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Konversi
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 23023686     EISSN : 25413481     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 263 Documents
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Quality of cow dung composting fertilizer with additional starter solution of cow rumen contents Nurdiansyah, Amirul; Pribadi, Arqowi; Suprayogi, Dedy; Karami, Abdillah Akmal
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.14357

Abstract

RPH Kedurus produces livestock solid waste in the form of cow dung as much as 750 kg/day and the content of cow rumen is 2 tons/day. The livestock solid waste can be processed by turning it into compost using the takakura composting method. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the compost according to the specified parameters (temperature, pH, moisture content, organic c, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and the C/N ratio) and to determine the dose of use of a good cow rumen content solution to produce compost according to the quality standard of SNI 19-7030-2004. In this study, the treatments used were P0 with a composition of 3 kg of cow dung and 1 kg of rice husks, P1 with a composition of P0 and 100 mL of starter solution of cow rumen contents, P2 with a composition of P0 and 200 mL of starter solution of cow rumen contents, and P3 with a composition of P0 and 300 mL of starter solution for bovine rumen contents. Overall, the characteristics produced by the four treatments met the quality standards, while the optimum dosage for the use of rumen contents was found in treatment P2 with the use of 200 mL of starter bovine rumen contents and produced a temperature of 29 °C, pH 7.4, water content 14.2%, C. -organic 67 %, nitrogen 4.26 %, phosphorus P2O5 0.37 %, potassium K2O 2.21 %, and C/N ratio 15.7. The compost fertilizer produced can be used as an alternative organic fertilizer to be developed.
Production of biogas from coffee husk waste with rumen fluid and mixture of rumen fluid and cow dung Anwar, Hasrul; Ulya, Ridho; Djana, Miftahul; Mayasari, Rizka
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.15810

Abstract

Coffee is the second largest traded commodity in the world and also produces by-products and residues. Coffee husk waste is an abundant lignocellulosic material and has the potential to be used as raw material for biogas production. This study compared the production of biogas from coffee husk using rumen fluid with a mixture of rumen fluid and cow dung. In the pretreatment process using ethanol, the waste consisted of 65.90% cellulose, 24.95% hemicellulose, 0.21% lignin, 2.16% pectin, 1.08% protein, 3.11% tannins, 0.91% caffeine, and 3.78% polyphenols. The decrease in TS (total solid) and VS (volatile solid) values for C-RC (coffee-rumen fluid-cow dung) was greater than for C-R (coffee-rumen fluid) as 32.20% and 42.47% were obtained for C-RC, while the values for C-R were 19.32% and 38.37 The VFA (volatile fatty acids) values for C-R and C-RC were 1.09% and 2.24%. The biogas produced for C-R was CH4 of 14.4%, CO2 of 13.75%, and H2 of 0.59%, while that for C-RC consisted of CH4 of 22.3%, CO2 of 4.11%, and H2 of 0.36%. The yield of biogas for C-R was 0.48 Nm3/(kg COD removal) and for C-RC was 1.95 Nm3 /(kg COD removal).
Performance of diesel engine with biodiesel fuel from cooking oil Marlinda, Marlinda; Suparno, Suparno; Ramli, Ramli; Irwan, M.; Yandi, M. K.
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.15098

Abstract

Biodiesel from used cooking oil is a very potential material to replace diesel fuel. Besides being cheap, it can also reduce waste. The purpose of the study was to determine the performance of the Nissan SD22 diesel engine on the use of biodiesel as fuel and the optimum composition of biodiesel and diesel mixtures. The results of the diesel engine performance show that a high rotational speed of 2800 rpm could produce a torque of 112 N.m at B10, while the results for the power parameter at a rotational speed of 2750 rpm produced a large power of 33.46 KW for B10. As for fuel consumption for a rotation speed of 2750 rpm, B10 fuel provided 0.293 kg/(kW.hour) of specific fuel while Pertamina Dex requires 0.310 kg/(kW.hour) of specific fuel, meaning that the use of B10 saved 5.48% more than B10. As for fuel consumption for a rotation speed of 2750 rpm, B10 fuel provides 0.293 kg/kW.hour of specific fuel while Pertamina Dex requires 0.310 kg/kW.hour of specific fuel, meaning that the use of B10 saves 5.48% more than B10. Biodiesel B10 is able to provide good performance for use as a diesel engine fuel. The resulting gas emissions are smaller than diesel emissions. This proves that biodiesel is an environmentally friendly fuel.
Catalytic cracking of crude palm oil using Cr/palm shell charcoal impregnation catalyst Suryadri, Hadistya; Juanda, Adrisma; Nazarudin, Nazarudin
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.15893

Abstract

The study of synthesizing Cr/activated palm shell charcoal catalyst by impregnation method has been done. Cr/Activated Charcoal was made using variation of chromium concentration (1%, 2% and 3%). Change in diffraction pattern in XRD analysis for charcoal before modification and after modification showed chromium has been successfully impregnated to the catalyst. The higher the chromium compound concentration used, the greater %-weight of chromium in the catalyst. It was found that the use of Cr-2%/Charcoal catalyst was able to increase the percentage of cracking liquid yield at the temperature of 550oC  as much as 62,44% compared to the percentage of liquid yield from thermal cracking was 60,1% at the same temperature. It was also observed, using the Cr/Charcoal catalyst from impregnation method is more effective than catalyst from ion exchange method. However, the density of the cracking liquid yield is not yet close to the standard density range for fuel. 
Effect of Si/Al molar ratio on zeolite synthesis from nipah leaf and used canned aluminium Rizkia Putri, Arsita Nur; Fadlilah, Ilma; Prasadi, Oto
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.16985

Abstract

Silica and alumunium are the main sources in the manufacture of synthetic zeolite which will be engineered in such a way that it contains the same character as natural zeolite. The silica content in Nipah leaf waste is 26,28 % and the alumunium content in used cans is 53,09 %, it has the potential to be the main ingredient in zeolite synthesis. This study aims to determine the effect of Si/Al molar ratio on synthetic zeolite characteristics. Making zeolite is done by mixing silica and alumunium as well as the zeolite crystallization process using a hydrothermal reactor. Characterization of zeolite was carried out by morphological analysis and elemental composition using SEM-EDX and functional group analysis using FTIR. The results of SEM-EDX show the morphology and composition of zeolite forming elements included in low sillica zeolite, and FTIR results show functional groups of synthetic zeolite in the form of double rings at wavevumbers 500 – 650 cm-1, and the presence of zeolite finger prints at wavenumbers 700 – 1100 cm-1.
Characterization of corn starch edible films by the addition of chitosan as a vegetable oil packaging material Wicakso, Doni Rahmat; Fortuna, Dwi; Hernadin, Ivan Aldino; Nuryoto, Nuryoto; Rumbino, Yusuf; Damayanti, Astrilia
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.15959

Abstract

Abstract - Vegetable oil packaging materials use a type of synthetic polymer that is harmful to the body and the environment. Edible film as an environmentally friendly packaging material can be a solution for vegetable oil packaging material. Edible films are made from natural ingredients such as starch and chitosan. The objective of this study is to determine the best conditions of addition of chitosan in making edible film in terms of its physio-chemicals and determine the best glycerol concentration in terms of its physical properties. The composition of raw materials in the form of corn starch is 5 grams and the composition of chitosan is (0,5%, 1% and 1,5% b/v). Glycerol concentrations vary in (4%, 5% and 6% v/v). the result of the analysis of the physical properties of the edible film through the analysis of the physical tensile strength test, namely the best composition on the addition of 1 gr chitosan as well as the elongation analysis at termination. Analysis of the solubility of the edible film at a concentration of 1 gr as well the analysis of water vapor permeability. Whereas the analysis of the best antioxidant capacity in the composition of chitosan is 1,5 gr. Keywords: corn starch, chitosan, edible film  
Method validation of Pb metal analysis in laboratory waste on phytoremediation of water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) with UV-Vis spectrophotometry Malina, Lina; Kamelia, Yayan
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.17051

Abstract

Along with the rapid development of the times, the need for energy is also increasing. Fossil energy in Indonesia reaches 95% of Indonesia’s energy needs. For this reason, it is necessary to find a solution to overcome this, one of which is using renewable energy which must also be environmentally friendly. One alternative energy that has been discovered and is still being developed is biofuel. One of the raw materials that can be used for the production of biofuels is the microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. This study aimed to determine the effect of operating time on %yield and FFA of the biofuel produced and the effect of loading catalyst on %yield and FFA of the resulting biofuel. The highest %yield of crude and the lowest FFA were found at a reaction time of 3 hours and a catalyst loading of 0,45 %wt of 47,981 and 0,064 and the lowest %yield of crude and the highest FFA were at a reaction time of 1 hour with a catalyst loading of1 hour with a catalyst loading of 0,4 %wt of 25,730% and 0,133.
Conversion of waste polypropilene (pp) using the zeolite Ni/ZSM-5 to liquid fuel Thahir, Ramli; Kusuma, Imam Fatwa; Aprilia, Nursyam; Alam, Ahmad Noor; Halim, Abd; Alwathan, Alwathan; Marlinda, Marlinda; Kurniawan, Andri; Puspasari, Febriyati; Rahman, Abdul; Irwan, Muh
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.15972

Abstract

Fuel oil from plastic waste is a promising alternative fuel because of its carbon chaincharacteristics and physical properties which is similar to the crude oil. In addition, the demand for plastic is still increasing which eventually becomes plastic waste. The aim of this study was to determine the quality and application of liqui0d oil produced by pyrolysis catalytic cracking assisted Ni/ZSM-5 from polypropylene (PP) plastic waste. The obtained products were liquid, gas, and char. The optimal yield of fuel oil at 390oC was 239 ml of fuel oil/250 g of PP with a conversion of 79.20 %,wt (72%, liquid and 7.20% gas) and the remaining product was char. The characteristics of the fuel oil products are in the range of gasoline and kerosene fuel types. The average yield value of oAPI in the range of 51-42 for kerosene-type fuel in trays 1 and 2. Furthermore, gasoline-type fuel was resulted in trays 3 and 4 with oAPI value in the range of 52-63.
Making methane gas from CO2 using Ni/Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed bed reactor Yuliani, Tasya Dwi; Junaidi, Robert; Meidinariasty, Anerasari
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.17111

Abstract

CO2 emissions are one component of greenhouse gases, it is estimated that around 18.35 billion tons of CO2 are released every year (Sulistyono, 2012). This is because the world economy is recovering from the Covid-19 crisis by relying on coal. Based on IEA data, CO₂ emissions from energy combustion and industrial processes accounted for almost 89% of the energy sector's greenhouse gas emissions in 2021, while CO2 emissions from gas combustion contributed 0.7%. One way to reduce CO₂ in the atmosphere is by converting CO2 and using it into chemicals, for example hydrogenating CO2 into methane. The aim of this research is to create a fixed bed reactor for CO₂ methanation so as to reduce carbon dioxide pollution, while the research will use a Ni catalyst with alumina support (AL2O3)2. In this research, CO₂ was used as a raw material with a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. Methane gas produced from carbon dioxide using a fixed bed reactor is a little at 1.34% Vol with a flow rate of 0.3 L/m and a concentration of 1 M to 9.25% Vol with a flow rate of 0.1 L/m and a concentration of 3 M for 60 minutes at a temperature of 55°????.
Chemical composition study of coal ash content as potential material Karmaili, Karmaili; Elma, Muthia; Wianto, Totok; Mizwar, Andy
Konversi Vol 12, No 2 (2023): OKTOBER 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i2.16592

Abstract

Coal in Indonesia is used as fuel for power plants to support the availability of electricity. Besides that, several industries such as the cement, paper, textile, and fertilizer also use coal as fuel for production process. Due to that the coal waste such as ash was generating as increasing coal usage. Therefore, further research was carried out to investigate ash content and chemical composition of coal with various types of calories in the South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. In addition, this study provides information about management and potential processing of coal ash so that environmental pollution able to minimized. The method used to obtain primary data to determine the content of each parameter is by direct testing on each parameter for variations in the type of coal calorie. As a result, coal with low to high value has a percentage of ash content, respectively 2.5%; 2.3% and 9.7% and mineral content, respectively 77.40%; 0,96% and 95.06%. As well as the chemical composition of coal for SiO2, respectively 26.56%; 30;50% and 58.76%, Al2O3 respectively 11.14%, 12.41% and 28.86%, Fe2O3 respectively 16.12%, 16.40% and 4.24%. CaO and TiO2 respectively 0.50%, 0.64% and 1.53%. The results obtained, namely the value of ash content and the amount of minerals show an increase in each variation of the type of coal calories as well as the economic value shows a graph that always increases.

Page 23 of 27 | Total Record : 263

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