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Medula
Published by Universitas Lampung
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Core Subject : Health, Science, Education,
Education Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health
Medical Profession Journal of Lampung didirkan pada tahun 2013. Medula hadir memenuhi kebutuhan publikasi jurnal bagi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran, Dosen ataupun klinisi dan profesi lain dibidang kedokteran. Medula diterbitkan dengan frekuensi 4 kali dalam setahun yang tiap nomornya mencakup 30 jenis artikel ilmiah seperti artikel penelitian, laporan kasus, tinjauan pustaka dan lain-lain. Medula sudah memiliki nomor ISSN media cetak sejak tahun 2013
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 972 Documents
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Potensi Tanaman Obat pada Penyakit Diabetes Melitus Dan Komplikasinya: Artikel Review Elisabeth Elva Monika; Triyandi, Ramadhan; Afriyani, Afriyani; Rahayu, Ihsanti Dwi; Iqbal, Muhammad
Medula Vol 14 No 4 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i4.1073

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan kelainan metabolisme yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia, yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi mikrovaskuler dan makrovaskuler. Dalam rangka pencegahan dan pengobatannya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tanaman obat dan kandungannya yang mempunyai efek terhadap pasien diabetes melitus, menganalisis dampak penggunaannya, dan memastikan tanaman mampu mengobati komplikasi diabetes melitus. Dalam tulisan ini, metode yang digunakan adalah mengidentifikasi dan mengevaluasi temuan relevan tanaman obat diabetes melitus dari artikel, memanfaatkan mesin pencari Google dan Google Scholar dengan kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel penelitian yang diterbitkan dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2013 - 2023), full-text. artikel penelitian yang mudah diunduh, dan artikel ditulis dalam bahasa Inggris atau bahasa Indonesia. Hasil literatur ini menunjukkan bahwa beberapa tanaman obat seperti Bawang Putih ( Allium sativum ), Teh Hijau ( Camellia Sinensis ), Daun Kelor ( Moringa Oleifera ), Daun Sirsak ( Annona muricata ), Jahe ( Zingiber officinale ), dan Kumis Kucing ( Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.) ditemukan mengandung berbagai senyawa bioaktif dengan efek positif dalam menurunkan kadar gula darah, melindungi organ yang berhubungan dengan diabetes, dan mengurangi risiko komplikasi. Temuan ini memberikan landasan yang kuat bagi pengembangan terapi herbal sebagai pendekatan alternatif atau komplementer dalam pengobatan diabetes melitus.
Sepsis pada Pneumonia: Literature Review Farhana, Shabrina; Wahyuni, Ari; Lisiswanti, Rika
Medula Vol 14 No 4 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i4.1075

Abstract

Sepsis is a clinical syndrome that occurs as a complication of severe infection and systemic inflammation and widespread tissue damage. Over the past three decades, the incidence of sepsis has continued to increase and has become the leading cause of death compared to other common diseases in Western countries. The incidence of sepsis reaches 750,000 every year with mortality reaching 50% in patients experiencing sepsis and septic shock. Pneumonia is the most common primary infection that occurs in sepsis patients. Pneumonia ranks third highest worldwide. Pneumonia sufferers with sepsis account for 40% of all pneumonia sufferers. Severe sepsis can be triggered by infections that occur during medical treatment or can also occur from community-acquired infections (Community Acquired Pneumonia). The aim of this literature review is to provide an overview of epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and therapy that can be carried out in patients with pneumonia complicated by sepsis. The results of this literature study show that clinical manifestations in patients are influenced by the location of the infection, the type of organism, and the severity or lightness of the infection. Therapy that can be carried out in patients with pneumonia with sepsis is initial resuscitation which includes administering 0.9% NaCL for 6 hours and vasopressors to maintain the patient's hemodynamics, as well as administering empiric antibiotics followed by antibiotics according to the culture results and resistance in the patient.
Application of Non-Pharmacological Therapy in Patients with Depression Lathifah, Dina Silmi; Damayanti, Ervina; Oktarlina, Rasmi Zakiah; Pardilawati, Citra Yuliyanda
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1079

Abstract

Gejala-gejala gangguan depresi adalah kesedihan, kehilangan minat atau kesenangan, perasaan bersalah atau harga diri yang rendah, gangguan tidur atau nafsu makan, perasaan lelah, dan konsentrasi yang buruk, yang dapat berujung pada bunuh diri. Sebagian besar pasien depresi tidak merespons dengan baik terhadap antidepresan yang saat ini tersedia. Hampir 30% pasien depresi tidak mengalami remisi. Terapi non-farmakologi menjadi alternatif pilihan. Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review dan mengambil data yang bersumber dari Pubmed. Kata kunci yang digunakan, yaitu “Nonpharmalogical treatment of depression” dan didapatkan 191 artikel dan jurnal ilmiah. Sebanyak 7 artikel dan jurnal ilmiah terpilih menjadi sumber acuan. Hasilnya adalah terapi non-farmakologi yang dapat dilakukan, seperti akupuntur, latihan fisik (aerobik, yoga, dan meditasi), pengurangan tidur dan terapi cahaya, terapi kejang magnet, stimulasi intermiten theta-burst, dan stimulasi dalam magnetic transcranial, serta terapi ekspresi.
Profil Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) Balita di Beberapa Pelayanan Kesehatan Salsabilla, Kharisma; Nurmasuri, Nurmasuri; Wardhana, Muhammad Fitra
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1082

Abstract

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a disease caused by the transmission of pathogens that infect the respiratory tract and result in disruption of normal respiratory activities in individuals. The cause of ARI itself can come from a viral or bacterial infection. Therapy for ARI caused by bacteria can use antibiotics. Giving antibiotics for ARI depends on the bacteria causing it. The principles of using antibiotic therapy are empirical therapy and definitive therapy. This literature study aims to determine the percentage of antibiotic use and the choice of antibiotics most frequently given to ARI patients. This research uses a literature review method with a search for articles using Google Scholar, Science Direct and Pubmed published in 2018-2024. Journals are collected using journal websites from searches using relevant keywords. After that, they are assessed regarding eligibility according to relevant researchers' criteria and a relevant review is carried out. The results of the review show that the use of antibiotics as ARI therapy often occurs, the use of antibiotics being the most frequently used in ARI such as amoxicillin and cephalosporin which have the same function and effectiveness. Antibiotics for clinical symptoms should be given based on clear indications, antibiotic administration should be based on the results of microbiological examination. This literature review can be used to evaluate the appropriateness of using antibiotics as an effort to prevent resistance.
Mekanisme Kerja & Penggunaan Klinis N-Acetylcystein (NAC) Pada Penyakit Paru & Saluran Napas Poty, Pitha Maykania; Mustofa, Syazili; Kurniawaty, Evi; Soleha, Tri Umiana
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1083

Abstract

Lung disease is one of the leading causes of illness and death worldwide. Lung disease can be caused by inflammation of the tissues due to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of lung disease, both acute and chronic. Oxidative stress in the lungs occurs when antioxidant capacity is depleted due to external exposures, such as changes in oxygen pressure due to pollutants, and internal exposures, such as systemic disease and activation of inflammatory cells in response to exposure. Oxidative stress is an imbalance in the production of oxidants and antioxidants in the body's metabolism. In lung disease, oxidative stress increases in endogenous metabolism so exogenous antioxidants in the form of N-acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) are needed. NAC is a glutathione precursor that can replenish total thiols (cysteine, cysteinylglycine, glutathione, and homocysteine). The mechanism of action of NAC is by interacting with ROS so that it can increase antioxidant capacity again. Oxidative stress can deplete antioxidants, NAC will release Thiol groups directly thereby neutralizing oxidants such as N and NO2. Clinically, NAC has been proven to be useful as a treatment for lung diseases such as COVID-19, asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD, and TB at high doses, namely 1200 mg/day.
Penggunaan Tanaman Mangrove Sebagai Obat Herbal di Lampung Selatan Rodiani, Rodiani; Islamy, Nurul
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1085

Abstract

As a means of adaptation to extreme habitats, mangrove plants produce a variety of secondary metabolic substances that have the potential as herbal medicines. Empirically, coastal communities have utilized and proven the medicinal properties of mangrove plants. The study’s objective was to determine the use of mangrove plants as herbal medicine in Pematang Pasir, South Lampung. The use of mangroves as medicine was obtained through in-depth interviews followed by descriptive analysis and calculation of species use value, plant part value, and fidelity level. The results showed that the use of mangrove plants as herbal medicine in the Pematang Pasir area, Ketapang District, South Lampung, ethnically dominated by the Serang ethnic group (54%), with the majority having completed junior high school education (38.1%), economically classified as middle-income based on BPS criteria (2020), with the majority working as fishermen and farmers, and the majority being adults (over 40 years old). Based on the Species Use Value (SUV), R. apiculata is the most popular and widely used species by the community. Based on Plant Part Value (PPV) analysis, leaves are the most commonly used part as herbal medicine, with over 75% of the population using mangrove leaves as a source of treatment, while other parts are less utilized. The level of community trust in the benefits of mangrove plants as medicine is relatively low, with figures below 50%. Rhizophora apiculata is the only species accepted with a high level of confidence of 88%, particularly as a wound or antiseptic medicine.
Laporan Kasus: Primigravida Sebagai Faktor Risiko Preeklampsia Istiqomah, Dinni; M, Faisal Abdul Aziz; Sari, Poppy Monika; Siregar, Wanda Feranti; Zulfadli, Zulfadli
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1086

Abstract

Hypertension in pregnancy (HDK) is one of the main causes of maternal death and is a significant cause of maternal and child morbidity. Preeclampsia is the presence of specific hypertension caused by pregnancy accompanied by disorders of other organ systems at a gestational age of more than 20 weeks. There are several risk factors for preeclampsia, namely nullipara (primigravida), age ≥ 40 years, BMI ≥ 35, family history of preeclampsia, multifetal pregnancy and pregnancy interval > 10 years. This study is a case report. Data was obtained from a 22 year old woman who came with complaints of being at term pregnant with complaints of heartburn accompanied by headaches, shortness of breath, nausea and vomiting since 3 weeks  before hospital admission. The patient has suffered from hypertension since 7 months of pregnancy, but the patient does not regularly take medication. On physical examination, blood pressure was found to be 152/112 mmHg and urinalysis examination showed positive nitrite, protein 500 mg/dl. The patient was diagnosed with severe preeclampsia. Primigravida is the most important risk factor found in these patients. Several previous studies have shown that there is a relationship between primigravida and the incidence of preeclampsia, where preeclampsia occurs more often in primigravida than multigravida. There are various theories that explain the process of preeclampsia in primigravida, but no theory is considered absolutely correct to date. Therefore, intervention is needed for early prevention and early management of preeclampsia, especially in primigravida.
Review Artikel : Aktifitas Hepatoprotektor Pada Tanaman Herbal Hanifah, Farah; Busman, Hendri
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1087

Abstract

The liver plays a vital role in the human body, serving as a site for the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, as well as detoxification of toxic compounds, bile salt formation, and vascular function. Liver damage can be caused by various factors, including drugs, infections, alcohol, autoimmune disorders, or hepatitis. Substances that induce liver damage are known as hepatotoxins, commonly including NSAIDs like paracetamol and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Chronic hepatitis is a significant global issue, including in Indonesia, with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses being the most common causes. Herbal medicine is increasingly being used for health benefits worldwide, contributing significantly to human health in preventive, curative, and rehabilitative aspects. Indonesia, rich in biodiversity, presents numerous opportunities for plants with potential hepatoprotective properties. Various herbal plants containing flavonoid compounds have been found to possess anti- inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoid derivatives, act as potential antioxidant prophylactic agents, crucial in protecting against liver lesions induced by CCl4. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are believed to be responsible for the pathogenesis of various liver diseases, and studies have shown the efficacy of herbal extracts in reducing ROS levels and lipid peroxidation in ethanol-induced liver damage. Several herbal plants exhibit hepatoprotective activities, including turmeric, bee pollen honey, cinnamon, eclipta alba, Tinospora cordifolia, Mimosa pudica, and Cassia fistula L. These plants have shown effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, contributing to the protection and regeneration of liver cells, inhibition of viral replication, and modulation of immune responses. In conclusion, numerous herbal plants exhibit hepatoprotective activities through various mechanisms, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects. Further research and exploration of these plants' therapeutic potential could lead to the development of effective treatments for liver diseases.
Pengaruh Pemberian Minyak Jelantah 1,5 mL/Hari Selama 14 Hari Terhadap Histopatologi Hepar Rattus norvegicus Jantan Ersa, Rakhmigasti Citra; Susianti, Susianti; Kurniawaty, Evi; Mustofa, Syazili
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1088

Abstract

Using cooking oil multiple times can caused bad effect on health one of them is liver damage. Free radical content in reused cooking oil trigger oxidative stress then disturb the cellular respons in liver. This study aimed to determine the effect of giving reused cooking oil for 14 days on rats (Rattus norvegicus) liver histopathology. This study was a true experimental using 10 rats (Rattus norvegicus) and were devided by 2 groups, which are normal group (KN) and treatment group (KP) that was given 1,5 mL reused cooking oil per day. After 14 days of treatment, rats were terminated and the liver were taken. To observe rats liver histopathology, cloudy swelling scoring were used on 5 field of view. Score 0: there was no cloudy swelling and necrosis found, score 1: there was 1-20% cloudy swelling and necrosis found, score 2: there was 21-50% cloudy swelling and necrosis found, score 3: there was 51-75% cloudy swelling and necrosis found, and score 4: there was more than 75% cloudy swelling and necrosis found.It was found a minimal cloudy swelling on KN with average liver damage score was 0,04. In group KP it were found cloudy swelling degeneration on all over the liver with average liver damage score was 4. Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference between groups. Giving reused cooking oil 1,5 ml/day for 14 days caused damage on male rats liver histopathology.
Review Article: Tatalaksana Hipertensi Pada Kehamilan Santika, Mesi; Oktafany, Oktafany; Damayanti, Ervina; Sukohar, Asep
Medula Vol 14 No 5 (2024): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v14i5.1090

Abstract

Hypertension is an increase in blood pressure exceeds normal limits i.e. blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg. Hypertension in pregnancy consists of four categories, namely preeclampsia/eclampsia, chronic hypertension, superimposed preeclampsia with chronic hypertension and gestational hypertension. Hypertension in pregnancy should be managed appropriately to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality rate, i.e. by preventing women from getting the risks of increased blood pressure, preventing disease progression and preventing the development of seizure and considering termination of pregnancy in life threatening situation for maternal and fetal health. The purpose of this literature review is to determine the management of hypertension in pregnancy. The method used is a literature review, i.e. by searching for both international and national literature using the google scholar and pubmed databases with the keyword "Management of hypertension in pregnancy". There are two categories of antihypertensive drug use in pregnancy, i.e. antihypertensive drugs that can be safely used in pregnancy and antihypertensive drugs to avoid in pregnancy. Antihypertensive drugs that are safe to use are labetalol, nifedipine, methyldopa, hydralazine, magnesium sulfate and prazosin. Antihypertensive drugs that should be avoided are angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin receptor blocker, diuretic, beta blocker (except labetalol) and calcium-channel blocker (except nifedipine and diltiazem).

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