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Berkala Kedokteran
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 14120550     EISSN : 25485660     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.20527
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Berkala Kedokteran is a journal contains scientific articles from original research and literature review in medical and health scope. It is published twice in a year, on February and September.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 20, No 1 (2024)" : 13 Documents clear
Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with HIV Infection among Pregnant Antenatal Care Attendees in Limpopo Province, South Africa Boshomane, Itumeleng Tebele; Tshabalala, Kontswi Donald; Mokoena, Oratilwe Penwell; Ntuli, Thembelihle Sam
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18773

Abstract

Early screening for HIV infection provides an opportunity for mother-to-child transmission and optimizes the care of HIV-infected mothers and unborn babies to improve clinical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with HIV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the District Hospital and its feeder community health center of the Limpopo Province (LP), South Africa. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out over 2-months from 01 May 2019 to 30 June 2019.  A consecutive sample of pregnant women who attended antenatal care during the study period was asked to participate. In total, 211 pregnant women participated in this study.  Their mean age was 28.4±5.7 years, ranging from 18 to 41 years.  More than half (56.4%) were aged <30 years old, 51.7% had secondary education, 71.1% were unmarried, and 72.0% were unemployed. The majority (66.4%) of pregnant women had multiple pregnancies and 70.6% were in the third trimester. Few (0.95%, n=2) had a history of alcohol use. The HIV prevalence was 15.2%, and significantly high in illiterate, elementary school-educated and multiparous women. The HIV infection rate in this setting is relatively associated with the level of education and parity. The social risk factors of health in each municipality should be considered when local health authorities implement policies. Women should be continually provided with health education about modes of transmission of HIV prevention particularly those with lower levels of education and reproductive age.
Analysis of Education and Knowledge’s Relationship on Worker Behavior in Waste Processing and Disposal in The Sasirangan Home Industry in Banjarmasin Skripsiana, Nika Sterina; Heriyani, Farida; Nursantari, Widya
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18904

Abstract

Sasirangan is a typical cloth from the South Kalimantan which is produced by the Banjarist people in home industries. The production of sasirangan has a very positive impact on the welfare of Banjarist people. However, the processing and liquid waste resulting from the production process can have a negative impact on workers' health and the environment because it contains synthetic dyes and heavy metals. This is caused by poor worker behavior in processing and disposing of liquid waste from sasirangan cloth. Worker behavior can be related to worker education and knowledge. This research aims to analyze the relationship between education, knowledge and the behavior of sasirangan workers in processing and disposing of waste in the home-based sasirangan industry in Banjarmasin. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach, carried out at 3 (three) sasirangan production locations: Sungai Jingah, Seberang Masjid Village and Surgi Mufti subdistricts. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 30 workers. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and statistical analysis using the Chi Square test with the alternative Fisher Exact Test. The results of data analysis show the p value of the education variables (p=0.032) and knowledge (p=0.049). There is a significant relationship between education and knowledge and worker behavior in processing and disposing of waste in the sasirangan home industry in Banjarmasin. This is in accordance with Lawrence Green's theory, the better the worker's education and knowledge, the better the worker's behavior. The existence of a significant relationship between education and knowledge and workers' behavior in processing and disposing of waste in the sasirangan home industry in Banjarmasin requires follow-up in the form of efforts to increase education and knowledge regarding the processing and disposal of sasirangan waste for workers in the sasirangan home industry in Banjarmasin.
Relationship of Gross Motor Function Classification System Level with The Incidence of Epilepsy Fujianti, Annisa; Hidayah, Nurul; Triawanti, Triawanti; Fakhrurrazy, Fakhrurrazy; Bakhriansyah, Mohammad
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18763

Abstract

Epilepsy is one of the comorbidities or complications that can occur in cerebral palsy (CP) pediatric, the severity of CP can be measured using the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) level. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of GMFCS level with incidence of epilepsy in CP pediatric at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. This research used a cross – sectional method. Subjects were CP pediatric outpatients aged 2-18 years at pediatric polyclinic and medical rehabilitation installation RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Samples were obtained with total sampling technique during September-November 2021. Data were analyzed univariate and bivariate by Fisher’s exact test with a significance level of p <0,005. There were 33 CP pediatric who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The result showed that most of the patients were aged 2-5 years (63,6%), male sex (57,6%), severe GMFCS levels (75,8%) and had epilepsy (66,7%). There was a significant correlation of GMFCS level with incidence epilepsy (p=0,008, PR=3,2). It can be concluded that GMFCS level is associated with incidence epilepsy in CP pediatric at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.
Effect of Heavy Metal Polluted River Water on Body Weight and Hemoglobin Level in White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Hendriyono, Franciscus Xaverius; Devi, Wivina Riza; Rosida, Azma; Hidayat, Taufiq
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18783

Abstract

Contamination of heavy metal on the South Kalimantan River has become a well thrived issue. In the Barito River watershed, it is reported that there are heavy metals in the form of Pb, Hg and Cd. Heavy metals can affect physiological anatomical changes and the hematopoietic system. This study aims to determine the impact of heavy metal contamination on changes in body weight and hemoglobin levels. The research method is a true laboratory experiment using a pre-post-test group design. The subjects used were healthy male white rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 2-6 months and weighing 250-300 gr. The research group was divided into two groups, the control group (K) was a group of experimental animals that were given distilled water while the treatment group (P) was a group of experimental animals that were given water contaminated with heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Hg) ad libitum for 30 days. The results showed that there was no effect of giving Pb metal; 0.01 mg/l = 0.006 mg/kgBW, Cd; 0.003 mg/l = 0.018 mg/kgBW, Hg; 0.001 mg/l = 0.0006 mg/kgBW and Pb+Cd+Hg; 0.006 mg/kgBB + 0.018 mg/kgBB + 0.0006 mg/kgBB on body weight of white rats. There was a significant decrease in Hb levels in white rat hemoglobin after administration of Pb metal; 0.01 mg/l = 0.006 mg/kgBB. Pb metal in water can influence changes in decreasing Hb levels during sub-acute administration. It can be concluded that there was a significant difference in hemoglobin levels before and after giving water containing Pb/lead metal, whereas in the other groups there was no significant difference, as did the Hb levels.
Maternal Complications of Severe Preeclampsia at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang, 2016-2020 Widyadhana, Indra Renata; Sudiat, Muhamad; Fuad, Wijayanti
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18905

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a condition accompanied by hypertension and proteinuria in pregnancy. Preeclampsia is divided into mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia, and superimposed preeclampsia on chronic hypertension. Severe preeclampsia is characterized by systolic pressure ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥110 mmHg, thrombocytopenia (<100,000 µL), and serum creatinine level >1.1 mg/dl or creatinine level increased from normal levels without coexisting kidney disease. Severe preeclampsia can cause several complications for the mother and fetus. Descriptive research with cross sectional design and retrospective approach. Sampling was in the form of medical records; this study used a total sampling method with a population from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020. This research was conducted in February 2022 - March 2022 at Tugurejo Hospital, Semarang. Obtained the results of normal delivery as much as 89.5% and severe preeclampsia as much as 588 10.5%, ideal maternal age as much as 73% and risky maternal age as many as 159 cases 27%. In severe preeclampsia with the ideal age, vaginal delivery 51.0%, multigravidas 64.1%, term delivery age 62.5%, no history of hypertension or severe preeclampsia in previous pregnancies 86.7%, and the most complications was pulmonary edema (2.3%). In severe preeclampsia at risk age, vaginal delivery was 52.8%, multigravida was 86.8%, term delivery was 63.5%, had no history of hypertension or severe preeclampsia in previous pregnancies was 64.2%, and complications the most was pulmonary edema (5.7%). The ratio of normal births to severe preeclampsia is 8:1, severe preeclampsia occurs mostly in women of ideal age,At the ideal age and at risk, the majority are abdominal, multigravida, term deliveries, have no history of hypertension and preeclampsia, and the complications found includepulmonary edema, eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, placental abruption, HELLP syndrome, heart failure, thrombocytopenia, acute renal failure, hepatic rupture, and maternal death.
Cost Minimization Analysis of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patiens at Sultan Suriansyah Hospital January-December 2022 Period Ain, Farah Noor; Aryzki, Saftia; Abdi, Muhammad Mahendra
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18764

Abstract

Diabetes According to WHO (2016) is a serious chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The high cost of treating DM patients is reaching USD 1,500 to 9,000 in developing countries. The difference in costs for oral antidiabetics and the high cost analysis method. This study aims to determine the minimum cost between metformin 500 mg and acarbose 100 mg drugs in Sultan Suriansyah Banjarmasin in adult patients. This research was conducted using a cross-sectional design based on medical records and detail of patient costs in January-December 2022. The number of sample in this study were 39 patients. The statistic analysis used in study is the Mann-Whitney test and the Independent T-Test. The result of the analysis of cost minimization based on the average total cost of therapy are Rp 419,560 for metformin 500ng and Rp 680,922 for acarbose 100 mg with a probability value > 0.05 for the cost of co morbidities which means that there is no significant difference between the two drugs. Probability value < 0.05 for antidiabetic oral drug costs, lab costs and total therapy costs which means the there is a significant difference between the two drugs. Conclusion in this study is aral antidiabetic therapy for minimal diabetes mellitus is metformin compared to acarbose.
Epidemiology and Management of Distal Radioulnar Injuries at Hadji Boejasin General Hospital, Pelaihari Pratama, Yudha; Iqbal, Muhammad
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18815

Abstract

Distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures, especially in the elderly. This fracture often followed by an ulna fracture, causing interference with the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). The aim of this study is to provide an overview of DRUJ trauma management along with its indications. This research is a retrospective descriptive study. Data collection was carried out from the medical record data of DRUJ trauma patients who were treated through the ED of H. Boejasin General Hospital. There were 19 samples that met the inclusion criteria, aged 18-60 years. A total of 7 patients (36.84%) underwent ORIF, 12 patients (63.16%) LAC (91.67%), and 1 patient underwent SAC (8.33%). Surgery is the main choice of treatment by orthopedic surgeons for DRUJ trauma patients due to high impact injuries, while conservative management is sufficient for low impact injuries.
Scented Root Extract (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) Inhibits Bacillus cereus Growth In-Vitro Hapsari, Bramantyas Kusuma; Sahabuddin, Rosdiana; Vebrianty, Rizky Indah
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18918

Abstract

Bacillus cereus, a gram-positive bacterium with a high incidence of causing infection through food, is a common cause of infection. Plant extract from Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, and has been demonstrated to exhibit antibacterial action against other bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The purpose of this study is determining the antibacterial activity of vetiver root extract (Vetiveria zizanioides (L.)) against the growth of Bacillus cereus bacteria in vitro. In this experimental study, the inhibition effect of vetiver root extract against Bacillus cereus growth was measured using disc diffusion method. Extract consentraion used in this tudy were 60%, 80% and 100%. The diameter of area with no bacterial growth around disc (inbition zone) was measured and the average of diamter from four independent measurement was used to decide the sensitivity of bacteria towards the extract. The average measurement results from 60 percent concentration of extract were 6.70 mm, 7.04 mm for 80 percent concentration, and 7.05 mm for 100 percent extract concentration. The positive control, Amoxicillin 500 mg, had a diameter of 14.35 mm, whereas the negative control, sterile distilled water, had no impact. Bacillus cereus bacteria growth can be inhibited by Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) extract.
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Ethanol Extract of Citrus hystrix Dc. Against Opportunistic Pathogenic Microbes In-Vitro Budiarti, Lia Yulia; Khatimah, Husnul; Ridhoni, Muhammad Zaki; Hafizhah, Ghina; Fachriyad, Muhammad; Arietama, George
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18765

Abstract

Opportunistic pathogenic microbes are often a problem in the treatment of infections because of their ability to form biofilms. The structure of the irreversible components of the glycocalyx or microbial capsule plays a role in protecting it from antimicrobial exposure and disinfection. The effectiveness of antibiofilms needs to be evaluated, including those from natural preparations. Citrus hystrix DC. (C.hystrix) contains antimicrobial compounds and its activity as an antibiofilm needs to be known. This experimental research aims to test the anti-biofilm effect of C.hystrix extract against standard microbial isolates. The dilution method with tube-test was used to analyze the antibiofilm effect of a combination of C. hystrix leaf and peel extracts (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with 70% ethanol control. Antibiofilm observations are qualitatively based on the Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC) and quantitatively based on the Mean Gray Value (MGV) of biofilm intensity. The results of observations in 3 experiments showed that the MBIC of C.hystix extract was 6.25% for gram-positive bacteria and 12.5% for gram-negative bacteria and Candida. The average MGV of C.hystrix extract was 75%, equivalent to 70% ethanol for all test microbes (p.0.05). The highest average MGV was produced by 100% combination extracts for S.epidermidis (138,09±0,36), S.aureus (135,69±2,01), E.coli (134,75±0,89), P.aeruginosa (130,76±0,24), and C.albicans (130,41±0,41). In conclusion, hystrix orange leaf and peel extracts produce anti-biofilm activity against test microbes in-vitro.
A Rare Case: Stenosis Doudeni Congenital et Causa Ladd Band Eet Causa Malrotation with Situs Inversus in 12 Days Old Baby Thaihutu, Yhohan Ziantprayogi; Rifa’i, Muhammad Syahibuddin
Berkala Kedokteran Vol 20, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/jbk.v20i1.18823

Abstract

We are sharing a rare presentation of congenital duodenal obstruction with combined intrinsic and extrinsic causes with situs inversus, namely, duodenal stenosis with gastrointestinal malrotation in a neonate. The patient underwent successful exploratory laparotomy, Ladd's procedure, and appendicectomy were carried out. Early recognition of signs and symptoms, prompt corrective surgery, and adequate optimization of metabolic components post-operatively are important to determine the decreased morbidity and mortality of neonates.

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