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Dinia R Dwijayanti,
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Biotropika
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23027282     EISSN : 25498703     DOI : 10.21776/ub.biotropika.
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology invites research articles, short communication, and reviews describing new findings/phenomena of biological sciences in tropical regions, specifically in the following subjects, but not limited to biotechnology, biodiversity, microbiology, botany, zoology, biosystematics, ecology, and environmental sciences.
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Articles 544 Documents
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Pemecahan Dormansi Umbi Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L. var. granola) Menggunakan Larutan Giberelin (GA3) dan Benzil Amino Purin (BAP) Wirian Febry Arisda; Retno Mastuti
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.10

Abstract

Tahap dormansi umbi kentang berpeluang menghambat budidaya kentang karena umbi yang baru dipanen tidak bisa langsung ditanam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh perendaman umbi kentang pada larutan GA3 dan BAP terhadap periode pemecahan dormansi umbi maupun pertumbuhan tunas kentang (S. tuberosum L. var. granola). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 3 faktor, yaitu umbi (A: utuh dan irisan), giberelin GA3 (B: 0, 50, 100, dan 200 ppm), dan sitokinin BAP (C: 0, 50, 100, dan 200 ppm). Umbi kentang berukuran M yang telah dicuci bersih direndam dalam fungisida selama 3 detik kemudian ditiriskan. Sebagian umbi dibiarkan utuh dan sebagian lainnya diiris menjadi dua bagian. Umbi utuh dan irisan direndam ke dalam larutan GA3 dan BAP tunggal maupun kombinasi sesuai perlakuan selama 30 menit, selanjutnya umbi diletakkan di ruang gelap. Parameter yang diamati selama 59 hari yaitu waktu muncul tunas, akhir periode dormansi, jumlah tunas yang dihasilkan umbi, dan panjang tunas. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA, Uji T dan Uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa umbi irisan mampu memecahkan dormansi lebih cepat (10 HSP) dibanding umbi utuh (16 HSP). Umbi yang direndam pada larutan GA3 50 ppm dan GA3 100 ppm mampu bertunas lebih cepat yaitu 10 HSP. Jumlah tunas yang dihasilkan hingga 59 HSP pada umbi irisan lebih banyak (66,9%) dibanding umbi utuh (34,7%). Umbi irisan yang direndam dalam larutan GA3 maupun BAP mampu menumbuhkan tunas lebih panjang (19,4 mm) daripada umbi utuh yang direndam GA3 maupun BAP (3,6 mm). Rata-rata tunas terpanjang (19,4 mm) dihasilkan pada umbi irisan yang direndam dalam larutan GA3 tunggal 100 ppm
Plants Potential of Green and Open Space Planning (RTH) to Mitigate CO2 Gas Emission in Ambon Frenly Marvi Selano; Ris Hadi Purwanto; Probo Santoso
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.01

Abstract

The urbanization rate may give an adverse effect on a city. For example, it accrues the number of urban dwellers and induces the exploitation of land resources with a quick conversion rate, which leads to the degradation of the quality of the environment. This condition is exacerbated by deescalated green and open spaces (RTH) as a CO2 absorber. CO2 emissions in urban regions can be mitigated by exerting trees, which have a pivotal role in carbon uptake. This research imparts an analysis of plant species that are potential for absorbing carbon and storing biomass in green and open spaces in Ambon. The research method is quantitative by estimating biomass and carbon uptake of trees. Results indicate that trembesi (Samanea saman), linggua (Pterocarpus indicus), mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla), bintanggur (Calophyllum inophyllum), and kerai payung (Filicium decipiens) are typical trees planted in Ambon. The highest CO2 uptake capacity (B = 110.95 tons/ha, CO2 = 191.38 tons/ha) is identified in Trembesi (Samanea Saman), linggua (Pterocarpus indicus), the second-highest with a B = 61.66 tons/ha and CO2 = 106.36 tons/ha, and Akasia (Acacia mangium), the third-highest with a B = 25.24 tons/ha and CO2 = 41.69 tons/ha
Assessment of The Various Type of Mangrove Areas by Avifaunal Diversity and Community in Tamban Beach, Sumbermanjing Wetan, East Java Agus Nurrofik; Achmad Dadang Burhanuddin; Lutfita Fitriana; Luchman Hakim; Nia Kurniawan
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2021.009.03.06

Abstract

The restoration effort in Tamban Beach may reflect the role services of mangroves as suitable habitats for those surrounding diversity, especially on avifauna. Here we assess the diversity and community of avifaunal throughout types of mangrove ecosystems. We surveyed the avifaunal within four stations (i.e., natural mangrove area, restored mangrove area since 2009 and 2014, and degraded mangrove area) in Tamban Beach, Sumbermanjing Wetan, East Java during March 2021 using Audiovisual Encounter Survey (AES) methods. We present the statistic descriptive analysis of α-diversity index (taxa diversity, dominance index, Simpson’s index, Evenness, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Brillouin index, and Margalef species richness) as diversity assessment also conservation status of each species. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to investigate the community variation within each site. We found 38 species from 22 families and 11 orders of avifaunal across the sites. The diversity of avifauna was high in a degraded area due to the mixture of habitats, although the natural and restored area yields some specialists. The type of mangroves might not be the sole factor affecting the avifauna diversity correlation, highlighting the importance of conservation strategies in the area.
Genetic diversity of Springtails (Collembola Subclass) Based on Cytochrome oxidase Subunit I (COI) Genes in Malang Hermawan, Idris; Amin, Mohamad; Suhadi, Suhadi
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.01.09

Abstract

The springtails belongs to the Collembola subclass of the insect class. Springtails is a mesofauna insect that acts as a detritivore and bio-indicator in ecosystem. Genetic diversity is influenced by the total amount of genetic variation present in the genes coding for a species or organism. COI gene is a gene that is useful as a genetic marker for mitochondrial DNA. The genetic diversity of springtails based on mtDNA COI gene sequences is not widely known in Indonesia. Based on this, this study aims to reveal the genetic diversity of springtails in Malang. This research was conducted by 3 locations in Malang (Cangar, Bedengan and Tambakasri). Measurements of the microclimate (humidity and air temperature) and altitude measurements were carried out at springtails sampling site, then carried out the DNA isolation process from the springtails samples obtained, the COI amplification process and sequencing were carried out. After obtaining the sequence data, genetic diversity analysis and polymorphism analysis were carried out. The results of this study were the target genes amplified from all samples of spring tails with DNA fragments along 677-683 bp. The sample of springtails had a genetic identity match with Homidia socia Denis and Homidia cingula Börner based on the BLAST analysis, results of genetic diversity analysis showed that the samples tested had high genetic diversity, composition of nucleotide bases A/T was 60,8%, genetic variation in the form of transition substitution (87 sites) and transversion (55 sites), and the results of polymorphism analysis showed the value of 0,18201 nucleotide diversity, number of segregation was 162 sites and sequences conservation was 0,744.
Growth Response of Purple Corn (Zea mays var. Ceratina kulesh) to Endophytic Bacterial Biofertilizer Treatment Novelia, Kiki Riska; Mastuti, Retno; Rahajeng, Saptini Mukti
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.02

Abstract

Jagung ungu merupakan salah satu komoditas jagung di Indonesia dengan kandungan antosianin yang tinggi sehingga baik bagi kesehatan. Upaya peningkatan hasil komoditas ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pupuk hayati bakteri endofit yang banyak berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan serta kandungan metabolit sekunder pada tanaman. Penggunaan pupuk endofit terbukti mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil panen jagung kuning. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan tanaman jagung ungu terhadap pupuk hayati bakteri endofit. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua faktor perlakuan yaitu pupuk hayati bakteri endofit dengan dosis 0 ml/l (kontrol, P0), 80 ml/l (P1), dan 90 ml/l (P2) dan umur tanaman yaitu 21, 35, 49, dan 63 HST. Pengaruh kedua faktor diamati pada pertumbuhan vegetatif sedangkan pada pertumbuhan generatif dan pasca panenhanya diamati pengaruh dosis pupuk. Parameter pertumbuhan vegetatif yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang dan lebar daun. Parameter pertumbuhan generatif dan pasca panen yang diamati adalah umur berbunga, jumlah tongkol per tanaman, pajang tongkol, bobot basah dan kering tongkol serta bobot 100 biji jagung ungu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis pemupukan dan umur tanaman berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, serta jumlah, panjang dan lebar daun. Dosis pemupukan berpengaruh yang nyata terhadap waktu berbunga, panjang tongkol, bobot basah dan bobot kering tongkol jagung ungu, namun belum memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap bobot 100 biji jagung.
Anuran diversity and community structure in Lesti upriver across buffer zone habitat in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park Fathoni, Muhammad; Hakim, Luchman; Kurniawan, Nia
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.01.10

Abstract

In Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park (BTSNP), buffer zone areas, one of which is the Lesti upstream rivers, play a critical role in sustaining biodiversity and community life. Frogs serve as a bioindicator of environmental change, particularly in the upstream rivers of the Lesti. The present study examines the diversity and community structure of Anura in the upstream rivers of Lesti, which are included in the BTSNP buffer zones. Throughout the surveys, up to 14 anuran species were encountered in four sites adjacent to the BTSNP border and crossed by the Lesti rivers. This study suggests that buffer zones may support herpetofaunal diversity by allowing humans to interact with them and sustainably utilize the resources in the areas. Urban development and conservation in these areas must be kept current in order to minimize environmental disruption caused by humans.
Compatibility of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Beauveria bassiana for Control of Spodoptera exigua and the Theoretical Impact to the Agroecosystem Kurnianto, Agung Sih; Prastiwi, Santi; Dewi, Nilasari; Tanzil, Ahmad Ilham; Muhlison, Wildan; Wagiyana, Wagiyana
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.01

Abstract

Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the biggest threat to onion farming, especially in the vegetative phase. In severe attacks, this pest can cause yield losses of up to 100%. Compatibility is one way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of pest control by using plant-based pesticides or biological agents. Neem Leaf Extract (Azadirachta indica, acronym=NLE) has an azadirachtin compound that can inhibit insect growth, reduce appetite, reproduction, and hatch eggs. The fungus Beauveria bassiana (acronym=Bb) can secrete chitinase, lipase, proteinase enzymes that are able to decompose insect cuticles. NLE was obtained through the extraction method of plant-based pesticides and stored at 4oC until the experiment time. The Bb used was a commercial B. bassiana inoculum in the flour form with a density of 4.5 x 1010 spores/gram (trade name = Natural BVR). To determine the advantages of compatibility, this study is held by a single toxicity test of Bb and NLE, and the combined toxicity test of both. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments with 4 replications, each replication used 12 larvae (a total of 48 larvae). Combination toxicity has a higher toxicity than the single use of NLE and Bb. At the LC 95 level, the combination treatment of Bb and NLE was 1.06-1.15 times more toxic than the single treatment of Bb, and 6.87-7.79 times more toxic than the single treatment of NLE. NLE and Bb are considered to have high compatibility (strong synergistic with GI value <0.5). Theoretically, the compatibility of NLE plant-based pesticides and Bb is very promising to replace chemical pesticides that have long-term adverse effects on agroecosystems.
Potential Use of Insulin Patch Technology as Transdermal Drug Delivery in Efforts to Treat Diabetes Mellitus PutrI, Nadya Aurelia Ratna; Harefa, Dellania Yvonne; Sianturi, Golda Santiur; Irawati, Wahyu
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.02

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Indonesia continues to increase from 2013 to 2018. Diabetes Mellitus is associated with the production of the hormone insulin in the cells of the pancreas. An increase in blood sugar levels can stimulate insulin secretion. There are several ways to treat Diabetes Mellitus, namely by using drugs, herbal methods, and insulin injections. In addition, one of the DM treatments that can reduce pain is using insulin patch technology as a transdermal treatment. The manuscript for this publication was made to find out the potential of using insulin patch technology as transdermal drug delivery to treat DM. Using a literature review research method that discusses four focus studies, including 1) the structure of the pancreas gland, 2) the mechanism of insulin hormone production by the pancreas gland, 3) the causes, symptoms, and conditions of patients with DM, and 4) insulin patch technology as a transdermal drug in the treatment of diabetes. DM treatment efforts. In the Langerhans section of the pancreas, some cells function to produce the hormone insulin. The amino acids that make up insulin are encoded by exons formed in insulin cells. Some causes of DM namely genetics, age, the influence of food, lack of physical activity, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Some of the symptoms, namely polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, etc. Patients with DM need insulin intake to help balance blood sugar levels, one of which is by using an insulin patch in which there is a microneedle containing insulin n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and the enzyme glucose oxidase. After a literature review, it can be concluded that the insulin patch has excellent potential and promise because during the study tested on rats and pigs obtained good results and was able to lower blood sugar levels, although development is still needed. The manuscript of this publication still has shortcomings, so the author suggested to the next author to be able to multiply the latest sources related to insulin patch. Through the creation of the publication, the manuscript realized that diabetes mellitus is a form of human negligence in maintaining the body that God has designed carefully and regularly.
Expression of IL-6 on Breast Cancer Mice Treated by Combination of Phyllanthus Urinaria and Catharanthus roseus Extract Shofiyah, aya; Djati, Mohammad Sasmito; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.02.03

Abstract

Breast cancer is one kind of cancer that can cause the death in women. Although, many kind of treatment have done to suppress the growth of breast cancer case, but the number of case still increased. Chemotherphy is one kind of treatment used to suppress breast cancer case. But it is known that can give many poor effect. So it need to get an alternative treatment such as using a herbal plant as medicine as Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus. This research aimed to study the effect of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus on IL-6 expressed by CD11bin breast cancer model.this research using RAL divided into 6 group as Normal group (N), cancer group (K), Cisplatin treatment (C), Dose 1 (D1) (Phyllanthus urinaria 500 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 15 mg/kg weight), dose 2 (D2) (Phyllanthus urinaria 1000 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 75 mg/kg weight) and dose 3 (D3) (Phyllanthus urinaria 2000 mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 375 mg/kg weight).  the mice had inject by DMBA in 0,015 mg/kg weight in six week. The combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus were administrated orally in two weeks. The expression of IL-6 expressed by CD11b ws analysed by flow cytometry. Data analysed by SPPSS in one way ANOVA and tukey test. Based on result, it showed that dose 3 is the optimal dose to suppress the growth of cancer cells based on IL-6 expression. All of the dose used can suppress the growth of IL-6.   Keywords: Breast cancer, Catharanthus roseus, IL-6, machrophage, Phyllanthus urinaria
Hematological Profile and Spleen Histology Improvement in Diabetic Rats Treated with PLGA Nanoparticles-Ethanol Extract of Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) Fruit Peel Malini, Desak Made
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 10 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2022.010.03.01

Abstract

Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum) fruit peel-ethanol extract (JFP) contains several chemical compounds that act as antioxidant agents and are considered to have the potential to treat chronic disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Plant extract is generally applied in polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles due to its efficiency in entering the target organs. This study aims to investigate the effect of PLGA nanoparticles-ethanol extract of jengkol fruit peel (PLGA nanoparticle-JFP) on improving the hematological profile and the spleen histology of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The treatment group was divided into six groups: (1) control group, (2) streptozotocin control (STZ); (3) 10 mg/kg BW of glibenclamide (GLB); (4) 770 mg/kg BW of jengkol fruit peel-ethanol extract (JFP1); (5) 110 mg/kg BW of JFP (JFP2); and (6) 770 mg/kg BW PLGA nanoparticle-JFP (PLGA-JFP). PLGA-JFP group showed a significant increase in erythrocytes and leukocytes counts (7.73x106 ± 0.02 cell/mm3 and 9.68x103 ± 3.0 cell/mm3 respectively), a decrease in lymphocytes and neutrophils percentage (66.5%±0.5% and 28±1.4% respectively) compared to the STZ group, and no significant difference in monocyte, eosinophils, and basophils percentage within groups. On the spleen histology, the white pulp diameter and the red pulp area showed significantly smaller (168.31±10.69μm and 8,01.28± 480.33 μm2 respectively) compared to the STZ group. Almost all parameters showed no significant difference compared to the GLB group but are significantly different from the control group. The administration of PLGA nanoparticle-JFP was proven to reverse hematological parameters and improve the spleen histology but has not yet reversed the diabetic rats’ condition back to normal.

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