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Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology
Published by Universitas Negeri Malang
ISSN : 25800817     EISSN : 25802402     DOI : 10.17977
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) is a peer reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles and review articles in all areas of Mechanical Engineering and Basic Sciences
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 168 Documents
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Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Derived from Scallop Shell Waste Synthesized by Sonochemical Method with Different Temperature Calcination Pramono, Diki Dwi; Puspitasari, Poppy; Aminnudin, Aminnudin; Razak, Jeefferie Abd
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p400

Abstract

One common bio-ceramic material used in the biomedical industry is hydroxyapatite. Because of its crystallographic and molecular resemblance to the hard tissues of the human body, hydroxyapatite is thought to form. Scallop shells are one natural source of hydroxyapatite, which is high in calcium. This study examines how the calcination temperature affects the characteristics of hydroxyapatite made from leftover scallop shell. Hydroxyapatite was synthesized via the sonochemical method, with calcination conducted at temperatures of 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C. The hydroxyapatite that was prepared was assessed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the phase and crystallite size, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to conduct a morphological investigation, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to conduct a functional group analysis. Phases resulting from varying calcination temperatures include hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate. The crystallite size of hydroxyapatite enhanced with rising temperature. The morphology of hydroxyapatite exhibited agglomeration in all samples, with grain size escalating alongside the increase in calcination temperature. The functional groups generated under the three temperature fluctuations include O-H, P-O, PO43-, and O–P–O groups. The calcination temperature significantly influences the characteristics of produced hydroxyapatite and impacts its biocompatibility as a bone implant material.
The Effect of Mixing Time and Rotation Speed on the Consistency of Dough Viscosity in a Horizontal Mixer Rizza, Muhammad Akhlis; Dharsono, Ekky Yovianto; Murdani, Anggit; Monasari, Ratna; Amrullah, Radhi Nurvian; Aji, Supa Kusuma; Khaerudin, Dian Noorvy
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p460

Abstract

Cassava must go through several manufacturing processes before it becomes chips on the market, including the process of stirring the dough. The stirring process is an important stage in various food industries. In the stirring process, the viscosity change in the dough is influenced by various factors, including the stirring process time and speed in stirring. Research on dough viscosity is important because it is directly related to the quality of the final product. The purpose of this study is to provide recommendations to users, both in the context of using horizontal mixers and the process of making similar products. The type of research used is quantitative research based on experimental methods that aim to test a hypothesis by collecting data that can be measured using statistics, mathematics, and computing. The independent variables in this study are rotation speed (20, 40, and 80 rpm) and stirring time (5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 15 minutes). From these independent variables calculations and data analysis, the optimal setting was obtained using a rotation speed of 80 rpm and a stirring time of 15 minutes with a dough viscosity of 1411.12 PaS. The rotation speed of 80 rpm has more even data or more consistent data compared to the rotation speed values of 20 rpm and 40 rpm.
Characterization and Performance Nanofiltration Membranes in Water Quality for Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Aquaculture Utari, Inpita Casuarina Eqisetia; Yanuhar, Uun; Hertika, Asus Maizar Suryanto; Suryanto, Heru; Maulana, Jibril; Caesar, Nico Rahman; Ismail, Mahrus
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 8, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v8i22024p332

Abstract

Water quality is an important factor in aquaculture activities, including goldfish (Carassius auratus) farming. One approach to improving water quality is the use of nanofilters. This study aims to evaluate the performance of nanofilters made from Sargassum sp. with the addition of copper oxide nanoparticles. The method used involves the fermentation of bacterial cellulose from Acetobacter xylinum using Sargassum sp. extract as a medium, followed by homogenization and the addition of CuO-NPs at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, and subsequent oven drying. The nanofilter membrane will then be analyzed using SEM, XRD, and FTIR to characterize its properties. Performance tests will assess the quality of water used in goldfish farming, including pH, TOM, TDS, and TSS after treatment with the nanofilter. Morphological results show a rougher and denser surface with dispersed CuO-NPs. Characterization reveals cellulose I with crystallinity values ranging from 86.80% to 90.20%, with functional group peaks at 3145, 2927, and 1735 cm⁻¹ indicating cellulose characteristics, and a peak at 424 cm⁻¹ indicating Cu-O bonds. Statistical analysis of performance tests on the water quality of goldfish farming in the F-test shows significant differences (p
Development of Power Management on Unmanned Surface Vehicles to Measure Battery Voltage and Power Alia, Diana; Nurdiansari, Henna; Gupron, Akhmad Kasan; Siregar, Amelia Greacy Talenta
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p001

Abstract

This research focuses on designing an electrical system for unmanned surface vehicles (USV) to ensure optimal performance during survey operations. This USV ship is a catamaran-type ship with a Sonar Deeper depth sensor to know the depth of the water and is equipped with long range (LoRa) as a data transmitter. The USV electrical system design incorporates the use of a 4050 mAh 11.1 V LiPo battery and an iMAX B6AC charger, with evaluations covering battery charging, power consumption, and voltage stability. The trials showed that the battery supported the operation of the USV for approximately 47.8 minutes at a power load of 45.08 Watts. Battery charging showed two main phases: constant current and constant voltage, with a full charge time of approximately 2.7 hours. During operation, voltage consumption showed significant fluctuations, highlighting the need for an electrical system design that maintains voltage stability to improve performance. From the test results, the battery efficiency was found to be 91.29%. These findings emphasize the importance of appropriate component selection and efficient power management to achieve reliable and efficient USV operation. With a deep understanding of the charging characteristics and power consumption, the designed electrical system can ensure more stable USV operation and better performance under various survey conditions.
Utilization of Biomass from Kerai Payung Trees and Waste Paper Through Pyrolysis Technology to Support the Zero-Waste Concept Indadari, Anggita Putri; Anisa, Nurfa; Santoso, Asih Budi
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016vv9i12025p014

Abstract

Wisnuwardhana University is a private institution with a green campus environment surrounded by Kerai Payung trees. This environment produces organic waste from trees and inorganic waste such as used paper from campus activities. This study aims to achieve zero-waste processing by using pyrolysis technology to process campus waste, ensuring minimal residue. The experimental method involves comparing waste processing outcomes between conventional combustion and pyrolysis, the data was analyzed by comparing the results of pyrolysis with conventional combustion. The results of biochar from the pyrolysis process of used paper, Kerai Payung leaves, and nagging Kerai Payung tree are 76 g, 250 g, and 26 g. Then the results of ash from the pyrolysis process of used paper, Kerai Payung tree leaves, and nagging Kerai Payung tree are 23 g, 49 g, and 23 g. The results of liquid smoke from the pyrolysis process of used paper, Kerai Payung tree leaves, and nagging Kerai Payung tree are 75 mL, 50 mL, and 10 mL. Conventional combustion does not produce liquid smoke because the smoke from combustion is left to decompose in the air. This finding shows that pyrolysis is more effective than conventional combustion, because pyrolysis converts smoke into liquid, thereby reducing air pollution. In addition, the biochar and liquid smoke produced can be useful for agriculture and act as food preservatives, thus supporting sustainable waste management on campus.
Dynamic Analysis and Fatigue Life Evaluation of Single Herringbone Planetary Gear System with Crack Fault Sheng, Dongping; Yang, Jie; Su, Chun
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p026

Abstract

The herringbone planetary gear transmission is widely used due to its exquisite compact structure, excellent load-bearing capacity, and stable transmission characteristics. However, root crack is one of the most common failure modes of gears. A cracked herringbone planetary gear system is taken as research object. The sun gear with crack fault is studied from the aspect of modal and transient dynamic analysis, and the related results are compared with the healthy gear. Based on the transient dynamic analysis of the herringbone teeth with cracks, a fatigue life evaluation is conducted. Firstly, the results show that no significant difference between the natural frequencies and main vibration modes of healthy gears and faulty gears could be observed. Secondly, through transient dynamic analysis, it can be found that, during the rotation process of gears and with the increase of crack depth, the stress at the crack area increases gradually. As the crack penetration length increases, the stress at the crack endpoint of the gear increases almost linearly. Additionally, by comparing cracks with different depths and penetration lengths, the depth of the crack has a greater impact on the stress of the gear compared to the crack penetration length. Finally, based on the fatigue life analysis, the depth of the crack has a significant impact on the gear life; even if the depth of the crack is not very large, it will still have a significant impact. The related research is valuable and could guide the design and optimization of herringbone planetary gear system from the point of practical application.
Investigation of the Influence of Warhead Shape and Type of Missile Weapon Material Counter-Training Tank Weapons Simulation Approach Budiarta, Transisma; Puspito Buwono, Haris; Nurvian Amrullah, Radhi
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p039

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of warhead shape and material variations on pressure, temperature, and lift on training missiles using CAD-based simulation methods. The variations of warhead shapes tested include flat, flat radius, and tapered, while the materials used are rubber, ABS, and PE. The simulation results show that the tapered warhead shape with PE material produces the lowest pressure (50.3 MPa) due to more efficient pressure release and low friction properties. Conversely, the Flat shape produces the highest pressure (69.1 MPa) on all materials due to flow stagnation. In terms of temperature, the Flat Radius warhead with PE and Rubber materials has the lowest temperature (~335.56 K) due to flow expansion and low thermal conductivity, while the Tapered warhead with PE has the highest temperature (336.07 K) due to increased fluid velocity, which causes an adiabatic effect. In terms of lift, the tapered warhead with rubber shows the highest value (72.397) due to interaction with the turbulent boundary layer, while the flat radius warhead with rubber has the lowest lift (67.420) due to faster flow separation. These results can be applied in the optimization pf training missile design, jet warhead systems, and aerodynamic vehicles. Further development can include the exploration of alternative materials and the integration of advanced simulation technologies to improve the aerodynamic efficiency and durability of materials.
Harnessing the Role of Carbon Black: A New Frontier for Energy-Density Supercapacitor Electrodes Komariyah, Ana Yuli; Luthfiyah, Ishmah; Albadi’ah, Ida Vaeruza; Nasikhudin, Nasikhudin; Meevasana, Worawat; Diantoro, Markus
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p268

Abstract

The performance of activated carbon (AC)-based supercapacitor electrodes is often limited by poor electrical conductivity, prompting interest in conductive additives such as carbon black (CB). This study explores the transformative potential of CB as a conductive additive in AC-based supercapacitor electrodes and systematically investigates CB mass loadings of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, using styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) as the binder. The findings in this study demonstrate that 10% CB is the optimal loading, offering a balanced performance in terms of structure, morphology, and capacitance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals a distinct structural evolution at 10% CB, characterized by the exclusive emergence of a (100) peak at 43° 2θ, which indicates the formation of dense graphene-like layers and enhanced π-π electron delocalization. This promotes the formation of robust conductive networks, reducing electrode resistivity by 72%. Morphological and specific surface area characterization confirms the uniform particle distribution of an ultra-thin electrode AC-10% CB (26.5 μm) with a high surface area of 851.84 m²/g; this maximizes ion-accessible active sites and minimizes diffusion pathways. These combined effects result in a specific capacitance of 61.33 F/g, representing a 12% improvement over the pristine electrode (56.36 F/g) and 89.87% capacitance retention after 50 cycles. These results highlight the importance of optimizing CB loading: Lower concentrations (
Performance of Rice Grain Conveyor Vacuum Blower with Variations in the Number and Shape of Impeller Angles Suwandi, Dedi; Sifa, Agus; Endramawan, Tito; Sumeru, Kasni
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p154

Abstract

Separating rice and bran, moving rice to storage, and other processes related to moving grain or rice. In the modern rice milling industry, the process of transferring grain material already uses a pneumatic conveying system; a vacuum blower system for transferring grain is needed when milling grain to become rice. The research method used to obtain the shape of a vacuum blower with strong inlet suction power and outlet thrust is carried out by Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation and testing several types and variations in the number of blades. Simulation of forward curved blade type impellers, backward curved blade, and straight radial blade with variations in the number of 8, 10, and 12 blades. From the impeller simulation, it was obtained that the straight radial blade with 8 blades was the best. The best impeller types were made using the manual method. Measurement results were on the straight radial blade type impeller with 8 blades, with a motor speed of 1,000 rpm; the results of measuring air speed at the inlet were 34.95 m/s and at the outlet 23.08 m/s. In addition, the difference in the results between in simulation and the experiment is due to the fabrication process and air leaks.
Analyzing the Performance of a Solar-Assisted Grain Dryer Parenden, Daniel; Sumbung, Frederik H.; Sahupala, Peter
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p215

Abstract

This study evaluates the drying performance and energy efficiency of a solar-powered rice cabinet dryer equipped with two distinct airflow mechanisms: free convection (chimney-assisted) and forced convection (fan-assisted). Field experiments were conducted under tropical conditions in This study evaluates the drying performance and energy efficiency of a solar-powered rice cabinet dryer equipped with two distinct airflow mechanisms: free convection (chimney-assisted) and forced convection (fan-assisted). Field experiments were conducted under tropical conditions in Merauke, Indonesia, comparing drying efficiency, moisture reduction, and air mass flow across three rice grain loads: 1 kg, 3 kg, and 5 kg. The experimental design incorporated both thermal analysis and statistical evaluation (ANOVA and t-tests) to assess the effects of airflow method and grain weight on drying outcomes. Results indicate that the chimney system demonstrated more stable and efficient performance at lower grain weights (1–3 kg), with range efficiency of 32.07% - 37.5% compared to 28.26% - 32.67% using the fan-assisted method. Drying efficiency increases with grain load, reaching a maximum of 43.75% for chimney-assisted drying and 43.44% for fan-assisted drying at 5 kg. However, the fan-assisted system provided superior performance at higher loads due to improved heat and moisture transfer. Although the fan method yielded faster drying rates and more effective moisture reduction, it exhibited slightly greater variability. Despite limitations related to experimental scale and real-time solar radiation monitoring, the findings confirm that solar-powered cabinet dryers—especially those with adaptive airflow control—offer a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and scalable drying solution for smallholder rice producers. Future work should prioritize scaling up capacity, integrating hybrid energy sources, and automating temperature regulation to enhance system performance under fluctuating weather conditions

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