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Jurnal Theologia
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
ISSN : 08533857     EISSN : 2540847X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences Other
Jurnal THEOLOGIA, ISSN 0853-3857 (print); 2540-847X (online) is an academic journal published biannually by Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang. It specializes in Islamic Studies (Ushuluddin) which particularly includes: Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Al-Quran (Tafsir) and Hadith, Study of Religions, Sufism and Islamic Ethics.
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Articles 486 Documents
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Contesting the Non-Muslim Existence In a Democratic State: A Trajectory to Hack Majority-Minority Relations In Indonesia Ubaidillah, Muchamad Faiz
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.20231

Abstract

The outbreak of inter-religious conflict today is mostly caused by unequal majority-minority relations, especially in the context of a democratic state—Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to reconcile and integrate the Islamic paradigm with the democratic system, especially in a country dominated by one religion. In this article, the author analyzes the social friction between the majority and minority with an intertextuality approach between classical Sunni literature and the development of modern democratic discourse. The author finds that the tradition of Sunni classical fiqh literature was born from scholars who used to live under the auspices of religious states that still considered non-Muslims as second-class citizens. In addition, this article reviews the concepts of state religion and state democracy and the social conflicts that may occur in them. Finally, the author tries to provide an alternative way to integrate the Islamic paradigm and the concept of citizenship and secularization efforts in the form of separation between religious identity and identity as a citizen for better democratic state conduct.
Fake Sacred Tomb Business in The Coastal Areas of West Kalimantan in The Era of Regional Autonomy Abu Bakar; Hakimah, Nur; Hudi Prasojo, Zaenuddin; bin Haji Masri, Sahrin
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.21495

Abstract

In the coastal areas of West Kalimantan, several new sacred tombs have recently become the subject of community discussions, first emerging around 2020. This study seeks to uncover the existence of these tombs and reveal the underlying facts so that the true events can be accurately explained. To achieve this, the study employed qualitative methods and a phenomenological perspective to address the research focus. Data were collected through observations at the research sites and interviews with relevant stakeholders. All data were validated using member-checking techniques to ensure accuracy and credibility. Subsequently, the data were analyzed in detail, developing concepts that explain the actual events. The study’s findings indicate that business activities drive the emergence of these new sacred tombs. Among the tombs identified are the tomb of Hasan in Pontianak, Muhammad in Kubu Raya, Usman in Mempawah, and the Nine Sacred Tombs in Ketapang. These tombs have been established based on the claims of individuals who assert their origin from dreams and/or supernatural events rather than from historical evidence. The analysis suggests that the context of Regional Autonomy plays a significant role, as it reflects a policy trend of developing sacred tombs for pilgrimage into religious tourism aimed at boosting the regional economy. This policy has seemingly inspired the creation of fake sacred tombs, which copy well-known tombs that are centers of religious tourism. The business activities surrounding these fraudulent tombs include selecting tomb sites, socialization, promotion, site management, and the economic benefits of pilgrim donations. The phenomenon of new sacred tombs is not unique to West Kalimantan but is also observed in other regions of Indonesia. Given the scope of this trend, further research is needed to provide a comprehensive explanation of the emergence of these new sacred tombs to enlighten the community.
Islamic Theological Reflections on Humanitarian Principles Towards Queer: Perspective of Qur’anic Interpretation Sa'dan, Masthuriyah; M. Mukhtasar Syamsuddin; Agus Himmawan Utomo
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.21631

Abstract

This research examines the principles of queer humanity in religious teachings written in the Qur'an. This research uses a qualitative literature study method, while the Qur'anic text reading uses Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd's contextual reading method. This study found several findings: First, humans are bound in a primordial covenant with God, and human life's orientation is to recognize God's Oneness. Second, humans are born in a state of fitrah (pure). Third, humans are ethical and moral beings. Fourth, every human person is valuable. Because the principle of humanity is written in the Qur'an, it is appropriate for humanity to have a religious, ethical attitude toward queer people by promoting the principles of justice, tolerance, and equality between human beings. This religious, ethical attitude is a guideline for human life regardless of differences in gender identity and sexual orientation. The principles of humanity in the teachings of Islam written in the Qur'an and hadith place humans, both men, women, and queers, as equal beings before God.
Portrait of Graduate Theology In Indonesia: The Conflict Between God's Needs and Self-Life Needs GP, Harianto; Ming, David; Slamet Triadi; Novita Loma Sahertian
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.22413

Abstract

The background study explores Portrait of Graduate Theology in Indonesia as it relates to the dilemma between serving God and your own needs, particularly in light of the increasing number of theology graduates and their employment challenges. The increase in the number of theology majors by 13% raises concerns, given that 42% of these graduates face unemployment. This situation highlights a significant gap in theological education, where the quality may not meet the job market demands. The objective research aims to understand how theological education can better prepare students for spiritual service and practical life needs. This research employs a literature review approach, examining existing theoretical frameworks and empirical data on the social dynamics surrounding theology graduates. It examines various customs, norms, and societal expectations influencing these graduates' educational experiences and career paths. The increasing number of theology graduates juxtaposed with high unemployment presents a critical challenge for theological education. By adopting holistic approaches integrating spiritual formation with practical applications, institutions can better prepare students to navigate their dual roles in serving God and fulfilling personal life needs. This alignment could ultimately reduce unemployment rates among theology graduates while enriching their contributions to society.
Sentiment Analysis on Social Media and Stakeholders about Negative Issues Among Islamic Boarding School Community In Indonesia Kamal, Muhammad Rikzam; Noviyanto, Kholid; Subhan, Hadi; Afiana, Lia
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.23164

Abstract

This study examines public sentiment towards Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) in Indonesia using Twitter data and interviews with pesantren stakeholders, including administrators (asatidz), students (santri), and the surrounding community. Sentiment analysis of Twitter data, collected using the hashtag #pondokpesantren in 2023, revealed that public sentiment is predominantly neutral, with fewer positive and negative opinions. The analysis, conducted using the K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) model, achieved 90% accuracy and an F1-Score of 89.9%, indicating reliable performance in classifying sentiment. On the other hand, interviews with pesantren stakeholders highlighted more nuanced issues, such as security concerns, educational autonomy, and disciplinary practices, which were not widely discussed on social media. The findings reveal a gap between public perceptions on Twitter, which tend to generalize pesantren issues, and stakeholders’ detailed, experience-based insights. This discrepancy underscores the need for open communication between pesantren and the public to address emerging concerns and improve pesantren’s education and security systems. By combining sentiment analysis and phenomenological interviews, this study provides a deeper understanding of public perceptions and the internal challenges faced by pesantren in Indonesia, offering valuable insights for future improvements in pesantren management and public engagement.
The Role of al-Hamid Clan in Islamic Affairs at Petuanan Namatota and Petuanan Kumisi in Kaimana, West Papua Affan, Muhammad; Suaedy, Ahmad; Alnizar, Fariz; Muhtarom, Ahmad
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.23329

Abstract

There have been many studies on Islam and Islamic societies in Papua. However, there have not been many studies on Arab descendants in Papua. Nevertheless, people of Arab descent have long been present in Papua and have played a significant role in developing the Islamic community in Papua. Therefore, discussing their role in the Papuan Muslim community is important. Based on this issue, the following article examines Papuans from the Al-Hamid clan in two chiefdoms in Kaimana, namely Petuanan Namatota and Petuanan Kumisi. The main issue discussed in this research is the Al-Hamid clan's role in Islamic affairs in the Namatota and Kumisi Chiefdoms in Kaimana. The research data were obtained through a literature review and fieldwork in Kaimana, West Papua. The results show that Papuans of Arab descent from the Al-Hamid clan play an important role in religious affairs in the Namatota and Kumisi Chiefdoms. People from Al-Hamid's descendants have been religious teachers, qadhi, mosque imams, and policymakers in Islamic religious affairs in the two chiefdoms since around the end of the 19th Century. Al-Hamid's descendants still carry out these roles, although they are delegated to other parties in some circumstances.
Pathways to Healing: Forgiveness and Spiritual Growth for Domestic Violence Survivors in Islam Salama, Nadiatus
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 35 No. 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2024.35.2.23534

Abstract

Forgiveness plays a crucial role in the psychological recovery of domestic violence (DV) survivors, and within the framework of Islamic teachings, it is seen as a means of attaining inner peace and spiritual healing. This study explores the role of forgiveness in the psychological and spiritual healing of domestic violence (DV) survivors within an Islamic framework. Employing a qualitative case study approach through in-depth interviews, semi-structured interviews, and observations with a single female DV survivor in Solo, Indonesia, to gain insights into the complex, non-linear journey of forgiveness. This study investigates the forgiveness process that aligns with Islamic principles of mercy (rahmah), patience (sabr), and divine justice. The findings reveal that the process of forgiveness is complex, non-linear, and influenced by various dynamics, including feedback and feed-forward loops, with survivors revisiting earlier stages. This process is often unpredictable, with survivors revisiting previous stages they thought were overcome, accompanied by changes in attitude. Victims' motivation to forgive is frequently influenced by a desire to accept the situation sincerely, often aligned with religious teachings. Additionally, releasing negative emotions is a significant driving force in the forgiveness process. Social support from family, community, and religious institutions is crucial in encouraging victims to engage in forgiveness, providing the necessary encouragement and understanding to navigate this challenging journey. The study underscores the importance of integrating religious guidance with psychological support, highlighting the significant psychological benefits of forgiveness for DV survivors, including improved emotional well-being and interpersonal relationships.
Kant's Legacy: Exploring Borders, Races, and Gender in His Philosophy Adeoye, Moses Adeleke
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.25659

Abstract

Immanuel Kant's philosophy, celebrated for its universalist ethics, harbors a shocking paradox: his groundbreaking ideas on autonomy and cosmopolitanism coexist with deeply Eurocentric, racist, and patriarchal views. This tension raises urgent questions about the applicability of Kantian principles in contemporary debates on borders, race, and gender. This study critically examines Kant's legacy, interrogating how his moral and political frameworks, while foundational, reinforce hierarchies that marginalize non-Europeans, women, and migrants. The research objectives are threefold: (1) to analyze Kant's contradictions between universalism and exclusionary practices, (2) to assess the implications of his racial and gendered hierarchies for modern social justice movements, and (3) to explore pathways for reclaiming Kantian ethics inclusively. Using a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed works (1990–2024), the study synthesizes critiques from critical race theory, feminist philosophy, and postcolonial studies. Key findings reveal that Kant's racial theories justified colonial oppression, his gender binaries perpetuated patriarchal norms, and his cosmopolitanism neglected border violence. However, his emphasis on human dignity offers a redeemable framework for rethinking global justice. The study contributes by bridging Kantian scholarship with intersectional critiques, proposing a revised ethics that confronts historical biases while retaining universalist aspirations. By exposing these contradictions, the paper urges philosophers to reckon with Kant's legacy—not to discard it, but to transform it into a tool for equity.
Test Anxiety Among Special Education Students at the University of Dohuk, Iraq: Prevalence, Predictors, and Intervention Implications Arezi, Anfal Abdulhafidh Zainal; Arezi, Musaab Abdulhafidh Zainal
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.26380

Abstract

Test anxiety remains a persistent and alarming phenomenon among university students, particularly in high-stakes academic environments. This study investigates the prevalence and determinants of test anxiety among special education students at the University of Dohuk, Iraq—a population often overlooked in regional educational research. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were gathered from 60 stratified participants using the Al-Ghadi Exam Anxiety Scale, covering cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and physiological dimensions. Results revealed significantly above-average levels of test anxiety (mean = 91.85), with no statistically significant differences based on gender or academic year. These findings challenge commonly held assumptions about demographic variation in anxiety and underscore the systemic, non-discriminatory nature of the issue. Contributing to both theory and practice, this study highlights that test anxiety in this context stems not only from personal psychological factors but also from structural rigidities in assessment and lack of institutional support. The study calls for culturally sensitive, curriculum-integrated interventions that address students' emotional well-being holistically. By identifying anxiety as a widespread and consistent educational barrier, especially in underrepresented regions like Kurdistan, this research advocates for evidence-based reforms to foster resilience, equity, and academic success in special education programs.
The Strategic Role of Religious Authority in Supporting State Policy on Non-Natural Disaster Management in Indonesia Mahsun, Muhammad; Khoir, Tholkhatul; Mufrikhah, Solkhah; Masrohatun; Hashim, Shahrin
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.25436

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has not only posed a grave threat to global public health but also disrupted the socio-religious fabric of Indonesian society, particularly in how Muslims perform communal worship. In response to government-mandated restrictions, resistance emerged from various societal groups, exposing a growing distrust toward state policy and weakening public compliance. This study investigates the strategic role of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) as a religious authority in supporting government efforts to manage COVID-19 as a non-natural disaster. Specifically, it addresses two key questions: (1) How did MUI contribute to the government's pandemic response through its fatwas? and (2) What was the strategic significance of these fatwas in the broader context of state development? Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were gathered through field observation, interviews, and document analysis in three regions of Central Java. The findings reveal that MUI fatwas were instrumental in aligning religious practice with public health directives at macro, meso, and micro levels. Through its fatwas and outreach programs, MUI functioned as both a moral guide and policy communicator. This study contributes to the discourse on religion-state relations in new democracies and highlights how religious legitimacy can enhance state resilience during public crises.

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