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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pati Dan Jenis Pelarut Pada Modifikasi Pati Menggunakan Metode Presipitasi Terhadap Sifat Fisik Pati Uwi Putih (Dioscorea Alata) Ulyarti Ulyarti; M Mursyid; N Nazarudin; Junri anton Situmorang
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jtpa.26.1.17-26.2022

Abstract

Uwi memiliki kandungan pati cukup tinggi dengan ukuran granula pati cukup besar berada pada kisaran 25-45μm.  Ukuran granula pati diketahui berpengaruh terhadap aplikasi pati dalam industri. Ukuran granula pati yang kecil lebih disukai karena memiliki rasio luas permukaan terhadap volume yang besar sehingga meningkatkan interaksinya dengan komponen lain dalam sistem pangan.    Untuk mendapatkan granula pati yang berukuran lebih kecil dapat dilakukan modifikasi dengan menggunakan metode presipitasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi pati dan jenis pelarut terhadap sifat fisik pati uwi putih yang dimodifikasi menggunakan metode presipitasi serta untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi pati yang dapat menghasilkan pati modifikasi dengan ukuran paling kecil.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 tahap yaitu ekstraksi pati uwi, modifikasi pati uwi dengan metode presipitasi.  Penelitian ini didesain menggunakan 3 taraf konsentrasi pati yaitu 1%, 3%, dan 5% dengan 2 jenis pelarut berbeda yaitu pelarut akuades dan pelarut campuran akuades dan etanol dengan perbandingan 1:1.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelarut akuades menghasilkan pati modifikasi dengan karakteristik terbaik dan konsentrasi  pati pada taraf 3 % menghasilkan pati modifikasi dengan ukuran terkecil yaitu (3.848- 33.273 μm), rendemen tertinggi (87,11% ± 0,18), swelling Power sebesar 18,91 (65oC), dan 21,89 (85oC), Solubility sebesar 1,08% (65oC), dan 0,55%  (85oC), Nilai daya serap air tertinggi (995%) dan daya serap minyak tertinggi (617,5%).
MODIFIKASI PATI UWI KUNING (DIOSCOREA ALATA) MENGGUNAKAN METODE PRESIPITASI SERTA APLIKASINYA UNTUK EDIBLE FILM N Panjaitan; U Ulyarti; M Mursyid; N Nazarudin
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Andalas Vol 23, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (821.194 KB) | DOI: 10.25077/jtpa.23.2.196-204.2019

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi pati yang dapat menghasilkan pati modifikasi dengan ukuran paling kecil serta untuk mengetahui karakteristik edible film yang dibuat dari pati alami dan edible film dari pati komposit yaitu pati alami ditambah pati modifikasi berukuran lebih kecil.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 3 tahap yaitu ekstraksi pati uwi, modifikasi pati uwi dengan metode presipitasi dan pembuatan edible film dari pati alami dan pati komposit.  Penelitian ini didesain untuk menghasilkan pati modifikasi dengan menggunakan 5 taraf konsentrasi pati yaitu 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% dan 5%.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan konsentrasi 3% menghasilkan ukuran partikel pati terkecil (0,888 × 1,313μm sampai dengan 13,334 × 24,701μm) dengan rendemen pati sebesar 75%.  Edible film yang dibuat dari pati komposit memiliki karakterisktik yang berbeda dengan Edible film dari pati alami saja.  Edible film dari pati komposit menghasilkan nilai ketebalan yang lebih tinggi (0,17± 0,004 mm), kelarutan yang lebih rendah (27,12 ± 6,92 %), transparansi yang lebih rendah (10,37 ± 0,23 %/mm) dan laju transimisi uap air (WVTR) yang lebih rendah 21,2766 g/m2jam dari pada edible film dari pati alami saja.
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF YAM (Dioscorea Alata) STARCH EDIBLE FILM Ulyarti Ulyarti; E. Maryana; I. Rahmayani; Nazarudin Nazarudin; Susilawati Susilawati; Aris Doyan
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol. 5 No. 1 (2019): January
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v5i1.174

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the physical, mechanical and barrier properties of yam starch edible film. This research used Randomized Block Design (RAK).grouping the cultivar into 2, white and purple water yam. The starch concentration used were 1,33%, 2%, 2,67%, dan 3,33%.The results showed that the two cultivars produced similar properties of edible film.  The concentration of water yam starch affected transparency, thickness, water vapour transmision rate (WVTR) and compressive streght of edible film, but did not affect its solubility in water. The starch concentration of 2.67% was found to be the most appropriate concentration which produce edible film with thickness 0.12 to 0.13 mm, transparency 12.42 to 13.24%/mm, solubility 84.36 to 86.60%, water vapor transmission rate 1.16 x10-2 to 1.08 x10-2 g/sec/m2, and compressive strenght 48.10 to 49.35 N/m2Keywords:Edible Film, Water Yam, Cultivars, Starch concentration
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ACTIVATED CARBON OVER CATALYTIC CRACKING OF CRUDE PALM OIL Nazarudin Nazarudin; Ulyarti Ulyarti; Oky Alfernando; Ira Galih; Susilawati Susilawati; Aris Doyan
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol. 5 No. 1 (2019): January
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v5i1.175

Abstract

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature in carbon production on its performance in the catalystic cracking of CPO to fuel.  The carbon was produced using palm shell at 2 different temperatures (450 and 550oC).  The cracking of CPO was carried out with and without the active carbon catalyst.  The result showed that the use of catalyst increase the conversion of both gas and liquid conversion.  The use of higher temperature in the production of active carbon catalyst increased the performance of the catalyst, in particular, for the liquid conversion. Keywords :Activated carbon, catalyst, catalytic cracking, crude palm oil
Thermal Pyrolysis of Used Lubricant and Cooking Oil Mixtures Nazarudin Nazarudin; S.P. Amalia; Afrida Afrida; Ulyarti Ulyarti
Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA Vol. 7 No. 2 (2021): April
Publisher : Postgraduate, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jppipa.v7i2.645

Abstract

Pyrolysis is the one solution to recycle hydrocarbon-based waste material such as used lubricant and cooking oil. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of temperature and sample ratio on the liquid yields of a mixture of used lubricant and cooking oil. The semi batch reactor was used with a constant nitrogen flow rate of 5 mL/min. Three different ratios of sample mixture were applied in this experiment: 0.5:1, 1:1, and 1.5:1, and three different temperatures: 4000C, 4500C, and 5000C. The thermal pyrolysis of a mixture of used lubricant and cooking oil was deemed as the most effective pyrolysis to produce liquid fraction was obtained from reaction condition with the sample mixture ratio of 0.5:1 at 5000C. At this reaction condition, the liquid yield was 58.90% which consist of 64.12% were C1-C3 and 29.54% were C5-C15.  Liquid fraction is predicted to increase as the temperature increase and the ratio of used lubricant to cooking oil decrease. When the ratio is increased , more gas fraction is produced.
Processing Mixture of Polypropylene (PP) Plastic Waste and Palm Fiber Waste into Alternative Fuels Ibnatun Rif'ah; Rosyani Rosyani; Nazarudin Nazarudin
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 7, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v7.i2.80

Abstract

AbstractThe increasing accumulation of plastic and industrial biomass wastes, as well as the declining reserves of petroleum as an energy source, have become significant topics of discussion. Therefore, this research aims to determine alternative energy sources in the form of fuel derived from cracking a mixture of Polypropylene (PP) plastic and palm fiber (SKS) waste. It also aims to determine the quantity and quality of the derived products. The cracking process with a catalyst to feed ratio of 1:10 and a time of 40 minutes led to the highest % conversion Cracking Result Liquid (CHP) product of 48.08% with the variation condition of PP to SKS ratio of 1.5:1 at a temperature of 500°C. The GC-MS analysis results showed that the % area of the CHP product contains fuels, such as gasoline (32.97%), kerosene (5.36%), and diesel (2.24%).Keywords: Cracking, Polypropylene, plastic waste, palm fiber, alternative energi Abstrak (Indonesian)Meningkatnya akumulasi limbah, baik itu sampah plastik maupun limbah biomassa hasil industri, serta menurunnya cadangan minyak bumi sebagai sumber enegi, menjadi topik masalah yang cukup signifikan untuk dibahas dan dicarikan solusinya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan mencari sumber energi alternatif berupa bahan bakar yang berasal dari perengkahan campuran sampah plastik jenis PP (Polypropylene) dan limbah biomassa serabut kelapa sawit (SKS), serta mengetahui kuantitas dan kualitas produk yang dihasilkan. Perengkahan yang dilakukan dengan perbandingan katalis dan umpan 1:10 dan waktu 40 menit, menghasilkan %konversi produk CHP (Cairan Hasil Perengkahan) tertinggi sebesar 48,08% dengan kondisi variasi rasio PP:SKS adalah 1,5:1 dan suhu 500°C. Hasil analisa GC-MS menunjukkan % area produk CHP tersebut mengandung bahan bakar seperti bensin (32,97%), minyak tanah (5,36%) dan solar (2,24%). Kata Kunci : Perengkahan, Polypropylene, sampah plastik, serabut kelapa sawit, energi alternatif
Catalytic Cracking of Methyl Ester from Used-Cooking Oil Using Ni-Impregnated Active Charcoal Catalyst Nazarudin Nazarudin; Ulyarti Ulyarti; Oki Alfernando; Yogie Yogendra Hans
Reaktor Volume 22 No. 1 April 2022
Publisher : Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (40.96 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/reaktor.22.1.21-27

Abstract

Current petroleum energy sources have been starting to diminish along with the increasing a demand in industries and transportations. In the next few years Indonesia is predicted to experience a fuel crisis. One way to solve this problem is to find the alternative energy sources from renewable raw materials. This study was conducted to obtain alternative renewable energy sources through catalytic cracking of used cooking oil-derived methyl ester into biofuel using active charcoal catalyst.  The active charcoal was made out of solid waste (shells) of the oil palm industry. Nickel solutions of varying concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%) ware impregnated into active charcoal to produce the Ni- charcoal catalyst. This catalyst was then used for catalytic cracking of methyl esters with variations in the reaction temperature of 400oC, 450oC and 500oC. The Methyl ester was produced from filtered used-cooking oil by transesterification method. SEM-EDX analysis showed that Nickel metal was successfully embedded into active charcoal where the highest concentration of Nickel (18.4%) was found at a impregnation treatment using 2% of Nickel solution. From the SEM image, it can also be seen that the catalyst produced unique pores. The gravimetric analysis of the catalytic cracking product showed that the highest fraction of oil liquid resulting from catalytic cracking at 400oC using Ni-charcoal catalyst impregnated with 3% Nickel solution.
Development of Yam-Starch-Based Bioplastics with the Addition of Chitosan and Clove Oil Ulyarti, Ulyarti; Lavlinesia, Lavlinesia; Surhaini, Surhaini; Siregar, Nurainun; Tomara, Anggel; Lisani, Lisani; Nazarudin, Nazarudin
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 25, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The potency of yam starch (Dioscorea alata) as film-forming material together with the potency of chitosan and clove oil as antibacterial materials has led the authors to produce active bioplastics based on these materials. This research was performed to determine the effect of chitosan and clove oil on the physical, mechanical, and barrier properties of yam starch’s active bioplastics. The best bioplastics produced were further tested for their antimicrobiological properties. This study used a completely randomized design with five levels of chitosan concentration (1%, 1.2%, 1.4%, 1.6%, and 1.8%) and five levels of clove oil concentration (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, and 1.5%). Each treatment was repeated four times. The results showed that the concentrations of chitosan and clove oil had a significant effect on the thickness and water vapor transmission rate of film but did not affect its solubility and compressive strength much. The use of 1% chitosan or 1.5% clove oil produced biofilms with the lowest water vapor transmission rate. Both plastics also exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with chitosan bioplastics having a larger inhibition zone than that of clove oil bioplastics.
Functional Properties of Purple Water Yam Flour Modified by Lactobacillus plantarum Ulyarti, Ulyarti; Yulia, Ade; Nazarudin, Nazarudin; Armando, Yunta Gombang; Erawaty, Lela
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 25, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Purple water yam flour modified by Lactobacillus plantarum fermentation may be used as an ingredient in flour-based functional food. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of fermentation time on the functional properties of purple water yam flour modified using L. plantarum. This research used a randomized block design with six treatments: without fermentation (control) and 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h of fermentation. Results showed that lactic acid bacteria initially grow well with increasing viability over 48 h of fermentation. Growth and viability rates began to decrease as the organisms entered the declining or dying phase. Statistical analysis showed that fermentation time affects the solubility at 75 °C, chromatic color values L* and b*, and antioxidant activity of flour. Fermentation for 36 h produced the best modified purple water yam flour with an antioxidant activity of 69.82%, bulk density of 0.817 g/mL, water absorption capacity of 3.31 g/g, oil absorption capacity of 1.20 g/g, solubility of 0.45%, L* of 80.33, a* of 16.33, and b* of −5.33. The results indicate that purple water yam flour modified by L. plantarum fermentation for 36 h could be developed as a functional food ingredient.
IMPROVING EDIBLE FILM QUALITY USING MODIFIED WATER YAM (Dioscorea alata L) STARCH Ulyarti; Indriyani; Rahayu Suseno; Siti Nursela; Hesti Megawati; Irma Rahmayani; Nazarudin
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol. 23 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (807.168 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtp.2022.023.02.1

Abstract

             The existed edible films made of water yam starch tend to have a low quality which is indicated by high WVTR value and low mechanical strength. Addition of modified starch can decrease the WVTR value and improve the mechanical properties. The purpose of this study is to obtain the ratio of starch paste volume to ethanol volume which produces modified water yam starch and to improve the quality of the edible film by adding modified water yam starch. This research was conducted in 2 stages, which are the modification of water yam starch using the precipitation method and the making of edible films using several levels of modified water yam starch concentration. The first stage of the study was designed to produce modified starch using the treatment of the ratio of starch paste volume to ethanol volume. There are 5 treatment ratios used, which were 1:5, 1:7.5, 1:10, 1:12.5, and 1:15. The results showed that the different ratios of starch paste volume to ethanol volume resulted in different sizes of modified starches. The ethanol volume ratio of 1:5 resulted in a granular starch with the most damage in its morphology, and the smallest particle size detected was 1.135x1.767 µ, with the yield of modified starch was 80.5%. The addition of modified water yam starch of as much as 20%, which was modified using a ratio of paste volume to ethanol volume of 1:5, succeeded in improving the quality of the edible film of water yam starch by reducing the value of the water vapor transmission rate and increasing the compressive compressive strength.
Co-Authors -, Maison AA Sudharmawan, AA Abu Bakar Abu Bakar Achmad, E Adang, Ferry Ade Yulia Afreni Hamidah Afrida Afrida Agus Ari Setiawansyah Agus Salim Agus Salim Agustini, Yetty Ahmad Syadzali Amalia, Rahma Andi Aderus Andrilolo, Andrilolo Arafi Satria Nugraha Ardina, V Aris Doyan Aris Doyan Asep Bambang Susanto asih, yekti purwo Asni Johari Asrial Asyhar, R Balqis Rahmatullah Putri Bilady, Royhan Darmiyati Dedi Gusriadi Degirmenci, Volkan Deni Irawan Dewantara, Dede Dian Wulansari Dian Wulansari Dwina, Dila Oktarise Dyah Kumalasari E. Maryana Edy Panda Erawaty, Lela Ervan Johan Wicaksana Evita Anggereini Firdaus Muhammad FITRY TAFZI Friani, Desi Gusriadi, Dedi Hadi Nur Hadistya Suryadri Hesti Megawati Hutwan Syarifuddin I. Rahmayani Ibnatun Rif'ah Ilham Falani Indra Agung Pratama Indra Indra Indriyani Indriyani, I Iqbal Ridho Juliandri Ira Galih Ira Galih Prabasari Irma Rahmayani Irma Rahmayani Ismail, Gurawan Dayona Juanda, Adrisma Jumardi Budiman Junri anton Situmorang Kanto, Rizky Khusnelia, Jeni Kurniaty, Dwi Lai, Sin Yuan Lavlinesia Lavlinesia Lavlinesia, lavlinesia Leny Marlinda Lisani Lisani, Lisani M. Rizki Mahardini, Angger Putri Mahmuddin Mahmuddin Marlinda, Leny Muhammad Agus Muljanto Mukhamad Nurhadi, Mukhamad Mundarti, Sri Murdia, Agus Miranda Mursalin, M Mursyid . Mursyid Mursyid N Panjaitan Nawahdani, Ahmad Mansur Ninada Ninada Nova Andriani Nova Kafrita Nur Wulandari Nursela, S Oki Alfernando Pamungkas, Putra Panda, Edy Pratami, Tesy Putri Sakinah Harahap Putri, Niken Tasya Clara Ra'ida Raudhatussya'rifah Rahayu Suseno Rahmawati, Medina Alia Rahmayani, I Ramadani, Suci Putri Rara Ayu Lestary Recky, Recky Ria Amelia Yolanda Rifqi Oktarianda Rizky Kanto Rosmawati Sipayung Rosyani Rulaini, Melati S.P. Amalia Said Sanimubarak Al'qudusi Salsabila Setyaningsih Seftiananda Pratama Septikasari, Anisa Nur Septina Yuri Cahyati Silvi Leila Rahmi Siregar, Nurainun Siti Nursela Soerja Koesnarpadi Sri Widiyawati Sulistiana, Ika Putri Sunarno Sunarno Surhaini Surhaini, Surhaini Suripto Dwi Yuwono SUSENO, JOKO Susilawati - Teguh Wirawan, Teguh Tezar, Muhammad Tomara, Anggel Ulyarti Wahyu Ningrum, Wulan Wahyudi Zahar Widyaningsih, Atria Tiffany Widyastuti, Nita Winda Ananda Wirhanuddin, Wirhanuddin Y. G. Armando Yani, Zunarta YG Armando Yogie Yogendra Hans Yuana yuana, Yuana Yuniar Ponco Prananto Yusfi, Liza Aulia Zunarta Yani