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INDONESIA
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 18297285     EISSN : 2540881X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan with registered number ISSN 1829-7285 (printed) and ISSN 2540-881x (online) is a scientific open access journal published by Environmental Health Department of Public Health Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Our journal aims to become a media of research results dissemination and exchange of scientific work of various groups, academics, practitioners and government agencies. Since 2018, this journal in one year will be published four times in January, April, July, and October.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 361 Documents
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Integrating Environmental Health into Disaster-Resilient Villages: Strategies, Challenges, and Solutions in Surakarta, Indonesia Subarno, Anton; Koesuma , Sorja; Sukatiman
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i1.2025.60-68

Abstract

Introduction: Surakarta is a city plagued by challenges related to critical disaster vulnerability, with 26 out of its 54 urban villages lacking disaster-resilient status despite facing frequent floods, landslides, and dense settlement fires that threaten environmental and public health. Therefore, the present study examined the implementation of disaster-resilient village programs in the city, focusing on environmental health integration and local capacity development. Methods: This qualitative study employed a case study analysis of four villages in Surakarta. The data collection involved in-depth interviews with government officials, community leaders, and residents, complemented by participatory observation and document analysis. The analysis utilized the qualitative comparative analysis framework, incorporating source and method triangulation. Results and Discussion: This study identified key environmental health integration strategies through water quality monitoring, air quality assessment, and sanitation infrastructure development. It was found that improved water quality monitoring reduced waterborne diseases by 45% after flood, enhanced air quality surveillance decreased respiratory problems by 38% in dense settlements, and upgraded sanitation infrastructure lowered disease transmission rates by 52% in landslide-prone areas. Conclusion: The successful implementation of disaster-resilient villages depends on the villages’ level of environmental health integration, as evidenced by reduced post-disaster disease rates, effective hazard mitigation, and decreased health impacts in the observed villages. These findings emphasize the urgent need for environmental health-focused disaster resilience programs in vulnerable urban villages.
Bacterial Colonization on Ventilator Surfaces in the ICU of Government Hospital in Pontianak Hariyanto IH; Putri, Icha Maidiana; Delima Fajar Liana
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.120-126

Abstract

Introduction: Colonization on ventilator surface is causing a risk of pathogenic bacteria transmission, leading to Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). Therefore, this study aimed to determine bacterial colonization on ventilator surface in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Government Hospital in Pontianak. Methods: Two ventilators, designated A and B, were sampled by sterile cotton swabs moistened with NaCl at 7 sampling points, namely power, interface, and control button, as well as screen, handrail, inspiratory port, and expiratory port. Samples were plated in triplication using the spread plate method on tryptone soya agar (TSA) medium and then incubated for 24 hours. The growth colonies were counted, and the morphology was observed macroscopically and microscopically. Results and Discussion: The results showed colonization at all sampling points on both ventilator surfaces. Ventilator A had total average number of colonies of 97, which was significantly higher compared to B with a total average of 7. Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) were observed more than Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) in both ventilators, accounting for 58.75% and 41.25%, respectively. The handrail part showed the highest number of colonies, accounting for 546 and 35 in ventilator A and B, respectively, represent both GNB and GPB but dominated by Gram-Positive coccus. The morphological forms of bacterial cells found were Gram-negative bacillus (GNB), Gram-positive coccus (GPC), Gram-negative coccus (GNC), and Gram-positive bacillus (GPB), with percentages of 37.50%, 27.50%, 21.25%, and 13.75%, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed colonization on the surfaces of two ventilators used in the ICU.
Association of Household Environment and Family Habits with Respiratory Allergy Symptoms in Children Lilis Sulistyorini; Corie Prasasti; Ririh Yudhastuti; Hasnur Z Arna
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.127-135

Abstract

Introduction: Respiratory allergy symptoms in children still pose challenges in Indonesia regions, including big cities such as Surabaya. Several studies have found a relationship between household environment and family habits. The study aimed to identify the relationship between household environment and family habits with the incidence of respiratory allergies in children. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted on children aged 5-15 years with respiratory problems in the past three months. A questionnaire adapted from the International Childhood Asthma and Allergy Research (ISAAC) was used to see the respiratory allergy symptoms occurring in children. For statistical tests, this study used the Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and logistic regression. Results : The data obtained showed a significant relationship between home furniture and building condition with respiratory allergy symptoms in children with OR values of 3.667 (CI: 1.068-12.586) and 3.747 (CI: 1.149-12.221), respectively. The use of air fresheners and insect repellent at home was also significantly related to respiratory allergy symptoms in children with OR values of 3.286 (CI: 1.063-10.152) and 4.200 (CI: 1.270-13.892), respectively. Conclusion: Household environment and family habits are associated with respiratory allergy symptoms in children. Household environment and family habits should be considered carefully, especially home furniture and building condition, also the habits of using fresheners and insect repellent should be avoided to prevent respiratory allergy symptoms in children. Conducting similar research and examination that involve larger samples to explore the cause-and-effect relationship between household environment and family habits with respiratory disease are very needed
Silent Killers: The Alarming Impact of Microplastics Polystyrene on Catfish Liver Health Suhardi, Haidar Rafli Putra; Moch Irfan Hadi; Atiqoh Zummah
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.177-186

Abstract

Introduction: The presence of microplastics in the bodies of living things has become a matter of concern. One example is the widespread use of polystyrene microplastics, which have been widely used by industry even medical products. Styrene bonds and Benzyl Carbon in polystyrene have been identified as potential sources of free radical formation. Upon decomposition, these bonds release dissolved organic carbon, which has been identified as a significant contributor to chemical pollution. Methods: This study aims to determine the effect of microplastic polystyrene in experimental research (MP-PS measuring +0.5 mm) on catfish Clarias gariepinus with concentrations of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3 mg (K1-K5) for one month on fish liver histopathology. Histopathological observation of fish liver using parrafin method and statistical analysis using SPSS was tested using Anova. Results and Discussion: As determined by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical test (P>0.05), it showed that MP-PS had a significant effect on liver damage in catfish, resulting in the most severe liver damage and the least damage depending on the amount of MP-PS given to the fish. Additional data were obtained in the form of liver tissue abnormalities. Conclusion: The toxicological effects of polystyrene microplastics (MP-PS) on catfish liver health, demonstrating a dose-dependent relationship. Higher MP-PS concentrations led to severe histopathological damage, including several types of liver cell abnormalities. These findings emphasize the urgent need for stricter regulations on microplastic pollution, as its unregulated production threatens aquatic ecosystems and public health.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Interaction of Pollutants on Pneumonia Cases Distribution in Metropolitan Jakarta Salman Alfarisi; Syavera, Venita
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.136-145

Abstract

Introduction: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in children under five globally, including in Indonesia. Large metropolitan cities such as Jakarta face a heavier burden due to poor air quality and high population density, further increasing the spread of this disease. This study aims to identify areas with high pneumonia risk and contributing pollutant factors to support more effective interventions and guide policy-making in reducing the impact of pneumonia in urban areas. Methods: This study used the Besag-York-Mollié 2 spatiotemporal model with INLA to analyze the geographic distribution of disease and the influence of pollutant factors. The data comes from Social Security Agency, which has not been used in previous similar studies, and the Jakarta Environmental Agency, thus providing a more accurate description of the actual conditions. Results and Discussion: The effects of pollutants were analyzed based on their credibility intervals, with CO (0.0004, 0.0014); SO2 (-0.0220, 0.0092); and PM10 (-0.0123, 0.0362). Meanwhile, the effect of the time factor (year) has a credibility interval of (0.1669, 0.3464). Spatiotemporal analysis shows an increase in relative risk spread across Jakarta. Conclusion: It was shown through the study that pollutants, particularly CO, positively affected the rising cases of pneumonia, whereas other pollutants discussed under the study had no significant impact. Additionally, time also made a significant impact on the study. The risk ratio for every region of Jakarta rose, and this highlights the importance of air quality management, sustainable urban development, and access to health in an equitable equally.
Effect of Mercury Administration as an Oxidative Stress Trigger in Hepato-Renal Injuries Yuliana, Ida; Triawanti; Prenggono, Muhammad Darwin; Oktaviyanti, Ika Kustiyah; Irfan Maulana; Fahrina Ulfah
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.159-167

Abstract

Introduction: Mercury as the source of free radicals can trigger the activation of oxidative stress pathways. With its high toxicity, it can cause hepato-renal injuries. There have been many studies on mercury toxicity in various organs, but there are still few scientific studies that examine the hepato-renal injuries caused by mercury through the oxidative stress pathway. This study was conducted to investigate the triggering of the oxidative stress pathway due to mercury exposure in hepato-renal injuries. Methods: Research using randomized true laboratory experiment method with post-test control group design. The number of samples used was 28 Wistar rats. The research group consisted of 2 groups, control group was given aquadest ad libitum, and intervention group was given water contaminated with mercury per oral once a day (15 kg/WB). The treatment period was 14 consecutive days and on the 15th day, blood samples were taken. Oxidative stress marker was assessed by examining MDA and GPx levels and hepato-renal injuries were assessed by examining liver function (ALT and AST) and kidney function (ureum and creatinine). The collected data were analyzed by independent t-test with 95% confidence level; significant if p>0.05. Results and Discussion: The study found that mercury can trigger the activation of oxidative stress pathways and have an impact on hepato-renal function. Conclusion: Research still needs to be continued to prove that impaired hepato-renal injuries also occur at the cellular histomorphologic and discover other biomolecular mechanisms such as activation of inflammatory pathways that can also cause organ damage.
Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Serayu River Water, Central Java-Indonesia Handayani, Cicik Oktasari; Zu'amah, Hidayatuz; Sukarjo
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.110-119

Abstract

Introduction: Pollution is a major factor contributing to the decline in river water quality, which serves as a source of clean water for residents. This study examines the pollution degrees of heavy metals, including lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, arsenic, cobalt, and manganese, in surface water, as well as the associated public health risks for adults and children. Methods: Water samples were obtained from 18 unique sites along the Serayu River in Central Java Province. The concentrations of heavy metals were measured utilizing an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The heavy metal pollution index was employed to evaluate the Serayu River's suitability as drinking water. Public health risks were evaluated by employing the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk estimation. Results and Discussion: The heavy metal pollution index exceeded 100 at several sampling sites (W1, W2, W3, W4, W6, W7), indicating that the water is unsafe for drinking. However, non-carcinogenic risks from metal ingestion are negligible, as the HI and HQ values for both adults and children remain below one. The estimated carcinogenic risk is within the acceptable threshold (1E-4), with values of 1.109E-6 for adults and 4.199E-6 for children, suggesting no significant carcinogenic risk to the population. Conclusion: The results indicate that the Serayu River does not pose a significant carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic for illness to adults and children. However, owing to their heightened susceptibility to toxic effects, monitoring strategies to address the elevated vulnerability of children to heavy metal exposure
Estimation of the Carbon Footprint of Campus Activities at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, After the Covid19 Pandemic Windi Mulia Nofta Fani; Febri Juita Anggraini; Viareco, Hariestya
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.146-158

Abstract

Introduction: The Covid19 pandemic altered campus activity patterns, impacting energy use and transportation. As operations resumed, universities became significant contributors to carbon emissions. Without intervention, these emissions risk accelerating environmental harm. This study estimates the post-pandemic carbon footprint of campus activities to provide a foundation for emission reduction strategies at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi. Methods: This quantitative descriptive study used surveys and observations at Universitas Jambi (2023) with 132 respondents via stratified sampling. Emissions were estimated using GHG Protocol scopes 1–3 and IPCC 2019 factors. Carbon-related variables were analyzed and mapped using Vensim to visualize interrelations in campus emission activities. Results and Discussion: The post-pandemic carbon footprint of campus activities at the Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Jambi, totaled 490.9 tons CO₂-eq in 2023. Scope 2 emissions from electricity use dominated at 78.54%, followed by Scope 3 (commuting and paper usage) at 20.29%, and Scope 1 at 1.16%. Transportation, particularly student commuting, was the largest contributor within Scope 3. Scenario simulations using Vensim revealed that carpooling and car-free day programs could reduce emissions significantly. Behavior-based interventions, including energy-saving practices and digital document usage, were identified as effective strategies to improve sustainability in daily academic operations. Conclusion: The findings support the development of targeted emission reduction strategies aligned with post-pandemic campus conditions. Its integrated approach contributes a data-driven framework for sustainable policy planning, especially for post-pandemic institutions in tropical and developing country contexts.
Implementation of Insecticide for Fogging and Larvicidation in Dengue Fever Control and Its Impact on Vector Resistance in Banjarmasin City: A Qualitative Analysis Juhairiyah; Muhammad Rasyid Ridha; Indriyati, Liestiana; Yudhastuti, Ririh; Triwibowo Ambar Garjito; Muhammad Choirul Hidajat; Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni; Nurul Hidayah; Isnawati; Babucarr Jassey
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.99-109

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue remains a major public health concern in Indonesia, including Banjarmasin. Insecticide-based interventions, such as fogging and larviciding, are key components of dengue vector control. However, improper implementation can lead to insecticide resistance, reducing program effectiveness. Methods: This qualitative study aimed to evaluate the implementation of insecticide use in the dengue control program in Banjarmasin. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews at national, provincial, and municipal levels. A total of 60 informants were purposively selected, including stakeholders from the Ministry of Health, provincial and city health offices, pharmaceutical warehouses, community health centers, sub-districts, and urban villages. Data were analyzed using a deductive Input-Process-Output (IPO) model and inductive gap analysis. Triangulation was applied to ensure data validity. Results and Discussion: The study revealed that the absence of national and local insecticide resistance mapping hinders the implementation of insecticide rotation policies. Other challenges include a shortage of trained entomology personnel, limited training, weak intersectoral coordination, and poor dissemination of vector control regulations, particularly regarding fogging procedures. Moreover, unsupervised community-led fogging often deviates from standard operating procedures. Conclusion: Strengthening human resource capacity, improving insecticide distribution planning based on resistance data, and enhancing regulatory enforcement are critical to improving program effectiveness. Promoting community-based approaches is also essential to support sustainable and responsive dengue vector control strategies.
Characterization of Airborne Microplastics Particles on Urban Roads: Types, Sizes, and Total Particles Wati, Mimin Setia; Akas Yekti Pulih; Zamzam, Maki; Wikurendra, Edza Aria
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jkl.v17i2.2025.168-176

Abstract

Introduction: Airborne microplastics are part of air pollution that can enter the body orally, through direct contact with the skin and inhalation. Microplastic pollution raises concerns about health and environmental impacts, especially in urban areas with high activity. This study aims to characterize microplastic particles suspended in the air on urban roads by identifying the type, size, and total number of particles. Methods: Sampling method was carried out systematically in four strategic locations with high traffic levels. Laboratory analysis using a combination of spectroscopy and optical microscopy techniques were carried out to identify the type of polymer contained in the particles and to measure the particle size distribution in detail. Results and Discussion: This study identified a total of 223 airborne microplastic particles across four urban sites, dominated by fiber types (>80%), likely from synthetic textiles. Particle sizes ranged from 0.2 mm to 4.8 mm, with Small Microplastics (<1 mm) comprising over 60% and posing potential respiratory health risks. The highest concentration was found at Point 2 (63 particles), influenced by high traffic and nearby industry. Conclusion: Microplastics, which are predominantly in the form of fibers, especially small (<1 mm) in size, which are easily dispersed by the wind and have the potential to endanger health through inhalation, are thought to come from tire friction and industrial and household activities.

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