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Expanding the Therapeutic Landscape: Exploring the Antimicrobial and Bioactive Potential of Mangrove-Derived Endophytic Fungi Rovik, Anwar; Mariana, Afifah; Hidayat, Galang Anahatta; Rahman, Farras Alifia
Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology 2025: Proceeding of International Conference on Biology Education, Natural Science, and Technology
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

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The escalating rise of antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge to discovering new, effective antibiotics. This crisis represents one of the most critical threats to global health, potentially leading to a future where even minor infections could become fatal. Endophytic fungi have recently emerged as a promising source of novel bioactive compounds. This review highlights the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove vegetation to produce new antimicrobial agents. Mangrove-derived endophytic fungi are found in healthy leaves, hypocotyls, roots, stems, and flowers. The symbiotic relationship between mangrove vegetation and these fungi promotes the synthesis of diverse bioactive compounds, including newly discovered molecules such as cytospyrone, cytospomarin, penicibrocazines, thiocladospolides, coumarin, isocoumarins, and dihydroradicinin. Beyond their antimicrobial potential, these fungi also produce compounds with antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-filarial, antibiofilm, influenza antiviral, antimycobacterial, and biological control properties. The traditional approach to antibiotic development is complex, challenging, costly, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. To overcome these obstacles, research must integrate machine learning for big data analysis and molecular-based exploration, including genomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics.

Epidemiological features and climatological effects on future malaria control in Indonesia Rovik, Anwar; Rahayu, Ayu; Turnip, Oktaviani Naulita; Daniwijaya, Edwin Widyanto
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat Vol 41 No 11 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v41i11.14397

Purpose: Malaria is a leading cause of death worldwide, including in Indonesia. Climate change should be considered when addressing malaria control in Indonesia. This study examined the relationship between climatological parameters (temperature, wind speed, humidity, and rainfall) and malaria cases in Indonesia from 2006 to 2015. Methods: Data on climatological parameters were obtained from Indonesia's 2022 statistics, while malaria case data were taken from the annual report of Indonesia's Ministry of Health. Results were presented using maps, diagrams, and graphs. The associations between climatological parameters and malaria cases were analyzed annually using GraphPad Prism 9 software. Results: Between 2006 and 2015, the API fluctuated each year. Papua province had the highest malaria incidence in Indonesia (25.5%). A significant decline in malaria cases was observed outside Papua province, whereas cases in Papua tended to increase annually. During this period, annual temperature ranged from 23.39°C to 28.44°C, wind speed from 1.01 m/s to 17.54 m/s, relative humidity from 70.85% to 85.84%, and rainfall from 99.74 to 3,838.2 mm3. Conclusion: From 2006 to 2015, annual temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity showed weak positive correlations with the API, whereas annual wind speed showed a negative correlation.

Network pharmacology approach to identifying optimal therapeutic targets in cancer drug discovery and development: Bibliometric analysis and scoping review Rovik, Anwar; Henra, Henra; Rahman, Farras Alifia; Afkarina, Izza; Conara, Flafiani Cios
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.13076

A rise in chronic diseases, including cancer, increasingly strains public health. While conventional drug discovery often focuses on single molecules, this method frequently fails to address complex diseases with multiple causes. Network pharmacology, a systems biology approach, provides a more complete understanding of disease mechanisms by analyzing intricate biological networks. By combining multi-omics data and computational models, network pharmacology helps identify new drug targets and cellular pathways. This approach is especially promising in cancer research, where it can reveal complex interactions between genes, proteins, and metabolites. This review explains the principles of network pharmacology and its use in cancer drug discovery. We cover the process, from network building and analysis to experimental testing. Additionally, we examine how network pharmacology can speed up the development of personalized cancer treatments.

Network pharmacology approach to identifying optimal therapeutic targets in cancer drug discovery and development: Bibliometric analysis and scoping review Rovik, Anwar; Henra, Henra; Rahman, Farras Alifia; Afkarina, Izza; Conara, Flafiani Cios
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapy Vol 7 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Pharmacologist Association or Ikatan Farmakologi Indonesia (IKAFARI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijpther.13076

A rise in chronic diseases, including cancer, increasingly strains public health. While conventional drug discovery often focuses on single molecules, this method frequently fails to address complex diseases with multiple causes. Network pharmacology, a systems biology approach, provides a more complete understanding of disease mechanisms by analyzing intricate biological networks. By combining multi-omics data and computational models, network pharmacology helps identify new drug targets and cellular pathways. This approach is especially promising in cancer research, where it can reveal complex interactions between genes, proteins, and metabolites. This review explains the principles of network pharmacology and its use in cancer drug discovery. We cover the process, from network building and analysis to experimental testing. Additionally, we examine how network pharmacology can speed up the development of personalized cancer treatments.

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