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Pharmaciana: Jurnal Kefarmasian

PHARMACIANA
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Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

ISSN : 20884559 EISSN : 24770256 DOI : 10.12928

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Pharmaciana is a scientific journal published by the University of Ahmad Dahlan worked closely with Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia (IAI). Pharmaciana published three times a year, namely March, July and November. with ISSN 2088-4559 and e-ISSN 2477-0256. The article published in the Journal Pharmaciana selected by editors and reviewed by the reviewer. Articles published in Pharmaciana must not be published in other journals or have been previously published. Pharmaciana is indexed in google scholar, ACI (Asean Citation Index), Dimension (Crossreff), Garuda, Sinta, Sherpa Romeo, Index Copernicus International, DOAJ, and BASE. Pharmaciana is accredited by DIKTI (DGHE) of Indonesia No. 105/E/KPT/2022 April 07, 2022

Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)

Articles 808 Documents

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In silico toxicity prediction of 1-phenyl-1-(quinazolin-4-yl) ethanol compounds by using Toxtree, pkCSM and preADMET Yeni Yeni; Supandi Supandi; Fajar Merdekawati
Pharmaciana Vol 8, No 2 (2018): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

The 1-phenyl-1-(quinazolin-4-yl) ethanol compounds are alkaloids of quinozoline class found in many Hydrangeaceae families. A survey revealed that most of the identified quinazolin derivatives have anticancer activity. Toxicity prediction of 1-phenyl-1-(quinazolin-4-yl) ethanols were performed to obtain the best three compounds with high activity and the lowest toxicity. Toxicity prediction was conducted using Toxtree, pkCSM and PreADMET. 2D structure of compounds were formed using ChemDraw. The decision tree approach was used in Toxtree application with endpoints including Cramer rules, Kroes TTC, carcinogenicity (genotoxic and non genotoxic) and in vitro mutagenicity. Graph based signature was used in pkCSM application with endpoints including mutagenicity, maximum daily dose, LD50 and hepatotoxicity. In PreADMET application, a method based on drugs similarity and ADMET properties was used with endpoints including mutagenicity, carcinogenicity to rat and mice. The results of data analysis showed that the best three anticancer compounds that have high activity and the lowest toxicity are compounds 14, 16 and 19.

Thermostability and free radical scavenging activity of Annona muricata(L.) leaf extract in antiaging cream Alvin Aldo; Gabriela Eugresya; Mediana Hadiwidjaja; Christina Avanti
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Annona muricata is an Indonesian medicinal plant commonly used as an anticancer agent. The finding of its strong antioxidant activity leads to the development of cosmetic products, particularly as antiaging cream. Formulation may influence thermostability and free radical scavenging activity of A.muricata leaf extract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermostability and free radical scavenging activity of A.muricata leaf extract incorporated in Gattefosse Skin Cashmere cream. Accelerated stability study utilizing climatic chamber at a temperature of 40ÂºC Â± 2ÂºC and relative humidity of 75% Â± 5% for 20 days of storage was used to evaluate thermostability. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) using spectrophotometer was used for free radical scavenging activity test. The result from physical properties including appearance of antiaging cream, pH, viscosity and rheological properties of each formula showed that all of the formulas were stable at a temperature of 40ÂºC Â± 2ÂºC and relative humidity of 75% Â± 5% for 20 days. Free radical scavenging activity using DPPH showed high antioxidant activities from the A.muricata leaf extract in the Gattefosse Skin Cashmere cream. We concluded that A. muricata leaf extract could be developed into natural antiaging cosmetic product.

Antibacterial Activity of Leucaena leucocephala Leaf Extract Ointment against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Tunik Saptawati; Novita Dwi Dahliyanti; Pradika Nudya Risalati Rachman
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Practical experience shows that Leucaena leucocephala has long been used as a medicinal plant. The finely ground, crushed, or chewed leaves of this shrub are applied to the wound. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of L. leucocephala leaf extract ointment against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The extract was made by macerating L. leucocephala leaf powder in ethanol 70% with 10% concentration. The research samples included seven (7) formulas of ointments with various L. leucocephala leaf extract (LLE) concentrations, namely F1 (0%), F2 (5%), F3 (10%), F4 (15%), F5 (20%), F6 (25%), and F7(100%). Their antibacterial activities were measured from the diameter of the inhibition zone, which was formed because the administered antibiotics stopped the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis placed in Nutrient Agar medium. Gentamicin Sulfate ointment and Oxytetracycline HCl ointment were used as positive controls. The results showed that LLE inhibited the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis when prepared at concentrations of at least 20% (F5) and 25% (F6), respectively. The difference between the antibacterial activities of LLE 100% and Gentamicin Sulfate ointment was not significant. The capacities of LLE to prevent the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis were lower than Oxytetracycline ointment. These capacities express the antibacterial activity of LLE ointment against S. aureus and S. epidermidis, meaning that LLE can be used as a topical antibacterial agent.Â

Esterification of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with glucose using a Î³-Al2O3/SO4 catalyst Elfia Siska yasa Putri; Widajanti Wibowo; Soleh Kosela
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Esterification of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with glucose can be expected to produce esters. The rate of esterification reaction is usually very slow and, therefore, needs an acid catalyst to accelerate it. This research examined the performance of a heterogeneous catalyst made of Î³-Al2O3 impregnated with a protic acid, H2SO4. The heterogeneous catalyst, Î³-Al2O3/SO4, was characterized using XRD, XRF, and BET methods. The esterification reactions were conducted using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent at a temperature of 1000C and observed after they lasted for 1 to 24 hours (reaction time). The esterification of p-hydroxybenzoic acid with glucose used two catalysts, namely 3% SO42-/Al2O3 and 5% SO42-/Al2O3. The reaction products were analyzed using HPLC, IR, and LC-MS methods. The % yield was the highest at Hour 24 for both catalysts, while the % conversion fluctuated during the esterification time. The LC-MS showed that the three produced esters had molecular weights of 300, 420, and 540.

Analysis of dog fat in beef sausage using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) combined with chemometrics Any Guntarti; Zelinda Ayu Purbowati
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Sausage is ready to eat meals for children and adults. The meat contained in a beef sausage might not be consistent to the one listed on the label. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy combined with a chemometric method was the most used methods to detect beef fat with rapid and consistent results. Results of analysis can classify fatty acid composition. The aim of this study was to know the profile of spectra and grouping of beef tallow and dog meat with FTIR. The study was designed by making 7 different variations of dog reference sample concentrations (100%, 75%, 65%, 50%, 35%, 25%, and 100%) beef fat and five other samples were gathered from various street vendors. Results were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy combined with chemometric with PLS (Partial Least Square) and PCA (Principal Component Analysis). The results of analysis will be analysed using Horizon MB application to obtained optimal wave number at 688-1124 cm-Â¹. Results equation obtained y = 0.9999 x + 0.0004 and value RÂ² equal to 0.9999; RMSEC (root mean square error of calibration) of 0.30%; RMSEP (root mean square error of prediction) of 0.05% and RMSECV (root mean square error of cross validation) of 0.05%. The low values of RMSEP, RMSEC, RMSECV and RÂ² close to one indicate that the FTIR combined with chemometric is an appropriate method for analyzing the presence of fat content in the sample. From the analysis showed that 1 of 5 sausage market samples has similarities with dog fat.Â

Leakage Induced in Eschericia coli Cells by Secondary Metabolites of the J7 Bacterial Isolates from the Rhizosphere of Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum Dianita Febrina Leswara; Nanik Sulistyani; Kintoko Kintoko
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Isolate J7 is a bacterial strain separated from the rhizosphere of Zingiber officinale Roscoe var. Rubrum that potentially produces antibacterial compounds against Escherichia coli. The study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of the most active fraction of this isolate from its capacity to induce leakage in E. coli cells. The secondary metabolites were extracted from Isolate J7 using ethyl acetate solvent and then fractionated with different ratios of hexane and ethyl acetate solventsâ€•1:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, 3:7, 2:8, 1:9, and 0:1 (v/v), ethyl acetate and methanol with 1:1 (v/v) ratio, and methanol 100%. Fractions were identified based on the spotting on the Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC) plate. Only the most active fraction was tested to define its ability to cause leakage of cellular components like nucleic acid and protein. The leakage was scanned with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 260 and 280 nm. The results showed that F2 was the fraction that prevented the growth of E. coli most actively because it created a zone of inhibition sized 11.58Â±0.95 mm in diameter with the lowest MIC among the other fractions (10%). Also, based on the spectrophotometric analysis, the addition of F2 at concentrations of 10% and 20% resulted in higher levels of protein, DNA, and RNA than the negative control. In conclusion, F2 can cause plasma membrane leakage in E. coli at a concentration of 10%. Another fraction that exhibited antibacterial activity was F3. In the spotting analysis of the TLC plate, F3 appeared to have a spot profile and Rf that were similar to F2 but considerably different from the inactive fractions (i.e., showing no antibacterial activity). Observed with multiple wavelengths, the Rf values of F2 and F3 spots varied between 0.56-0.57 and 0.61-0.62 (254 nm) and 0.47-0.48 and 0.56-0.57 (366 nm), respectively. Because these spot profiles did not appear in the inactive fractions, compounds with this range of Rf values are, thereby, suspected as the active substances that inhibit the growth of E. coli.

Antibacterial activity of fractions from papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) extract against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi and the contributing compounds Devi Nisa Hidayati; Nurul Hidayati; Esa Evinda; Nur Rahayu Fitriana; Awal Prichatin Kusumadewi
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/pharmaciana.v9i1.12438

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) seed has been reported to have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. It contains compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of fractions from the ethanolic extract of papaya seed against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi and identify the specific compounds that contribute to their efficacy. Papaya seeds were extracted through maceration with 70% ethanol solvent, and the extracts were subjected to fractionation with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water solvents and followed by a diffusion method to examine the antibacterial activity of both extracts and fractions. Fractions with a series of concentrations were used, namely 10-50% (n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions) and 100-500% (water fraction). The compounds of the ethanolic extract and its fractions were identified with phytochemical screening. The results showed that the n-hexane and water fractions exhibited antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli when applied at a minimum of 10% and 100% concentration, respectively, but not against Salmonella typhi. Meanwhile, starting from 10% concentration, the ethyl acetate fraction was able to prevent the growth of both Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The compound detection tests revealed that the n-hexane fraction contained alkaloids and terpenoids, the ethyl acetate fraction had alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins, and the water fraction comprised flavonoids and saponins.Â

Formulation of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) flower extract in peel off mask using polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol 6000 base Dian Ermawati; Vini Nurbaiti; Uswatun Chasanah
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Flavonoid and Carotenoids in marigold extract can act as a potent antioxidant. The using of antioxidant peel off face mask is very practicalÂ The aim of this research is to determine the effect of Marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) extract concentration in Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000 peel off mask base to the physical characteristic and stability. Marigold flower ethanol extract in 3 different concentration (F1 3 %, F2 4% and F3 6%) were formulated in peel off mask using PVA and PEG 6000 base. Evaluation of peel off mask including physical characteristics (organoleptic, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, and drying time), chemical (pH) and Â stability.The Â results showed Â that all of the formulas have a brown color and soft textured gel. All of the formulas were homogeneous. In viscosity, a test showed that F1, F2, F3 (18.466; 22.533; 28.133cps), drying time test (29.1; 26.29; 24.64 minutes), and pH (5.5I; 4.71; 4.59). There was no significant difference in viscosity, pH, drying time and spreadability test. The result of a stability test and freeze-thaw showed that all of the formulas were stable and there were no significant changes in organoleptic and pH. Marigold extract until 6 % can be formulated in peel off mask using PVA and PEG 6000 base. All of the formulas showed good stability and good physical characteristic.

Enhancing the dissolution rate of mefenamic acid with solid dispersion system using avicel PH-101 Widyasari Putranti; Lina Widiyastuti; Fitri Ulfani
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Â Mefenamic acid, based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS), is a class II drug that has high permeability but low water solubility. To improve its intrinsic dissolution rate, it is usually combined with a hydrophilic and porous drug carrier like Avicel to create a solid dispersion. This study aimed to enhance the intrinsic dissolution rate of mefenamic acid using a solid dispersion with Avicel PH-101. The test of intrinsic dissolution rate involved a rotational speed of 60 rpm and CO2-free water with a temperature of 37Â°C as a medium. The interaction of mefenamic acid and Avicel PH-101 was analyzed with FTIR and DSC spectroscopy. The test results showed that the intrinsic dissolution rates (in mg.cm-2.minute-1) of three replications of mefenamic acid, Solid Dispersion of Mefenamic Acid and Avicel PH-101 (SDMA) with 1:1 ratio, SDMA with 1:2 ratio, Physical Mixture of Mefenamic Acid and Avicel PH-101 (PMMA) with 1:1 ratio, and PMMA with 1:2 ratio were (8.0x10-4 Â± 3.0x10-4), (38.0x10-4 Â± 3.0x10-4), (67.0x10-4 Â± 10.0x10-4), (20.0x10-4 Â± 6.0x10-4), and (44.0x10-4 Â± 14.0x10-4), respectively. The interaction between mefenamic acid and Avicel PH-101 created a hydrogen bonding, as evidenced by the shift in the peaks of FTIR spectra. Based on the DSC thermogram, the mefenamic acid-Avicel PH-101 interaction shifted the steep peak on the curve of mefenamic acid slightly. Avicel PH-101 in this solid dispersion can increase the intrinsic dissolution rate of mefenamic acid through hydrogen bonding instead of decreasing its crystalline structure into an amorphous from.

Effect of Spirulina platensis suspension on quality and quantity of sperm and expression of caspase-3 of testis in diabetic wistar rats induced by streptozotocin Ayu Shabrina; Kintoko Kintoko; Sapto Yuliani; Adhi Gunawan
Pharmaciana Vol 9, No 1 (2019): Pharmaciana
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diabetes is metabolic disorders caused by oxidative stress that has always been linked to male reproductive dysfunction. Spirulina platensis has been used for therapeutic supplements for diabetes and repairing reproduction organs based on its antioxidant effects. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Spirulina platensis suspension (SP) on quality and quantity of sperm also the expression of caspase-3 on testis in male Wistar rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). This study used 30 adult male Wistar rats that divided into 6 groups of K1 (normal), K2 (single injection of STZ 45 mg/kg BW), K3 (normal rats treated with SP 36/kg BW/day) and treatment group K4, K5 and K6 were diabetic rats given with SP 36 mg/kgBW, 72 mg/kgBW and 144 mg/kg BW. The treatment was given orally for 28 days. Blood glucose level levels were measured using the biochemical analyzer. Quality and quantity of sperm were analyzed using Neubauer slide under the microscope. Apoptosis of Leydig cells was detected by immunohistochemical staining using Caspase-3 polyclonal antibodies. The result showed that there were significant differences between groups (p < 0.05) in final blood glucose level, quality, and quantity of spermatozoa and expression of caspase-3. Our findings clearly highlight the role of Spirulina platensis as an antidiabetes and protective agent for reproducton organs of STZ-induced in diabetic male Wistar rats that improves quality and quantity of sperm cells and reproductive organs.

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Contact Name Muhammad Syahrir

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Editorial Address Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location Kota yogyakarta, Daerah istimewa yogyakarta INDONESIA

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Contact Name
Muhammad Syahrir

Contact Email
m.syahrir7406@unm.ac.id

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
nurkhasanah@pharm.uad.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl. Prof. Dr. Soepomo, S.H., Janturan, Warungboto, Umbulharjo, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Kode pos 55164

Location
Kota yogyakarta,

Daerah istimewa yogyakarta

INDONESIA