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Jurnal Theologia
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
ISSN : 08533857     EISSN : 2540847X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences Other
Jurnal THEOLOGIA, ISSN 0853-3857 (print); 2540-847X (online) is an academic journal published biannually by Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang. It specializes in Islamic Studies (Ushuluddin) which particularly includes: Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Al-Quran (Tafsir) and Hadith, Study of Religions, Sufism and Islamic Ethics.
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Articles 486 Documents
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Harmful Socio-Cultural Practices and Gendered Oppression in Northern Nigeria: A Phenomenological Study Uroko, Favour
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.25466

Abstract

In Northern Nigeria, deeply embedded socio-cultural and religious norms continue to marginalize girls and young women through systemic practices such as child marriage, sexual violence, limited access to reproductive health education, and economic dependency. Despite increasing awareness of gender inequality in the region, there remains a limited understanding of the lived experiences of affected individuals. This study explores how patriarchal values and harmful traditions shape the daily realities of girls and women in northeastern and northwestern Nigeria. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth oral interviews with 30 purposively selected participants aged 12–73. Thematic analysis using the Colaizzi method revealed four major themes: widespread sexual abuse, unsafe abortion practices, limited health literacy, and deepening economic dependence. These findings highlight how silence—driven by cultural taboos and institutional neglect—perpetuates gender-based harm. The study contributes to global gender discourse by foregrounding the voices of marginalized Muslim girls and women, offering culturally contextualized evidence to inform gender-sensitive policy and advocacy by governments, NGOs, and faith-based organizations.
Rethinking the God of the Gaps Argument: An Islamic Philosophical Critique of New Atheism Muslih, Mohammad Kholid; Miqdad Hamid al Anshory; Aldy Pradhana
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.25497

Abstract

The persistent claim by New Atheists that belief in God merely functions as a placeholder for ignorance—commonly referred to as the "God of the Gaps" (GOG) argument—has significantly influenced contemporary discourse on the relationship between science and religion. This view asserts that the more science progresses, the less necessary God becomes, thereby reducing divine agency to an explanatory tool for unresolved phenomena. This article aims to critically examine the logic and epistemological assumptions behind the GOG argument, especially as articulated by figures such as Richard Dawkins and Christopher Hitchens. Employing a qualitative method through critical literature analysis, this study draws on primary texts from New Atheist thinkers and philosophical responses from both Western and Islamic traditions. The analysis incorporates logical critique, especially identifying fallacies such as appeal to ignorance, false dichotomy, and strawman argumentation, and integrates Islamic epistemology, particularly the distinction between rational-metaphysical knowledge (‘ilm al-ma'rifah) and empirical knowledge (‘ilm al-ma'lūmāt). The findings reveal that the GOG argument relies on a reductionist worldview that fails to account for the metaphysical dimensions of reality. As a contribution, the paper offers an Islamic philosophical framework that transcends the false dichotomy between science and religion, proposing a coherent epistemology rooted in tawḥīd that sees science as a means to understand—not replace—divine order.
Philosophical Theology as a Catalyst for Inclusive Interreligious Dialogue in Plural Societies Widiyaningtyas, Ester; Christi, Areyne; Nicolaides, Angelo; Ming, David
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.26004

Abstract

In an era of intensifying religious diversity and sociopolitical polarisation, interreligious dialogue is both a necessity and a moral imperative. However, such dialogue is often constrained by epistemological biases, theological exclusivism, and rigid doctrinal frameworks. This study explores the role of philosophical theology as a transformative medium for inclusive interreligious communication. Drawing on biblical values such as love, justice, and peace, and informed by dialogical approaches from Islamic (ta’aruf) and Jewish (“I-Thou”) traditions, the research proposes a pluralistic theological model grounded in epistemic humility and shared ethics. Utilising a descriptive-analytical method through systematic literature review of 50 scholarly works, the study demonstrates how philosophical reflection can overcome confessional barriers, reframe hermeneutical practices, and support practical initiatives—such as scriptural reasoning and alternative media—for sustainable dialogue. The research contributes theoretically by expanding the framework of dialogical theology, and practically by offering tools for interfaith actors and educators to foster ethical, inclusive, and context-sensitive engagement. This approach affirms that theological plurality, when anchored in philosophical depth, can generate transformative interreligious understanding in plural societies.
Prophetic Ethics of Inclusion and Conflict Resolution: A Neo-Traditionalist Interpretation of the Sirah Nabi, Danish; Parray, Tauseef Ahmad
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.26623

Abstract

In an era marked by escalating religious intolerance and social fragmentation, the ethical legacy of the Prophet Muhammad (Sirah) offers a compelling yet underexplored framework for promoting peaceful coexistence. Despite its rich content, contemporary discourse often marginalises the inclusive and reconciliatory dimensions of the Prophet’s life. This study aims to examine how neo-traditionalist Muslim scholars—particularly from the West and the Indian subcontinent—interpret the Sirah to address issues of social inclusiveness and conflict resolution. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, this research integrates content analysis, thematic exploration, and comparative interpretation. It focuses on key historical events such as Hilf al-Fudul, the Constitution of Medina, the migration to Abyssinia, the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, and the Conquest of Makkah. The findings show that neo-traditionalist scholars present a contextual and ethical reading of the Sirah that aligns classical Islamic values with modern challenges. This study contributes to the growing field of peace studies in Islam by reviving the Prophet’s ethical model as a viable framework for interfaith harmony, minority rights, and conflict transformation in pluralistic societies.
Evaluating a Psychoanalytically-Informed Training Program for Personality Development among University Staff in Iraq: A Freudian Framework Naamat, Arian Tatar
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.27312

Abstract

In modern organizational settings, unresolved psychological conflicts and dysfunctional personality traits among employees often hinder productivity, workplace harmony, and overall institutional performance. This study addresses the critical need for deeper psychological interventions by exploring the effectiveness of a training program based on Freudian psychoanalysis in developing personality traits among university employees. The research aimed to design and evaluate a psychoanalytically-informed training intervention targeting core aspects of personality such as self-awareness, emotional regulation, defense mechanisms, and interpersonal functioning. Employing an experimental one-group pre-test/post-test design, the study involved 16 purposively selected employees from the University of Zakho. Participants underwent a four-week training program consisting of 12 intensive sessions. A validated Personality Traits Development Scale (PTDS) was used to assess personality changes before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis revealed significant improvements in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores, with a very large effect size (Cohen's d = 2.32), indicating the program's substantial impact. These findings highlight the power of psychoanalytic interventions in organizational development by fostering meaningful personality transformation rather than superficial behavioral adjustments. The study contributes novel empirical evidence to the field of workplace psychology, advocating for the integration of depth psychology into team member development initiatives across diverse cultural and institutional contexts
Religious Challenges and Guidance for Dayak Muslim Converts in the Indonesia–Malaysia Border Region Masri, Moch Riza Fahmi; Sri Hidayati; Prasojo, Zaenuddin Hudi; Abdillah, Zulkifli; Zarbaliyev, Habib
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.26839

Abstract

Religious conversion in border areas often triggers complex identity negotiations and social tension, particularly for indigenous communities like the Dayak people. In Jagoi Village, located at the Indonesia–Malaysia border, many Dayak individuals who convert to Islam face cultural, social, and spiritual challenges due to their minority status and the persistence of traditional customs. This study aims to identify the religious issues encountered by Dayak Muslim converts and evaluate the strategies of religious guidance based on religious moderation. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations involving religious counselors and local converts. The findings reveal four major problems: limited Islamic knowledge, minimal religious mentoring, poor access to digital Islamic resources, and a lack of understanding of religious moderation. This research contributes to the discourse on minority religious identity and offers policy recommendations for inclusive, culturally sensitive religious mentoring. It also supports the design of empowerment models for Muslim converts in border areas, which can serve as a reference for interreligious engagement and social integration efforts in Southeast Asia's plural societies.
Strategic Organisational Communication and Leadership in a Sufi Institution: A Case Study of the Naqshabandiyyah Centre in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia Abdul Hamid, Mohammad Fahmi; Sharipp, Muhammad Taufik Md; Ab Ahmid, Muhammad Iskandar Shah; Ichwan, Moh. Nor
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 36 No. 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2025.36.1.26852

Abstract

This study addresses the crucial issue of communication inefficiencies within religious organisations, which often lead to leadership fragmentation, operational confusion, and public misperception. Focusing on the Naqshabandiyyah Sufi Practice Centre (NSPC) in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, the research explores how strategic organisational communication enhances management decision-making in a spiritually structured institution. The objective is to analyse the roles of vertical and horizontal communication in ensuring administrative fluidity, leadership continuity, and public trust in the tarekat’s leadership. Employing a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory approach, the study utilizes document and content analysis to examine internal communications and management practices. The findings reveal that vertical communication supports the clear delegation of authority, vision alignment, and structured leadership formation, while horizontal communication facilitates collaboration, social outreach, and inter-agency coordination. The study also highlights how communication practices rooted in spiritual wisdom contribute to institutional legitimacy and organisational effectiveness. Ultimately, this article contributes to the field of Islamic management and communication by proposing a two-way, value-based communication model suited to the complexities of contemporary spiritual institutions operating within modern governance frameworks.
Islamic Radicalism: History and a Case Study in the Indonesia Context Putrawan, Bobby Kurnia; Eunike, Pratiwi
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 32 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.1.7906

Abstract

In the history of Islam, in the classical era, radicalism has existed, so it is not a new phenomenon in the modern age. Since the time of the Caliph Umar radicalism has emerged, but not yet organized, only in the time of the Caliph Ali bin Abu Talib this movement began to be systemized and organized through a Khawarij theological movement with its radical and uncompromising understanding of various acts of violence to oppose the tahkim or arbitration between the caliphs. Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muawiyah. Arbitration takes place in the context of the Shiffin war in which the khawarij group considers those who agreed to deviate from Islamic teachings. Later in Cairo an organization that had the same characteristics as the khawarij emerged, who wanted the authenticity of the teachings of Islam in the form of literal interpretation, without compromise, softening or reduction or reinterpretation. In filling out theological studies related to radicalism, this research was made to analyze "The relationship between radical genealogists in the classical period and the contemporary era in interpreting the Qur'an literally" At the end of the analysis will discuss the deconstruction of jihad as an effort to explain the meaning of jihad from various paradigms.
The Philosophical Problem of Evil in the Intellectual System of Suhrawardī and John Hick Zamzami, Mukhammad; Eskandian, Abdullah Hosseini; Muktafi, Muktafi; Mukaffa, Zumrotul
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 32 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.2.8569

Abstract

The debate over the term “evil” is one of the most contentious issues in philosophy, as this term is considered to be antithetical to existence. Suhrawardī al-Maqtūl, a prominent Islamic theosophist, believed that evil did not exist. That which is considered evil or not evil is a suggestion for achieving good, and as such, it is also good. As a result, the term “crime” does not exist. What Suhrawardī said contrasted with John Hick’s view in the article “Theodicy of Soul Cultivation.” Hick concludes that basically evil exists, but only insofar as it is required to develop and evolve the human psyche and spirituality. After comparing the thoughts of these two figures, this article concludes that their partisan defence of God’s existence and His attributes regarding evil is what leads us to their views on the term “evil” and solutions to solve the crime. Suhrawardi and Hick both believe that the existence of evil does not preclude the existence of God because God is absolute. God is not against good or evil. What has considered evil is the judgment of one’s misunderstanding or the requirements for obtaining charity.
Understanding Hadith: Exoteric and Esoteric Dimensions by al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmiżī, al-Ghazālī, and Ibn al-‘Arabī al-Mursī Akmaluddin, Muhammad
Jurnal Theologia Vol. 32 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : The Faculty of Ushuluddin and Humanities, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2021.32.2.8916

Abstract

The exoteric dimension is a systematic basis in looking for surface meaning of hadith. Whereas the esoteric dimension used to look for the unspeakable, the essential and the signal meaning. Understanding hadith meaning with both dimensions will explain the surface and deep meaning of hadith. By using qualitative approach, literary research and content analysis, this paper will discuss how the development of exoteric and esoteric dimensions in understanding hadith and both relationship. Each Islamic scholars has his own method when looking for the esoteric dimension in understanding hadith. Al-Ḥakīm al-Tirmiżī used proverbs (amṡāl), al-Ghazālī used consideration (i‘tibār), and Ibn al-'Arab Ibn al-‘Arabī used trainings (riyāḍāt) and struggles (mujāhadāt). Although using different terms, they agreed that the esoteric dimension must be based on the exoteric dimension. The detachment of the esoteric dimension from the exoteric dimension will cause the loss of the meaning foundation and will fall into bāṭiniyyah method.

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