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Exploration of Lipid Profile and Wax Ester Content from Local Strain Euglena sp. IDN33 Cultivated in Mixotrophic Condition Combined with Molasses Supplementation Astiti, Adam; Erfianti, Tia; Maghfiroh, Khusnul Qonita; Putri, Renata Adaranyssa Egistha; Suyono, Eko Agus
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 3 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.3.805-818

The transition from fossil fuels to sustainable renewable energy is currently growing rapidly. Euglena sp. can be the source of biofuel. Molasses, in addition to Euglena sp., can increase the levels of paramylon and wax esters produced. Therefore, this study aims to analyze cell growth, lipid profile, and wax ester content of Euglena sp. cultivated under mixotroph conditions with molasses. Euglena was cultivated under mixotrophic conditions with the addition of various concentrations of molasses (0, 10, 15, and 20 g/L) until the final log phase. Then, measurements were made on cell density, levels of lipids, proteins, and paramylon to measure the growth and metabolites profile of Euglena sp., along with lipid profile and wax ester analysis using GC-MS. The results of the study showed that 10 g/L molasses increased Euglena growth (SGR 0.1736± 0.0213 mg/ml) and carbohydrate (0.426 mg/ml) but reduced lipid accumulation (2.29 mg/ml). This treatment provides the best result before control. Molasses does not increase carbohydrates and protein but increases paramylon accumulation. The GC-MS assay detected more lipid profiles and concentrations of each lipid type in non-molasses-treated Euglena sp. compared to molasses-treated. Euglena was cultivated on molasses, which was dominated by palmitic acid and myristyl myristate with the absence of PUFA-type fatty acids in the cells, while the untreated ones were dominated by stearic acid and myristyl myristate. Thus, 10 g/L supplementation of molasses is the most effective treatment compared to others.

The effect of lignosulfonate chemical stimulator to the metabolites of Euglena sp. Luthfiana, Dwi Hardianti; Karilanata, Khalid Erlangga; Maghfiroh, Khusnul Qonita; Kurnianto, Dedy; Amelia, Ria; Erfianti, Tia; Larasati, Ersi; Putri, Renata Adaranyssa Egistha; Suyono, Eko Agus
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.2.30804

Euglena sp. contains several metabolites that play a role in various sectors, likely biofuels, food, feed, and pharmaceuticals. Multiple treatments are required to increase the content of Euglena sp.to support its use. In this study, a chemical stimulant in the form of lignosulfonate was added to Euglena sp. in order to increase its natural potency as measured by lipid, carbohydrate, protein, paramylon content, and biomass productivity. Lignosulfonate is a macromolecular polyelectrolyte and anionic surfactant that is unique and multifunctional. This lignosulfonate can act as an emulsifier, dispersing agent, binder, and stabilizer of lipids in Euglena sp. cells. In addition to the lignosulfonate chemical stimulator, it can affect the growth process of Euglena sp. so that it can produce good-quality cells. The method used was a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications. The results obtained indicated that the addition of lignosulfonate was significantly changed the cell and protein density tests. Therefore, the optimal concentration of lignosulfonate can be used as an agent to increase the growth rate and metabolites of Euglena sp. significantly.Keywords:BiofuelEuglena sp.Growth rateslignosulfonateMetabolites

The effect of lignosulfonate chemical stimulator to the metabolites of Euglena sp. Luthfiana, Dwi Hardianti; Karilanata, Khalid Erlangga; Maghfiroh, Khusnul Qonita; Kurnianto, Dedy; Amelia, Ria; Erfianti, Tia; Larasati, Ersi; Putri, Renata Adaranyssa Egistha; Suyono, Eko Agus
Depik Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir, dan Perikanan Vol 14, No 2 (2025): JUNE 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Marine and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13170/depik.14.2.30804

Euglena sp. contains several metabolites that play a role in various sectors, likely biofuels, food, feed, and pharmaceuticals. Multiple treatments are required to increase the content of Euglena sp.to support its use. In this study, a chemical stimulant in the form of lignosulfonate was added to Euglena sp. in order to increase its natural potency as measured by lipid, carbohydrate, protein, paramylon content, and biomass productivity. Lignosulfonate is a macromolecular polyelectrolyte and anionic surfactant that is unique and multifunctional. This lignosulfonate can act as an emulsifier, dispersing agent, binder, and stabilizer of lipids in Euglena sp. cells. In addition to the lignosulfonate chemical stimulator, it can affect the growth process of Euglena sp. so that it can produce good-quality cells. The method used was a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications. The results obtained indicated that the addition of lignosulfonate was significantly changed the cell and protein density tests. Therefore, the optimal concentration of lignosulfonate can be used as an agent to increase the growth rate and metabolites of Euglena sp. significantly.Keywords:BiofuelEuglena sp.Growth rateslignosulfonateMetabolites

Growth and Metabolite Enhancement of Acidophile Euglena sp. Isolated from Indonesia under Different Photoperiod Cycles Erfianti, Tia; Daryono, Budi Setiadi; Budiman, Arief; Suyono, Eko Agus
Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN
Publisher : Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jipk.v16i1.46193

Abstract Euglena sp. is a unicellular, flagellated microalga considered one of the most promising microalgal feedstock species for biofuels. Reducing the level of liquid waste pollutants can be done biologically by using microalgal organisms. Its metabolites, including lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and pigments, are appropriate for producing biorefinery products such as biodiesel and jet fuels. They can be isolated from extreme environments, such as highly acidic and ammonia-rich environments, that are not conducive to their proliferation. This study sought to determine the effect of the photoperiod or (light: dark) cycle (24 L:0 D, 12 L:12 D, 14 L:10 D, and 16 L:8 D) on the growth, biomass, metabolite content consisting of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, and the rate of CO2 uptake by Euglena sp. As stated previously, the study was conducted by cultivating Euglena sp. on a laboratory scale with four photoperiod regimens. The results indicated that optimal growth, biomass content, and metabolite content were obtained with a 24 D:0 L lighting cycle. The control treatment (24 L: 0 D) had the highest biomass productivity (0.032 g.L-1.day-1 ± 0.004), lipid content (0.387 g.L-1 ± 0.031), protein content (0.542 mg.Ml-1 ± 0.007), carbohydrate content (0.409 x104 g.L-1), chlorophyll a (6.237 g.L-1 ± 0.184), chlorophyll b (2.838 g.L-1 ± 0.253), and total carotenoid (1.566 g.L-1 ± 0.105). Full light illumination (24 L:0 D) was significantly producing carotenoid content, including phaeophytin a, phaeophytin b, violaxanthin, 9'-cis-neoxanthin, dino xanthin, and fucoxanthin. Highlight Research The growth rate was higher when Euglena was cultivated under continuous illumination. The biomass productivity of Euglena increased significantly under continuous illumination. The metabolite content of Euglena (lipids, proteins, and pigments) was higher in continuous illumination.

Silica's Medium in Various Concentration Effect on Navicula sp. Metabolism Karillanata, Khalid Erlangga; Luthfiana, Dwi Hardianti; Maghfiroh, Khusnul Qonita; Kurnianto, Dedy; Amelia, Ria; Erfianti, Tia; Suyono, Eko Agus
Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): AL-KAUNIYAH JURNAL BIOLOGI
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islami

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/kauniyah.v1i1.31078

Abstract Navicula sp., an aquatic microalgae species, are numerous and diverse, with high metabolites so they hold great potential in biotechnology. Although it has many advantages, it is often not used in industry. In silica medium, Navicula sp. produces various metabolites depending on their concentration. This research aims to discover how adding silica to the medium affects the growth and production of Navicula sp. metabolites so that cultivation can be carried out at low cost and with maximum results. For 21 days, this experiment was carried out with three concentrations of silica (1; 1.5; and 2 mL/L) and one control (0 mL/L) grown each in a 500 mL culture of Navicula sp. Repetition was done thrice for each measurement parameter; growth speed, biomass production, lipids, carbohydrates, and protein. Medium silica 1.5 mL/L was the optimal concentration for growth speed, biomass production, and carbohydrate production for Navicula sp. (0.083; 0.54; and 0.075 mg/day, respectively). Meanwhile, the optimal silica concentration for lipid and protein production for Navicula sp. were 1 mL/L medium and control medium (0.517 and 0.8 × 10-2 mg/day, respectively). Overall, this research can be used to grow Navicula sp. in producing specific metabolites optimally. AbstrakNavicula sp., spesies mikroalga akuatik, sangat banyak dan beragam dengan metabolit yang tinggi, sehingga memiliki potensi yang besar dalam bioteknologi. Meskipun memiliki banyak keunggulan, spesies ini seringkali tidak digunakan dalam industri. Dalam medium silika, Navicula sp. menghasilkan berbagai metabolit tergantung pada konsentrasinya. Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penambahan silika dalam medium memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi metabolit Navicula sp., sehingga kultivasi dapat dilakukan dengan biaya yang rendah dan hasil yang maksimal. Selama 21 hari, eksperimen ini dilakukan dengan tiga konsentrasi silika (1; 1,5; dan 2 mL/L) dan satu kontrol (0 mL/L) yang ditumbuhkan di dalam 500 mL kultur Navicula sp. Pengulangan dilakukan tiga kali untuk setiap parameter pengukuran, yaitu kecepatan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, lipid, karbohidrat, dan protein. Medium silika 1,5 mL/L merupakan konsentrasi yang optimal untuk kecepatan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, dan produksi karbohidrat bagi Navicula sp. (0.083; 0.54; dan 0.075 mg/hari, secara berurutan). Sementara itu, konsentrasi silika yang optimal untuk produksi lipid dan protein bagi Navicula sp., secara berurutan, adalah medium 1 mL/L dan medium kontrol (0.517 dan 0.8 × 10-2 mg/hari). Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai solusi untuk menumbuhkan Navicula sp. dalam memproduksi metabolit tertentu secara optimal.

Eksplorasi Peran Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) yang diinduksi oleh Ekstrak Caesalpinia Sappan untuk Air yang Terkontaminasi Anabaena sp. Mahendra, Himawan Akbar; Supraba, Intan; Kamulyan, Budi; Suyono, Eko Agus
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): March
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v13i1.14756

This study aims toexplore the reduction of Anabaena sp. populations using Caesalpinia sappan extract, aiming to determine the optimal concentration to induce oxidative stress that weakens cell structures via increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Water quality parameterssuch as color, turbidity, and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)were analyzed to evaluate the extract's effectiveness on the aquatic ecosystem. Employing a combination of the TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) method and a True Experimental design, the study optimized extract concentration variations and examined the ability of Caesalpinia sappan (sappan wood) to penetrate the peptidoglycan layer of Anabaena sp. Results obtained over two days indicate that the bioactive compounds in Caesalpinia sappan induce ROS, as evidenced by an increase in color intensity from day 1 to day 2 due to pigment release from Anabaena sp. in response to oxidative stress. Higher extract concentrations led to a significant reduction in Anabaena sp. populations, with the 100% concentration yielding an 86% decrease on day 2, alongside a color reading of 1209 Cu, turbidity of 39.6 NTU, and TDS of 114.5 mg/l. Microscopic observations revealed notable cell disintegration and damage in Anabaena sp. This study confirms that bioactive compounds, such as brazilin and flavonoids in Caesalpinia sappan, contribute to ROS generation, leading to cell death in Anabaena sp. via oxidative stress.

Peran Satgas Pengolahan Sampah di Pantai Suak Baru Simeulue dalam Pemanfaatan Kompos dari Daun dan Ranting untuk Produktivitas Pertanian Darsan, Herri; Suyono, Eko Agus; Nurcahyo, Raden Wisnu; Kurniawan, Adhy; Muslimah, Yuliatul; Hermi, Rudi; Haikal, Muhammad; Irja, Muhammad; Baroqah, Nuzul
Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat: Darma Bakti Teuku Umar Vol 6, No 2 (2024): Juli-Desember
Publisher : Universitas Teuku Umar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35308/baktiku.v6i2.10799

Suak Baru Village in Simeulue Regency, Aceh, faces challenges in waste management, particularly in the tourist area of Suak Baru Beach. This situation is exacerbated by the lack of adequate waste management facilities, leading to environmental pollution that threatens public health and the area's attractiveness to tourists. The design of this community service program aims to increase the community's preparedness for the adoption of environmentally friendly waste management technologies, specifically composting and plastic recycling methods. The activities include socialization, training, technology implementation, and program sustainability evaluation. The program's results show a significant improvement in the community’s understanding of effective waste management. The use of organic and plastic shredding technology successfully reduced waste volume and created economic value through recycled products. It is hoped that government support and active community participation will ensure the sustainability of this program for a cleaner, healthier environment and improved local economic welfare.

Effect of Light Intensity on Growth and Primary Metabolites Content of Navicula sp. Mudrikah, Siti; Putri, Renata Adaranyssa Egistha; Kurnianto, Dedy; Rasdi, Abdurrahman Muhammad Fikri; Tia, Erfianti; Suyono, Eko Agus
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 16 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v16i3.13899

Global energy demand is steadily rising, necessitating the exploration of sustainable alternatives. Microalgae, such as Navicula sp., offer a promising solution. This study investigated the impact of light intensity on the growth, and biochemical composition (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and carotenoids) of Navicula sp. Cultures were grown in f/2 medium under four light intensity treatments: 2100 lux (control), 3500 lux, 4500 lux, and 5500 lux. Cell growth was measured through optical density analysis. Carbohydrate, lipid, protein, and carotenoid assays were performed using phenol-sulfuric acid, Bligh and Dyer, Bradford, and spectrophotometric methods. Maximum growth was observed on the eighth day of cultivation at 4500 lux light intensity. The best specific growth rate was achieved at 5500 lux. The highest biomass, carbohydrate, lipid, and protein productivity were attained at 5500 lux (24.65 mg/mL, 0.374 mg/mL/day, 0.399±0.204 mg/mL/day, and 0.025±0.018 mg/mL/day). Conversely, the highest carotenoid productivity was recorded at 2100 lux, 0.278±0.085 mg/mL/day. By those means, the increase in light intensity was positively correlated with microalgal cell growth, biomass, carbohydrate content, and carbohydrate, lipid, and protein productivity. However, a negative correlation was found with carotenoid pigment productivity. From this research, it is evident that a light intensity of 5500 lux offers a feasible option for the industrial-scale cultivation of Navicula sp. microalgae for biomass, carbohydrate, and protein production, while 2100 lux is more suitable for carotenoid production. This research compares the findings to previous studies, emphasizing the unique way Navicula sp. responds to different light levels.

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