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Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
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Articles 37 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 13, No 1 (2024)" : 37 Documents clear
Phytochemical Profile and Antibacterial Activity of Nigella Sativa against Biofilm-producing Bacteria Uropathogens Abaka, AbdulAzeez Mumsiri; Dahiru, Mubarak Muhammad; Abubakar, Keta Biman; Luka, Jordana; Abubakar, Aisha; Abdullahi, Tukur Baba; Barau, Saminu Hamman
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.141-146

Abstract

This study explores the antibacterial effects of Nigella sativa seeds on bacteria obtained from clinical samples. The aim was to assess the antibacterial properties of both aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa seeds against E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. The three samples were collected from the Microbiology Laboratory of Modibbo Adamawa Medical Centre and were reconfirmed using culture, microscopy, and some biochemical tests. The seed samples of N. sativa were procured from herbal point Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. The phytochemical assay of the extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins, and terpenoids in both extracts. The highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa was demonstrated by the aqueous extract of N. sativa seeds, with inhibition zone diameters of 19.30 ±0.61 mm, 8.10 ±2.17 mm, and 12.00 ±0.29 mm, respectively. However, the methanol extract exhibited slightly greater activity against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, with inhibition zone diameters of 12.10 ±0.38 mm and 13.80 ±0.40 mm, respectively. Both methanol and aqueous extracts showed minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 25 mg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli. Similarly, for P. aeruginosa, the MIC was 25 mg/mL for methanol extract and 50 mg/mL for aqueous extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for both extracts against S. aureus and E. coli was determined to be 25 mg/mL. However, for P. aeruginosa, the MBC was 25 mg/mL for the aqueous extract and 50 mg/mL for the methanol extract. The study indicates that N. sativa seed extract possesses antibacterial properties against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, underscoring its potential as an effective medicinal antibacterial agent.
Potential of Soursop Leaf Extract as an Antioxidant in MCF-7 Cells Mustofa, Muhammad Samsul; Hadi, Restu Syamsul; Rahmah, Nunung Ainur; Pendrianto, Pendrianto
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.265-269

Abstract

The frequency of breast cancer tends to increase. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a marker of oxidative stress as an end product from the chain reaction of lipid peroxidation. The use of traditional medicine soursopleaf (Annona muricata L.) has been reported for a long time because of its bioactivity as an antioxidant. This study analyzes the relationship between MDA levels and glutathione enzymes in MCF-7 cells given the methanol extract of soursop leaves. The methanol extract of soursop leaves was carried out by infusion method. The methanol extract of soursop leaves was given to cancer cells at several doses with an incubation of 24 hours. The cytotoxic test was carried out using the MTT method. Measurement of MDA levels was carried out using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS/TBA) reactivity test method. GSH measurements used the colorimetric method. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of soursop leaves have cytotoxic activity in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line with IC50 values of 23.96 ppm. Ethanol extract of soursop leaves increased levels of MDA inhibition and GSH level. Soursop leaf extract could increase MDA inhibition GSH level in human breast cancer cells MCF-7.
Physicochemical, Antimicrobial, Lethality and In Vitro Antioxidant Profiles of Johnu Tisane: A Coffee (Coffea Arabica) Leaf Decoction Formula Egbuonu, Anthony Cemaluk Chinedum; Alaebo, Prince Ogochukwu; Onuoha, Udumma Nsofor; Njoku, Chinomso Juliet; Obike, Chiemeziem Adanma; Nlemadim, Susan Ogechi; Chukwu, Blessing Ifeoma; Iwejuo, Sopuruchi Mary-Augusta; Amaechi, Onyedikachi Glory; Obiefuna, Victor Ifechukwu; Onuoha, Bessing Nmesomachi; Okoli, DivineTreasure Nzubechukwu; Nwokeoma, Precious Chinonso; Eze, Chukwubuikem
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.99-107

Abstract

Coffee leaves-based tea has relevance in ethno-medications due to its rich phyto-constituents-related diverse pharmacologic activities. Jonhu tisane, a typical Coffea arabica leaf decoction has no supporting scientific basis amidst reported location, processing and specie-related variations. This investigated physicochemical, antimicrobial, lethality and in-vitro antioxidant profiles of Johnu tisane by acceptable methods. Results recorded moisture (92.26 %), ash (0.65 %), unsaponified matter (1.46 mg/100 g), free fatty acid (0.56 mgKOH/g), acid value (1.12 mgKOH/g), potential hydrogen (6.85), lethal concentration (1000 ppm) and concentration-dependent antimicrobial activity. Anti-oxidation results revealed total antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and 2, 2-diphynyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activities increased concentration-dependently compared to standard. Thus, Johnu tisane demonstrated low minerals and keeping quality; requisite physicochemical mix for consumption and bioactivity; high safety margin; antimicrobial potency; and requisite anti-oxidation capacity for in-vivo antioxidant role. These provided scientific support for its ethno-medicinal uses. They underscored the need to elucidate its pharmacologically active compounds; mechanistic roles in animal models; and the impact of ash to moisture mix variation on potential hydrogen, microbial and antimicrobial activities in relation to shelf life, bioactivity and in vivo anti-oxidative roles for novel insights on preserving sample quality, safety, bioactivity and in-vivo anti-oxidative outcomes.
The Protective Effect of Kentut Leaf Extract (Paederia foetida L.) on Gastric Histopathology in Escherichia coli-Infected Sepsis Mice Model Savitri, Lisa; Kasimo, Elfred Rinaldo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.227-233

Abstract

Sepsis, a severe medical condition, signifies the systemic immune response to infection, often leading to organ dysfunction and mortality. Escherichia coli is a significant contributor to sepsis cases, particularly in gastrointestinal disorders. This study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes in the gastric tissue of mice induced by Escherichia coli infection and evaluate the protective effects of kentut leaf extract (Paederia foetida L.). Histopathological analysis revealed distinct alterations in the gastric tissue among different treatment groups. While normal mouse treatment showed no significant changes, negative control (K-) and positive control (K+) groups exhibited inflammation and hyperemia of the gastric mucosa, characterized by necrosis, degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Treatment with kentut leaf extract (P1, P2, and P3) resulted in milder inflammation compared to controls, indicating a protective effect against gastric mucosal damage induced by Escherichia coli infection. This protective mechanism is attributed to the anti-inflammatory properties of saponins, flavonoids, and essential oils present in kentut leaf extract. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic benefits of kentut leaf extract in mitigating gastric mucosal injury associated with bacterial infection.
Effectiveness Analysis of Antidiabetic Property from Dragon Fruit Peel Methanol Extract in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Sumartin, Sonia Apriani; Lister, I Nyoman Ehrich; Fachrial, Edy
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.57-62

Abstract

Diabetes is a health burden in various countries, one of these countries, is also Indonesia. Dragon fruit peel is an alternative diabetes therapy that has been widely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate an antidiabetic effect of dragon fruit peel methanol extract on alloxan-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. This experimental study used twenty-five male Wistar rats induced by alloxan injection. After 48 hours, all rats were grouped into five different groups, including control (0.5% SCMC), standard (Metformin), Dragon Fruit Peel Methanol Extract-1 (500 mg/kg BW), 2 (750 mg/kg BW), and 3 (1,000 mg/kg BW). These treatments were given for two weeks. After that, all rats were dissected to obtain the pancreas. The results showed that dragon fruit peel methanol extract significantly decreased blood glucose levels after the 7th and 14th days (P value <0.05). In addition, pancreatic histology showed a decrease in the extract dose followed by a smaller size of the pancreatic Langerhans islet. The lowest dose of the extract showed a similar size of pancreatic Langerhans islet to the control group with an atrophic pancreatic Langerhans islet. Therefore, it can be concluded that dragon fruit peel extract can significantly decrease blood glucose levels and improve the structure of pancreatic Langerhans islet at higher doses.
Isolation of b-Cyclodextrin Gycosyl Transferase (b-CGTase) Producing Bacteria from Potato Plantation Soil Kurniadi, Helman; Sagita, Desi; Hartesi, Barmi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.193-197

Abstract

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is an extracellular enzyme produced by several microorganisms, particularly bacteria, that converts starch into cyclodextrin (CD). CD has various applications in fields such as food, textiles, pharmaceuticals, chemistry, and biotechnology. The objective of this study was to isolate b-CGTase-producing bacteria from soil in a potato plantation located in Kerinci, and to conduct their characterization. Screening was conducted using Horikoshi agar media with phenolphthalein and methyl orange color indicators. The results indicated that one isolate, coded CK-2, produced the optimum b-CGTase enzyme when incubated for 30 hours at 37 ºC and pH 10. The CGTase enzyme converted starch to CD when incubated for 60 minutes at 37 ºC and pH 7. The CK-2 isolate was identified as monobacilli Gram-positive bacteria, having spores, positive in the catalase test, and motile. The study concluded that the bacteria producing b-CGTase enzyme are found in the soil of potato plantations in Kerinci, which is believed to originate from the genus Bacillus sp.
In-Ovo Antiviral Activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa against Newcastle Disease Virus Abaka, AbdulAzeez Mumsiri; Hamuel, James Doughari; Abdullahi, Tukur Baba; Abubakar, Keta Biman
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.305-310

Abstract

Newcastle disease is a highly contagious viral infection affecting poultry and wild birds. The causative agent is Avian paramyxovirus 1 (APMV-1), causing significant economic losses despite vaccination efforts due to its high mortality rate. Hibiscus sabdariffa was identified at Modibbo Adama University Yola, and laboratory assays were performed at the National Veterinary Research Institute Vom. The study explores the antiviral effects of extracts from H. sabdariffa calyx against a virulent strain of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) using embryonated chicken eggs (ECE). Standard methods were employed for cytotoxicity assay, embryo infective dose 50 (EID50) determination, and therapeutic antiviral assays. Methanol was used for extraction and phytochemical analysis, revealing various bioactive compounds like cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, and phenols. Toxicity assay showed cytotoxicity at concentrations over 25 mg/ml, but therapeutic antiviral assays demonstrated virus replication inhibition at concentrations as low as 5 mg/ml. These findings suggest the potential of H. sabdariffa calyx extracts as safe and effective treatments for NDV, with promising therapeutic antiviral properties. Further pharmaceutical research is recommended to explore their use in developing novel Newcastle Disease treatments.
Isolation and Characterisation of Essential oils of Mango (M. indica) Leave Abubakar, Auwal; Shagal, Mohammed Hassan; Milan, Charles
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.1-6

Abstract

This research work aimed at isolation and characterisation of essential oils of Mangifera. indica (M. indica) leaves. Phytochemical screening was carried out to determine the bioactive components present in the leaf sample as well as the antimicrobial activity of the crude ethanolic extract. The percentage yield of essential oils (colourless) of the leaf was 0.19%. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloid, glycoside, flavonoid, saponin and tannin.  Steroids was absent in the extract. The antimicrobial evaluation of the essential oil of M. indica leaf revealed a significant activity (zone of inhibition). The percentage (%) of Diphenyl picryl hydrazine (DPPH) scavenged of antioxidant activities for the essential oils of M. indica at different concentration of 5µl, 10µl, 25µl and 100 µl showed a significant antioxidant activity. In concluded results, it’s clearly observed that, when the concentration of both ethanolic extract and essential oils leaf sample increases, the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties increases when compared to the standard (Amoxicillin) and that of essential oils has a significant property than other extracts. Considering the results of phytochemical screening, it’s also a potential source of cost-effective food supplements, nutritive ingredients and antibacterial agent for improving human health and curing acute and chronic diseases. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oils for the leaf sample revealed fifty two (52) different chemical compounds which include Alloaromadendrene, Humulene, Bicyclo[4,4,0]dec-1-ene, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene, Bicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene,4,11,11,-trimethyl 8-methylene-,[1R-(1R*,4Z,9S*)].
Phenolic, Flavonoid Contents, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Activity of Selected Eucalyptus Species: Review Moges, Getaneh Worku; Manahelohe, Gizachew Mulugeta; Asegie, Melese Ababay
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.147-157

Abstract

Many medicinal plants and their essential oils are used to treat or prevent diseases without the risk of mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, or teratogenicity. Eucalyptus essential oils are commonly used as preservatives, flavoring agents, and various consumer goods. Eucalyptus leaves are being widely studied due to their volatile essential oils, including 1,8-cineole, p-cymene, α- and β-pinene, limonene, citronellal, citral, eudesmol, terpinen-4-ol, terpineol, α–phellanderene, and 9β-sitosterol. Among these compounds, 1,8-cineole is the most abundant. Eucalyptus leaves are rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds and are thus a great source of antioxidants. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays were used to measure antioxidant capacity. The antioxidant activity of Eucalyptus essential oil is stronger than that of standard antibiotics such as erythromycin, cefixime, and gentamicin due to the presence of significant terpenoids in addition to phenolic chemicals and flavonoids. A lower IC50 indicates greater antioxidant potential. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are often associated with beneficial health outcomes, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, anticancer properties, reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, prevention of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, and prevention of Alzheimer’s disease. Flavonoids also play essential roles in plants, including protecting against reduction, fertility, reproduction, and infection. Due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and immunomodulatory properties, flavonoids are crucial for pharmacological, medical, and nutraceutical applications.
Antiepileptic Potential of Justicia insularis Leaf Extract in Swiss Mice Elkanah, Nancy; Nnumolu, Michael Chuks; Okokon, Jude Effiom; Ise, Uduak Peter
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.271-275

Abstract

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological condition characterized by repetitive seizures, necessitating the exploration of efficacious treatments. Justicia insularis, a plant with a historical use in treating convulsions and epilepsy, has garnered attention as a potential antiepileptic agent. This study aimed to investigate the antiepileptic properties of Justicia insularis leaf extract, focusing on generated seizure models in mice. The analysis of variance (ANOVA), specifically one-way ANOVA, was utilized to assess the statistical significance of the data. Seizure models were employed to evaluate the antiepileptic effects of Justicia insularis leaf extract. The p-values obtained from the one-way ANOVA were significant, with values of ap<0.005, bp<0.01, and cp<0.001. These results suggest the statistical significance of the observed effects in the seizure models. This study provides valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of Justicia insularis leaf extract as a treatment for epilepsy. The significant findings underscore the importance of further research into the use of natural medicines for managing epilepsy, potentially offering new avenues for treatment.

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