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Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology
Published by Universitas Negeri Malang
ISSN : 25800817     EISSN : 25802402     DOI : 10.17977
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) is a peer reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles and review articles in all areas of Mechanical Engineering and Basic Sciences
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 168 Documents
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Evolution of Residual Stress, Crystal Orientation, and Texture on Preheating Weld Treatment of Low Carbon Steel ASTM A572 Grade 42 Saputro, Suratno Adi; Andoko, Andoko; Puspitasari, Poppy
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i12024p015

Abstract

Preheating is one type of heat treatment on the material prior to starting the welding process by increasing the temperature of the material. It is used to reduce the cooling rate during the welding processes to minimize the risk of residual stress and cracking during welding. Besides the benefits of welding, it also has a negative impact, especially on the integrity of the material, because the heating process at high temperatures will cause residual stress, which will affect the mechanical properties, chemical composition, and microstructure of the material, especially on Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). This study aims to analyze the effect of preheating at a temperature of 200 ºC on the welding for ASTM A572 Grade 42 steel with a thickness of 40mm using the SMAW (Shielded Metal-Arch welding) method. ASTM A572 Grade 42 was used in this study with carbon content of less than 0.25%. Based on the results of measurements and analysis using the XRD method, it was found that preheating resulted in reducing the residual stress on both weld metal and HAZ areas. Preheating treatment also moved the peak diffraction to the right side, which means the heat treatment affected compressive residual stress rather than tensile residual stress. For crystal orientation, area [110] has the highest peak diffraction and highest intensity. This area also was found with smaller size crystal size and higher dislocation and microstrain. While bigger crystal size with lower dislocation and microstrain were found in the area [200]. For texture, the highest density was found in the area [200], while the weaker texture was found in the areas [110] and [211]. The texture was influenced by plastic deformation due to atomic structure and its dislocation.
Effect of the Homogenization Process on Titanium Oxide-Reinforced Nanocellulose Composite Membranes Mahsuli, Taufiq; Larasati, Aisyah; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Maulana, Jibril
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 7, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v7i22023p137

Abstract

Indonesian pineapple production can reach 200 tons per day; however, pineapples generate a significant amount of waste. Pineapple peel waste can be used to make membranes. Composite membranes containing TiO2 have dense properties, low porosity, and increase the mechanical strength of the cellulose sheet. This research uses various ultrasonic homogenizers to homogenize the distribution of nanocellulose and TiO2 (50% and 100% power with 30, 60, and 90 minutes). The casting method is used to shape the membrane. The SEM test shows that the higher the power used and the longer the sonication time, the less agglomeration of about 1.63%/ cm2 and a thickness of 16.56 µm. Identification of X-ray diffraction (XRD) results shows that sonication treatment for too long causes the peak at an angle of 25o to disappear. The analysis revealed no new peaks in the diagram pictures that were found using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze the functional groups, but it is known that changes occur in the O-H bonds of cellulose and C=C. The 50% sample with a power of 60 minutes had the lowest roughness value of 1.008 µm. Furthermore, as the power and time on the sample are increased, the roughness increases.
Heuristic Approach to Comparing the Environmental Impacts of Carbon Nanotube Production Methods Fikri, Ahmad Atif; Fadlika, Irham; Saeful, Albarrobi Nabila; Muhdi, Krisna Dwipa; Pratama, Daniel Febrian; Bello, Nasir Garba
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i12024p199

Abstract

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) production so far has its own advantages and disadvantages. Some methods that can be used in producing CNTs are chemical vapor deposition (CVD), laser ablation, and arc discharge. The three methods have their own requirements, this causes different environmental impacts on each method. Studies into the environmental impact of the CNTs production process found that during thermal pretreatment of the reactant gas, more than 45 by-products were formed, including methane, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Calculating the environmental impact of CNTs production method often has challenges in implementation, because each production process has different systems and needs. One way to overcome this problem is by using the heuristic method for forecasting environmental impact, which can be done with the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis algorithm. The method can calculate uncertainty in each scenario, by normalizing the given load value. In this study, the CVD method has the best solution and objective value results compared to laser ablation and arc discharge. The best solution and objective values that show the value of scenario quality and environmental impact in each method, in CVD the solution obtained in the 34th generation has an epsilon value of 0.00251. The generation shows the performance of the scenario, while the epsilon value shows the value of the environmental impact, the smaller the generation, the better the scenario, while the smaller the epsilon value, the smaller the environmental impact.
Innovative Approaches for Improving ORC Performance: A Review of Pure Fluids, Zeotropic Mixtures, and Nanoparticles Kumi, Ebenezer; Veeredhi, Vasudeva Rao; Enweremadu, Christopher
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/10.17977/um016v8i22024p253

Abstract

Although the organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is said to effectively capture low-grade heat, its commercialization has been limited because of working fluid constraints and inefficiencies resulting from operating at low temperatures. This study reviews the working fluids used in organic Rankine cycles and examines how nanoparticles could enhance the efficiency of the ORC, by enhancing the thermophysical properties of the working fluids. Results from this review showed that zeotropic mixtures of pure fluids, provide a viable approach to improving the thermophysical characteristics of organic working fluids and have the potential to achieve thermo-economic performance superior to that of individual pure fluids. Research results on the relative effectiveness of zeotropic mixtures and pure fluids, however, are conflicting and call for further study. Although nanofluids have shown potential as heat transfer fluids, there has not been much research done on them as organic Rankine cycle working fluids. In comparison to typical nanoparticles, metal-organic heat carriers have been recognized as having substantial potential to improve organic Rankine cycle thermodynamic efficiency. Future study on nanofluids, particularly in zeotropic mixtures, is crucial for the creation of new working fluids for developing ORCs that could achieve a balance between thermodynamic, economic, and environmental performance required to recover low-grade heat and the generation of electricity.
The Influence of Sodium Chloride Treatment on the Sisal Fiber Bundle’s Properties Setyayunita, Tamaryska; Suryanto, Heru; Aminnudin, Aminnudin
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p532

Abstract

Currently, composite board manufacturing using natural fiber has the potential to be expanded due to environmental awareness. To produce high-performance natural fiber, treatment is needed to improve natural fiber’s mechanical and physical properties. One of chemical treatments is by using sodium chloride (NaCl). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of sisal fiber after NaCl treatment. The concentrations of NaCl treatment were 1, 3, and 5 (wt.%) at room and boiling temperature and the soaking duration was 1 hour. Meanwhile, tensile strength, strain, and Young’s modulus were tested to evaluate the mechanical properties. Fiber bundle diameter, weight change due to treatment, and contact angle were tested to assess the effect of NaCl treatment. Sisal fiber bundle was treated with 5 wt.% NaCl for 1 h exhibited the highest value of tensile strength, Young’s modulus, reduction of fiber bundle diameter, percentage of weight change, and decrement of contact angle in comparison with untreated fiber bundle. Treatment with 5 wt.% NaCl at boiling temperature successfully increased the tensile strength and Young's modulus by 48.39% and 76.8%, respectively, compared to untreated fibers. NaCl treatment was shown to be an effective method to improve the mechanical properties and wettability of fibers, which has potential for application in high-performance plant fiber composites. The surface of sisal fiber treated with 5 wt.% NaCl at boiling temperature appeared rougher than that of the untreated one. In addition, this treatment also reduced the contact angle between the fiber and the adhesive by 38.71% compared to the untreated.
Synthesis and In Vitro Testing of Mg-6Zn-xHAp Biocomposites from Beef Bone as Biodegradable Bone Implant Material Manalu, Jojor Lamsihar; Tjhay, Francisca; Kristoforus, Theodora; Aritonang, Sovian
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p410

Abstract

This study aimed to develop biodegradable Mg-6Zn hydroxyapatite (Mg-6Zn HAp) biocomposites for potential use in bone replacement applications. The hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders, sourced from cow bone, were synthesized through an eco-friendly and cost-effective process, leveraging bioresources for material sustainability. The Mg-6Zn and HAp powders were mechanically mixed through ball milling for six hours to ensure homogeneity. The resultant powder mixture was then subjected to isostatic pressing at a high pressure of 570 MPa, forming a dense coin-shaped composite with a 1.5 cm diameter. This coin was consolidated in a capsule furnace at elevated temperatures for one hour to enhance material integrity. The Mg-6Zn HAp alloy was thoroughly characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to assess phase formation and crystallographic structure, and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to examine microstructural features and elemental composition. For composite preparation, varying amounts of HAp (5%, 8%, and 12%) were incorporated into the Mg-6Zn matrix. SEM analyses revealed a uniform distribution of HAp particles along the boundaries of matrix particles, enhancing composite structure and stability. Results demonstrated that with an increase in HAp content, there was a corresponding improvement in the relative density and hardness of the composites. The corrosion rate decreased with higher HAp content, indicating improved biocompatibility and stability in physiological environments. This suggests that the Mg-6Zn HAp biocomposites, with their tailored microstructure and enhanced mechanical properties, hold promise for use in biodegradable bone replacement applications.
Analysis of Tidal Energy Potential in the Merauke Papua River Waters Indonesia Sahupala, Peter; Parenden, Daniel
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p274

Abstract

The purpose of this study is as a source of information to study the potential of tidal energy at the estuary of the Maro River in the waters of Merauke Regency. This study uses a quantitative method, while the method for determining the location of the study used is the purposive sampling method where the data collection point is right at the end of the estuary of the Maro River because it faces directly onto the Arafura Sea. Tide data for 5 months, namely September 1, 2023 to January 31, 2024 with a pool area of 1,260,000 m2, with the consideration that from September to January there is a change of seasons that can significantly affect the tidal pattern. The tides are measured in two periods, namely the first tidal period starting at 01.00 AM to 12.00 AM and the second tidal period occurs at 01.00 PM to 12.00 PM. From the research data, it was obtained that the highest tides were in January 2024, namely the first-period tidal height difference of 5.333 meters and the energy produced was 5.292 kWh, and the second-period tidal height difference was 5.383 meters the energy produced was 5.349 kWh. The results of this study can encourage diversification of energy sources in Merauke and increase regional energy security as well as provide the data needed for further research and development of renewable energy technology, which can accelerate innovation of new technologies in the Merauke Papua region.
Optimization of the Number of Cylinder Blades in Coffee Pulper Machine: Finite Element Analysis and Simple Additive Weighting Methods Syahriza, Mochamad Rifki; Djumhariyanto, Dwi; Ilminnafik, Nasrul; Darsin, Mahros; Yudistiro, Danang; Basuki, Hari Arbiantara; Wibowo, Robertoes Koekoeh Koentjoro; Syuhri, Ahmad; Sumarji, Sumarji
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p476

Abstract

The increasing interest in coffee in all circles means that coffee production and quality must always increase due to consumer demands. One way to maintain the quality of coffee beans is by breaking them down using a huller machine. This research aims to improve the optimization of coffee machines by modifying the cylinder blades of huller machines with variations of 3, 4, 5, and 7 cylinder blades in terms of static loading design and quality and production capacity of coffee bean breaking. The experiment was carried out using 400 rpm and breaking 10kg of dry coffee cherries every time the sample was taken. The research results show that the best sample collection is the variation of 3 cylindrical blades with the maximum stress and lowest deformation values of 6.67 MPa and 0.000737 mm. In terms of production quality, it shows that the best sampling was the three cylindrical blade variations with 50% whole and good coffee beans. In terms of production capacity, the most significant capacity was the seven cylindrical blade variations with a value of 294.11 kg/hour. Sampling from the four most optimal variations uses the SAW (Sample Additive Weighting) method. The most optimal result from the 4 test criteria, the variation of 3 cylindrical blades is the best because it has the highest score with a value of 0.9754.
Study on Thermal-Fluid-Solid Coupling Characteristics for Helicopter Intermediate Spiral Bevel Gear Reducer Sheng, Dongping; Yang, Jie; Su, Chun
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p345

Abstract

In the helicopter transmission system, the intermediate reducer is particularly special. It uses bevel gear pairs to change the transmission direction and to transfer the rotational speed effectively. Therefore, an in-depth study of the spiral gear pair is crucial to improve the overall performance of the helicopter rotor system. This study focuses on the study of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling characteristics and one-way steady-state thermal finite element analysis are conducted based on volume of fluid multiphase flow simulation theory to provide strong support for the design and optimization of the helicopter intermediate reducer. Several conclusions could be obtained. Firstly, it could be found that the negative pressure of the gear engagement occurs and the absolute value increases with the rotation speed of the gear moving wall in the flow field. Secondly, the effect force such as the gear decreases with the increase of the rotational speed of the gear moving wall in the flow field. Thirdly, the contact stress could be affected significantly at different working speed while considering the thermal-fluid influence; Finally, by reasonably controlling the speed of the gear, the stress level between the teeth can be reduced while ensuring the transmission efficiency, as well as improving the service life and reliability of the gear reducer.
The Role of Banana Peel Surface Pores through Increasing Temperature for Efficient Hydrogen Production Alphanoda, Abid Fahreza; Pane, Erlanda Augupta; Riyanto, Agus; Permanasari, Avita Ayu
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p421

Abstract

Porous carbon derived from banana peel has been synthesized by increasing the temperature range variation from 180 oC - 270 oC. The prepared carbon was tested in an experiment using double-chamber photoelectrochemistry to see the results of hydrogen production. SEM-EDX, FTIR, and TGA analyses identified all banana peel carbons. Optical and electrochemical properties were analyzed and measured by UV-Vis, Tauc Relationship, and Pearson Absolute Electronegativity. The amount of hydrogen gas produced from the simulation of UV-A visible light irradiation on variations of BP-240, BP-210, BP-180, and BP-Natural. The surface of BP-270 has more pores and can produce the most significant hydrogen of 1566.05 μmol·g-1. The data is compared to the weight loss percentage at a temperature of 400 oC. Generally, the degradation of the weight percentage in banana peel is up to a temperature of 900oC. This value shows that the most significant energy is needed, 1709190.45 Joules, equivalent to 1.0667 x 1025 eV. At the same time, the energy provided by UV-A is 3.099 eV, equivalent to 4.9661 x 10-19 Joule. Based on the average pores formed by the method used in this study, it explains that the temperature at BP-270 has been able to produce hydrogen in the UV-A exotherm. The increase in banana peel carbon pores increases the separation between electrons and holes and reduces the band gap distance. This study designs an efficient, cheap, and environmentally friendly photoelectrochemical system with waste materials to provide alternative energy sources by utilizing visible light energy.

Page 13 of 17 | Total Record : 168

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