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THE ROLE OF GOOD FAITH IN COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS: A NORMATIVE ANALYSIS OF ITS INTERPRETATION AND ENFORCEMENT IN INDONESIAN BUSINESS LAW Na'afi , Septiana; Putra, Irman
Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Bureaucracy Journal : Indonesia Journal of Law and Social-Political Governance
Publisher : Gapenas Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53363/bureau.v5i3.807

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of good faith (itikad baik) in commercial transactions within the framework of Indonesian business law using a normative juridical approach. Good faith, as a fundamental principle of contract law, is recognized in the Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata), particularly Articles 1338 and 1339, which emphasize that contracts must be executed in good faith and in line with propriety. Despite its doctrinal importance, the interpretation and enforcement of good faith in Indonesia remain inconsistent. Judicial practice shows variations between a subjective approach—focusing on honesty of intention—and an objective approach—emphasizing fairness, reasonableness, and protection of counterpart interests. This inconsistency creates legal uncertainty and weakens business confidence. Comparative analysis with German, Dutch, and international frameworks such as the UNIDROIT Principles and CISG highlights the importance of codifying and applying good faith uniformly to promote fairness and predictability. The findings recommend clearer legislative guidelines, the adoption of objective standards, judicial consistency, and alignment with international practices to strengthen contractual stability and Indonesia’s competitiveness in global trade.
Kajian Sosiologi Hukum : Hukum Adat sebagai Sistem Normatif yang Mengatur Kehidupan Masyarakat Tradisional di Indonesia Lubis, Arief Fahmi; Putra, Irman
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

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Abstract

Hukum adat, sebagai sistem normatif yang mengatur kehidupan masyarakat tradisional Indonesia, memiliki kompleksitas dan kedalaman yang sering kali luput dari pemahaman umum. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menunjukan bahwa Memahami karakteristik-karakteristik ini penting untuk mengidentifikasi baik tantangan maupun peluang dalam upaya mengintegrasikan hukum adat ke dalam sistem hukum dan pembangunan modern Indonesia. Penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menghimpun data secara sistematis, faktual, dan cepat sesuai dengan gambaran saat dilakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Kedudukan hukum adat dalam sistem hukum nasional Indonesia bersifat ambivalen. Di satu sisi, ada pengakuan formal dan upaya-upaya untuk mengintegrasikannya. Di sisi lain, implementasi praktisnya sering terhambat oleh dominasi hukum nasional dan kebijakan pembangunan yang cenderung mengabaikan kearifan lokal.
Tantangan Hukum Adat dari Masyarakat Pedesaan dalam Era Modern : Kajian Konflik antara Hukum Adat dan Hukum Nasional Lubis, Arief Fahmi; Putra, Irman
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 2 No. 3 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

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Abstract

Hukum adat seringkali dipandang sebagai anomali, tidak sejalan dengan tuntutan zaman modern yang mengedepankan efisiensi dan uniformitas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menunjukan bahwa Hukum adat, dengan filosofi keseimbangan dan keberlanjutannya, justru menyimpan kunci untuk mengatasi berbagai persoalan kontemporer yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat modern .Penelitian kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif untuk menghimpun data secara sistematis, faktual, dan cepat sesuai dengan gambaran saat dilakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sistem penyelesaian sengketa berbasis adat masih memiliki potensi besar dalam menjaga harmoni sosial dan memberikan akses keadilan yang lebih baik bagi masyarakat.
Constitutionalism and the Rule of Law in Indonesia: Historical Development and Contemporary Issues Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 1 No. 02 (2023): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v1i02.1164

Abstract

This paper explores the historical development and contemporary issues of constitutionalism and the rule of law in Indonesia through juridical analysis and literature review. The study traces the evolution of Indonesian law from the colonial period, through the ratification of the 1945 Constitution, the Guided Democracy and New Order regimes, and the Reformation era. It highlights key milestones and challenges in building a strong constitutional democracy. Contemporary issues such as judicial independence, human rights, and governance are analysed to understand ongoing efforts and obstacles in strengthening the rule of law in Indonesia. By synthesising existing literature and legal texts, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of Indonesia's legal trajectory and current challenges, and offers insights into future reforms needed to enhance constitutional governance.
Juridical Analysis of Constitutional Court Decision No. 85/PUU-XIV/2016: Examining the Legal Implications of the Law on Regional Head Elections (Law No. 10/2016) Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v1i1.1165

Abstract

This paper provides a juridical analysis of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 85/PUU-XIV/2016, which examines the legal implications of the Regional Head Election Law (Law No. 10/2016). It explores the constitutional context and rationale behind the decision, emphasising its impact on the legal framework governing regional head elections in Indonesia. By dissecting the Constitutional Court's reasoning and the legal principles applied, the analysis aims to explain the impact of the ruling on the democratic process, electoral integrity, and governance at the local level. The findings highlight a significant legal precedent and underline the role of the ruling in shaping future electoral regulations and practices in Indonesia.
Evaluating the Role of Constitutional Amendments in Strengthening Democratic Governance in Indonesia Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 1 No. 03 (2023): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v1i03.1166

Abstract

This study evaluates the role of constitutional amendments in strengthening democratic governance in Indonesia through qualitative juridical analysis. This research examines how amendments to the Indonesian Constitution since the Reform Era have affected the democratic process and governance structure. Key changes include the establishment of the Constitutional Court, direct presidential elections, and greater regional autonomy. The research findings show that while these amendments have contributed significantly to democratisation by improving the separation of powers, checks and balances, and the protection of human rights, there are still some challenges to effective implementation. The study concludes with recommendations for further reforms to strengthen Indonesia's democratic governance framework.
Judicial Review and Constitutional Interpretation: The Development of the Role of the Indonesian Constitutional Court Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 1 No. 04 (2023): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v1i04.1167

Abstract

This research examines the role of Indonesia's Constitutional Court in constitutional review and interpretation, focusing on its development, key jurisprudential contributions, and the balance between judicial activism and restraint. Through a comprehensive analysis of landmark cases and scholarly literature, this research highlights the impact of the Constitutional Court on law and governance in Indonesia. The research reveals that while the Constitutional Court has demonstrated judicial activism by protecting fundamental rights and shaping the democratic process, it has also exercised restraint to maintain institutional balance and avoid political overreach. The Court's rulings on issues ranging from human rights to electoral law underscore its important role in upholding constitutional principles. However, the research also identified challenges relating to consistency, transparency and independence, which are critical to maintaining the Court's legitimacy and effectiveness. The findings suggest that the Court's ability to address these challenges will be critical to its future role in Indonesia's democratic framework.
Human Rights Protection under the Indonesian Constitution: Progress and Challenges Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 01 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i01.1168

Abstract

This paper examines the protection of human rights under the Indonesian Constitution, focusing on the progress that has been made and the challenges faced. Using a combination of juridical analysis and literature review, it evaluates the effectiveness of constitutional provisions designed to protect human rights and their alignment with international standards. The research highlights significant achievements, including including human rights guarantees in the 1945 Constitution and establishing key institutions such as the National Human Rights Commission (Komnas HAM) and the Constitutional Court. Despite these advances, the study identifies persistent problems such as inadequate law enforcement, systemic discrimination, and limited access to justice. These findings underscore the need for better implementation mechanisms, greater institutional support, and targeted policies to address the gap between constitutional ideals and practical outcomes. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and policy reforms to strengthen human rights protection in Indonesia.
Decentralisation and Constitutional Law in Indonesia: Balancing Regional Autonomy and National Unity Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 02 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i02.1169

Abstract

This paper examines the normative aspects of decentralization and constitutional law in Indonesia, focusing on the balance between regional autonomy and national unity. Through a doctrinal analysis of constitutional provisions, key legislation, and judicial interpretations, alongside qualitative case studies, the study explores how Indonesia has navigated the complex relationship between empowering local governance and maintaining a cohesive national identity. The findings reveal that while the legal framework provides for significant regional autonomy, challenges remain in ensuring uniformity in law enforcement, addressing regional disparities, and preventing fragmentation. The study highlights the need for a nuanced approach to decentralization that accommodates regional diversity while fostering national unity, offering recommendations for strengthening local governance, enhancing equitable resource distribution, and refining the legal and regulatory frameworks.
The Constitutionality of the Presidential Threshold Provisions in Indonesian Election Law: A Juridical Review of Law No. 7/2017 on General Elections Putra, Irman; Lubis, Arief Fahmi
West Science Law and Human Rights Vol. 2 No. 03 (2024): West Science Law and Human Rights
Publisher : Westscience Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58812/wslhr.v2i03.1170

Abstract

This study critically examines the constitutionality of the presidential nomination threshold provision stipulated in Law No. 7/2017 on General Elections. By conducting a juridical analysis, this research explores the legal and constitutional underpinnings of the presidential nomination threshold, which mandates a minimum percentage of parliamentary seats or popular votes for a political party or coalition to nominate a presidential candidate. The analysis explores the historical context, legislative intent and judicial interpretation of the threshold provision. It also assesses the impact of these provisions on political competition, electoral fairness and democratic representation in Indonesia. It identifies potential constitutional conflicts and proposes legal reforms to enhance the legitimacy and inclusiveness of the presidential election process. Through a comprehensive legal review, this research aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on electoral law and democratic governance in Indonesia.