analyzing the data, and drawing the conclusion. The results of this research show that the use of English as a branding tool in the rural areas of D.I. Yogyakarta signifies the names of institutions such as Barbershop, Laundry, Pet Shop, Photocopy Center, Cell-Phone Counter, Coffee Shop, and Homestay/Guest House. Those English names would be an icon to what they offer, give a guarantee of good quality, and offers high income. Even, they are orally becoming new vocabulary items for the people replacing the vernacular in naming the companies. Keywords: foreign language, branding, icon, business name, rural areaNAMA IKONIK BISNIS BERBAHASA INGGRIS SEBAGAI ALAT BRANDING DI AREA PINGGIRAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTAAbstrak Dewasa ini, masyarakat memandang bahasa asing seperti bahasa Inggris mempunyai nilai lebih daripada bahasa lokal untuk menarik masyarakat. Kondisi ini menguntungkan bagi para pebisnis untuk memilih Bahasa Inggris sebagai media branding yang mereka percaya merupakan media yang efektif dan efisien untuk menarik perhatian pelanggan tanpa mengindahkan bahasa lokal mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nama bisnis berbahasa Inggris sebagai alat branding di area pinggiran Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang dilengkapi beberapa komponen kuantitatif untuk mendukung analisis. Data diperoleh dari daerah-daerah rural di D. I. Yogyakarta melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan pebisnis yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data wawancara yang terkumpul ditranskripsikan, dikelompokkan, dianalisis, dan disimpulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Bahasa Inggris sebagai media branding di daerah rural di D. I. Yogyakarta ditampilkan dalam bentuk nama perusahaannya seperti Barbershop, Laundry, Pet Shop, Photocopy Center, Cell-Phone Counter, Coffee Shop, and Homestay/Guest House. Nama-nama tersebut menjadi ikon terhadap produk-produk sejenis, memberikan garansi kualitas, dan pendapatan tinggi. Bahkan, nama-nama tersebut menjadi kosakata baru yang menggantikan nama-nama produk sejenis dalam bahasa lokal.Kata kunci: bahasa asing, branding, ikon, nama perusahaan, daerah rural
INTERSECTING OPPRESSION OF GENDER AND RACE IN TONI MORRISON’S THE BLUEST EYE AND GOD HELP THE CHILD Nurhayati, Ari
LITERA Vol 18, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v18i3.27796

Abstract

White domination in America can make white ideology of beauty spread and influence the African-American society. Toni Morrison’s novels, The Bluest Eye and God Help the Child, depict the influence. This study attemps to uncover the intersecting oppression of race and gender in the novels and to explain how African-American women cope with the oppression. This study is descriptive qualitative research. The data sources are Morrison’s novels The Bluest Eyeand God Help the Child. The study has two findings. Firstly, African-American society experiences oppression as an impact of the white beauty hegemony. The most disadvantageous oppression is the internalization of white beauty values. Holding such values makes African-American women feel inferior and hate their own physical characteristics that are far from the white ideal of beauty. Meanwhile, African-American women who have darker skin colors experience the hardest oppression because they also become the victims of oppression committed by some circles of African-American society, which tend to consider them unequal. It reflects the complexity of oppression experienced by African-American women. Secondly,self-consciousness is the main factor of attempts to release them from the oppression. Without self-consciousness, African-American women can be trapped in values that deteriorate their self-pride of identity.Keywords: intersecting oppression, African-American women, skin color
MANUSIA DAN LINGKUNGAN DALAM CERPEN INDONESIA KONTEMPORER: ANALISIS EKOKRITIK CERPEN PILIHAN KOMPAS Novita Dewi
LITERA Vol 14, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v14i2.7211

Abstract

AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan pilihan politis-ideologis yang ditampilkanmelalui hubungan manusia dan lingkungan dalam cerpen Indonesia kontemporer.Tujuannya adalah untuk menakar apakah sastra Indonesia masa kini telah memperlihatkankeberpihakan yang serius dalam upaya menghadang kehancuran bumi karena ulahmanusia. Sumber data penelitian adalah cerpen di surat kabar Kompas 2010 – 2015, yangbertemakan lingkungan hidup. Melalui metode pembacaan kritis dan teori Ekokritikditemukan hal-hal sebagai berikut. Pertama, sejumlah cerpen mengambil lingkunganhidup hanya sebagai latar tempat dan waktu. Kedua, cerpen-cerpen dengan temapencemaran air telah menyuarakan ikrar politis memerangi perusakan lingkungan. Ketiga,sastra hijau, yakni sastra berperspektif Ekokritik, belum menjadi arus utama dalam sastraIndonesia kontemporer.Kata kunci: sastra hijau, Ekokritik, cerpen Indonesia kontemporer
KONSTRUK ASESMEN LITERASI FUNGSIONAL UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA Burhan Nurgiyantoro; Beniati Lestyarini; Dwi Hanti Rahayu
LITERA Vol 19, No 2: LITERA JULI 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v19i2.32977

Abstract

Literasi fungsional menyiratkan bahwa literasi dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat, meraih tujuan, dan meningkatkan kemampuan diri. Penelitian validatif ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konstruk asesmen literasi fungsional untuk siswa SMP dan mengalisis butir soalnya dengan Model Rasch. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, FGD, dan tes. Sebanyak 5 orang guru dan 246 siswa dari 5 SMP di DIY, serta 3 pakar dilibatkan dalam proses pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian berupa konstruk literasi fungsional dari National Assessment for Adult Literacy (NAAL) dimodifikasi dalam 15 jenis literasi, yaitu literasi prosa, digital, dokumen, numerik, lingkungan, kesehatan, pariwisata, transportasi, keselamatan jalan, kesantunan berbahasa, mitigasi bencana, finansial, budaya, visual, dan sosial. Hasil analisis 60 butir soal dengan Model Rasch berbantuan program QUEST menunjukkan probability level 0,50 dengan indeks reliabilitas 0,98. Mean INFIT MNSQ sebesar 1.00 dengan SD 0,04 yang fit dengan Model Rasch. Butir soal yang layak berada pada rentang threshold (± 2) adalah 51 buah (85%), sedangkan yang di luar rentang tersebut 9 butir (15%). Siswa dengan skor ≥75 sebesar 38,2%, sedang yang belum memenuhi standar sebanyak 61,8%.  Indikator esensial dan batang soal menjadi bagian penting untuk melihat kemampuan literasi fungsional siswa. Kata kunci: literasi fungsional, asesmen, analisis butir soal, Model Rasch  THE CONSTRUCTS OF FUNCTIONAL LITERACY ASSESSMENT FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AbstractFunctional literacy implies that literacy can be used for improving society capacities, obtaining goals, and increasing self-capabilities. The present study is aimed at identifying the constructs of the functional literacy assessment of junior high school students and analysing the item responses by using the Rasch Model. The data were collected through observation, interview, FGD and testing. Five teachers, 246 students from five junior high schools in Yogyakarta Province, and 3 experts were involved in the research processes. Results show that the constructs of the functional literacy from the National Assessment for Adult Literacy (NAAL) concepts have been modified into 15 types of literacy: prose, digital, document, numerical, environmental, health, tourism, transportation, road safety, language civility, disaster mitigation, financial, cultural, visual, and social). The results of the item analysis (60 items) using the Rasch Model with the QUEST program produce a probability value of 0.50 with a reliability index of 0.98. The INFIT MNSQ mean of 1.00 with an SD of 0.4 fits with the Rasch model. Items are eligible for an appropriate threshold range (± 2) of 51 grains or 85% while items outside the range of ± 2 is 9 (15%). Students with a score of ≥ 75 are 94 in number (38.2%). Meanwhile, students who have not fulfilled the standard amount to 61.8%. Essential indicators and item stems have an important role in reflecting the students’ functional literacy competences. Keywords: functional literacy, assessment, item response, Rasch model
TOPIK PILIHAN MAHASISWA TIONGKOK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIPA PROGRAM TRANSFER KREDIT DI UNY Kusmiatun, Ari
LITERA Vol 15, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v15i1.9773

Abstract

This study aims to describe the topics Chinese students select in the learning of Indonesian language for foreign speakers (ILFS) for the credit transfer program atYogyakarta State University (YSU). The research subjects were Chinese students joiningthe credit transfer program at YSU. The data were collected through questionnaires,interviews, and documentation. The findings show that in general Chinese students likethe topic of tourism/recreation. For the writing skill, most of them like the topic of tourism/recreation. For the reading skill, they like the topics of foods, tourism, and entertainment.For the listening and speaking skills, they like the topic of entertainment. The reasons forthe topic selection include, among others, beautiful Indonesian geography and nature,curiosity about tourist attractions in Indonesia, varieties of Indonesian foods, differencesbetween Indonesian and Chinese cultures, and the two countries’ economic development.For them, the topics they like facilitate their Indonesian language learning.
PERLOKUSI HOAKS COVID-19: PERSPEKTIF CYBERPRAGMATICS Rahardi, R. Kunjana
LITERA Vol 19, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v19i3.31469

Abstract

Hoaks adalah berita palsu yang menggunakan bahasa sebagai medianya, tetapi bukan bahasa dalam fungsi sesungguhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perlokusi hoaks Covid-19 di media sosial. Perspektif yang digunakan adalah Cyberpragmatics. Pendekatan yang diterapkan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Objek sasaran penelitian ini adalah manifestasi perlokusi hoaks Covid-19. Data penelitian berupa cuplikan-cuplikan tuturan yang di dalamnya terdapat manifestasi-manifestasi perlokusi hoaks Covid-19. Sumber data substantif penelitian ini teks-teks tertulis yang terdapat di media sosial. Adapun sumber data lokasionalnya adalah media-media sosial seperti Instagram, Facebook, Blog, Webs, yang hadir di sekitar waktu penelitian. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode simak. Teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik rekam dan teknik catat. Sebelum dilakukan analisis data, validitas data dipastikan terlebih dahulu dengan triangulasi data. Metode analisis yang diterapkan adalah metode analisis ekstralingual. Adapun teknik yang diterapkan adalah teknik hubung banding khususnya teknik hubung banding menyamakan. Penelitian ini menghasilkan temuan perlokusi hoaks Covid-19 berikut ini: (1) mengentalkan rasa sentimen; (2) menumbuhkan perspepsi keliru; (3) menyindir otoritas; (4) menumbuhkan kegaduhan; (5) menebar ketakutan; (7) menumbuhkan kekhawatiran; dan (8) menumbuhkan kasak-kusuk.Kata Kunci: Cyberpragmatics, konteks eksternal virtual, dampak perlokusiAbstract Hoax is fake news that uses language as the medium, but not language in its true function. The main objective of this study is to describe the perlocutionary impact of Covid-19 hoaxes. The research perspective used was cyberpragmatics. The approach applied was descriptive qualitative. The object of this research was the manifestation of Covid-19 perlocutionary hoaxes. The research data were snippets of speech in which there were manifestations of Covid-19 hoaxes. The substantive data source of this research was written texts contained in the social media. The locational data sources were social media such as Instagram, Facebook, Blogs, Webs, which were present around the time of research. Data were collected by applying the listening method. The technique used was the recording technique and note taking technique. Before data analysis was performed, the validity of the data was confirmed in advance by applying data triangulation. The data analysis method applied was the extra-lingual analysis method or the extra-lingual equivalent analysis method. The technique applied was the appeal link technique, especially the equalization link technique. This study produced the following findings of the impacts of Covid-19 perlocutionary hoaxes, namely (1) making thickened sentiment; (2) fostering wrong perceptions; (3) insinuating authority; (4) creating noise; (5) spreading fear; (6) fostering concern; (7) growing gossips.Keywords: Cyberpragmatics, virtual external context, perlocutionary impacts
PERAN MUHAKAM DALAM ADAT PERKAWINAN SEBAGAIREPRESENTASI ADAB DAN ETIKA MELAYU SAMBAS Ahadi Sulissusiawan
LITERA Vol 15, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v15i2.11834

Abstract

PERAN MUHAKAM DALAM ADAT PERKAWINANSEBAGAIREPRESENTASI ADAB DAN ETIKA MELAYU SAMBASAhadi SulissusiawanFKIP Universitas Tanjungpuraemail: ahadi.sulissusiawan@yahoo.comAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan peran Muhakam sebagai representasi adabdan etika dalam adat perkawinan Melayu Sambas. Penelitian ini menggunakan kaidahanalisiskualitatif.Data penelitian adalah ucapan (verbal), gerak-gerik (nonverbal), danpakaian yang digunakan Muhakam ketika memberikan sambutan (alu-aluan) dan nasihatperkawinan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ucapan Muhakam menggambarkan hatiyang ikhlas, penuh kasih sayang, dan belas kasihan.Muhakam memperlihatkan strategiikhlas, merendah diri, dan meminta maaf sebagai representasi adab dan etika Melayu.Adab dan etika Muhakam dalam acara majelis adat perkawinan Melayu ditunjukkandengan sikap dan perilaku yang dapat menumbuhkan simpati dan respon yang baikdari masyarakat. Kebijaksanaandan kesantunandalam berperilaku ditunjukkan olehMuhakam dengan senyum, bertegur sapa, berjabat tangan, dan adab berpakaian. Peranpenting tersebut menjadikan seorang Muhakam dianggapsebagai sosok yang dapatmenjaga marwah keluarga dan masyarakat.Kata kunci: Muhakam, pemantun, adab dan etika Melayu, adat perkawinanA MUHAKAM’S ROLES IN THE WEDDING TRADITIONAS A REPRESENTATION OF SAMBAS MALAY MANNERS AND ETHICSAbstractThis study aims to describe the role of a Muhakam as a representation of manners andethics in the Sambas Malay wedding tradition. This is a qualitative study. The researchdata are speech (verbal), gestures (nonverbal), and clothinga Muhakam is wearing whengiving a speech (alu-aluan) and marital advice. The findings showthat a Muhakam’sspeech depicts a sincere heart, full of affection and mercy. A Muhakam shows sincere,humble, and apologetic strategies as a representation of Malay manners and ethics. AMuhakam’s manners and ethics inthe Malay wedding tradition are shown by the attitudeand behavior that can foster sympathy and good responses from the public. The wisdomand politeness in behavior are shown by a Muhakam by smiling, exchanging greetings,shaking hands, and dressing properly. These make a Muhakam considered as someonewho can maintain the dignity of the family and society.Keywords: Muhakam, quatrain reciter, Malay manners and ethics, wedding tradition
WOMEN AND THE REPRODUCTION OF LITERARY NARRATIVES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF NATION Wening Udasmoro
LITERA Vol 16, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v16i2.17411

Abstract

AbstractThis study attempts to explore the positioning of women in literary narratives, particularly in the construction of the space known as “nation”. In discussions of nation and nationhood, these two concepts are frequently attributed to men. Questions of nationhood are also considered masculine, as nationhood is itself narrowly defined as nationalism or defense of the state. In such discussions, women are always  excluded, as they are constructed quite differently from men. The narrative of nation is a complex one, in which men and women are differently constructed. Narratives of women are frequently and continuously reproduced, both by men and by women. If, in a social context, narratives of women are continuously reproduced, what are they like in literary narratives that construct the nation? What type of narration of women is constructed? Why is such a construction forefronted? This study specifically explains how women can be continuously present in literature.Keywords: women, construction, narration, nation, literature WANITA DAN REPRODUKSI NARASI SASTRA DALAM KONSTRUKSI BANGSA AbstrakPenelitian ini mencoba mengeksplorasi posisi perempuan dalam narasi sastra, terutama dalam konstruksi ruang yang dikenal sebagai “bangsa”. Dalam diskusi tentang bangsa dan kebangsaan, kedua konsep ini sering dikaitkan dengan laki-laki. Pertanyaan tentang kebangsaan juga dianggap maskulin, karena kebangsaan itu sendiri secara sempit didefinisikan sebagai nasionalisme atau pertahanan negara. Dalam diskusi semacam itu, perempuan selalu dikecualikan, karena dikonstruksi dengan cara yang berbeda dengan laki-laki. Narasi bangsa adalah hal yang kompleks; di dalamnya pria dan wanita dikonstruksi secara berbeda. Narasi perempuan sering dan terus diproduksi ulang, baik oleh pria maupun wanita. Jika dalam konteks sosial narasi perempuan terus-menerus direproduksi, bagaimana narasi perempuan dalam narasi sastra yang mengkonstruksi bangsa? Jenis narasi perempuan apa yang dikonstruksi? Mengapa konstruksi seperti itu dikedepankan? Penelitian ini secara khusus menjelaskan bagaimana wanita dapat terus hadir dalam sastra.Kata kunci: wanita, konstruksi, bangsa, sastra
KATEGORI PERTANYAAN PADA UJIAN TUGAS AKHIR SKRIPSI Dwiyanto Djoko Pranowo; Roswita Lumban Tobing
LITERA Vol 17, No 2: LITERA JULI 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v17i2.21019

Abstract

Upaya peningkatan kualitas suatu program perlu dukungan data tingkat capaian secara periodik melalui evaluasi. Evaluasi diperlukan agar kualitas proses dan hasil dapat ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan ujian Tugas Akhir Skripsi dan mengkategorisasikan pertanyaan-pertanyaan dalam tes lisan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Prancis, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, yang menempuh ujian pada lima tahun terakhir (2012 – 2017). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan dokumentasi dan angket. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitan sebagai berikut. Pertama, ujian lisan yang dilaksanakan selama 60-90 menit dengan tiga anggota tim penguji terbagi dalam tiga bidang kajian skripsi, yaitu: (1) inguistik, (2) sastra, dan (3) pengajaran. Kedua, pertanyaan-pertanyaan terpetakan dalam lima kategori dan 14 sub-kategori, yaitu pertanyaan: (1) terbuka-tertutup, (2) teknis-substantif, (3) berdasar tingkat kognitif (mengingat, memahami, menerapkan, menganalisis, mengevaluasi, dan mencipta), (4) klarifikasi-pendalaman-perluasan, dan (5) di luar naskah skripsi. Kata kunci: tes lisan, skripsi, kategori pertanyaan CATEGORIES OF QUESTIONS IN THE UNDERGRADUATE THESIS EXAMINATIONAbstract Efforts to improve the quality of a program need to be supported by data on the periodic achievement levels through evaluation. Evaluation is necessary to improve the quality of the process and outcomes. This study aims to describe undergraduate thesis examinations and to categorize examination questions. This was a survey study. The subjects were students of the French Language Department, Faculty of Languages of Arts, Yogyakarta State University, sitting for the examinations in the last five years (2012-2017). The data were collected using documentation and questionnaires. They were analyzed by means of quantitative and qualitative descriptive techniques. The findings are as follows. First, an undergraduate thesis examination is conducted for 60-90 minutes with three examiners and there are three fields of study, namely: (1) linguistics, (2) literature, and (3) teaching. Second, questions are classified into five categories and 14 sub-categories, namely: (1) open and closed ended; (2) technical and substantive; (3) cognitive-level-based (remembering, understanding, implementing, analyzing, evaluating, and creating); (4) clarifying, probing, and extending; and (5) out-of-script questions.Keywords: examination, undergraduate thesis, categories of questions

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All Issue Vol. 24 No. 2: LITERA (JULY 2025) Vol. 24 No. 1: LITERA (MARCH 2025) Vol 23, No 3: LITERA (NOVEMBER 2024) Vol 23, No 2: LITERA (JULY 2024) Vol 23, No 1: LITERA (MARCH 2024) Vol 22, No 3: LITERA (NOVEMBER 2023) Vol 22, No 2: LITERA (JULY 2023) Vol 22, No 1: LITERA (MARCH 2023) -- IN PRESS Vol 22, No 1: LITERA (MARCH 2023) Vol 21, No 3: LITERA (NOVEMBER 2022) Vol 21, No 2: LITERA (JULY 2022) Vol 21, No 1: LITERA (MARCH 2022) Vol. 20 No. 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2021 Vol 20, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2021 Vol 20, No 2: LITERA JULI 2021 Vol 20, No 1: LITERA MARET 2021 Vol 19, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2020 Vol 19, No 2: LITERA JULI 2020 Vol 19, No 1: LITERA MARET 2020 Vol 18, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2019 Vol 18, No 2: LITERA JULI 2019 Vol 18, No 1: LITERA MARET 2019 Vol 17, No 3: LITERA NOVEMBER 2018 Vol 17, No 2: LITERA JULI 2018 Vol 17, No 1: LITERA MARET 2018 Vol 16, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2017 Vol 16, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2017 Vol 15, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2016 Vol 15, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2016 Vol 14, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2015 Vol 14, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2015 Vol 13, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2014 Vol 13, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2014 Vol 12, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2013 Vol 12, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2013 Vol 11, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2012 Vol 11, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2012 Vol 10, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2011 Vol 10, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2011 Vol 9, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2010 Vol 9, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2010 Vol 8, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2009 Vol 8, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2009 Vol 7, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2008 Vol 6, No 1: LITERA JANUARI 2007 Vol 5, No 1: LITERA JANUARI 2006 Vol 4, No 2: LITERA JULI 2005 Vol 4, No 1: LITERA JANUARI 2005 Vol 3, No 2: LITERA JULI 2004 Vol 3, No 1: LITERA JANUARI 2004 Vol 2, No 1: LITERA JANUARI 2003 More Issue