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INDONESIA
SIMBIOSIS
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23377224     EISSN : 26567784     DOI : 10.24843/simbiosis
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 11 No 1 (2023)" : 10 Documents clear
EFFECTIVENESS OF CINNAMON (Cinnamomum burmanni Blume) LEAF EXTRACT IN INHIBITING THE GROWTH OF THE MUSHROOMS Colletotrichum magnum Rossman & Allen CAUSES OF ANTHRACHNOSE DISEASE IN PAPAYA (Carica papaya Linnaeus) Wafiatul Fitriyah; Sang Ketut Sudirga; Ni Made Gari
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p09

Abstract

Anthracnose is a disease which is often found attacking plants. This disease can cause dieback or leaf tip damage of mature plants then followed by infection in the fruits, Consequently, this can result in the decrease of productivity. One of the causes of anthracnose is the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum magnum. This fungus can infect several cultivated plants, one of which is papaya plants. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cinnamon leaf extract (Cinnamomum burmanni. Blume) in suppressing the growth of the fungus C. magnum and to analyze the class of compounds contained in cinnamon leaf extract. The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 1 negative control, 1 positive control, and 5 treatments with concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, each treatment was repeated 4 times and then tested phytochemical screening. The results of the invitro study showed that cinnamon leaf extract was able to inhibit the growth of C. magnum as seen from the MIC test results, namely a concentration of 0.6% with an inhibition zone diameter of 8.37 mm. The results showed that as the concentration of cinnamon leaf extract increased, the diameter of the inhibition zone obtained was getting bigger. what you get is bigger. The concentration of 5% that has the largest inhibition zone among the concentration treatments, which is 19.77 mm. The results of phytochemical screening on cinnamon leaf extract showed that the cinnamon leaf extract contains positive groups of alkaloids, steroids, phenolic compounds, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. Keyword: anthracnose, Cinnamon leaves, Inhibition, Colletotrichum magnum.
THE QUALITY OF SPERM ON ADOLESCENT SMOKERS AT UDAYANA UNIVERSITY Sally Nabila Rizal; A.A.S. A. Sukmaningsih; Ni Nyoman Wirasiti
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p05

Abstract

Smoking is a familiar behavior for male adolescents. The reason is because cigarette contains toxins which can increase our Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and causes tissue oxidative stress, thereby disrupting the quality of spermatozoa. The purpose of this study is to determine the quality of sperm on adolescent smokers in Udayana University. The samples were taken from 30 male adolescents with an age range of 18 – 24 years old. This included 15 smokers and 15 non-smokers as the control group. The macroscopic observations included color, smell, liquefaction, volume, consistency and sperm pH – while the macroscopic observations included concentration, morphology, motility, viability, and membrane integrity. This study used a comparative method. The qualitative data included the color and smell of spermatozoa, while the quantitative data included concentration, morphology, motility, liquefaction, volume, consistency, viability, membrane integrity and pH – all which were presented in the form of mean and standard deviation. The quantitative data were analyzed statisticall with t test using SPSS application. The results obtained from this study showed that liquefaction, volume, consistency, motility, viability, concentration, and morphology of spermatozoa in smokers had a decrease compared to non-smokers (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, color, smell, pH, and integrity of spermatozoa membranes showed no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers (p > 0.01).
FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION BASED ON PRIMARY AND SECONDARY XAMINATION AS DETERMINATION OF VICTIMS IDENTIFIERS: NORTH LUWU FLOOD CASE STUDY, SOUTH SULAWESI Anastesya Hartika Nur Saputri; I Ketut Junitha; Ida Bagus Made Suaskara
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p01

Abstract

Forensic identification in mass disasters is carried out to determine the identity of the deceased. The identification process is important to provide psychological peace to the family with the certainty of the identity of the victim. Forensic identification methods are divided into primary examination (fingerprints, teeth, DNA) and secondary examination (medical characteristics and properties). This case study aims to determine the identity of flash flood victims in North Luwu, South Sulawesi based on primary and secondary examinations, determine the effect of the duration of the discovery on identification, and determine the further examination of unidentified victims. The research was carried out at the South Sulawesi Police Biddokes DVI post (RS. Hikmah Masamba) on 16-23 July 2020 and DNA examination was carried out at the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University accompanied by ethical clearance in June-August 2021. The material in In this study was the victims of the flash flood on the North Luwu, there were 40 victims, consisting of 31 victims who had been declared identified, 6 victims were missing or have not been found, and 3 victims had not been identified. Victims who are declared identified are based on the results of the examination (post mortem) which are compared with ante mortem data in accordance with the identification principle of Interpol (International Criminal Police Organization). Thirty-one victims identified were subjected to primary and/or secondary examination, of which 20 victims were identified by secondary examination and 11 victims were identified by primary and secondary examination, and 3 victims who had not been identified were conducted to DNA primary examination. Based on the results of DNA examination, it was found that the suspect's family was most likely a relative with one of the victims with a PM number 008.
DIVERSITY OF GASTROPODS IN MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM AT AREA MANGROVE CENTER KAMPUNG BLEKOK SITUBONDO Yulia Kartika; Ni Luh Watiniasih; I Wayan Darya Kartika
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p07

Abstract

Gastropods that live in mangrove ecosystems act as important indicators of environmental status in the area. Mangrove Center Kampung Blekok is one of mangrove forest areas in Situbondo. This study aims to determine the diversity of gastropods in mangrove ecosystem. The research method used is descriptive quantitative method. Observations were at three points using purposive sampling technique in West block mangrove. Gastropod sampling was carried out using a line transect with a hand collecting technique. The gastropod samples collected included infauna, epifauna and treefauna. The water quality parameters measured include pH, salinity, temperature and substrate. The results of identification gastropod species at all observation points were found as many as 18 species from 7 families. The highest total abundance was obtained at point I of 62,12 ind/m2, followed by point III with a value of 11,09 ind/m2 and point II with a value of 10.54 ind/m2. Gastropod diversity at Mangrove Center Kampung Blekok is in low to moderate category according to Shannon-Wienner. Gastropod diversity index values ??at all points ranged from 0.82 to 1.44. The uniformity index value ranged from 0.34-0.60 and the dominance index ranged from 0.32-0.50. The environmental conditions of the gastropods are in accordance with the results of water quality measurements according to the Ministry of Environment Decree No. 51 of 2004 is in normal conditions for the survival of gastropods.
POTENCY OF Trichoderma asperellum TKD FILTRATE IN INHIBITING Aspergillus parasiticus CONTAMINATION IN PEANUT SEEDS (Arachis hypogaea L.) Nasha Hadi Rahmadanty; Ida Bagus Gede Darmayasa; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p02

Abstract

iThis researchhaimed to determineethe potency off Trichoderma asperellum TKD ffiltrate in inhibiting Aspergillus parasiticus contamination in peanut seeds. The treatment given to A. parasiticus was done in vitro and in vivo. In vitro there were three types methods, dual culture and the inhibition test of the T.asperellum TKD ifiltrate using the diffusion well and the colony method with concentrations of 40% (v/v), 50%(v/v), 60%(v/v),70%(v/v) and 80%(v/v). While in vivo, it was done on peanut seeds added T.asperellumiTKD filtrate with some concentrations similar to the treatment given in vitro. The parameters measured in vitro test were determined through PIRG (Percentage Inhibition of Radial Growth) and diameter inhibition zone, in vivo test parameter was the A. parasiticus colony populations. The results showed T.asperellum TKD filtrate significantly (P?0,05) was able to inhibit A. parasiticus growth iin vitro and iin vivo. The percentageeof T.asperellum TKD bland power against A.parasiticus in vitro with the highest dual culture method was 60.65%. In the method of colony and diffusion well, the concentration of 80% was the highest concentration in inhibiting A. parasiticus, which were 83.00±1.60% and 15.09±0.12 mm. T.asperellum TKD filtrate with a concentration of 80% added to peanut seeds had the highest inhibition on the number of population of A. parasiticus colonies with a percentage decrease of 88.3%.
QUALITY OF NATURAL DYE (TELENG FLOWER) AND DRAGON FRUIT FOR STAINING SQUASHED POLEN OF OROK-OROK FLOWER (CROTALARIA JUNCEA L.) Ni Luh Putu Ariwathi; Eniek Kriswiyanti
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p08

Abstract

Acetoorceine atau aniline blue merupakan pewarna sintetis yang sering digunakan untuk pembuatan preparat viabilitas serbuk sari. Selain mahal juga karsinogenik, sehingga perlu dilakukan eksplorasi bahan pewarna alam yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak bunga teleng dan buah naga dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alternatif untuk serbuk sari, dan bagaimana kualitas preparat serta pada konsentrasi berapa pewarna tersebut menunjukkan kualitas yang terbaik. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari Bulan Juni-Oktober 2022, di laboratorium Struktur dan Perkembangan Tumbuhan PS Biologi FMIPA Universitas Udayana. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode squash kepala putik bunga orok-orok (Crotalaria Juncea L.), dengan menggunakan 2 macam pewarna : rendaman mahkota bunga teleng (Clitoria Ternatae L.) dan perasan buah naga (Hylocereus Polyrizus) dengan konsentrasi 50%, 75% dan 100%, masing-masing perlakuan dibuat 5 preparat. Hasil squash kepala putik diamati dengan mikroskop dan di foto. Hasil foto divalidasi oleh 8 orang validator yang berkompeten. Analisis penelitian meliputi: kualitas (kekontrasan dan kejelasan), dan menentukan konsentrasi pewarna terbaik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : pewarna organic bunga teleng 50%, 75% dan 100% dapat memberikan warna biru muda-biru tua sedang perasan buah naga menghasilkan warna merah muda-merah keunguan pada serbuk sari squash kepala putik. Kualitas perparat terbaik, baik menggunakan pewarna bunga teleng maupun perasan buah naga pada konsentrasi 100%. Sehingga pewarna mahkota bunga teleng dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alternatif pengganti pewarna sintetis dari Aniline Blue sedang perasan buah naga merah digunakan sebagai pengganti pewarna Aceto Orcein.
DAILY BEHAVIOUR AND EATING PREFERENCES OF RINGTAILED LEMUR (Lemur catta) AT BALI ZOO, GIANYAR Stefanny .; Luh Putu Eswaryanti Kusuma Yuni; I Ketut Ketut Ginantra
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p06

Abstract

Ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) is a primate that live in Madagascar. Poor habitat quality, limited land area, severe forest fragmentation causes a decrease in the availability of food sources for ring-tailed lemurs in nature so that the ring-tailed lemur population is increasingly threatened. Conservation effort was carried out on ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) outside their natural habitat. One of the conservation institutions in Bali is the Bali Zoo. This study aims to observe the daily behavior and eating preferences of ring tailed lemur (Lemur catta) at Bali Zoo. This research was conducted on seven ring-tailed lemur at Bali Zoo in January-February 2022 and was carried out at 08.00 am – 04.00 pm. The observation method used was the focal animal sampling and the recording was carried out by the instantaneous recording method with an interval of 30 seconds for 30 minutes. The data obtained were analyzed by using Microsoft excel to calculate the daily behavior formulas, and later was described in a comparative descriptive way. The most frequent behavior were resting (resting) 40.97%. The most preferred food for ring-tailed lemur was grapes Vitis vinifera (16.77%). This research provides data and information from the study species in order to help to improve the management of ex-situ conservation.
DIVERSITY OF MOLLUSK SPECIES IN MANGROVE FOREST ECOTOURISM AREA KAMPOENG KEPITING, TUBAN VILLAGE, BALI Warda Oktoh Pratiwi; Ni Made Suartini; I Ketut Ginantra
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p10

Abstract

Kampoeng Kepiting is one of the areas to seek ecotourism conservation which is supported by the government through Pertamina's Corporate Social Responsibility which is a social responsibility for environment (CSR) assistance to manage and utilize the potential of mangroves and foster nurseries for aquaculture. The structure of the mollusk community characterizes the quality of mangroves and becomes an attraction for ecotourism and aquaculture activities. There is not much information about the existence of mollusks in the mangrove forest of the Kampoeng Kepiting Ecotourism Area, so this study was conducted to determine the types of mollusks and their level of diversity in the area. Sampling was carried out in the natural mangrove zone and the reforestation mangrove zone, each of them which was five sampling plots. Sampling of mollusks was carried out using the square method measuring 1mx1m. The mollusk samples obtained were then brought to the laboratory in Biology Department for identification. There were 12 species of mollusks found in the Kampoeng Kepiting mangrove forest, including 11 species in the Gastropod class and 1 species in the Bivalvia class. The level of diversity of mollusks in general is moderate, with an index value of 2.12. Keywords: Diversity, mollusk, ecotourism potential.
INCREASING VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena L.) WITH APPLICATION ORGANIC FERTILIZER Hikmah Putri Wahyu Utami; Made Ria Defiani; I Ketut Muksin
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p03

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a horticultural product belong to the Solanaceae family. Eggplants are in great demand because cheap and lots of vitamin A, B and C. Along with increasing demand, eggplant production needs to be increased. Increasing eggplant production can be pursued by giving organic fertilizer with the right concentration. This research was conducted in April-August 2021 at the Green House of the Biology Study Program, FMIPA Udayana University. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a 3x4 factorial pattern with 3 replications. The first factor is the type of organik fertilizer (A) with compost (A1), cow manure (A2) and goat manure (A3). The second factor is the concentration of organik fertilizer (B) which is 0 g/polybag (control) (B0), 500 g/polybag (B1), 1,000 g/polybag (B2) and 1,500 g/polybag (B3). Parameters observed is plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, flower initiation time, age of the plant at harvest, number of fruit crops, fruit length,fruit weight, and fruit diameter. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) analysis. The results showed that the treatment of goat manure and a concentration of 1,500 g could increase all research parameters. The combination of goat manure with a concentration of 1,500 g gave effective results on the growth and production of eggplant.
THE POTENTIAL OF CLOVE LEAF EXTRACK (Syzygium aromaticum L.) AGAINST GROWTH OF FUNGAL Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. CAUSE OF BLIGHT DISEASE IN RICE PLANTS (Oryza sativa L.) I Gusti Ayu Diana Meirani; Ni Made Susun Parwanayoni; Ni Luh Suriani
SIMBIOSIS Vol 11 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Jurusan Biologi Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JSIMBIOSIS.2023.v11.i01.p04

Abstract

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. is a fungal pathogen that causes sheath blight in rice plants. Sheath blight disease can reduce rice production for the people of Indonesia. To prevent blight, fungicides are used. The continuous use of synthetic fungicides with inappropriate doses can have a negative impact, so it is necessary to look for alternatives with vegetable fungicides, one of which is clove leaf (Syzygium aromaticum L.). The aim of this study was to determine the ability of clove leaf extract to inhibit the fungus R. Solani and the class of compounds contained in the extract. Data were collected and collected using the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) test using the well-diffusion method, the inhibition percentage of clove leaf extract using the colony method, and the content of compounds using the phytochemical test. The minimum concentration (MIC) of clove leaf extract capable of inhibiting the fungus R. solani is 0.5%. The percentage of inhibitory activity can be reduced by 100% at an extract concentration of 1.5%. Clove leaf extract contains groups of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, steroids and terpenoids.

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