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INDONESIA
AL KAUNIYAH
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 19783736     EISSN : 25026720     DOI : 10.15408/kauniyah
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi (p-ISSN: 1978-3736, e-ISSN: 2502-6720) is an Open Access Journal published by Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, and established since 2007. Since 2016 Al-Kauniyah has established a collaboration with the Association of Lecturer in Biology and Biology Education throughout the State Islamic Higher University (PTKIN) in Indonesia. Until 2015, Al-Kauniyah covered environmental biology solely, but since 2016 the journal has been extended to cover the entire field of biological science (bioscience). By publishing biannually, on April and October, Al-Kauniyah is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject of biology. Since volume 9 issue 1 April 2016, Al-Kauniyah had been changes the layout. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Manuscripts can be submitted to AL-KAUNIYAH
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 366 Documents
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PATOGENISITAS Beauveria bassiana STRAIN STGD 7(14)2 DAN STGD 5(14)2 TERHADAP WERENG COKLAT (Nilaparvata lugens STÃ…L) Suryadi, Yadi; Wartono, Wartono; Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Lestari, Puji; Nirmalasari, Cyntia; Suryani, Suryani
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 11, No 2 (2018): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (910.742 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v11i2.6694

Abstract

AbstrakBeauveria spp. merupakan salah satu jamur entomopatogen yang dapat digunakan sebagai agen biokontrol terhadap berbagai serangga hama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji patogenitas Beauveria spp. terhadap serangga wereng coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stål). Isolat-isolat Beauveria spp. diisolasi dari serangga walang sangit dari Situ Gede, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Identifikasi jamur dilakukan berdasarkan analisis data sekuen dari daerah Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rDNA. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa patogenisitas isolat Stgd 5(14)2 dan Stgd 7(14)2 menghasilkan tingkat mortalitas 100% terhadap N. lugens. Isolat Stgd 5(14)2 dan Stgd 7(14)2 memiliki nilai LT50 yang rendah, danmenyebabkan kematian yang cepat terhadap wereng coklat. Hasil analisis filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa sekuen Stgd 5(14)2 dan Stgd 7(14)2 termasuk ke dalam spesies Beauveria bassiana s.str. Hasil studi ini merupakan kajian awal terhadap patogenisitas jamur entomopatogen B. bassiana terhadap wereng coklat, dan distribusinya di pertanaman padi Situ Gede, Jawa Barat.Abstract Beauveria spp. is one of the entomopathogenic fungi that can be used as biocontrol agents against various insect pests, including brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal). This study aimed to test the pathogenicity of Beauveria spp. against N. lugens. Beauveria spp. were isolated from the rice stink bug insects, collected from Situ Gede, Bogor, West Java. Fungal identification was carried out based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA analysis. The pathogenicity assay revealed that Stgd 5(14)1 and Stgd 7(14)2 isolates were virulent against N. lugens, with a mortality of 100%. The LT50 (median lethal time) determination, indicated that Stgd 5(14)2  and Stgd 7(14)2 isolates had low value indicating a faster mortality in brown planthopper insects. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequences of Stgd 5(14)2 and Stgd 7(14)2 belong to Beauveria bassiana s.str. This is the preliminary pathogenicity trial of entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana against brown planthopper and their distribution in rice-growing, Situ Gede area in West Java.
ANALISIS AKTIVITAS NITROGENASE DAN GEN NIFH ISOLAT BAKTERI RHIZOSFER TANAMAN PADI DARI LAHAN SAWAH PESISIR JAWA BARAT Susilowati, Dwi Ningsih; Setyowati, Mamik
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 9, No 2 (2016): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (530.064 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v9i2.4036

Abstract

AbstrakPenambatan nitrogen oleh bakteri rhizosfer dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menyiasati dampak salinitas pada tanah sawah pesisir. Kemampuan tersebut disebabkan oleh aktivitas nitrogenase yang disandikan gen nifH pada komponen II. Penelitian  ini bertujuan  menganalisis aktivitas nitrogenase pada kondisi salin dan mengidentifikasi gen nifH. Sebanyak 50 isolat bakteri rhizosfer asal tanah sawah pesisir daerah Eretan dan Patimban, Jawa Barat telah dianalisis. Lima isolat yang menunjukkan aktivitas nitrogenase pada kondisi salin adalah Er B1 3, Er B1 4, Er B1 9, Er B2 10, dan Ptb B1 4. Gen nifH kelima sampel diidentifikasi menggunakan PCR menghasilkan amplikon berukuran ~360 bp. Aktivitas nitrogenase tertinggi berdasarkan Analisis Reduksi Asetilen (ARA) diperoleh pada isolat Er B2 10 yang memiliki kekerabatan terdekat dengan bakteri Providencia sp. Hasil yang diperoleh membuktikan bahwa beberapa bakteri asal sawah pesisir dapat menambat nitrogen pada kondisi salin.AbstractThe ability of nitrogen fixation by rhizosphere bacteria could be used to decrease salinity impact in coastal paddy field, due to nitrogenase capability, encoded by a nifH gene in component II. The objectives of this research are to analyze nitrogenase activity in saline condition and identify the presense of the nifH gene. A total of 50 isolates of the rhizosphere bacteria coastal from wetland areas of Eretan and Patimban, West Java, has been isolated and being analyzed. Among them, five isolates i.e. Er B1 3, ER B1 4, Er B1 9, Er B2 10 and Ptb B1 4, showed the nitrogenase activity under saline condition. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the nifH gene from those five samples resulted in the amplicon size of  ~360 bp. The highest activity of nitrogenase assessed by acetylene reduction assay (ARA) was shown by Er B2 10 which closely related to bacteria of Providencia sp. The obtained result showed that several bacteria from coastal paddy field were able to conduct nitrogen fixation under saline stress.
Kadar Unsur Timbal pada Tanaman Kangkung di Tiga Pasar Tradisional Kecamatan Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan Adila, Mirjani; Laz, Thamzil; Yunita, Etyn
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 7, No 2 (2014): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (344.631 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v7i2.2722

Abstract

Water spinach (Ipomoea sp.) is a plant that is commonly consumed by the public. Shifting cultivation, distribution and sales that are not protected make vegetables easily contaminated by pollutants in the environment, one of the lead element. This study was conducted to determine the element content of Pb in water spinach sold in three traditional markets Cilandak subdistrict, South Jakarta. This study was conducted from February-March 2014 by using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer instrument (AAS) method flame. Analysis of the data using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with a confidence level of 95 %. If there are any differences, then followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The Maximum Tolerable Intake (MTI) test to determine the maximal consumption of watercress with a particular assay with an approximate weight of 60 kg. Based on this research, the element content of lead in water spinach in three traditional markets District of Cilandak ranged from 1.22 to 22.06 mg/kg. No significant effect on the three traditional markets District of Cilandak location. Organ roots have high levels of lead element compared to levels in the leaves and stems. The entire test sample had levels of lead element above SNI 7387:2009 maximum threshold of 0.5 mg/kg so They are not safe for consumption. Average maximum weight of kale on the three traditional markets in Sub Cilandak that may be consumed per week in the organs of leaves and stems ranged from 0.1492 to 0.6032 kg.
PENGARUH EKSTRAKSI BIJI DAN KOMBINASI MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PENYEMAIAN LABAN (Vitex pinnata L. Kuntze) Hartina, Hartina; Kusuma, Ratna; Susanto, Dwi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 12, No 1 (2019): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v12i1.8858

Abstract

AbstrakPenyemaian laban dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi biji belum banyak dilakukan dan perlu penambahan bahan pembenah tanah untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan semai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstraksi biji dan kombinasi media tanam terhadap penyemaian laban (Vitex pinnata L. Kuntze). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu ekstraksi biji (A0= ekstraksi basah dan A1= ekstraksi kering) dan kombinasi media tanam (M0= Tanah, M1= tanah + pasir, M2= tanah + kompos, M3= tanah + cocopeat), masing-masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji varian (ANOVA) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%, uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan pada taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada perlakuan ekstraksi biji kering dapat meningkatkan rata-rata persentase berkecambah sebesar 65,83% dan kecepatan tumbuh biji sebesar 3,25%, namun belum dapat meningkatkan pertambahan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat basah akhir, berat kering akhir dan laju pertumbuhan relatif. Kombinasi jenis media tanam tanah + kompos dapat meningkatkan persentase berkecambah sebesar 73,33% dan kecepatan tumbuh benih sebesar 3,40%. Penelitian ini sangat penting dalam penyiapan bibit siap tanam dalam budi daya V. pinnata.Abstract Seedling using seed extraction method has not been explored much and it needs to add soil enhancers to increase seedling growth. This research aims to determine the effect of seed extraction and combinations of planting media to seeding Laban (Vitex pinnata L. Kuntze). This research used a complete randomized design with two treatment factors namely seed extraction (A0= wet extraction, A1= dry extraction) and combinations of plant medium (M0= soil, M1= soil + sand, M2= soil + compost, M3= soil + cocopeat) were repeated three times each. The data were analyzed by using variance test (ANOVA) at 95% level of confidence and continued using Duncan test at 95% level of confidence. The result showed that the dry seed extract treatment increased the average of germination percentage by 65.83% and seed growth rate about 3.295% but could not increase plant height, leaf number, final wet weight, final dry weight dan relative growth rate. The combination of planting media  + compost increased the germination percentage by 73.33% and the seed growth about 3.40%, but not yet able to increase plant height, leaf number, final wet weight, final dry weight and relative growth rate of laban plant. This research is very important in preparing ready-to-plant seedlings in V. pinnata cultivation.
MORFOLOGI PERMUKAAN DAUN TANAMAN TERUNG (Solanum melongena L.) SEBAGAI RESPONS TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN Ilahi, Rizky Nanda Kurnia; Isda, Mayta Novaliza; Rosmaina, Rosmaina
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 11, No 1 (2018): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (670.312 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v11i1.5662

Abstract

Abstrak Terung (Solanum melongena L.) tergolong tanaman yang sensitif terhadap kekeringan selama tahap pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya. Karakteristik stomata dan trikoma merupakan kriteria yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi tanaman yang toleran terhadap kekeringan. Penelitian bertujuan menguji respons karakteristik anatomi daun berupa trikoma dan stomata tanaman terung terhadap cekaman kekeringan melalui empat taraf interval penyiraman. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap melalui empat taraf interval penyiraman, yakni 3, 6, 9, dan 12 hari.  Pengaruh cekaman kekeringan terhadap morfologi permukaan daun pada terung menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan kerapatan trikoma tiga kali lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan kontrol, penurunan ukuran lebar trikoma mencapai 59,02%, penurunan ukuran lebar stomata mencapai 78,34%, dan penurunan ukuran lebar porus stomata mencapai 80,80%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah trikoma dengan ukuran trikoma yang semakin kecil diduga sebagai bentuk proteksi tanaman terhadap kerusakan jaringan dan mekanisme adaptasi tanaman untuk dapat memenuhi jumlah asimilasi CO2 perluas daun yang dibutuhkan untuk fotosintesis pada kondisi kekeringan. Sensitifitas tanaman terhadap kondisi kekeringan berupa mekanisme adaptasi dengan cara memperkecil ukuran stomata dan bukaan lebar porus, sehingga laju fotosintesis tetap terjaga pada kondisi kekeringandan mekanisme tanaman menjaga efisiensi penggunaan air dengan cara mengurangi ukuran stomata dan memperkecil bukaan porus stomata.    Abstract Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) belongs to a group of plants that are sensitive to drought (water stress) during their growth and development stages. Characteristics of stomata and trichomes are criteria that can be used to identify drought-tolerant plants. This study aims to determine the response of leaf anatomical characteristics of the eggplant as well as trichome and stomata to drought stress through four levels of watering interval. The research using completely randomized design with watering intervals of 3, 6, 9, and 12 days. The effect of drought stress on leaf surface morphology of the eggplant resulted in three times greater trichomes density than control, decreased trichomes width by 59.02%, stomata width by 73.84%, and size of stomata porch width by 80.80%.. The result was showing that increasing number of trichome with smaller trichome size was thought to be a form of crop protection against tissue damage and plant adaptation mechanism in order to meet the amount of CO2 leaf expansion assimilation required for photosynthesis in drought stress condition. The sensitivity of plants to drought stress conditions is the mechanism of adaptation by reducing the size of stomata and wide porous opening, so that the rate of photosynthesis has been maintaining in the dry conditions and the mechanism of the plant maintain the efficiency of water use by reducing the size of stomata and minimizing stomata porous opening.   Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v11i1. 5667
Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus) sebagai Bioindikator untuk Polusi di Sekitar Terminal Lebak Bulus Waryanti, Waryanti; Sugoro, Irawan; Dasumiati, Dasumiati
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 8, No 1 (2015): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (361.706 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v8i1.2705

Abstract

Jakarta as one of the biggest city in Indonesia, it own more than 6.506.244 units of motor vehicles. The combustion of fossil fuels in motor vehicles can cause air pollution. Station is represented as one of heavy pollution location. The observation has be done by abservate the amount of vehicles, stomatal characteristic, and weight of dust on Angsana leaves, which growth around Lebak Bulus station. As the result, there is relation between weight of dust on leaf and stomatal characteristic, with r value = 1. The level weighat of dust on leaf has effect to stomata conditions, such as surface of stomata become smaller and shape of stomata become irregular, but amount and size of stomata didn’t influenced. In some case, leaf can be identifid by visible symptoms of injury such as chlorotic at the leaf veins, which caused by SO2 or black or brown flecks at the leaf veins, which caused by NOx.
VARIASI INFRASPESIES MACANG (Mangifera foetida) BERDASARKAN SEKUEN GEN rbcL Rafidah, Nurul; Fitmawati, Fitmawati; Juliantari, Erwina; Sofiyanti, Nery
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 12, No 1 (2019): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (488.856 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v12i1.5516

Abstract

AbstrakMacang (Mangifera foetida) adalah jenis mangga kosmopolit dengan vigoritas yang kuat. Macang banyak ditemukan di perkarangan dan kebun dan bersifat semi liar. Penurunan luas lahan seperti deforestasi dapat mengakibatkan keanekaragaman kultivar macang juga mengalami penurunan secara cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan merekonstruksi hubungan kekerabatan antar kultivar macang menggunakan sekuen gen rbcL. Sampel berasal dari koleksi hasil eksplorasi mangga Sumatera bagian Selatan, yaitu Provinsi Bengkulu, Lampung dan Sumatera Selatan. Ekstraksi DNA dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode CTAB yang dimodifikasi, kemudian DNA diamplifikasi dengan menggunakan primer spesifik rbcL forward dan reverse, dan dilakukan sekuensing serta analisis filogenetik. Rekontruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan program PAUP* versi 4.0b10 dengan metode Maximum Parsimony (MP) dan Neighbor Joining (NJ). Kladogram dengan MP diperoleh dua klad, yaitu pada klad I terdiri dari kultivar Macang lonjong dan Macang lado, sedangkan klad II terdiri dari kultivar Macang bulat. Berdasarkan metode NJ, diperoleh Macang bulat memiliki jarak genetik lebih panjang sehingga dianggap sebagai individu yang lebih primitif daripada kultivar yang lain. Dengan demikian, dari penelitian ini diperoleh informasi dan bukti dari status taksonomi kultivar macang.Abstract Mangifera foetida is a species of cosmopolitan mango with strong vigor. Some M. foetida are found in some front houses and gardens and has a character of semi-wild in its cultivation. Decreases in land area, such as deforestation, can lead to a rapid decline in their diversity of cultivars. This study aimed to analyze and reconstructs the phylogenetic relationship among M. foetida cultivars using the rbcL gene sequences. Samples were collected from the exploration within the area of South Sumatra, such as Provinces of Bengkulu, Lampung and South Sumatra. The DNA extraction was carried out using the modified CTAB method, followed by DNA amplification using rbcL-specific primers, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using the PAUP* version 4.0b10 by using the method of Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbor Joining (NJ). Cladogram of the MP tree showed two clades that the clad I consisted of M. foetida (Macang lonjong) and M. foetida (Macang lado) cultivars, whereas clad II consisted of M. foetida (Macang bulat) cultivar. The NJ tree showed that M. foetida (Macang bulat) has a longer genetic distance so it is considered as a more primitive cultivar than others. Therefore, information and evidences from the taxonomic status of the M. foetida cultivars were obtained from this study.
SUKU FABACEAE DI KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN) SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH, JAKARTA, BAGIAN 1: TUMBUHAN POLONG BERPERAWAKAN POHON Irsyam, Arifin Surya Dwipa; Priyanti, Priyanti
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 9, No 1 (2016): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (575.871 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v9i1.3257

Abstract

Abstrak Suku Fabaceae (polong-polongan) merupakan salah satu kelompok tumbuhan berbunga bernilai ekonomi tinggi. Berbagai jenis yang ditanam sebagai tanaman hias dan pohon peneduh di tempat umum, termasuk di kampus UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan informasi mengenai keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan polong berperawakan pohon di kampus UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode jelajah dan studi pustaka. Pengamatan lapangan dilakukan di kampus I dan II. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, didapatkan sebanyak 10 jenis anggota suku Fabaceae berperawakan pohon di lingkungan kampus. Kesepuluh jenis tersebut tercakup dalam 3 anak suku, 8 puak, dan 10 marga. Suku Fabaceae juga dipakai sebagai bahan ajar untuk mata kuliah Sistematika Tumbuhan.Abstract Fabaceae (legumes family) is one of the flowering plant families, which is economically important. Various species of Fabaceae were planted as ornaments and shade trees in public places, including in UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta. Therefore, this research aimed to provide information on the diversity of legume trees in UIN Syarif Hidayatullah. Research was conducted by using survey method and literature review. Field observations were conducted in Campus I and II. This research obtained 10 species of Fabaceae family members, which were grouped into 3 subfamilies, 8 tribes, and 10 genera. Fabaceae family is also used as teaching material in Plant Systematics study/course.
OPTIMASI DAN PEMEKATAN LIPASE Bacillus halodurans CM1 Aisyah, Arina; Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo; Trismilah, Trismilah; Suhendar, Dadang
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 10, No 2 (2017): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (570.189 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v10i2.4908

Abstract

Abstrak Lipase diketahui memiliki peranan penting dalam bidang industri. Produksi lipase dapat dihasilkan oleh kapang, khamir, dan bakteri. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas lipase yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus halodurans CM1. Aktivitas lipase dapat ditingkatkan dengan optimasi komposisi media, mutasi bakteri dengan radiasi gamma dan N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG). Enzim yang dihasilkan dipekatkan dengan metode stirred-cell ultrafiltration (UF)-ammonium sulfat dan UF-Polyethylene glycol (PEG). Uji aktivitas dilakukan pada tujuh media yang berbeda untuk mendapatkan media produksi. Delapan variabel komposisi media dioptimasi dengan rancangan Plackett-Burman. Bakteri dimutasi dengan radiasi gamma dosis 0,1–0,4 kGy dan NTG 0,05–0,15 mg/mL dengan waktu inkubasi 1–3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media produksi yang digunakan berdasarkan optimasi media dan komposisi media Plackett-Burman adalah media dasar Bora & Bora yang mengandung 0,5% palm oil (PO) dan 0,09% CaCl2. Aktivitas lipase optimal diproduksi oleh bakteri hasil mutasi dengan NTG 0,1 mg/mL yang diinkubasi selama 3 jam. Pemekatan enzim UF-ammonium sulfat dan UF-PEG mampu meningkatkan aktivitas enzim lipase sebesar 18,44%.  Abstract Lipase is known to have an important role in the industrial field. Lipase can be produced by molds, yeasts, and bacteria. The research aimed to increase the activity of lipase produced by Bacillus halodurans CM1. Lipase activity can be improved by optimization of the composition of the media, the mutation of bacteria with gamma radiation and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG). The enzyme was concentrated by stirred-cell ultrafiltration method (UF)-ammonium sulfate and UF-Polyethylene glycol (PEG). The activity test was performed on seven different media to get production media. The eight variables of the media composition were optimized by Plackett-Burman design. The bacteria were subject to mutation by using 0.1–0.4 kGy dose of gamma radiation and 0.05–0.15 mg/mL NTG with incubation time for 1–3 hours. The results showed that the production media used based on optimization and composition of Plackett-Burman media was Bora Bora medium that containing 0.5% palm oil (PO) and 0.09% CaCl2. Optimum lipase activity was produced by the bacterium that mutated with 0.1 mg/mL NTG, incubated for 3 hours. The concentrated by UF-ammonium sulfate and UF-PEG could increase the lipase activity by 18.44%.
Status Kritis Dua Jenis Badak di Indonesia Sadjudin, Haerudin R.; Syamsudin, Mochammad; Ramono, Widodo Sukohadi
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol 6, No 1 (2013): Al-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/al-kauniyah.v6i1.2832

Abstract

There are five species of rhinoceros in the world, two types of African (Diceros bicornis and Ceratotherium simum) and three species in Asia (Rhinoceros unicornis, Rhinoceros sondaicus and Dicerorhinus sumatrensis). Indonesia has two types, namely: the Javan rhino (Rhinoceros sondaicus Desmarest, 1822) and the Sumatran rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis Fischer, 1814).Both types of rhino in Indonesia is not endemic wildlife, but it is a species relich; formerly spread is very wide, but now in addition to the steadily declining population is also more limited distribution. This happens because it is caused by the conversion of forests as a habitat for rhinos, plantations, settlements, and exploitation of space for various purposes. Hunting of two species of rhinoceros also has a long history, so that a distribution in some places have been lost; as well as the habitat that has been designated as a conservation area too, the population in the last 35 years continues to decline. Therefore both the rhino species has been categorized by the IUCN (International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) as critical or threatened species (Critical Endangered Species), highly endangered species. Due to the critical status, then efforts were made to save him. But it seems these efforts have not maximized, because not all potential or the ability  multi-party support to carry out rescue from extinction.

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