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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 24430110     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
Arts Humanities
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Articles 130 Documents
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Pentingnya Wawasan Sejarah dan Kebangsaan pada Negara-Bangsa Plural: Persoalan Integrasi dan Disintegrasi di Indonesia pada Abad XXI Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri; Rochwulaningsih, Yety
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Pelestarian Budaya dan Transformasi Sosial
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v8i2.60316

Abstract

Artikel ini ingin mewacanakan pentingnya wawasan kebangsaan Indonesia sebagai upaya untuk menjaga keutuhan dan integrasi nasional dalam bingkai Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI). Artikel ini menemukan bahwa negara Republik Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki cacat bawaan sejak lahir yaitu kerapuhan dalam memepertahankan integrasi nasional. Hal itu terkait dengan kenyataan bahwa negara republic Indonesia lahir bukan karena persamaan tetapi justru karena perbedaan dan keragaman baik dalam ras, kelompok etnik, agama, status social. Kesamaan mungkin hanya ditemukan dalam wujud cita-cita yaitu lepas dari kolonialisme bangsa asing dan membentuk negara yang merdeka Makmur, adil, dan memiliki harga diri. Untuk mengatasi cacat bawaan sejak lahir itulah maka semangat kebangsaan perlu selalu diproduksi dan reproduksi guna mengawal integrasi nasional Indonesia untuk mampu menghadapi tantangan disintegrasi nasional.
Batavia in Crisis: Disease Outbreaks and Public Health Responses in the 20th Century Aditiya, Wisnu Rega; Susilowati, Endang; Yuliati, Dewi
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 1 (2024): Colonialism, Culture, and Identity
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i1.64358

Abstract

This study investigates the health crisis that gripped Batavia during the early 20th century, characterized by recurrent disease outbreaks. The development of the outbreak was influenced, among other by the unhealthy lifestyle of the population, the lack of knowledge regarding handling existing outbreaks, as well as climate and weather factors in the Batavia region which supported the spread of the disease. By examining the interplay of socio-economic conditions, public health practices, and environmental factors, this research seeks to elucidate the factors contributing to these epidemics. Employing a historical methodology,the study analyzes primary and secondary sources to reconstruct the city's health landscape. Findings reveal that Batavia's inadequate public health infrastructure, coupled with poor living conditions, exacerbated the spread of diseases. The city's government struggled to implement effective control measures, leading to significant mortality rates. However, the introduction of mass vaccination programs in the 1910s and 1920s marked a turning point, demonstrating the potential of public health interventions in mitigating disease outbreaks. This research underscores the importance of robust public health systems in preventing and responding to epidemics, a lesson that remains relevant today.
Dampak Krisis Malaise terhadap Sektor Perkebunan di Keresidenan Palembang 1929-1934 Wargadalem, Farida; Utama, Nanda Julian
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 1 (2024): Colonialism, Culture, and Identity
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i1.56977

Abstract

Tulisan ini menyoroti dampak dari malaise (Krisis Ekonomi dunia) di wilayah Keresidenan Palembang pada periode Kolonial. Masalah utama dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana dampak Malaise di Palembang dan bagaimana respon masyarakat Palembang dalam menghadapinya, terutama mereka yang terlibat dalam bisnis perkebunan (karet dan kopi) antara tahun 1929-1930. Pada awal abad 20 hingga menjelang Malaise tahun 1929, wilayah Palembang dikenal sebagai salah wilayah yang menguntungkan di Hindia Belanda. Sektor perkebunan memegang peranan penting untuk masyarakat karena hampir 90 persen perkebunan karet dan kopi dikuasai oleh orang-orang Palembang sendiri. Disisi lain, booming karet pada medio 1920an semakin menguntungkan bisnis perkebunan ini. Namun ketika malaise terjadi pada tahun 1929, mereka yang terlibat dalam perkebunan ini kebingungan menghadapi situasi ini. Disinyalir pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai situasi ekonomi semacam ini sangat minim, sehingga mereka tidak memahami struktur harga di pasaran dunia. Disisi lain perubahan sosial akibat booming karet menjadikan mereka cenderung konsumptif dari pada melakukan investasi. Fenomena ini menarik untuk dibahas dalam sebuah penelitian yang menggunakan metode Sejarah. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan malaise sangat memberikan dampak buruk yang sangat signifikan pada perekonomian Palembang, terutama pada sektor Perkebunan. Selain penurunan harga yang drastis pada komoditas karet dan kopi, malaise juga berdampak pada bisnis lain yang berhubungan dengan kedua komoditas ini, terutama bisnis pelayaran lokal di Palembang. 
Konflik dan Resolusi: Peristiwa Berdarah di Tapanuli Masa Revolusi Silaban, Edward; Suprayitno, Suprayitno; Nuhung, Nuhung
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Pelestarian Budaya dan Transformasi Sosial
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v8i2.58980

Abstract

After the proclamation of Indonesian independence on August 17, 1945, the resistance to the formation of the Republic of Indonesia among local rulers in East Sumatera, including the kings in Tapanuli, revealed the opposite. The kings and sultans was still adamant in maintaining their position and did not want to switch from an autocracy system to a democratic system because during local rulers were given many special privileges by the Dutch. Utilizing historical methods encompassing heuristic, verification, interpretation and historiography, as well as using the concept of revolution, to reveal causes and trajectory of the bloody events in Tapanuli during the Revolution. This study reveals that the violent incident in Tapanuli was driven by the Pesindo troops and the unionist from East Sumatra targeting the local kings. The resolution of the bloody conflict involved Tentara Repiblik Indonesia (TRI) and also traditional reconciliation as well as traditional reconciliation practices such as buffalo slaughtering and communal feasting.
Dampak Ekonomi dan Pembangunan Infrastruktur Pascapemekaran Wilayah Kecamatan Rowokangkung Tahun 1992-2020 Arsalam, Dawud
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 1 (2024): Colonialism, Culture, and Identity
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i1.58967

Abstract

The formation of Rowokangkung District in Lumajang Regency in 1992 was a product of Indonesia's decentralization policy. This study examines the district's economic and infrastructural development following its establishment to assess the policy's effectiveness. Employing a historical research methodology, the study reveals that while the district has experienced some infrastructural improvements, such as irrigation, roads, and electricity, economic growth has remained predominantly agrarian-based. A key finding is the top-down nature of the district's formation, with limited community involvement in the decision-making process. This lack of participatory governance contributed to a mismatch between policy planning and local needs, ultimately hindering economic development.The territorial splits policy tends to be top-down without involving substantial community and local government participation. This indicates a gap between planning policies and real needs at the local level. Limited economic impact: Although the wheels of government are running well, the expansion has not been able to drive significant economic growth in Rowokangkung District
Colonial Diplomatic Relations and the Development of Pearling Industry in the Netherlands Indies, 1894-1899 Rasyid, Rangga Ardia
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 1 (2024): Colonialism, Culture, and Identity
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i1.44053

Abstract

The pearling industry that developed in the Netherlands East Indies (now Indonesia) had a particularly Australian character. This influence was especially pronounced during the time of James Clark and his Celebes Trading Company (CTC) consortium (1905-1918), which operated primarily in the Aru Islands of the southeastern Moluccas. However, even before the CTC, Anglospheric influence was evident in the Ordinances passed by the Dutch colonial government throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries. While discussions of transnational elements in pearling history have often focused on Australian capitalist expansion or pearling crew movements, often overlooked aspect is the role of colonial government policy. Therefore, this research primarily utilizes the abundant colonial archives housed in the Indonesian National Archive (ANRI) in Jakarta, focusing on documents related to the drafting of pearling ordinances. Additionally, Australian and Dutch newspaper archives obtained from online sites are also consulted. By examining these sources, this article highlights the use of colonial diplomatic networks in formulating a new pearling industry, particularly the correspondence between Dutch and British colonial officials. It also aims to understand how these diplomatic networks influenced the growth of the pearling business in the Netherlands East Indies. This research concludes that transnational forces played a significant role in shaping the legal structure of the Netherlands East Indies pearling industry. It demonstrates that the Dutch colonial state was not simply a passive actor reacting to external threats. Instead, it actively participated in creating the legal framework for pearl fishing in the region.
Belajar dari Sejarah: Refleksi atas Warisan Kolonial dan Praktik Pelestarian Sumber Daya Alam di Indonesia Tanaya, Haidar Trisna
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 8, No 2 (2023): Pelestarian Budaya dan Transformasi Sosial
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v8i2.40992

Abstract

Indonesia has a long history of both exploitation and nature conservation. Even before the arrival of Western nations, the concept of conservation was known to the people. Despite Western colonialism, often being associated with natural exploitation, it is also contributed to various forms of nature conservation in Indonesia, some of which are still implemented today. This study was analyzed using historical methods with emphasis on the stages of source selection and source criticism. Based on this study, the fact is that natural conservation legacies such as nature reserves, national parks and wildlife sanctuaries are actually originated from the colonial government. The establishment of rules governing nature conservation during the colonial periodundersores the seriousness of their efforts in this regard. The existence of various nature conservation efforts carried out by the community before and during the Western colonialism serves as a reflection of Indonesia’s commitment to nature conservation efforts. Their efforts, including the process of establishing nature reserves and regulations in terms of conservation, provide valuable  lessons, especially when Indonesia is currently faced with various environmental and ecological issues and the threat of a natural crisis. 
Kamishibai dan Propaganda Jepang di Jawa pada Masa Perang Asia Timur Raya Budiarto, Gema; Yuliati, Dewi; Puguh, Dhanang Respati
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 8, No 1 (2023): Propaganda Politik dan Katastrofisme
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v8i1.61988

Abstract

During the war, the Japanese military occupation government of Java utilized various propaganda media to mobilize the Javanese people to support the war effort. One such medium was kamishibai, or picture story shows, which was introduced to Javanese society by Japan. Throughout the wartime period, the themes of kamishibai stories were controlled and dictated by the Japanese military government. As a form of propaganda media presented through performing arts, kamishibai effectively reached audiences of all ages, from children to adults. This article explores kamishibai as a visual performance art serving as propaganda in Javanese society during the Greater East Asian War. Employing historical research methodology, this study investigates the role of kamishibai in conveying specific messages, particularly those related to supporting the war effort. The findings of this research reveal that kamishibai, originally a Japanese performing art, was utilized by the Japanese military occupation government in Java to disseminate certain messages, particularly those aimed at boosting morale and spirit. The themes depicted in kamishibai stories often focused on efforts to uplift people's morale, glorify the Japanese Empire, foster anti-Western sentiment, and promote labor efforts.
Memperkuat Pertahanan Laut Indonesia: Belajar dari Strategi Pertempuran Laut Rusia-Jepang, 1904-1905 Hidayat, Cecep
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.37690

Abstract

The Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) was a significant event in the early 20th century that saw the two nations clash on various battlefields, both on land and at sea. This article aims to analyze the naval combat strategies employed during the Russo-Japanese War, with the objective of providing relevant insights for the Indonesian Navy (TNI AL). The primary focus of this analysis is the effectiveness of strategies such as naval blockades, visionary leadership, and the optimization of fleets and logistics, factors that are highly relevant for strengthening Indonesia’s maritime defense as an archipelagic nation. This article is based on a historical research approach, utilizing a variety of sources, including archives, books, magazines, journal articles, and other documents that contain pertinent information on the topic. The analysis reveals that six naval battles took place during the Russo-Japanese War, with Japan emerging victorious in five of them. In these battles, Japan implemented an aggressive naval blockade strategy, supported by effective leadership, a superior fleet and armament, as well as a well-organized logistics system. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that the TNI AL develop a naval combat operation plan tailored to Indonesia’s specific maritime conditions, in order to strengthen its deterrent capabilities and national maritime defense.
Dari Sekolah Kolonial (Kweekschool) ke Gerakan Nasional: Politik Etis dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Transformasi Sosial di Indonesia Nurhakim, Habib Akbar; Pramuharam, Annas Ma’ruf; Birsyada, Muhammad Iqbal
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.46789

Abstract

This article aims to: (1) explain the ethical politics and the origins of the Kweekschool establishment policy; (2) analyze the educational system and programs offered at Kweekschool; (3) examine the influence of Kweekschool on the social transformation of the native (bumiputra) community. This study employs a historical research method. The findings indicate that: (1) The ethical politics, formalized by Queen Wilhelmina in 1901, led to the implementation of the Kweekschoolplan in 1927, which facilitated the establishment of Kweekschool as a response to the need for local teachers; (2) Kweekschool offered various educational programs aimed at training different categories of teachers, including those for rural schools and for Vervolg schools; (3) The ethical politics contributed to a social transformation within the bumiputra community, as Kweekschool graduates, who formed the educated elite, played a significant role in the emergence of nationalist movements that contributed to Indonesia's struggle for independence.

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