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(Study on Stomach Contents of Opudi Fish (Telmatherina celebensis) in Towuti Lake, South Sulawesi) Sulistiono, .; Furkon, A.; Affandi, R.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 5 No. 2 (2006): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (174.494 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.5.149-156

Abstract

Study on food habits of opudi fish (T. celebensis) was conducted in Towuti Lake, South Sulawesi, from October 2002 to April 2003.  The objective of this study was to investigate food habits of the fish.  Samples were collected by using experimental gill net, mesh size  0,75; 1; 1,25 and 1,5 inches. The fish (N=273) was consisted of 141 males and 132 females, varied in total body length (55.8-94.7 mm).  Stomach content was analyzed using Index of preponderance.  Stomach contents of the fish was consisted of 4 kinds of foods such as insect, part of organism,  debris and  zooplankton.  Main food of the fish was insect (IP 51.22% for male, 43.26% for female,  suplement food was part of insect (IP 26.99% for male, 30.27% for female) and debris (IP 14.06% for male, 15.83% for female), while additional food was zooplankton consisted of Closterium (IP 2.93% for male, 4.62% for female), Pinnularia (IP1.79% for male, IP 1.39% for female), Navicula (IP 1.19%, for male, 1.41% for female) and Nitzschia (IP 0.74% for male,  1.08% for female).  Food kind between male and female fish was similar. Keywords : Stomach contents, opudi fish (T.celebensis), Towuti Lake.   ABSTRAK Penelitian makanan ikan opudi (T.celebensis) dilakukan di Danau Towuti, Sulawesi Selatan pada bulan Oktober 2002-April 2003. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui isi lambung ikan opudi. Ikan contoh diambil dengan experimental gill net dengan ukuran mata jaring 0,75; 1; 1,25 dan 1,5 inchi.  Ikan yang tertangkap (N=273) terdiri atas Jantan (141) dan betina (132), yang memiliki variasi ukuran panjang tubuh (55,8-94,7 mm). Isi lambung dianalisis dengan menggunakan Index of preponderance (IP).  Isi lambung terdiri dari 4 jenis makanan yaitu insekta, potongan tubuh insekta, serasah dan zooplankton. Makanan utama ikan opudi adalah insekta (IP 51,22% untuk jantan,  43,26% untuk betina), makanan pelengkap adalah potongan insekta (IP 26,99% untuk jantan, 30,27% untuk betina) dan serasah (IP 14,06% untuk jantan, 15,83% untuk betina), sedangkan makanan tambahan berupa zooplankton yang terdiri atas Closterium (2,93% untuk jantan, 4,62% untuk betina), Pinnularia (1,79% untuk jantan, 1,39% untuk betina), Navicula (1,19% untuk jantan, 1,41% untuk betina) and Nitzschia (0,74% untuk jantan, 1,08% untuk betina). Berdasarkan indeks similaritas, jenis makanan untuk ikan jantan dan ikan betina adalah mirip. Kata kunci : Isi lambung, ikan opudi (T.celebensis), Danau Towuti.
Preliminary study on domestication of coconut crab (Birgus latro) Sulistiono, .; Refiani, S.; Tantu, F.Y.; ., Muslihuddin
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 2 (2007): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (219.985 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.6.183-189

Abstract

Preliminary study on domestication of coconut crab (Birgus latro) had been done since June - November 2004 and December - 2005 February 2006.  Study was carried out in two locations namely Laboratory of Sekolah Tinggi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Palu to study adult crab, and Laboratory of Ecobiology of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University to study crab in clomang stage.  Adult crabs were collected by using some fishing gears namely trap, net and directly using bamboo stick.  Domestication was done in rearing batch sized 1x1x1 m3 with artificial nests (30x15x15 cm3), and small batch for water (7x10x10 cm3).  While for clomang stage, crabs were reared in aquarium (80x40x40 cm3) with debris and small water batch.  Result showed that adult crab had a survival rate around 12.5-0%, and mortality around 50-87.5%.  A similar result was also in clomang stage, which was 12.5% for survival rate and 87.5% for mortality.  Adult coconut crab was preferred to feed coconut than other food likely vegetable and chick. Keywords: domestication, coconut crab, Birgus latro, food habit   ABSTRAK Penelitian awal mengenai kajian awal penangkaran kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) dilakukan pada bulan Juni - November 2004 dan Desember 2005 Februari 2006.  Pelaksanaan penelitian di lakukan di dua tempat, yaitu Laboratorium Sekolah Tinggi Kelautan dan Perikanan, Palu untuk percobaan kepiting dewasa, dan Laboratorium Ekobiologi Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan IPB Bogor,  untuk percobaan kepiting tahap klomang.  Kepiting dewasa ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan a.l. perangkap, jaring dan secara langsung dengan tongkat.  Penangkaran dilakukan di bak-bak peliharaan berukuran 1x1x1 m3 yang dilengkapi dengan tempat persembunyian (30x15x15 cm3), dan bak kecil tempat air (7x10x10 cm3).  Sedangkan kepiting tahap klomang dipelihara di akuarium (80x40x40 cm3) yang diberi daun/serasah dan tempat air.  Hasil uji coba penangkaran kepiting kelapa dewasa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat survival rate berkisar 12,5-50%, dan tingkat mortalitasnya sebesar 50-87,5%.  Keadaan yang serupa juga dijumpai pada stadia klomang dimana survival ratenya sebesar 12,5% dan mortalitasnya sebesar 87,5%.  Dari uji coba makanan yang diberikan, diketahui bahwa kepiting dewasa kebanyakan lebih menyukai kelapa, dibandingkan jenis makanan yang berupa sayur ataupun ayam. Kata kunci:  penangkaran, kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro), makanan.
Preliminary study on the coconut crab (Birgus latro) rearing in captive pond Sulistiono, .; Kamal, M.M.; Butet, Nurlisa A.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 1 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (155.791 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.101-107

Abstract

Preliminary study on the coconut crab (Birgus latro) rearing was employed in captive pond at Citarate village, Lebak Regency (Banten) from May to December 2008.  The rearing activity was done in captive pond sized 5x5x1.3 m3 divided into 22 smaller ponds sized 1x1x1.3 m3 with a hiding hole (constructed by pile stones), supported by two small ponds sized 30x40x40 cm3 for sea and fresh water stocks, respectively.  The coconut crab (N=22 individuals at cement pond I and N=18 individuals at cement pond II) were reared in each small ponds (density: 1 individual/pond), feed by a piece of coconut (20-50 gram per individual in each cement pond).  The coconut and the water (sea and fresh water) were replaced for 2-3 times per week. Result of the study showed that survival rate was around 82% (ponds I) and 83% (ponds II), and mortality was around 18% (ponds I) and 18% (ponds II). The coconut crab growth at captive ponds I and II were around 17.5 and 52 gram per month, respectively. Key words:  Preliminary study, rearing, coconut crab (Birgus latro)   ABSTRAK Uji coba pemeliharaan kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) dilakukan di kolam penangkaran di Desa Citarate, Kabupaten Lebak (Banten) pada Bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008.  Kegiatan pemeliharaan dilakukan pada bak semen berukuran 5x5x1.3 m2 yang terbagi menjadi 22 bak semen lebih kecil yang berukuran 1x1x1.3 m3 dilengkapi dengan tempat persembunyian (berupa tumpukan batu), serta bak kecil sebagai tempat penampungan air laut dan tawar masing-masing berukuran 30x40x40 cm3. Kepiting kelapa (N=22 ekor pada kolam I dan N=18 pada kolam II) dimasukkan ke dalam setiap kolam (kepadatan 1 individu/kolam), dan diberikan pakan utama berupa potongan kelapa ukuran sekitar 20-50 gram per individu per kolam.  Penggantian kelapa dan air (tawar dan laut) dilakukan 2-3 kali per minggu. Hasil uji coba pemeliharaan kepiting kelapa menunjukkan bahwa tingkat sintasan (survival rate) di kolam peliharaan berkisar 82 (Kolam I) dan 83% (Kolam II), sedangkan tingkat kematian (mortalitas) sebesar 18 (Kolam I) dan 17% (Kolam II).  Pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa di kolam penangkaran I dan masing-masing adalah sekitar 17,5 dan 52 gram per bulan. Kata kunci:  Uji coba, pemeliharaan, kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro).
Study on food habits of herring (Clupea fimbriata) in Ujung Pangkah Waters, East Java Sulistiono, .; Robiyanto, M.; Brodjo, M.; Simanjuntak, C.P.
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (426.913 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.9.38-45

Abstract

Herring Clupea fibriata is an important fishery resource in Indonesia. This species is found in large number in Ujung Pangkah Waters. This study aims to investigate food habits of the species. The study was done from July to December 2005, in Ujung Pangkah Waters (Gresik, East Java Province), using samples of 313 individuals consisting of 147 males and 166 female fish, collected by gill net and fix net. Study result shows that food habit of the herring was consisted of Bacillariophyceae (7 genera), Crustacea (3 genera), Ciliate (2 genera), Dynophycea (2 genera), and detritus. Bacillariophyceae is a main food, Crustacea is additional food, and Ciliata and detritus is complementary food both for male and female fish. Electivity indeks of the fish varied from -0,99 to 0,45 (male) and -0,98 to 0,51 (female). According to the index, Skeletonema and Calanus are the dominant food of the fish collected in the Ujung Pangkah Waters. Key words:  Food habits, herring  (Clupea fibriata), Ujung Pangkah, Gresik   ABSTRAK Ikan tembang (Clupea fibriata) merupakan salah satu sumberdaya perikanan yang cukup penting di Indonesia. Jenis ikan ini cukup banyak ditemukan di perairan Ujung Pangkah. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis makanan ikan tembang yang tertangkap di daerah tersebut.  Penelitian dilaksanakan sejak Juli sampai Desember 2005, di daerah Perairan Ujung Pangkah (Gresik, Jawa Timur), dengan pengambilan sampel ikan sebanyak 313 ekor yang terdiri atas 147 ekor jantan dan 166 ekor betina, menggunakan alat tangkap jaring insang (gill net) dan jeger (fix net). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa ikan tembang memiliki makanan yang terdiri atas Bacillariophyceae (7 jenis), Crustacea (3 jenis), Ciliata (2 jenis), Dynophycea (2 jenis), dan detritus.  Kelompok Bacillariophyceae merupakan kelompok makanan utama, Crustacea merupakan makanan pelengkap, dan Ciliata dan detritus merupakan makanan tambahan baik pada ikan jantan maupun ikan betina.  Indeks pilihan makanan ikan tembang berkisar antara -0,99 sampai 0,45 (pada ikan jantan) dan -0,98 sampai 0,51 (pada ikan betina). Berdasarkan  indeks tersebut, Skeletonema dan Calanus merupakan jenis yang banyak dimakan ikan tembang di perairan Ujung Pangkah. Kata kunci:  Makanan, ikan tembang (Clupea fibriata), Ujung Pangkah, Gresik
Gonad Maturity of Coconut Crab (Birgus latro) in Pasoso Island, Central Sulawesi Sulistiono, .; Refiani, Suzana; Tantu, Fadly Y.; Muslihuddin, .
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2009): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (102.602 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.8.175-184

Abstract

Study on gonad maturity of coconut crab (Birgus latro) was carried out from June 2004 to January 2005.  Crabs were collected by some gears such as trap, net and by hand. Observation was done to know sex ratio, gonad maturity and eggs diameter, while analysis was employed to estimate condition factor, gonado somatic index and fecundity.  Observation result showed that condition factor, gonad maturity and gonado somatic index varied depending on sampling month. Gonado somatic index showed a high value around November/December.  A similar result was also showed by condition factor and gonado somatic index that was high around November /December. Fecundity varied from 58.717 to 197.400. Oocyte diameter varied from 0,015 to 0,035 mm,  had one mode that is clasified to be a total spawner. Keywords :  Gonad maturity, coconut crab (Birgus latro), total spawner.   ABSTRAK Penelitian tentang kematangan gonad kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) dilakukan sejak Juni 2004 sampai Februari 2005.  Sampel kepiting ditangkap dengan menggunakan beberapa peralatan, yaitu perangkap, jaring dan secara langsung dengan tangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jenis kelamin, kematangan gonad dan diameter telur, sedangkan analisis dilakukan untuk menentukan faktor kondisi, indeks kematangan gonad, dan fekunditas.  Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa faktor kondisi, kematangan gonad dan indeks kematangan gonad bervariasi tergantung dari bulan pengambilan contoh. Pengamatan kematangan gonad menunjukkan bahwa nilai tertinggi terdapat pada November/Desember.  Keadaan yang sama juga ditunjukkan dengan nilai faktor kondisi dan indeks kematangan gonad yang cukup tinggi pada bulan November /Desember. Fekunditas berkisar antara 58.717-197.400 butir telur. Diameter telur berkisar antara 0,015-0,035 mm,  memiliki 1 puncak sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai total spawner. Kata kunci :  Kematangan gonad, kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro), total spawner.
Reproduction of tank goby(Glossogobius giuris) in Ujung Pangkah Waters, East Java Sulistiono, .
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 1 (2012): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1337.073 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.11.64-75

Abstract

Tank goby (Glossogobius giuris) is a commonly fish found in coastal area. This study was aimed to investigate reproduction of the fish. Samples were collected from July to December 2005 from fish caught by fishermen using gill net and trap net in Ujung Pangkah Waters. Analysis was done to estimate sex ratio, gonad maturity, gonado somatic index, fecundity, and oocyte diameter. During the observation, the tank goby fish was 198 individual consisted of 112 male and 86 female fish varied 63‒230 mm in total body length. Sex ratio was around 1:1.1. First maturity gonad of male was 111‒134mm and female was 87‒110 mm total body length, respectively. According to gonad maturity stage and gonado somatic index, the fish was estimated to spawn from July to December. During July and August, the gonad maturity stage and gonado somatic index were higher indicating a lot of spawning fish during those months. Fecundity was 10,640‒150,639eggs and oocyte diameter was 49‒372 µm. Based on the oocyte distribution, the fish was estimated apartial spawner. Keywords: Ujung Pangkah Waters, reproduction,tank goby,Glossogobius giuris
Aspek biologi reproduksi ikan pari blentik Neotrygon kuhlii di perairan Selat Sunda Abubakar, Salma; Boer, Mennofatria; Sulistiono, ,
Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 2 (2016): Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society of Scientific Aquaculture (ISSA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3317.403 KB) | DOI: 10.19027/jai.15.2.189-197

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ABSTRACT Bluespotted stingray fish Neotrygon kuhlii is the important fish economically captured from Sunda Strait. Intensive fishing could decrease bluespotted stingray stock. This study was aimed to know the length-weight, and reproduction characteristic. The reproduction characteristic covered the size of first gonad maturity, the level and also index of gonad maturity of bluespotted stingray fish in Labuan Fishing Dock, Banten. The result showed the equilibrium of length-weight of female fish was about W=0.0007L2,1496. Meanwhile, the male fish was about W=0.0000L2.251. Male fish was better than female fish according their relatively condition factor. Decreasing of the factor condition was caused by feeding habit to grow the reproduction cells. The size of first gonad maturity for the female and male respectively were about 550–799 dan 550–760 mm. The highest level maturity even female or male was on IV achieved in June and Juli 2013. Increasing the index (IKG) was followed by the level of gonad maturity. Kata kunci: bluespotted stingray, reproductive characteristic, condition factor, Sunda Strait  ABSTRAK Ikan pari blentik Neotrygon kuhlii merupakan salah satu sumberdaya ikan ekonomis penting dan sebagai hasil penangkapan di Selat Sunda. Penangkapan yang intensif dapat mengakibatkan penurunan stok ikan pari blentik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui panjang bobot, dan  karakteristik reproduksi. Karaktersitik reproduksi itu sendiri meliputi ukaran pertama kali matang gonad, tingkat kematangan gonad dan indeks kematangan gonad ikan pari blentik di perairan Selat Sunda yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai (PPP) Labuan, Banten. Berdasarkan hubungan panjang bobot ikan pari betina diperoleh persamaan hubungan panjang dan bobot untuk ikan pari blentik betina W=0,0007L2,1496. Sementara itu pada ikan jantan, persamaan hubungan panjang bobot W=0,0000L2,251. Ikan pari blentik jantan mempunyai faktor kondisi yang relatif lebih besar daripada ikan pari betina. Penurunan nilai faktor kondisi disebabkan bagian terbesar dari makanan yang dikonsumsi digunakan untuk perkembangan sel-sel reproduksinya. Kisaran ukuran pertama kali matang gonad ikan pari blentik betina 550–799, sedangkan untuk ikan pari jantan adalah dengan kisaran panjang total tubuh 550–760 mm. Tingkat kematangan gonad tertinggi ikan betina dan jantan (TKG IV) ditemukan pada bulan Juni dan Juli 2013. Indeks kematangan gonad (IKG) ikan pari semakin meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya TKG. Keywords: ikan pari blentik, karakteristik reproduksi, faktor kondisi, Selat Sunda
Literasi Digital Investor Ritel di Era Disrupsi: Navigasi Keuangan Pribadi dan Pasar Modal Menuju Society 5.0 yang Berkelanjutan Endro Isnugroho; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Nida Urrahma Hidayati
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Desember : Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Manajemen Kewirausahaan dan Bisnis Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/prosemnasimkb.v2i2.201

Abstract

The era of digital disruption has brought significant changes to people's behavior, including investment activities. Retail investors have increasingly easy access to the capital market through digital applications such as Neo HOTs, Bibit, and Stockbit. However, this convenience is not always accompanied by adequate digital financial literacy. This study aims to explore retail investors' experiences using digital investment applications and understand their perceptions of sustainable investing in the Society 5.0 era. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach with in-depth interviews with a number of active retail investors. The findings indicate that the majority of retail investors are attracted to investing due to ease of access and promotions, but many still make impulsive decisions based on social media trends (fear of missing out/FOMO). A small number of investors are beginning to understand the importance of sustainable investing (ESG), although it has not yet become a primary consideration in investment decisions. This study emphasizes the importance of more targeted digital financial literacy so that people can use technology wisely, maintain personal financial sustainability, and contribute to sustainable development.
Arsitektur Percabangan Pohon Di Taman Kota Kediri ida rahmawati; Septa Adi Hendarso; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Imas Cintamulya
Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya (JB&P) Vol 9 No 2 (2022): Oktober 2022
Publisher : Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29407/jbp.v9i2.18857

Abstract

Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kawasan Perkotaan (RTHKP) berperan penting dalam mengatasi masalah degradasi lingkungan seperti: menurunkan kadar CO2, meningkatkan kadar O2, area resapan air, serta sebagai tempat interaksi masyarakat.. Salah satu ruang terbuka hijau di Kota Kediri adalah taman kota yang sebagian besar vegetasinya berupa pohon dan setiap spesies memiliki arsitektur khas.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model arsitektur pohon yang ada di taman Kota Kediri. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2022 dengan metode jelajah dan kajian literatur pada tiga taman di Kota Kediri yaitu Taman Sekartaji, Taman Hutan Joyoboyo dan Taman Ngronggo.. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan 33 jenis pohon, 17 suku dengan 11 model arsitektur pohon yaitu: model Rauh, Troll, Corner, Roux, Scarrone, Attims, Aubreville, Leeuwenberg, Massart, Prevost dan Tomlinson
Variasi Struktur Morfologi Umbi dan Daun Ubi Jalar (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Hasil Persilangan Alami Asesi Antin 1 dengan Beta 2 ida rahmawati; Sulistiono Sulistiono; Budhi Utami
Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya (JB&P) Vol 10 No 1 (2023): APRIL 2023
Publisher : Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29407/jbp.v10i1.19930

Abstract

The phenotype of a living thing is determined by the DNA sequence inherited from the male and female parents. The phenotype of a cross on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) cannot be predicted using Mendel's Law rules because the dominance/recessive trait in the parents is not known, as a result of self sterility. This study aims to describe the morphological structure of tubers and leaves resulting from natural crosses of Asesi Antin 1 and Beta 2 sweet potatoes. The study was conducted in an observational non-experimental manner on plants resulting from natural crosses of sweet potato Antin 1 with Beta 2 assesion. All seeds resulting from the crosses were germinated in soil : sand media with a ratio of 3: 1. Furthermore, the growing sprouts were planted in plastic pots with a diameter of 30 cm with a medium consisting of soil: sand: compost = 3: 2: 1,then harvested after 7 months of age. The tuber morphological structures observed were shape tuber character, skin color predominant, and tuber flesh predominant color characters, while the leaf morphological structures observed were circumscriptio, margo folii, number of lobus, and the leaf vein color. The number of seedlings that managed to grow to maturity was 10 plants and had a variety of tuber and leaf morphological structures One plant did tubers, and the other 9 plants produced of tubers.The morphological characteristics of the tubers and leaves of all individuals were as follows: 1) tuber shape characters, rounded, oblong and obovate for 1 plant each, long irregular, long oblong and ovate for 2 plants each; 2) the dominant color of tuber skin, 1 plant was purple, 5 plants were cream, and 3 plants were red; 3) the dominant color characters of tuber flesh were purple and white-purple each 3 plants, 2 plants were yellow-white and 1 plant was yellow; 4) the character of circumscriptio of triangular leaves is 3 plants and the cordatus leaves is 7 plants; 5) the character of the margo folii, 3 plants are palmati fidus, 5 plants are palmati partitus and 1 plant is palmati lobus; 6) the character of the number of lobes, 3 lobes is 3 plants, 5 lobes is 5 plants, 4 and 7 lobes is 1 plant each; and 7) the character of the vein of leave, green veins is 8 plants, purple and purple at the base only is 1 plant each.
Co-Authors . Arisyono . Muslihuddin . Sudarmanto ., Carissa A. Furkon Abubakar, Salma Achmad Fahrudin Agus Muji Santoso Agustinus M Samosir Ahmad Zahid Akhmad Firmansyah Aldi Chandra Khoncara Ali Mashar Ali Suman Anang Najamuddin Andi Chadijah Aris Darmansah Azis Purwantoro Bahroin Tampubolon Budhi Utami C.P. Simanjuntak Chadijah, Andi Charles Parningotan Haratua Simanjuntak Citra Sari D.S. Sjafei Dewi Anjani Febriani Diah Etika Maharatih Setiarina Dian Herawati Djadja S . Sjafei Djamar Tumpal F. Lumbanbatu Dwi Ari Budi Retnani Eddy Supriyono Endah Purnamawati Ertika Noviani Etty Riani F.Y. Tantu Fadly Y Tantu Faleh Setia Budi Fredinan Yulianda G.S. Haryani Gadis Sri Haryani Happy Widyarini Hawis H Madduppa Ida Rahmawati Imas Cintamulya Isdradjad Setyobudiandi Isdrajad Setyobudiandi Ismail Ismail Isnugroho, Endro Issirep Sumardi Jack Mamangke Jifi Abu Ammar Joko Purnomo Kurniawati H Ekosafitri Lilik Rodiana M F Rahardjo M Nursid M. Brodjo M. M. Kamal M. Robiyanto M.M. Kamal Ma’arif, Roisul Marcella Rara Priani Maria Ulfa Megandhi Gusti Wardhana Mennofatria Boer Mita Ory Pakarti Mohammad Mukhlis Kamal Muhammad Atma Aditya Muhammad Fadjar Rahardjo Muhammad Ichsan Ismail Muhammad Raihan Pambudi Muhammad Salman MUJIZAT KAWAROE Murniarti Brodjo Murniarti Brojo Muslihuddin . Muslihuddin . Nadya Adharani Nica Cah yani Nida Urrahma Hidayati Niken T.M. Pratiwi Nur Rohim Nurlisa Alias Butet Nurul Widayati Perangin-angin, Robet Putri, Kharisma Eka R F . Kaswadji R F Kaswadji R. Affandi Rahmat Kurnia Resna Handayani RIDWAN AFFANDI Risa Tiuria Riza Fatchur Rochim Rizqan Khairan Munandar Roisul Ma’arif Romanus Edy Prabowo Rugaya H. Serosero S. Refiani S.H. Nasution Salma Abubakar Santoso . Selia Hermawati Septa Adi Hendarso Setyo Adelia Putri Sigid Hariyadi Siti Sofiah Sonja Kleinertz Subiyanto . Suzana Refiani Suzana Refiani Taufik Fakih Hakiki Thomas Nugroho Ujang Sehabudin, Ujang Wahyuni, Sri Widjojo, Adi Yeni Irawati Yudha Prastyo Yunizar Ernawati Zailani , Rinawati Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen Zulkarnain