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REGIONAL GROUPING AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INEQUALITY IN WEST NUSA TENGGARA: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY USING HIERARCHICAL CLUSTER AND DAVIES BOULDIN INDEX Hesikumalasari, Hesikumalasari; Adhar, Adhar; Husna Ainu Syukri, Siti
SOCIETY Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/society.v16i2.14483

Abstract

This study analyzes the spatial grouping of cities and districts in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), Indonesia, based on indicators of the Human Development Index (HDI). Using secondary data from the NTB Central Bureau of Statistics for 2022, four HDI components, which include life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, mean years of schooling, and adjusted per capita expenditure, were employed as clustering variables. A hierarchical cluster analysis with various linkage methods, including average, single, complete, centroid, median, and Ward methods, was applied to classify the ten cities and districts. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the Davies–Bouldin Index (DBI). The results reveal that the lowest DBI value (0.4573) was obtained through the single linkage method, indicating the formation of three optimal clusters. The first cluster includes West Lombok and West Sumbawa Regencies, the second cluster consists of Central Lombok, East Lombok, Sumbawa, Dompu, Bima, North Lombok, and Bima City, while the third cluster contains only Mataram City. The findings highlight regional disparities in HDI performance across NTB and suggest that human development programs should be tailored according to the characteristics of each cluster to ensure more equitable progress among regions. KEYWORDS: Human Development Index, cluster analysis, regional disparities, West Nusa Tenggara, hierarchical clustering.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS ANDROID DALAM PENGUASAAN MUFRODAT SISWA KELAS XII DI SMA COKROAMINOTO TAMALANREA MAKASSAR Adhar, Adhar; Arsyad, Azhar; Yusuf T, Muh
Inspiratif Pendidikan Vol 10 No 2 (2021): DECEMBER
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ip.v10i2.41699

Abstract

This research examines the development of Android-based teaching materials. The aims of this research are, (1) analyzing the parts needed to produce ideal things for developing Android-based teaching materials, (2) developing Android-based Arabic language teaching materials in Arabic language learning, through a description of the operational parts of material production. Android-based Arabic language teaching, (3) validating Android-based Arabic language teaching material products that have been developed. The use of this research, for teachers, is of course that teaching assisted by the Android-based Canva application also helps in delivering and presenting practical and effective material. The research used in this case is a type of development (Research and Development) through a research and development (R&D) approach. R&D is research used to develop and validate educational products. This research focuses on the Hanafin and Peck development model with 4 main stages, namely: needs analysis, design, development and implementation. At the stage of implementing the design of the developing teaching materials, field testing was carried out, in this case the students of Cokroaminoto Tamalanrea Makassar High School were the test objects. Students were taken and selected as samples according to criteria by researchers including representatives of class XII. The validation technique refers to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The research results show that Android-based Arabic language teaching material products have been tested and assessed through validation by experts in related fields. The validation percentage obtained from material experts obtained a validity percentage of 96.25% with very good assessment criteria. The percentage achieved by IT experts in the media and design aspects obtained a validity percentage of 92.18% with very good assessment criteria. The results of validation on students in small groups using the "r product moment" technique (i.e. the significance of r calculated on the r table) obtained a significance of r calculated > 0.468 (r tabl) for each indicator statement in the questionnaire and was declared valid.
Co-Authors Aditiyani Nugraha Pertiwi Alfisahrin Alfisahrin Amin Saleh, Amin ARDIANSYAH ARDIANSYAH Asmawati Asmawati Azhar Arsyad Fadilah, Fara Fanggidae, Ronald Patrick Costantin Gunawan, Ewan Hesikumalasari, Hesikumalasari Husna Ainu Syukri, Siti Husnul Khatimah Indra Setiawan Irawansyah Irawansyah Junaidin, Junaidin Karlina, Inang Lakawa, Irwan Mahmud Mahmud Merlyn Kurniawati Nurjulianti, Nurjulianti Nurmayunita, Nurmayunita Rusdiyansyah, Rudiyansyah Sabila, Aulia Anjila Ramadhan Sufi Salean, Debryana Y Solly Aryza Sufrianto, Sufrianto Yusuf T, Muh