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Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
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Articles 78 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 1 (2025)" : 78 Documents clear
Effectiveness Test of Melon Fruit Peel Ethanol Extract Cream (Cucumis melo) on Incision Wound Healing of White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Rizki, Husna; Harlita, Harlita
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.225-231

Abstract

Incision wounds are a type of open wound that requires treatment to prevent infection and accelerate healing. Using natural ingredient-based creams has become a more practical alternative to conventional ointments. Melon rind (Cucumis melo) contains active compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, and phenols that have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, potentially accelerating wound healing and reducing the risk of infection. This study aims to test the effectiveness of melon rind ethanol extract cream on incision wound healing in white rats (Rattus norvegicus). The study used an experimental method with three treatment groups: control (bacitracin), 15% melon peel extract cream (P1), and 25% melon peel extract cream (P2). Mice were adapted for 7 days before the treatment test. The cream was applied three times a day for 14 days, and wound diameter and body weight were observed every two days. Observation data were analysed using one way ANOVA test version 26.0. The results showed that melon rind extract cream had physical characteristics that met the standards. ANOVA and LSD tests on wound diameter showed significant differences between control and treatment, although there was no significant difference between P1 and P2. Meanwhile, the ANOVA and LSD test results on body weight showed significant differences between groups. Group P2 showed a steady increase in body weight, indicating the safety of the cream.
Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Gandaria Stem Bark (Bouea macrophylla) Against MCF-7 Cell Line Situmeang, Boima; Primawati, Junia Salsha; Oktafiani, Ismi; Musa, Weny JA; Kilo, Ahmad Kadir
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.345-349

Abstract

The stem bark of Bouea macrophylla (gandaria) represents a promising subject for further scientific investigation. Previous studies have reported that the bark contains high concentrations of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, associated with potent antioxidant activity. This study evaluates the antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of the ethyl acetate fraction of B. macrophylla stem bark. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods, while cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells was determined using the MTT assay. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values of 5.837 ± 0.060 ppm (DPPH) and 9.645 ± 0.697 ppm (ABTS). The cytotoxicity assay revealed an IC₅₀ value of 99.55 ppm, indicating moderate cytotoxic potential. These findings suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of B. macrophylla stem bark possesses significant antioxidant activity and potential anticancer properties, supporting its possible application in natural therapeutic development.
Cytotoxicity and Isolation of Betullinic Acid from Anthonotha noldeae Stem Bark Atiko, Rejoice; Musba’u, Idriss Bamidele; Kwaji, Andrew; Nyakuma, Bemgba B.; Pius, Philip; Umar, Ibrahim M.; Muhammad, Adam I.
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.193-197

Abstract

The cytotoxicity and isolation of betullinic acid from Anthonotha noldeae stem bark were examined in this study. The stem bark was extracted using methanol (MeOH) via the cold maceration technique.  The MeOH produced a crude extract of 125.18 g (6.78%), which was further divided into n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions with yields of 10.23%, 11.74%, and 12.22%, respectively. Cytotoxicity assays using brine shrimp lethality tests revealed that the DCM and EtOAc fractions exhibited substantial concentration-dependent toxicity, achieving 100% mortality at 500–1000 ?g/mL. The LC50 values for the DCM and EtOAc fractions were 16.33 ?g/mL and 28.64 ?g/mL, respectively. Column chromatography of the fractions led to the isolation of the compound M1 (5 mg), characterized using FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. FTIR analysis identified functional groups consistent with carboxylic acids and alkenes, while NMR spectroscopy confirmed the presence of six methyl groups, vinyl protons, hydroxyl groups, and carboxyl functionalities. The compound was identified as the bioactive triterpene known as betulinic acid. The findings provide novel insights into the phytochemistry of Anthonotha noldeae, highlighting its potential as a source of bioactive compounds and application in traditional medicine.
Liquid Biofertilizer Made from Fermented Egg Shells, Fish Scales, and Chicken Feathers as A Plant Growth Stimulator Alternative to Chemical Fertilizer Ramadhan, Muhammad Nadhif Rasendriya; Arfarifki, Muhammad Farel; Khalisa, Fachira; Khalief, Raffi; Fadhil, Muhammad; Sari, Widya; Asiandu, Angga Puja
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.309-314

Abstract

As agricultural sectors rise due to increased human population, the demand for chemical fertilizer is also uplifted. However, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers reduces soil quality and natural properties. To address these issues, an alternative eco-friendly biofertilizer is needed. Here, we developed a liquid biofertilizer called ESSIK to substitute hazardous chemical fertilizers. It is made from environmentally friendly waste materials—including chicken feathers, egg shells, and fish scales—which are repurposed to provide vital nutrients for plant growth. Egg shells contain calcium useful in the synthesis of plant enzymes, fish scales contain calcium and phosphorus which play a role in accelerating fruit ripening, and chicken feathers contain high protein which can be a source of amino acids. These components were first fermented using effective microorganisms (EM4) to break down complex polymers into forms more readily absorbed by plants. The fermented biofertilizer was tested using mung bean (Vigna radiata) with concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 100%, and a positive control of 5% EM4. Based on the study, 20% was the best formulation to support the growth of mung bean (V. radiata) with a length of more than 41 cm, 16 leaves, and 9 stalks. Also, the leaf's length was approximately 6,6 cm, width 3,8 cm, with a healthy-green appearance. These findings suggest that it has significant potential as an eco-friendly and sustainable biofertilizer alternative to chemical fertilizers, promoting robust plant growth while contributing to waste recycling and environmental conservation for a better future.
Superoxide Anion Radicals Biosensor Based on Protein Extract from Deinococcus Radiodurans Immobilization by Glutaraldehyde Cross-Linked Afifi, Muhammad Ridho; Iswantini, Dyah; Nurhidayat, Novik; Saprudin, Deden
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.153-160

Abstract

A common enzyme for superoxide anion radicals biosensors is superoxide dismutase (SOD). Deinococcus radiodurans protein extract can replace the use of pure SOD enzymes for superoxide anion radicals biosensors. The purpose of this research is to determine the analytical performance of the superoxide anion radicals biosensor with protein extract of Deinococcus radiodurans immobilized on carboxymethylcellulose-gelatin-zeolit (CMC-G-Z) that is crosslinked by glutaraldehyde. The response surface method showed that the optimum condition for the biosensor was pH 7, protein extract concentration of 1075 µg/ml, zeolite concentration of 5 mg/ml, and glutaraldehyde concentration of 0.0042 M. Stability of the biosensor retained 67% of its sensitivity after use for 24 hours. The biosensor exhibits good analytical performance with a linear range from 0.1 – 0.8 mM, a detection limit of 77.84 µM, and a limit of quantification of 259.5 µM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9905.
Effectiveness of Botanical Pesticide from Keji Beling Leaves (Strobilanthes crispus) on Spinach Plants (Amaranthus tricolor L.) Against Pest Intensity Wulandari, Desi; Listiana, Ika
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.267-273

Abstract

Crop failure in cultivated plants can be influenced by several factors, including pest attacks. Pest control in plants is often carried out using pesticides made from chemical compounds, which can have negative effects on health and the environment. One alternative to chemical pesticides is the use of botanical pesticides. This study aims to determine the effect of botanical pesticides made from keji beling leaves (Strobilanthes crispus) on the intensity of pest attacks on spinach plants (Amaranthus tricolor L.). The research was conducted using an experimental method from June to August 2024 in Kelapa Tujuh Village, South Kotabumi District, North Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, and at the Zoology Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Raden Intan State Islamic University, Lampung. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments: applying botanical pesticides at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 0% (control). Each treatment was repeated 16 times, resulting in 64 plant samples. The parameters studied included pest attack intensity, plant height, and root length. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tested with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at a 5% significance level to determine significant differences. Phytochemical screening tests revealed that keji beling leaf-based botanical pesticides contain alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. The results showed that applying botanical pesticides from keji beling leaves influenced all the parameters studied. The treatment with a 75% concentration was the most effective, resulting in the lowest leaf damage at only 10%, a plant height of 22.40 cm, and a root length of 13.47 cm. Based on these findings, keji beling leaf-based botanical pesticides have the potential to serve as an environmentally friendly alternative for pest control in spinach cultivation.
Potential of Red Seaweed Juice in Reducing Blood Pressure and Lead Levels in Urine in Workers at Public Fuel Filling Stations Kusumawati, Evi; Imanuddin, Imanuddin; Rofiqoh, Rofiqoh; Nadimin, Nadimin
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.107-111

Abstract

Lead (Pb) pollution, primarily from fuel combustion, poses severe health risks, including hypertension and systemic poisoning. Gas station attendants are particularly vulnerable to Pb exposure due to occupational hazards. This study investigates the efficacy of red seaweed (Eucheuma spinosum) juice, rich in antioxidants and bioactive components, in reducing Pb levels in urine and lowering blood pressure among gas station workers in Kendari City, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental pre-post-test control group design was employed. Thirty gas station attendants were divided into three groups: control (P0), treatment with seaweed juice once daily (P1), and treatment with seaweed juice twice daily (P2), each receiving 200 mL for two weeks. Urinary Pb levels and blood pressure were measured pre-and post-intervention. Phytochemical analysis of the seaweed juice confirmed the presence of antioxidants, phenolics, saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The P1 and P2 groups exhibited a reduction in urinary Pb levels, whereas the P0 group showed an increase. However, statistical analysis indicated no significant differences in mean urinary Pb levels among groups. Blood pressure decreased in all groups, with the P2 group showing the most significant reduction in systolic pressure. Despite these trends, no statistically significant differences in blood pressure across the groups were observed. Red seaweed juice demonstrated potential in reducing Pb levels and improving blood pressure among gas station attendants. While statistical significance was not achieved, the findings suggest further research with larger sample sizes and longer intervention durations to confirm the therapeutic benefits of seaweed-based functional foods in mitigating Pb-related health risks.
Antihypercholesterolemic Activity of Tahongai Leaf infusion (Kleinsovia hospita L.) In Mice (Mus musculus L.) Sianturi, Sister; Sinaga, Clara Ritawany; Leswana, Nurillahi Febria; Butar-Butar, Maria Elvina Tresia
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.233-238

Abstract

Tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.) is an indigenous plant of East Kalimantan known for its health benefits, including antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. This study evaluates the antihypercholesterolemic activity of Tahongai leaf infusion in hypercholesterolemic mice (Mus musculus L.), induced by egg yolk. The test groups included a positive control (simvastatin), a negative control (distilled water), and three treatment groups with Tahongai leaf infusion at concentrations of 15%, 30%, and 60%. The results indicated that the highest reduction in cholesterol levels was observed in the P1 group (15% infusion) with an average decrease of 30.84%, followed by P2 (30% infusion) at 24.79%, and P3 (60% infusion) at 9.31%. The positive control group showed an average reduction of 8.64%. Statistical analysis using One-Way ANOVA revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) in cholesterol level reduction among the treatment groups.
Antibacterial Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves on Staphylococcus aureus Based on Different Concentration and Harvest Time Panjaitan, Jeremia Aris; Kusumawati, R. Lia; Yunanda, Yuki; Lubis, Arvitamuriany Triyanthi
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.351-355

Abstract

This study investigates the antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, focusing on the effects of harvest time and extract concentration. Leaves were harvested in the morning (08:00–10:00) and afternoon (15:00–17:00), then extracted with 96% ethanol. The antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method at 60%, 70%, and 80%. The largest inhibition zone was observed at 80% concentration from the afternoon harvest (10.38 ± 0.43 mm), while the smallest was recorded at 60% from the morning harvest (8.25 ± 0.20 mm). Statistical analysis confirmed a significant concentration‑dependent antibacterial effect (p < 0.001, η² = 88.6%). However, harvest time did not significantly affect inhibition zone size (p = 0.882). These results suggest that M. oleifera is an effective natural antimicrobial agent against S. aureus, with concentration being the key determinant of antibacterial activity. Further research is recommended to explore its potential combined with antibiotics and its full therapeutic applicability.
Prediction of Artocarpus altilis Potential as an Anti Breast Cancer by Inhibiting EGFR: a Molecular Docking Study Farid, Muhammad; Rastrani, Ardestya; Rahma, Adinda Aulia; Ramadhania, Widya Aryana
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.141.199-204

Abstract

Reseptor Faktor Pertumbuhan Epidermal (EGFR) merupakan target penting dalam terapi kanker payudara, mengingat perannya dalam proliferasi, motilitas, dan invasi sel tumor melalui jalur pensinyalan penting seperti Ras-MAPK dan PI3K/Akt. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi potensi senyawa aktif Artocarpus altilis (AA), yang kaya akan flavonoid, sebagai alternatif kemoterapi. Metode docking molekular digunakan untuk memprediksi interaksi antara senyawa AA dan protein EGFR (PDB ID: 2J6M). Validasi docking menunjukkan nilai RMSD sebesar 0,854 Å, yang menunjukkan akurasi tinggi. Asam ellagic menunjukkan afinitas pengikatan terbaik (-8,4 kkal/mol), diikuti oleh Quercetin (-7,3 kkal/mol), Katekin, dan Epikatekin (-7,2 kkal/mol). Analisis residu mengungkapkan bahwa MET793 memainkan peran kunci dalam stabilitas interaksi. Visualisasi interaksi dan prediksi ADMET menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar senyawa memenuhi Aturan Lima Lipinski, tanpa risiko hepatotoksisitas atau mutagenesis. Senyawa potensial seperti Quercetin dan Epicatechin menunjukkan kinerja yang sebanding dengan doxorubicin, tetapi dengan potensi efek samping yang lebih rendah. Hasil ini memperkuat peran senyawa alami sebagai kandidat untuk terapi kanker yang ditargetkan pada EGFR, yang menyediakan dasar untuk pengembangan obat antikanker yang lebih aman dan lebih efektif.

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