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INDONESIA
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 24430110     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Art,
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Articles 130 Documents
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Teaching Islam in the Palembang Malay During the Dutch Colonial Era Riyadi, Dayun; Suradi, Ahmad; Khoiri, Qolbi; Marpuah, Siti
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.52424

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of Dutch colonial policies on Islamic education in Palembang during the colonial period. Under Dutch rule, strict regulations were enforced on Islamic education, primarily aimed at controlling religious teachers and preventing them from using educational institutions to foster anti-colonial sentiment. The colonial government sought to weaken local resistance, often targeting influential ulama who played a key role in the dissemination of Islamic knowledge. In Palembang, traditional Islamic education was the dominant system during the Sultanate period, but with the rise of Dutch colonial power, Islamic education became marginalized, with a particular emphasis on the role of ulama and traditional Islamic teaching. Over time, the local society began to recognize the need for Dutch-style education, driven by the promise of better job opportunities for those holding Dutch school diplomas. Despite the establishment of Dutch-run schools, educational standards in Palembang remained low compared to other regions of Indonesia. This was due to both the limited public awareness of the importance of education and the inability of the colonial government to fulfill the educational aspirations of the local population. The paper highlights the complex interplay between colonial educational policies, local traditions, and the changing perceptions of education in Palembang during the colonial era.
The Maritime Cultural Ecology of the Biak People: A Historical Study of the Sowek Region, Supiori Regency, Papua Susilowati, Endang; Rinardi, Haryono; Rumbekwan, Albert; Ali, Ismail; Amaruli, Rabith Jihan
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.68518

Abstract

This article, using historical and ethnographic methods, explores the maritime cultural ecology of the Biak people in Sowek Village, Supiori Regency, Papua, Indonesia. Historically part of the Biak-Numfor and Supiori islands, Supiori became a separate district in 2003 under Law No. 35 of 2003. The Biak people in Sowek Village, who identify as the Sowek people, have lived in the Aruri Archipelago of Supiori Island for centuries. While their language and culture are part of the Biak-Numfor cultural family, their identity is rooted in their specific geographic location. Supiori Regency is predominantly oceanic and covered by mangrove forests, with only 25% of its land being dry. This landscape has shaped the Sowek people's reliance on marine resources and maritime trade. Contact with the outside world began long ago, facilitated by maritime trade and headhunting expeditions to Maluku, Ternate-Tidore, and the Raja Ampat Archipelago. The Sowek people navigate these waters using traditional boats such as the Wairon, Waimansusu, and Karures, guided by advanced astronomical knowledge of constellations like Orion (sawakoi) and Scorpion (romanggwandi). The maritime cultural ecology of the Biak people in Sowek Village, still preserved as a historical heritage, includes traditional fishing with nets, the cultivation of mangosteen (aibon), blacksmithing (kamasan), and the ecological conservation of mangrove forests, which serve as both fish habitats and natural fortifications for the village.
Wujud Nasionalisme Tokoh Modernis Islam: Kontribusi K.H. Mas Mansur dalam Mengantarkan Indonesia Merdeka Miftahuddin, Miftahuddin; Widiyanta, Danar; Rafsanjani, Adnan
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.43482

Abstract

This study aims to reaffirm the role of K.H. Mas Mansur in the context of Indonesia's struggle for independence from colonial rule. The research employs historical research procedures, including heuristics (source gathering), verification (criticism of the collected sources), interpretation (analysis of historical facts), and historiography (writing of history). The results of this study indicate that K.H. Mas Mansur's contributions to Indonesia's independence were realized both in the fields of social-religious movements to advance Islam and in politics. K.H. Mas Mansur viewed his involvement in social-religious affairs as important, seeing it as a means of empowering society in relation to understanding Islam as a way of life. Similarly, K.H. Mas Mansur believed that achieving an independent Indonesia required the development of political awareness, as resistance against the colonizers would not succeed without this consciousness. The development of the Indonesian Islamic Party (PII), for example, cannot be separated from Mas Mansur's role as a high-ranking leader of Muhammadiyah. In this context, it is clear that, alongside his active participation in the social-religious organization Muhammadiyah and his leadership within it, Mas Mansur was also deeply involved in politics.
Kontribusi Indo Europeesch Verbond (IEV) pada Penguatan Identitas Keeropaan dan Solidaritas Indo Praheningtyo, Raden Welling; Amini, Mutiah
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.43131

Abstract

This study focuses on the strengthening of identity and solidarity among the Indo community through the establishment of the Indo Europeesch Verbond (IEV) during the period of Indonesia's national movement. The aim of this study is to analyze the movements of the IEV in voicing the aspirations of the minority Indo group. Social segregation, both imposed by the Dutch colonial government and practiced socially, also led to an identity crisis for the population of the Dutch East Indies, which consisted of various ethnicities and races. The identity crisis also affected the Indo community, as descendants of mixed European and Dutch East Indies heritage. The identity concept developed by the Indo group was to act as an intermediary between Western and Eastern cultures. Using historical methodology, this study outlines the background of the formation of the IEV and the programs organized to assert the existence of the Indo group. The formation of identity began with collective awareness and the shared sense of discrimination, which then manifested in the desire to form associations and organizations. The research findings show that the IEV implemented various welfare programs to build solidarity, such as education and scholarships, colonization (transmigration), and the movements of Indo women and youth. In addition to welfare programs, political pathways were also pursued, notably through representatives in the Volksraad. This study demonstrates that an organization plays a significant role in the formation of identity and solidarity within the Indo community, which had its own unique characteristics in the context of Indonesia's national movement.
Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata Universitas Gadjah Mada, 1970-an – 2000-an: Kebijakan, Bentuk, dan Perdebatan Pemikiran Suwignyo, Agus; Sudarmadi, Tular; Wahyuni, Hermin Indah
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.57429

Abstract

The Student’s Community Service (Kuliah Kerja Nyata, KKN) has become a hallmark of higher education in Indonesia. Nonetheless, the history and intricacies of the implementation of this program have been overlooked in scholarly studies. The aim of the present article was to analyze the policies, forms and debates on KKN program from the 1970s to 2000s. This article was focused on the KKN program that was carried by the university that first initiated it in Indonesia, namely Gadjah Mada University. As a pioneer, UGM has the experiences in and the most complete archival collection about the KKN program among public and private universities in Indonesia. By applying the historical method and using KKN UGM reports from the 1970s–2000s as data sources, this article argues that, along the time of its existence, the KKN program at UGM has faced ups and downs as well as pros and cons. The article shows that the policies and the forms of the KKN program continue to adapt to the current context. Its contents, target community groups, and models of evaluation are increasingly varied and established from time to time. However, the principles and ideas that underline the program are also dynamic, especially regarding its impact and relevance in a modernizingsociety.
Village Headman and Their Financial Role in Managing Credit Institutions during Colonial Times Rinardi, M. Hum., Haryono; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Sulistiyono, Singgih Tri; Mufidah, Rafngi
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 9, No 2 (2024): Colonialism, Nationalism, and Social Transformation
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v9i2.68716

Abstract

This study examines the role of the village headman in overseeing village credit institutions (Village Banks) during the colonial era in Indonesia. Using a historical approach, it investigates the financial duties of the headman and the advantages he derived from these institutions. Village Banks, established by the colonial government, were community-based credit systems designed to meet specific economic needs in rural areas. The paper focuses on the headman’s administrative role within the Village Bank framework, analyzing his interactions with the institution and his significant influence over village finances. It argues that the involvement of local elites, particularly the headman, was crucial to the establishment, operation, and success of Village Banks. The patron-client relationships inherent in rural society also played a key role in facilitating the functioning of these credit institutions. However, this system had its drawbacks, as the headman and other elites often exploited it for personal gain, hindering the full development of Village Banks. In this context, effective bureaucratic oversight became essential to ensure the progress and proper functioning of the Village Banks.
Tontonan, Tatanan, dan Tuntunan: Seni Pertunjukan Kuda Lumping di Kecamatan Bejen, Temanggung, 1965-1998 Utama, Florentinus Galih Adi; Jiwangga, J.B. Judha; Parmadi, Eko Hari
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.60032

Abstract

Kuda lumping is a form of folk performance that is deeply embedded in the lives of Javanese communities. In Bejen Subdistrict, Temanggung Regency, this performance tradition functions not only as popular entertainment but also as an integral part of everyday social life, developing distinctive characteristics that differentiate it from kuda lumping in other regions. In this area, at least three variants of kuda lumping dance movements are recognized: the classical-religious variant, the variant established through the 1972 consensus of the Regional Cultural Inspection Office (Idakeb) of Temanggung Regency, and the mass-oriented variant. These three variants are often performed together within a single performance repertoire. Despite its rich forms and long historical presence, historical studies that specifically examine the existence and development of kuda lumping performances in Bejen Subdistrict remain very limited. This study aims to reveal the dynamics of the development of kuda lumping performances in Bejen Subdistrict, Temanggung, while highlighting local inspirations that have shaped the cultural life of the community. A historical method is employed by placing written primary sources on an equal footing with oral traditions and traditional Javanese historiography, particularly Serat Kramaleya, a Javanese-language manuscript written in 1922 that contains descriptions of kuda lumping performances of its time. The findings indicate that kuda lumping performances in Bejen Subdistrict emerged alongside the development of Javanese-Islamic culture in Temanggung. Political upheavals following the events of the 30 September Movement in 1965 temporarily halted these artistic activities. However, in the subsequent period, kuda lumping experienced significant development. The formalization of kuda lumping dance concepts by the Temanggung Idakeb in 1972 marked a new phase, in which the art form came to function not only as entertainment but also as a medium for transmitting local wisdom and providing social education for the community.
“Perebutan Ruang Udara:” Kontestasi Jaringan Radio di Bawah Pengawasan Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia Belanda, 1934-1942 Teofani, Debora Alfi Dwidi; Puguh, Dhanang Respati; Rochwulaningsih, Yety
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.68636

Abstract

This article examines the contestation between the Dutch East Indies colonial government's radio networks and locally-owned private radio stations as political instruments for control and propaganda dissemination within the colony. Utilizing historical and archival research methods, this study identifies the Nederlandsch-Indische Radio Omroep Maatschappij (NIROM) as the sole government-sanctioned radio network following the enactment of the 1934 broadcasting legislation. Although under colonial ownership, NIROM incorporated Malay-language programming, initially intended as a strategic medium to neutralize nationalist movements. However, the medium underwent a functional shift as Indonesian youth co-opted radio to mobilize nationalist sentiment. This shift was propelled by the emergence of "Eastern broadcasts" (siaran ketimuran) managed entirely by indigenous youth, fostering a competitive environment between the state and local private entities. The findings demonstrate that radio served as a vital propaganda medium for independence, successfully subverting the constraints of colonial surveillance.
Hans Christoffel: “Kapten Kecil Penakluk Rimba” dalam Historiografi Kolonial Hindia Belanda Durinx, Willy; Kozok, Uli
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.67878

Abstract

Hans Christoffel, a Swiss-born officer in the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL), served from 1886 to 1910 and left a deeply ambivalent legacy shaped by both acclaim and notoriety. Nicknamed the “Acehnese Tiger” for his severe methods during the Aceh War, Christoffel rose rapidly through the ranks, becoming a highly decorated commander in the elite Korps Marechaussee te Voet, a unit established to suppress guerrilla resistance in the Dutch East Indies. Renowned for his innovative counter-guerrilla strategies as well as his ruthless tactics, including hostage-taking and violent pacification campaigns, he acquired a formidable reputation among both colonial authorities and Acehnese opponents. This article traces Christoffel’s transformation from a feared agent of colonial violence into a later-life spiritualist who publicly renounced his militarized past. Situating his career within the broader framework of Dutch Ethical Policy and the contested implementation of Pax Neerlandica, the study draws on colonial reports, newspaper accounts, and ethnographic museum collections to critically examine the entanglements of violence, colonial governance, and personal moral reorientation in the life of a figure once known as the “Flying Swiss.”
Marhaenisme sebagai Rekontekstualisasi Marxisme dalam Pemikiran Sukarno Muslim, Fauzian Aulia; Rochwulaningsih, Yety; Sudarsih, Sri
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.72404

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Marhaenism as an ideology of struggle for marginalized groups that emerged from a process of dialectical engagement and recontextualization of Sukarno’s thought in relation to Marxism within the Indonesian context. The research employs the historical method, consisting of heuristic research, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings demonstrate that Marhaenism adopts the concept of class analysis from Marxism, yet does not apply it in a dogmatic manner. Sukarno reflected on the material conditions of Indonesian society, which differed significantly from the European context, where the oppressed class largely consisted of proletarians who did not own the means of production. In contrast, oppressed classes in Indonesia encompassed a broad spectrum of social groups, ranging from those without means of production to small-scale owners of productive assets. Sukarno referred to this oppressed class as the “Marhaen,” which included peasants, fishermen, small traders, and workers. Through this process of recontextualization, Sukarno developed distinctive concepts such as the Marhaen social class, Socio-Nationalism, and Socio-Democracy as an ideological framework of struggle suited to Indonesia’s social realities. This study therefore argues that Marhaenism represents a creative adaptation of Marxism rooted in the historical and social conditions of Indonesian society, offering an alternative ideology of emancipation for marginalized groups beyond the framework of orthodox Marxism.

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