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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Jurnal Agroteknos JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agrokompleks
Botek, Muhammad
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Medicine & Pharmacology

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UJI EFISIENSI PENULARAN VIRUS GEMINI DENGAN SERANGGA KUTUKEBUL (Bemisia tabaci) PADA TANAMAN CABAI RAHMAYANI, DITA; TAUFIK, MUHAMMAD; SYAIR, SYAIR; BANDE, LA ODE SANTIAJI; ASNIAH, ASNIAH; MALLARANGENG, RAHAYU; BOTEK, MUHAMMAD
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 14, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

Chili is one of the important vegetables that are cultivated commercially in tropical countries with various benefits. One of the important diseases of chili plants is jaundice caused by Begomovirus or gemini virus. The disease is transmitted through a whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). The research aims to evaluate the ability and number of whitefly insects that can transmit the gemini virus to chili plants. The research was carried out using a group random design (RAK), 4 treatments each treatment was repeated 5 times. The treatment consisted of no inoculation of whitefly on plants (S0), inoculation of 1 whitefly/plant (S1), inoculation of 3 whitefly/plant (S2) and inoculation of 5 whitefly/plant (S3). The variables observed were vegetative growth, incidence and severity of disease. The presence of the whitefly (B. tabaci) increases the incidence and severity of jaundice and inhibits growth in cayenne pepper plants (C. annuum). The transmission of the gemini virus is faster with the inoculation of 5 ticks/plant with the highest incidence and severity of the disease.
PERLAKUAN BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI PEG-6000 MEMBERIKAN PENGARUH BERAGAM TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN, DAN VIABILITAS VIGOR BENIH KEDELAI WIJAYANTO, TEGUH; AMALIA, NURUL; AFA, LA ODE; BOTEK, MUHAMMAD
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 14, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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This research aimed to determine the effect of PolyEthylene Glycol (PEG)-6000 concentration on the viability/germination and vigor of soybean seeds. The research was carried out at the Agrotechnology Laboratory, Agronomy Unit, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University, Kendari. This research was carried out using a completely randomized design consisting of 5 treatments of PEG-6000 solution concentration and each was repeated 3 times. Each replication consisted of 3 samples so there were 45 experimental units. The variables observed were germination capacity, vigor index, maximum growth potential, growth simultaneity, and normal dry weight of the sprouts. The results of variance analysis showed that the concentration of PEG-6000 had a very significant influence on the observed variables of germination (%), vigor index (%), maximum growth potential (%), growth simultaneity (%) and normal dry weight of sprouts (g). The highest average germination capacity and maximum growth potential were obtained when administering a 6% PEG-6000 concentration, which was significantly different from the other concentrations. Meanwhile, simultaneous growth and the highest dry weight of normal sprouts were obtained at a PEG-6000 concentration of 12%, which was significantly different from the other concentrations.
APLIKASI EKOENZIM PADA TANAMAN BUAH NAGA (Hylocereus undatus) UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA SEMUT API (Solenopsis invicta) SUSLINGSIH, SRI ELSA; RAHMAN, ABDUL; YUSWANA, AGUNG; RAHAYU M, RAHAYU; HISEIN, WAODE SITI ANIMA; PAKKI, TERRY; HASAN, ASMAR; BOTEK, MUHAMMAD
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 12, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) is one type of cactus plant that has favorable prospects to be developed economically and in accordance with tropical climates such as Indonesia. This plant does not escape from the disturbance of pests and plant disease organisms. The fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) is one of pests that cause damage during flowering and fruiting. This study aims to determine the concentration of an effective eco-enzyme solution to control fire ant pests on dragon fruit plants. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of three treatments, namely the concentration of the eco-enzyme solution 0 mL/L water (P0), the eco-enzyme solution concentration 0.5 mL/L water (P1) and the concentration of the eco-enzyme solution 1 mL/L water (P2). The variables observed were mortality and intensity of fire ant attacks on dragon fruit plants every day after application for seven days. The results showed that eco-enzyme solution concentration of 0.5 mL/L water was effective in killing fire ant pests and reducing the intensity of fire ant damage on dragon fruit plants.
EFEKTIVITAS MINYAK CENGKEH TERHADAP PATOGEN YANG BERASOSIASI DENGAN TANAMAN TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) PADDA, PUTRI MEGAYANTI; TAUFIK, MUHAMMAD; ASNIAH, ASNIAH; BOTEK, MUHAMMAD; RAHMAN, ABDUL; GUNAWATY, GUSNAWATY HS; MARIADI, MARIADI
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 12, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of clove oil to control pathogens associated with tomato plants in screen houses. The study was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments repeated 3 times and each treatment consisted of 3 plants for a total of 45 plants, the treatments given were P0 (without application), P1 (pathogenic fungus Sclerotium sp. without clove oil application). , P2 (pathogenic fungus Sclerotium sp. with clove oil application), P3 (pathogenic fungus Helminthosporium sp. without clove oil application), P4 (pathogenic fungus Helminthosporium sp. clove oil application). The variables observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of branches and disease severity of tomato plants. The results showed that clove oil was able to increase plant growth as indicated by the highest average height and diameter of 18.61cm and 0.31cm, respectively. Clove oil application also suppressed the development of the pathogen Sclerotium sp. As indicated by the average incubation period and disease severity 18.67 days and 6%, respectively.
PENGHAMBATAN CENDAWAN ENDOFIT ASAL TANAMAN KELOR UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN Colletotrichum sp. SECARA IN-VITRO ASNIAH, ASNIAH; AMELIA, DEVI; SYAIR, SYAIR; TAUFIK, MUHAMMAD; HS, GUSNAWATY; SATRAH, VIT NERU; ULFA, NUR ISNAINI; BOTEK, MUHAMMAD
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 14, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Colletotrichum sp. is an important pathogen causing anthracnose in chili peppers. Anthracnose can cause yield losses of up to 90%. The control method commonly used by farmers is chemical control, but this method is not environmentally friendly. Endophytic fungi can be isolated from various plants, both cultivated plants and wild plants or weeds. Moringa is a plant that grows well in Southeast Sulawesi and is a vegetable that has excellent benefits due to its high nutritional content and potential as a biological agent. This study aimed to obtain endophytic fungi from moringa that have the potential to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum sp. in vitro. The research began with the exploration of endophytic fungi from moringa plant tissues. Subsequently, pathogenicity tests, inhibition tests using the dual culture method, and inhibition tests using the volatile compound method were conducted. The results showed that there were 3 (three) isolates of endophytic fungi from moringa that have potential as biological control agents for Colletotrichum sp., namely isolates ED02, EB01, and EB02. Isolate ED02 was the best biological agent for controlling Colletotrichum sp. in vitro, with dual culture inhibition and volatile compound inhibition percentages of 74.10% and 37.45%.
UJI PATOGENESITAS Ustilago scitaminea PENYEBAB PENYAKIT LUKA API TERHADAP BEBERAPA VARIETAS TANAMAN TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.) ASNIAH, ASNIAH; AYUNI, RANI; SYAIR, SYAIR; TAUFIK, MUHAMMAD; RAHMAN, ABDUL; SATRAH, VIT NERU; BOTEK, MUHAMMAD; PUTRI, NOVITA PRAMASARI
Jurnal Agroteknos Vol 13, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Jurnal Agroteknos

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Abstract

Burn disease caused by the fungus Ustilago scitaminea is an airborne pathogen whose spores can be carried by the wind, agricultural tools and people who wear the clothes they wear. The use of resistant varieties is a fairly effective control in controlling smut disease in sugarcane. This study aims to determine the resistance response of sugarcane varieties to smut disease on sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Protection, Phytopathology Unit, Faculty of Agriculture and the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Halu Oleo, Kendari. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 varietal treatments namely the Kidang Kencana variety (V1), the Bululawang variety (V2), the green sugarcane cultivar (V3) and the red sugarcane cultivar (V4). The results of this study indicated that disease incidence and disease severity had no significant effect at all observation times (7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 DAP). The longest incubation period with the incidence and severity of the disease was 0% in the V1 and V2 treatments.
Distribution of Yellow Curly Leaf Disease in Chili Plantations in Southeast Sulawesi and Identification of the Causes Muhammad Taufik; HS, Gusnawaty; Syair, Syair; Mallarangeng, Rahayu; Khaeruni, Andi; Botek, Muhammad; Hartono, Sedyo; Aidawati, Noor; Hidayat, Purnama
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 19 No 3 (2023): Mei 2023
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.19.3.89-98

Abstract

Penyakit daun keriting kuning pada pertanaman cabai di Sulawesi Tenggara telah dilaporkan sejak tahun 2018, yaitu di Kabupaten Kolaka Timur dan Kota Kendari. Gejala penyakit di lapangan semakin meluas seiring dengan perluasan penanaman cabai. Penelitian bertujuan menghitung kembali insidensi penyakit daun keriting kuning pada pertanaman cabai di Sulawesi Tenggara, mengidentifikasi serangga yang berasosiasi dengan tanaman cabai, dan mengidentifikasi penyebab penyakitnya. Pengamatan insidensi penyakit dilakukan di pertanaman cabai yang berada di Kabupaten Bombana, Konawe Selatan, Konawe, Kendari, Kolaka Timur, Kolaka, dan Kolaka Utara. Identifikasi kutukebul dilakukan berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Deteksi dan identifikasi begomovirus menggunakan metode polymerase chain reaction, yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis sikuensing. Rata-rata insidensi penyakit daun keriting kuning di tujuh kabupaten ialah 36%–90%. Spesies kutukebul yang ditemukan adalah Aleurotrachelus trachoides. Fragmen DNA spesifik begomovirus berukuran 580 pb berhasil diamplifikasi dari sampel tanaman cabai asal tujuh kabupaten di Sulawesi Tenggara. Analisis sikuen mengonfirmasi infeksi Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus pada pertanaman cabai di Kabupaten Kolaka, Kolaka Utara, Bombana, Konawe, dan Konawe Selatan.
The changes of chili leaf structure by Geminivirus infection Taufik, Muhammad; Firihu, Muhammad Zamrun; HS, Gusnawaty; Variani, Viska Inda; Hasan, Asmar; Botek, Muhammad; Tihurua, Eka Fatmawati; Wulansari, Tri Yuni Indah
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 1 (2024): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.124109-119

Abstract

The Geminivirus in chili plants is a significant problem in chili cultivation. Symptoms of Geminivirus infection are quite easy to find in chili plants because the symptoms are quite typical: mosaic, yellowing, small leaves, leaf lamina malformation, and stunting. The visual changes in leaf morphology are due to the leaf tissue structure, such as the upper and lower epidermis and the mesophyll tissue, including the palisade and sponge. There is little information about changes in the structure of chili plants infected with the Geminivirus. Therefore, this study aims to add information about changes in the leaf tissue structure of chili plants infected with the Geminivirus. The structural changes observed were palisades. Long palisades were less preferred by whiteflies, so the incidence of geminivirus disease was lower. This information is a reference for assembling chili plants with better structural resistance. The method used was a cross-section of chili leaves, double staining, and observation with a light microscope. Observations on mild symptoms showed epidermal cells shrinking. Some parts of palisade leaves were composed of two layers with shortened cells and tend to be oval. The symptom is that the upper epidermal cells were shrunken, and the palisade also tends to shorten. Severe symptoms of the epidermis on the leaves were curly, shriveled, thinned, and even dying; the palisade is shortened and sometimes looks irregular/tight. Changes in the leaf tissue of chili plants infected with the Geminivirus cause changes at the ultra-structural, cell, or tissue level, depending on the type of virus attack and the attack level.
Potensi teknik proteksi silang terhadap jumlah stomata dan luas daun yang terinfeksi virus gemini pada tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) Huttni, Lita Oktafiana; Taufik, Muhammad; HS, Gusnawaty; Hasan, Asmar; Botek, Muhammad
Agrokompleks Vol 24 No 1 (2024): Agrokompleks Edisi Januari
Publisher : Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51978/japp.v24i1.749

Abstract

Virus gemini merupakan salah satu organisme pengganggu tanaman yang menyerang beberapa komoditas sayuran termasuk tanaman cabai. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PepYLCV) yang masuk dalam genus Begomovirus dari famili Geminiviridae. Penularan virus sangat efisien terjadi melalui perantara serangga vektor kutukebul (Bemisia tabaci) secara persisten. Penyakit virus gemini dapat menimbulkan kerugian yang besar bahkan gagal panen jika tanaman terinfeksi pada waktu masih sangat muda. Salah satu pengendalian virus gemini yang efektif adalah dengan melakukan teknik proteksi silang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kemampuan teknik proteksi silang untuk mengurangi keparahan penyakit virus gemini. Lokasi penelitian di Desa Wolasi, Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri dari 10 unit perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Variabel yang diamati adalah masa inkubasi virus gemini, jumlah stomata dan luas daun. Strain lemah mampu menekan laju infeksi strain kuat berdasarkan jumlah stomata dan luas daun sehingga teknik proteksi silang dapat mengurangi keparahan penyakit. Jumlah stomata pada setiap gejala bervariasi tergantung gejala yang ditimbulkan. Daun yang bergejala berat maka jumlah stomatanya lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan daun yang bergejala sedang dan ringan. Luas daun yang diinokulasi virus dengan strain lemah dengan 1 dan 5 ekor serangga vektor yang disusul dengan virus strain kuat (proteksi silang) memiliki nilai tertinggi yaitu 875,93 cm2 dan 708,37 cm2 dibandingkan dengan luas daun yang diinokulasi virus dengan strain kuat dengan 1 dan 5 ekor serangga vektor yang disusul dengan virus strain lemah yang hanya memiliki nilai 563,50 cm2 dan 556,17 cm2.
Pengukuran keparahan gejala penyakit kuning dan kandungan nitrogen tanaman cabai terinfeksi virus gemini berbasis spektral biosensor Ayu, Sukma; Taufik, Muhammad; M, Rahayu; Hasan, Asmar; Widodo, Catur Joko; Botek, Muhammad; Huttni, Lita Oktafiana
Agrokompleks Vol 25 No 1 (2025): Agrokompleks Edisi Januari
Publisher : Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkajene Kepulauan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51978/japp.v25i1.832

Abstract

Virus gemini penyebab penyakit keriting daun kuning pada tanaman cabai dikenal dengan Pepper yellow leaf curl virus. Infeksi virus mengakibatkan kerusakan morfologi seperti, malformasi daun, daun kecil, leaf cupping, dan tanaman kerdil. Bukan hanya gangguan morfologi tetapi juga gangguan fisiologi seperti kandungan nitrogen dan klorofil daun tanaman cabai. Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi digital maka penilaian keparahan gejala, pengukuran kandungan klorofil dan nitrogen dan luas daun terinfeksi virus gemini dapat dilakukan dengan teknik spektral biosensor. Metode ini merekam reflektansi cahaya merah, hijau, dan biru (Red, Green, Blue/RGB) dari objek tanaman cabai. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengukur kandungan nitrogen dan klorofil tanaman cabai terinfeksi virus gemini dan luas daun terinfeksi virus gemini. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengukur reflektansi RGB adalah spektral biosensir dengan menggunakan software ImageJ processing. Pengambilan sampel tanaman cabai terinfeksi virus gemini ditentukan secara acak berdasarkan gejala pada pertanaman cabai di pulau Muna dan Buton. Variabel yang digunakan adalah gejala dan keparahan gejala virus gemini, kandungan nitrogen dan klorofil tanaman cabai terinfeksi virus gemini, luas daun terinfeksi virus gemini. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menggunakan metode citra digital software ImageJ menunjukkan bahwa gejala bervariasi berpengaruh pada keparahan gejala tertinggi Lakanaha sebesar 95,56%, dan rendah Suka Damai sebesar 33,33%. Kandungan nitrogen meningkat Suka Damai sebesar 49,90 dan rendah Lambiku 10,42, Kandungan klorofil tertinggi Pentiro sebesar 24,21 dan rendah Lakanaha sebesar 1,12. Luas daun tertinggi Pentiro sebesar 4,727 cm2, dan rendah Labukolo 1,243 cm2.
Co-Authors Abdul Rahman Amelia, Devi ANDI KHAERUNI Asmar Hasan Asniah Asniah Ayu, Sukma AYUNI, RANI Eka Fatmawati Tihurua Firihu, Muhammad Zamrun GUSNAWATY HS, GUSNAWATY Hikamwaty, Aisyah Hisein, Waode Siti Anima HUTTNI, LITA OKTAFIANA La Ode Santiaji Bande M, Rahayu Mariadi Mariadi, Mariadi MIFTAKHUROHMAH MIFTAKHUROHMAH, MIFTAKHUROHMAH MUHAMMAD TAUFIK NOOR AIDAWATI Nurul Amalia PADDA, PUTRI MEGAYANTI PURNAMA HIDAYAT PUTRI, NOVITA PRAMASARI RAHAYU M, RAHAYU Rahayu Mallarangeng, Rahayu RAHMAYANI, DITA Sari Nurulita Satrah, Vit Neru SEDYO HARTONO SUSLINGSIH, SRI ELSA Syair, Syair Syarni, Elisa Taufik, Muhammad Taufik Teguh Wijayanto TERRY PAKKI, TERRY Ulfa, Nur Isnaini Viska Inda Variani Widodo, Catur Joko Wulansari, Tri Yuni Indah Yusuf, Dewi Nurhayati Yuswana, Agung