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INDONESIA
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 24600164     EISSN : 24422576     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.36959
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 575 Documents
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Antibiofilm activity of Cyanobacteria spirulina as an irrigation solution against Enterococcus faecalis Soesilo, Diana; Pangabdian, Fani; Juniar, Eriza
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.78246

Abstract

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is currently the golden standard for root canal irrigation. NaOCl at a concentration of 5.25% to 6% can eliminate E. faecalis, but this concentration can increase the risk of toxic effects. Cyanobacteria spirulina is known to produce several secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiofilm power of Cyanobacteria spirulina against the biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis at concentrations of 60 mg/ml, 70 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, and 90 mg/ml. This research was a true experiment with a post-test only group design. The object of the research was divided into 6 groups. Group 1 was a negative control group, group 2 was a positive control group with 5% NaOCl, group 3, 4, 5, 6 were treatment groups given Cyanobacteria spirulina solution at a concentration of 60 mg/ml, 70 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, and 90 mg/ml, respectively. Optical density (OD) of bacteria was bound by staining and analyzed by ELISA auto reader with a wave length of 595 nm (OD 595 nm). The results of the LSD test showed that the significance between K+ and P1, P2, P3 (p< 0.005), K+ and P4 (p= 0.129), P1 and P2 (p=0.449), P3 and P4 (p=0.178). Significance of p<0.0005 showed a significant difference between the groups. The data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test followed by a double comparison test with the Least Significance Different (LSD) Post Hoc test method. Cyanobacteria spirulina solution at a concentration of 90 mg/ml had the greatest inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of Enterococcus faecalis.
Impregnation of various fiber tapes toward mechanical properties of dental fiber-reinforced composites Sunarintyas, Siti; Irnawati, Dyah; Harsini, Harsini; Rinastiti, Margareta; Nuryono, Nuryono
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.80060

Abstract

Synthetic dental fiber tape for fiber reinforcement (FRC) restoration is relatively costly and its availability is still limited in Indonesia, so natural dental fibers have been used as an alternative material. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of impregnation of various fiber tape toward the flexural strength and hardness of FRC. The materials used were natural Bombyx mori silk fibers (Indonesia), dental polyethylene tape (Construct Kerr, USA), dental Quartz tape (Quartz Splint UD, France), dental E-glass tape (Everstick TM, GC, Japan), silane coupling agent (Ultradent, Jordan), and composite resin (Denfil-Flow, USA). Five groups of samples consisted of FRC with various fiber tapes were prepared: unidirectional-silk, braided-silk, quartz, polyethylene, and E-glass. The five groups of FRC were tested to determine the flexural strength and hardness. The results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by LSD test. The results showed that the highest flexural strength was in the quartz group (496.84 ± 109.14 MPa), while the lowest was in the braided-silk group (139.39 ± 4.30 MPa). The highest hardness property was in the unidirectional-silk group (141.29 ± 25.17 VHN), while the lowest was in the braided-silk group (139.39 ± 4.30 VHN). The ANOVA showed that various fiber tapes significantly influenced the flexural strength and hardness of FRC (p < 0.05). The LSD showed that the unidirectional-silk, braided-silk, and polyethylene groups demonstrated no significant difference. The LSD for hardness showed that the unidirectional-silk group had a significant difference with the other groups (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that various fiber tapes influenced the flexural strength and hardness of FRC. Natural silk fibers showed comparable flexural strength and hardness with the other fiber tapes.
In vitro evaluation of coenzyme Q10 on primary fibroblast culture Herawati, Dahlia
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.80158

Abstract

Chronic inflammation in periodontitis results in continuous production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), so the levels are excessive, causing destruction of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone through a variety of mechanisms including DNA damage and the formation of proinflammatory cytokine. One way to prevent periodontal tissue damage caused by excessive ROS formation is by administering antioxidants. Coenzyme Q10 is a powerful antioxidant that is beneficial for inhibiting free radicals to prevent the progression of periodontal tissue destruction and accelerate healing processes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fibroblast proliferation of the combination of Coenzyme Q10 and vegetable glycerin compared to PerioQ. Materials used were made of original Coenzyme Q10 dissolved in glycerin that was prepared in a ratio of 2:8 and 1:9, and Perio Q as the control. Each group consisted of six samples (n = 6). Primary fibroblasts were derived from healthy gingival tissue. Observations on day-1, -3, and -5 using MTT assay at a wavelength of 550nm. Statistical analysis used a Two-Way ANOVA test followed by a Post Hoc test.  The experiment showed the absorbance values were high in all the groups, the highest value was on day 3, namely Coenzyme Q10 at a concentration of 2:8, followed by Coenzyme Q10 at a concentration of 1:9, and PerioQ. The statistical tests showed significant differences in the 3 groups (p < 0.05). It is concluded that Coenzyme Q10 in 1:9 and 2:8 concentrations were both as viable as Perio Q towards primary gingival fibroblast culture. 
Complex aestheticss treatment of six maxillary anterior teeth with smile design and deep bite correction Nugraheni, Tunjung; Yulianasari, Yulianasari; Octarina, Lia Desire
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.80913

Abstract

Dental trauma mostly damages the maxillary anterior teeth, affecting the individual’s esthetics, functionality, and psychological well-being. Restorative dentistry treatment is required to obtain a natural appearance based on the smile design approach. The aim of this report is to characterize the procedure of complicated cosmetic restoration of the six maxillary anterior teeth, which results in straighter and more beautiful natural-looking smiles. A 32-year-old male patient presented with multiple crown fractures in the anterior maxillary teeth, resulting in an unaesthetics smile. The patient also had a deep bite. A comprehensive aesthetics dental treatment was carried out. The dental treatment plan had to be carefully executed by considering several factors such as dental convexities and contours, re‑establishment of function, and esthetics. Smile design should always be approached as a multi-factor decision-making, which enables the doctor to treat patients using a personalized and interdisciplinary approach.
Differences in injectable platelet-rich fibrin fraction of peripheral blood on the release of TGF-β1 and PDGF-AB Suryono, Suryono; Danastri, Arifia Anindita
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.81482

Abstract

Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) refers to second-generation platelet concentrate. In this study, the results of i-PRF centrifugation were fractionated into three layers: yellow i-PRF, buffy coat, and red i-PRF. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin fractions used in this study were yellow i-PRF, red i-PRF, and a mix of both. This study aimed to examine the level of growth factor release of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in yellow i-PRF, red i-PRF, and a mix of yellow i-PRF and red i-PRF with the ratio of 1:1. A total of 10 ml of peripheral blood from healthy female donors was centrifuged (at 700 rpm in 3 minutes) to obtain i-PRF and fractionated into three layers. The upper yellow layer was taken as yellow i-PRF, while the bottom red layer was taken as red i-PRF and was taken together with the middle layer (buffy coat). The release of TGF-β1 and PDGF in each of i-PRF fractionation method, i.e. yellow i-PRF, red i-PRF, and a mix of yellow i-PRF and red i-PRF with a ratio of 1:1 was measured with ELISA. The measurement was observed for 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 10 days, and 14 days. Data analysis used the two-way ANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05 and a post hoc LSD analysis to establish group significance. The group of yellow + red i-PRF significantly released PDGF-AB (p < 0.05). TGF-β1 was the highest of all groups on day 14. All groups showed an increase in growth factor release from time to time. The fractionation method of injectable platelet-rich fibrin affected the release of growth factor of PDGF-AB and TGF-β1. The highest release of PDGF-AB and TGF-β1 was found in the yellow + red i-PRF group with a ratio of 1:1 in the 14-day group, which was significant with the other two groups (p < 0.05).
Comparison of fracture resistance of teeth with prepared protaper next, protaper gold, and hyflex CM rotary files Rinastiti, Margareta; Widyastuti, Andina; Hadriyanto, Wignyo
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.82711

Abstract

Preparation of the root canal system is a crucial step in root canal treatment. Endodontically treated teeth differ structurally from healthy, untreated teeth. This can lead to root cracking by creating pressure on the canal wall, reducing the fracture resistance of the tooth. Different designs, including cross-sectional shape, tip, taper, flute, radial land, helix angle, rake angle, and pitch, can influence the outcome of the root canal preparation and the risk of root fracture. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of teeth after root canal preparation using three different NiTi rotary files: ProTaper Next (PN), ProTaper Gold (PG), and HyFlex CM (HC). Thirty premolars with a single and straight root canal were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction, leaving 14 mm of the root. The subjects were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 10) was prepared using PN, group 2 (n = 10) was prepared using PG, and group 3 (n = 10) was prepared using HC. After instrumentation and irrigation, the specimens were subjected to a continuous vertical compressive force (crosshead-speed of 2.28 mm/sec) in order to record the force (in newtons) until root fracture. To describe the surface characteristic of the dentinal root after the preparation, a section fragment from the apical third of the specimens was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 2500x magnification. The micrographs were analyzed according to the Hulsman’s method. The results demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in root fracture resistance among the three groups. (p = 0.043). The LSD post hoc test indicated that HC showed a higher root fracture resistance (p < 0.05) compared to both PN and PG. In conclusion, the different file systems of PN, PG, and HC instruments generate different root fracture resistance of teeth. In comparison to PN and PG, HC instruments tend to result in increased fracture resistance.
Comparison Effect of Leaves and Bark Extract of Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra), Sappan (Caesalpinia sappan), and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) to Reduce Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation Utami, Trianna Wahyu; Ekananda, Bernadetha Nathania; Anjani, Yasmin Regita; Listyarifah, Dyah; Nur, Asikin; Syahbudin, Atus
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.83283

Abstract

To evaluate the effect of eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaf and bark extract on the percentage of S. mutans biofilm formation. The test group was divided into a negative control (1% Dimethyl sulfoxide), a treatment group (eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaves and bark at concentrations of 50%, 25%, and 12.5%, respectively), and a positive control (0.2% chlorhexidine). Each concentration of eucalyptus, sappan, and cinnamon leaves and barks extract, Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI-B), bacteria according to the McFarland 0.5 standard, a positive control, and a negative control were added to a 96-well microplate. They were incubated at 37 °C for twenty-four hours before being rinsed with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and stained with 0.1% crystal violet. The optical density was then measured using a microplate reader with a 540 nm wavelength. The absorbance value is then factored into the percentage of bacterial adhesion inhibition formula. A statistical test revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the percentage of inhibition between the three extracts of leaves and bark and the negative control group (1% DMSO). There is a significant difference between all leaves and barks concentration and the positive control group except the 50% concentration of sappan leaf group and 50% concentration of cinnamon leaf group. The sappan leaf and cinnamon leaf at 50% concentration exhibit no significant difference (p > 0.05) with the positive control. Eucalyptus, sappan, cinnamon leaves and barks at a concentration of 50% demonstrated effectiveness of the extractant in inhibiting the formation of biofilm masses by S. mutans in comparison with the other group.
Effectiveness of Aspergillus sp. extract in denture adhesive on surface roughness of acrylic resin on Candida albicans biofilm formation Fadriyanti, Okmes; Nasution, Ismet Danial; Siswomihardjo, Widowati; Handayani, Dian
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.64485

Abstract

The denture adhesive increases retention on the denture base and affects oral microorganisms. Adding antifungals to denture adhesives can inhibit the Candida albicans biofilms formation and prevent denture stomatitis. The combination of denture adhesives and herbal medicines is an alternative to antifungals, which have few side effects because it is a plant. Moreover, one of them is the endophytic Aspergillus sp. extract containing chemical compounds that can inhibit the Candida albicans biofilms formation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the endophytic Aspergillus sp. extract in denture adhesive materials for Candida albicans biofilm formation on acrylic resin surfaces. The research method is to extract the Aspergillus sp. extract antibiofilm test. Denture adhesive formulation was adjusted to the standard, and added Aspergillus sp. with concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12%, and 25%. The research sample used hot polymerized acrylic resin. The control group used X denture adhesive and added nystatin, each group suspended by Candida albicans for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Examination of biofilm formation activity on the surface of acrylic resin used SEM. The analysis used Two Way Anova. Aspergillus sp. extract in denture adhesive effectively prevents Candida albicans biofilm formation within 24 hour incubation time. In conclusion, extract of the endophytic Aspergillus sp. in denture adhesive can inhibit the formation of Candida albicans biofilm on the surface roughness of acrylic resin.
Candida albicans adherence on soft denture liner coated with silica and titanium nanoparticles Aditama, Pramudya; Maharani, Adella Syvia
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.82785

Abstract

The soft liner of acrylic resin dentures, used to coat removable partial dentures, still has drawbacks in the easy attachment of Candida albicans fungus. A treatment on the surface of the acrylic resin denture soft liner is needed to reduce the attachment of Candida albicans. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have antimicrobial properties because they can induce photocatalytic production. This study aims to determine the effect of silica and titanium coating concentration on the attachment of Candida albicans to the soft liner of an acrylic resin denture. This study used 48 samples for 2 types of research. Each research consisted of 4 groups with 6 samples each. The samples were disc-shaped, with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. Silica and titanium coating materials of 0.5%, 1%, and 2% were obtained by mixing each nanoparticles of 0.5 g, 1 g, and 2 g in 100 ml of ethanol. After the application of the coating, the attachment test of Candida albicans was carried out. Candida albicans in SDA media were counted using a colony counter. The analysis was carried out using a one-way ANOVA test for each experiment. The ANOVA results showed an effect of silica and titanium coating concentrations on the attachment of Candida albicans to the soft liner of an acrylic resin denture (F = 10.929; p < 0.05 for silica, and F = 9.830; p < 0.05 for titanium). The group with a 2% silica coating concentration had the least amount of Candida albicans among all groups (0.48 ± 0.98 x 107 CFU/ml), as well as the group with a 2% titanium coating concentration (0.30 ± 0.83 x 107 CFU/ml). In conclusion, this study shows that the concentration of silica and the 2% titanium coating is the most effective in preventing the attachment of Candida albicans to the soft liner of acrylic resin dentures.
Effect of force direction and masticatory force towards orthodontic tooth movement in rats Farmasyanti, Cendrawasih Andusyana; Maulani, Adibah
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2023): August
Publisher : Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.84085

Abstract

The aim of the research is to investigate the influence of coil spring directions and masticatory force on the amount of OTM. Materials and Methods. Thirty-six male Wistar rats (n = 36) were divided proportionally into two groups with (M) or without masticatory force (NM), treated with palatal coil type (PD) or labial coil (LD) using a costumed stainless steel coil spring to deliver 35 cN force for separating the two incisors in 10 days. The examination dates were day 0, day 5, and day 10. The tooth distance values were calculated by subtracting the distance measured at day 0 from examination days and presented in 8 groups: PD5NM, PD10NM, PD5M, PD10M, LD5NM, LD10NM, LD5M, and LD10M. The study’s results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by post hoc analyses. Result: All spring designs induced OTM. The OTM amounts from the lowest to the highest are PD5M, PD10NM, PD10M, LD5M, LD10M, LD5NM, PD5NM, and LD10NM, respectively: 0.26 mm; 0.06 mm; 0.25 mm; 0.44 mm; 0.58 mm; 0.9 mm; 0.97 mm; 1.03 mm, and 1.06 mm. The OTM distance was higher in the labial coil than in the palatal coil groups (p = 0.002). The amount of OTM in the masticatory group was lower than in the group without-masticatory force (p = 0.012), except in the day 10 palatal coil group. Conclusions: Masticatory force and force direction affected the amount of OTM. The labial coil induces more OTM than the palatal coil. Masticatory force decreased the OTM distance.

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