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INDONESIA
Medicina
Published by Universitas Udayana
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Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
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Articles 234 Documents
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GANGGUAN MOOD PADA STROKE Tantular, Gabriella; Westa, Wayan; Nuartha, AABN
Medicina Vol 46 No 1 (2015): Januari 2015
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Stroke adalah salah satu sindrom neurologi yang dapat menimbulkan kecacatan dalam kehidupanmanusia. Salah  satu gejala yang dapat  timbul  setelah  seseorang  terkena  stroke adalah gangguanmood. Gangguan mood berhubungan dengan disabilitas fisik, beratnya stroke dan gangguan kognitif.Gangguan mood yang ditemukan pada stroke adalah depresi, gangguan afektif bipolar dan mania.Gambaran  gejala  berhubungan dengan  lesi  anatomis  stroke. Terapi  yang diberikan dapat  berupafarmakologis, psikoterapi, dan rehabilitasi. [MEDICINA 2015;46:33-36].Stroke is one of neurology syndrome that cause disability in human life. One of the symptoms thatappear after stroke was mood disorder. Mood disorder were related to physical disability, severity ofstroke  and  cognitive  dysfunction. Mood  disorder  found  in  stroke was  depression,  affective  bipolardisorder, and mania. Symptoms were associated with anatomical lesion. Treatment for this disorderare pharmacologic treatment, psychotherapy, and rehabilitation. [MEDICINA 2015;46:33-36].
MOLECULAR CYTOGENETIC REVIEW OF COMPLETE HYDATIDIFORM MOLE Mahendra, Agung Nova
Medicina Vol 43 No 1 (2012): Januari 2012
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Complete Hydatidiform Mole (CHM) is a pathologic pregnancy characterized by placental development regulatory genes defect. CHM is of significant importance to be characterized because of its relatively high potential to become malignant. Misdiagnosis is relatively common when histological method or cell ploidy determination is used as diagnostic tool. Knowledge of CHM genesis and genetic constitution serves as a basis to establish accurate diagnosis, and this can be achieved through the use of molecular cytogenetical approaches. This article is aimed on giving deeper understanding of CHM genesis from the perspective of molecular cytogenetics. By using molecular cytogenetical characterization, researchers found 2 CHM variants, namely BiCHM (Biparentally-inherited CHM) and AnCHM (Androgenetic CHM) with complex genetic heterogeneity. These findings also contribute to the improvement of molecular diagnostics, chemotherapeutics, genetic counselling, and gene therapy. (MEDICINA 2012;43:41-45).
Hubungan antarparameter klinikopatologis pada karsinoma kolorektal post-reseksi: analisis 227 kasus periode tahun 2010-2014 Novitasari, Novitasari; Mulyadi, I Ketut
Medicina Vol 47 No 1 (2016): Januari 2016
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Karsinoma kolorektal (KKR) merupakan suatu tumor ganas epitelial yang berasal dari usus besar. Karsinoma kolorektal telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius di Indonesia dan di Bali pada khususnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian retrospektif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antarparameter klinikopatologis KKR. Data dikumpulkan dari buku registrasi di RSUP Sanglah dan laboratorium swasta sejak 1 Januari 2010 hingga 31 Desember 2014. Klasifikasi tumor-tumor kolorektal mempergunakan sistem klasifikasi oleh World Health Organization, 2010. Klasifikasi faktor prognosis mempergunakan konsensus oleh The American Joint Committee’s tahun 1999 yang dipublikasi ulang tahun 2011. Hubungan antarparameter klinikopatologis dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square. Terdapat 227 kasus KKR post-reseksi selama kurun waktu 5 tahun (2010-2014). Lokasi tumor berhubungan bermakna dengan umur (P=0,001) dan ukuran tumor (P=0,015). Derajat diferensiasi berhubungan bermakna dengan tingkat kedalaman invasi (pT) (P=0,000) dan tipe histologis (P=0,000). Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara lokasi tumor dengan umur dan ukuran tumor, serta derajat diferensiasi dengan tingkat kedalaman invasi dan tipe histologis. Colorectal carcinoma is a malignant epithelial tumor originating in the large bowel. This malignancy has been burdened serious health problem in Indonesia, including Bali. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the association between clinico-pathological interparameters of colorectal carcinoma. Data were collected from registration in Sanglah hospital and a private laboratory, since January 1st, 2010 until December 31st, 2014. Classification of colorectal tumors used classification system by World Health Organization, 2010. Classification of prognostic factors used the American Joint Committee’s consensus, 1999, republished in 2011. Inter-relationship between clinicopathological parameters were analyzed their significancies using Chi-square test. There were total 227 cases of post-resection colorectal carcinoma between 2010-2014 (5 years). Tumor location was significantly associated with age (P=0.001) and tumor size (P=0.015). Grading was significantly associated with the local extent (pT) (P=0.000) and histological type (P=0.000). It was concluded that there are association between tumor location and age and tumor size, and between grading and the local extent and histological type.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ENERGY AND MACRONUTRIENTS INTAKE WITH ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS IN CHILDREN Yuliana, Yuliana; Sidiartha, I Gusti Lanang
Medicina Vol 45 No 1 (2014): Januari 2014
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Antropometric indicator is the most widely used measurement of children’s nutritional status. The three main indicators that use to deûne undernutrition are underweight, stunting, and wasting, willrepresent different histories of nutritional insult to children. Adequate nutrition is a prerequisite to good health and one important determinant of growth and development. The objective of this study wasto investigate possible association between energy and macronutrients intake with anthropometric indicators. A cross-sectional study held at Jempiring Pediatric Wards Sanglah Hospital Denpasarfrom October until December 2013. Chi square and logistic regression test were used for detecting associations between energy and macronutrients intake with anthropometric indicators. A P-valueless than 0.05 was considered statistical significant. A total of 152 children were analyzed. Underweight was associated with inadequate intake of total energy, carbohydrate, and protein with PR 5.47 (95% CI 1.20 to 24.96), 4.29 (95% CI 1.03 to 117.86), 3.40 (95% CI 1.04 to 11.13), respectively. Stunting was associated with inadequate intake of total energy and protein with PR 4.76 (95% CI 1.56 to 14.57) and 13.41 (95% CI 4.42 to 40.68), respectively. Wasting was associated only with inadequate intake of total energy with PR 4.14 (95% CI 1.74 to 9.83). It can be concluded that underweight, stunting, and wasting showed association with inadequate energy and macronutrients intake. [MEDICINA 2014;45:3-8]
DIAGNOSIS DAN PENATALAKSAAN SPONDILITIS TUBERKULOSA Suyasa, I Ketut
Medicina Vol 38 No 2 (2007): Mei 2007
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Spondilitis tuberculosis merupakan fokus sekunder infeksi tuberculosis yang mengenai tulang belakang. Keterlibatan tulang belakang akan dapat memperberat morbiditas karena adanya potensi defsit neurologis dan deformitas yang permanent. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan klinis, laboratories, imaging, bakteriologis dan histopathologis. Sampai saat ini belum ada therapi definitif yang baku. Masih ada kontroversi antara terapi konservative dengan pembedahan. Telah dikembangkan metode total treatment yang merupakan gabungan terapi konservatif dan tindakan operatif berdasarkan identifikasi masalah yang dihadapi masing ? masing penderita.Therapi pembedahan dapat berupa radikal atau middle path, anterior atau posterior, atau kombinasi anterior posterior dengan atau tanpa instrumentasi.
SUBACUTE CUTANEOUS LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS PADA PENDERITA LUPUS ERITEMATOSUS SISTEMIK Widiawati, Sayu; Karmila, IGAA. Dwi
Medicina Vol 46 No 2 (2015): Mei 2015
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Lupus eritematosus (LE) merupakan penyakit autoimun dengan variasi klinis luas dari manifestasiterbatas pada kulit hingga sistemik. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus yang spesifik dibedakan menjadiacute cutaneous lupus eryhtematosus, subacute cutaneous lupus eryhematosus (SCLE), dan discoid lupuserythematosus. Deteksi dini penyakit masih merupakan tantangan, karena LE dikenal sebagai “thegreat imitators”. Kasus, perempuan, usia 8 tahun dengan riwayat bercak merah pada wajah, danpunggung, disertai demam berulang. Lesi kulit berupa makula dan papul yang berkembang menjadilesi papuloskuamosa dan beberapa lesi anular. Pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan pola reaksilikenoid sesuai SCLE. Pada kasus juga memenuhi kriteria sebagai lupus eritematosus sistemik.Penatalaksanaan meliputi terapi definitif berupa kortikosteroid sistemik dan topikal, terapi suportif,simtomatis, dan pada kasus didapatkan respon terapi yang baik. [MEDICINA 2015;46:130-4].Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune disease that has wide range clinical variation, fromlimited to the skin until systemic manifestation.There are three form of spesific cutaneous lupuserythematosus; acute cutaneous lupus eryhtematosus, subacute cutaneous lupus eryhematosus (SCLE),and discoid lupus erythematosus. Early detection of LE is still challenging consider LE known as”thegreat imitators”. Case, 8 years old girl, with a red patch on her face, back and extremities, accompaniedby recurring fever. Skin lesion present as erythematous maculae and papule, that evolve intopapulosquamous lesion and few with anular shape. Histopathology examination show lichenoid reactionreveal SCLE. The patient also meet the ACR’s criteria for the classification of SLE. Therapy givenweredefinitive therapy including systemic and topical corticosteroid, suportif and symptomatic therapyalso. The case show good response to these therapy. [MEDICINA 2015;46:130-4].
PREVALENSI DAN KARAKTERISTIK PENGHENTIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA BAYI USIA 6 BULAN PERTAMA Maharani, Ni Luh Putu; Lanang Sidiartha, I Gusti
Medicina Vol 44 No 2 (2013): Mei 2013
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Manfaat air susu ibu (ASI) sudah diketahui masyarakat luas namun menurut survei demografi dankesehatan Indonesia tahun 2003 hanya 14% bayi usia 4-5 bulan yang diberi ASI secara eksklusif.Alasan ibu menghentikan pemberian ASI anak sebelum usia 6 bulan sangat berbeda-beda tergantungkarakteristik ibu. Belum ada data terbaru tentang alasan penghentian ASI eksklusif. Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan karakteristik penghentian ASI eksklusif. Penelitian inimerupakan penelitian deskriptif potong lintang dengan subyek bayi dan anak usia 6 bulan-24 bulanyang berkunjung ke Poliklinik RS Sanglah Denpasar pada periode September 2011-Desember 2011.Selama periode penelitian terdapat 108 bayi dan anak yang berkunjung ke Poliklinik RS Sanglah.Prevalensi penghentian ASI eksklusif pada penelitian ini 63 (58%). Alasan penghentian ASI eksklusifadalah bayi tidak puas dengan pemberian ASI saja 21 (33,3%), produksi ASI tidak cukup 17 (27,0%),ASI tidak keluar 11 (17,5%), kesulitan bayi dalam menyusu 8 (12,7%), ibu sakit dan harus meminumobat 4 (6,3%), dan luka atau lecet pada payudara 2 (3,2%). Penghentian ASI terbanyak didapatkanpada usia 0 bulan. Alasan menghentikan ASI eksklusif terbanyak adalah bayi tidak puas denganpemberian ASI saja. [MEDICINA 2013;44:82-86].
THE ROLE OF GROWTH HORMONE IN LIPID METABOLISM Dewi Ratnayanti, I Gusti Ayu
Medicina Vol 43 No 3 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) is one of the hormones that regulate metabolism, including lipid metabolism. GH can regulate the amount of fat in the tissue and also the level of lipid profile. Growth hormone affects the lipid in the tissue and blood by modulating the lipid metabolism, especially through the regulation of synthesis, excretion and breakdown of internal lipids. Research showed that GH could consistently lower the level of total cholesterol and LDL, whereas its effect on triglyceride and HDL level showed varying results. Growth hormone induces lypolisis by stimulating the activity of HSL and LPL and thereby influenced the triglyceride level and tissue fat storage. Cholesterol and lipoprotein levels are controlled by regulating the synthesis of cholesterol by lowering the activity of HMGCoA reductase. The excretion of cholesterol through the bile is also enhanced by stimulating the activity of enzymes C7?OH. The breakdown of VLDL and LDL are enhanced by increasing the expression of LDL receptor and ApoE as well as affecting the editing of mRNA ApoB100. Increase activity of LPL is also known to be the important factor in the HDL metabolism
kognitif, MMSE, hemoglobin, hemodialisis reguler Wiradharma, Ketut Gede; Suwitra, Ketut; Widiana, I Gede Raka
Medicina Vol 47 No 3 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Gangguan fungsi kognitif merupakan masalah umum pada penyandang hemodialisis (HD) reguler. Belum jelas adanya kaitan antara penurunan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dengan terjadinya penurunan fungsi kognitif pada penyandang HD reguler. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar Hb dan fungsi kognitif pada penyandang HD reguler di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Sanglah Denpasar. Penelitian berupa studi potong lintang analitik. Kriteria inklusi ialah penyandang HD reguler di RSUP Sanglah hingga Juli 2013, berusia 18-80 tahun, pendidikan minimal sekolah dasar atau sederajat, mengerti bahasa indonesia, bisa membaca dan menulis, kooperatif, dan bersedia ikut dalam penelitian. Kriteria eksklusi ialah dalam kondisi penurunan kesadaran akut, gangguan penglihatan atau pendengaran, riwayat stroke, trauma kepala, epilepsi, dan penggunaan obat penenang. Dari 56 sampel, karakteristik data didapatkan pria sebanyak 37 orang (66,1%) dan wanita 19 orang (33,9%), rerata umur (simpang baku/SB) 47,8 (14,3) tahun, lama HD (lama minimum-maksimum) 19,5 (4-131) bulan, kadar Hb (SB) 9,5 (2,02) g/dl, nilai mini mental state examination (MMSE) (nilai minimum-maksimum) 27,5 (19-30). Analisis dengan korelasi Spearman, antara kadar Hb dan MMSE didapatkan nilai r=0,13 dan P=0,18. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi lemah tidak bermakna antara kadar Hb dan fungsi kognitif pada penyandang HD reguler di RSUP Sanglah.
SINDROM RAMSAY HUNT Astari, Ni Luh Indri; Sudana, I Wayan; Wulan, Sari
Medicina Vol 45 No 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Medicina

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Abstract

Sindrom Ramsay Hunt atau herpes  zoster  otikus merupakan neuropati akut  saraf  fasialis perifermengenai daun telinga, liang telinga dan atau mukosa orofaring. Terjadinya infeksi pada gangliongenikulatum oleh human herpes virus 3 atau varicella-zoster virus. Insiden sindrom Ramsay Huntsekitar 10-15% dari seluruh kasus paralisis  fasialis akut. Dilaporkan satu kasus sindrom RamsayHunt dengan paresis nervus fasialis sinistra lesi setinggi ganglion genikulatum, saat datang kekuatanmotorik 20% dengan House Brackmann IV. Penderita diberi terapi metilprednisolon, mekobalamin,betahistin mesilat, flunarizin. Bagian kulit kelamin memberikan terapi asam mefenamat, kompresNacl  0,9%,  dan  gentamisin  salep. Fisioterapi  oleh  bagian  rehabilitasi medis. Terapi  bagian Mataantara  lain  tarsoterapi  temporer,  gentamisin  salep mata,  dan  cendo  lyters  tetes mata.  Setelahmendapatkan terapi selama hampir 2 bulan, didapatkan perbaikan dengan kekuatan motorik 76%dengan House Brackmann II. [MEDICINA 2014;45:199-203].

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