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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences JURNAL ILMU DAN TEKNOLOGI PETERNAKAN Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology JITRO (Jurnal Ilmiah dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis) Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Jurnal Biologi Tropis JURNAL ILMIAH PETERNAKAN TERPADU Jurnal Ruaya : Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmu Perikanan dan Kelautan Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Media Kontak Tani Ternak JANHUS: Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Journal of Animal Husbandry Science Jurnal Ruaya : Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmu Perikanan dan Kelautan Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan
Abun Abun
Universitas Padjadjaran
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN PADA BAYAM, BIT, DAN DEDAK GANDUM SEBAGAI SUMBER SENYAWA BETAIN PADA PAKAN UNGGAS Yahdiyani, Nadhira; Abun, Abun; Asmara, Indrawati Yudha
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v12i1.56606

Abstract

Betaine yang dikenal juga sebagai trimetilglisin, tersebar luas di tanaman, hewan, mikroba, dan sumber nutrisi yang melimpah seperti makanan laut, bayam, bit, dan dedak gandum. Dalam bidang nutrisi hewan, termasuk untuk unggas, betain sering digunakan sebagai tambahan pakan untuk mengurangi stress oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi analisis proksimat, rendemen ekstrak, aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar betain pada tiga jenis sumber nabati yaitu bayam, bit dan dedak gandum yang mengandung betain pada pakan unggas. Penelitian menggunakan penelitian eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan. Proses ekstrasi ketiga bahan nabati menggunakan metode refluks. Parameter yang diamati diantaranya analisis proksimat yaitu kadar air, kadar abu, protein, dan lemak serta nilai rendemen, aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar betain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahan nabati dedak gandum memiliki kandungan kadar air 8.45%, abu 5.01%, lemak 0.39%, nilai rendemen 19.60% dan aktivitas antioksidan 1,365.79 ppm yang lebih baik dibanding kedua bahan nabati lainnya. Sedangkan bayam menunjukkan kadar protein 26.17% dan bit menunjukkan hasil kadar betain 1138 mg/100g lebih tinggi dibanding kedua bahan nabati lainnya. Sehingga pada penelitian ini penggunaan dedak gandum direkomendasikan karena memiliki kadar air, abu dan lemak yang rendah, nilai rendemen serta aktivitas antioksidan yang lebih baik dibanding kedua bahan lainnya.
Improving the Quality of Feed Ingredients Using Enzymes Haetami, Kiki; Abun, Abun
Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2024): February
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/

Abstract

Commercial feed contributes to the operational costs of aquaculture production activities. On the other hand, making your feed requires formulation and availability of raw materials in maintained quantity and quality. Local feed raw materials can be used as alternative ingredients. Still, one of the obstacles is several limiting factors, such as crude fiber and the binding of some essential nutrients, such as protein and minerals. Hence, nutrient utilization is low and has a direct impact on growth. Adding feed additives as sources of enzymes is considered to help speed up the digestive process so sufficient nutrients are available for growth and survival. Enzymes break down large molecules such as crude fiber starch, increasing protein and fat into forms easily digested and absorbed by fish. This paper aims to review the use of enzymes to improve the quality of fish feed ingredients. The method used is Literature Review. Improving the quality of feed raw materials with the help of enzymes can increase the quality of fish feed ingredients. Application of enzymes in fish feed as additional feed ingredients (feed additives) through the addition of commercial enzymes, enzymes from plant or animal extracts, and microbial enzymes
Quantitative Analysis of Omega-3 Content in Fish Waste and Its Application as Aquafeed Kiki Haetami; Abun, Abun; Putri, Aorenza Delviana; Farsya Fadillah Willyanissa; Aldiansyah, Aldiansyah; Mario Kristianto Triputra Sihombing
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9301

Abstract

Indonesia has significant potential in fisheries waste production, yet its utilization remains suboptimal due to its low economic value. However, this waste contains essential nutrients such as protein, essential fats, minerals, and vitamins that are beneficial for shrimp growth and health. Meanwhile, the high cost of commercial shrimp feed has driven the demand for more affordable alternatives, one of which is the utilization of fish waste. This study aims to analyze the omega-3 content in fish waste and evaluate its potential as an alternative feed ingredient to enhance the economic value of fisheries waste while providing nutritious feed at a reduced cost. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through a literature review, with data collected from theses, scientific articles, and relevant journals. Data analysis was systematically conducted using the Miles and Huberman model, encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that various fish waste components (bones, skin, fins, head, and scales) contain essential nutrients including protein (≥50%), fat (≥10%), and ash (≤5%), meeting feed ingredient standards. However, it is important to note that excessive levels of unsaturated fatty acids may compromise feed quality, necessitating proper management. In conclusion, this study highlights the significant potential of fish waste as an omega-3-rich alternative feed source that can increase the economic value of fisheries waste and reduce production costs, provided that nutrient composition is carefully regulated.
Physical Processing of Various Forage Plants and Their Application in Aquafeed Development Haetami, Kiki; Aisyah, Aisyah; Abun, Abun
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9505

Abstract

Feed is a crucial element in aquaculture, directly influencing the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms. This study aims to explore the potential of forage-based ingredients as alternative feed sources to reduce reliance on costly conventional inputs such as fish meal. Various locally available forages, including aquatic plants (Azolla sp., Lemna sp., and water hyacinth), tree legumes (leucaena and calliandra), and tuber crops (cassava leaves), were evaluated based on their nutritional composition and feasibility for use in aquafeed. Processing methods such as physical (drying, grinding, pelletizing), chemical (acid and enzyme addition), and biological (fermentation using Aspergillus niger or rumen enzymes) treatments were applied to enhance digestibility and reduce antinutritional factors. Analytical assessments showed that these treatments significantly lowered crude fiber content while increasing protein concentration and improving palatability. Fermented leucaena leaves and azolla powder, for instance, demonstrated improved nutritional profiles and potential for inclusion in practical feed formulations. The study concludes that forage-based feed processing improves feed efficiency and supports sustainable, low-cost aquaculture. Continued innovation in forage processing technology is recommended to support national feed self-sufficiency goals and promote environmentally friendly aquaculture practices.
RENDEMEN, pH, DAN PROFIL FITOKIMIA POLLARD SEBAGAI SUMBER BETAIN PADA LAMA MASERASI BERBEDA DENGAN PELARUT METANOL Febria, Najwa Ezza; Mushawwir, Andi; Abun, Abun
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 13 No 2 (2025): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2025.13.2.95-191

Abstract

Pollard merupakan hasil samping penggilingan gandum yang berpotensi sebagai sumber betain alami untuk pakan fungsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh lama maserasi pollard menggunakan pelarut metanol terhadap rendemen, pH, dan profil fitokimia. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Riset dan Pengujian Bioteknologi Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Padjadjaran menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan waktu maserasi (24, 36, 48, dan 72 jam) dan lima ulangan. Data rendemen dan pH dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji Duncan, serta data profil fitokimia dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama maserasi selama 48 jam menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi sebesar 6,60% dan menghasilkan pH maserasi dan ekstrak tertinggi. Profil fitokimia menunjukkan kandungan senyawa bioaktif paling optimal pada lama maserasi 48 jam, sementara pada perlakuan 72 jam mengalami penurunan kandungan senyawa bioaktif. Disimpulkan bahwa lama maserasi selama 48 jam merupakan waktu optimal untuk memperoleh ekstrak pollard. ABSTRACT Pollard is a byproduct of wheat milling that has the potential to be a source of natural betaine for functional feed. This study aims to analyze the effect of pollard maceration time using methanol solvent on yield, pH, and phytochemical profile. The study was conducted at the Biotechnology Research and Testing Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four maceration time treatments (24, 36, 48, and 72 hours) and five replications. Yield and pH data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's test, and phytochemical profile data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that a maceration time of 48 hours produced the highest yield of 6.60% and produced the highest maceration pH and extract. The phytochemical profile showed the most optimal bioactive compound content at a maceration time of 48 hours, while the 72-hour treatment experienced a decrease in bioactive compound content. It was concluded that a maceration time of 48 hours is the optimal time to obtain pollard extract.
KECERNAAN RANSUM AYAM BROILER DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MIKROKAPSUL EKSTRAK LIMBAH IKAN PATIN FERMENTASI Rinaldi, Muhamad Agus; Abun, Abun; Rusmana, Denny
Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman Vol 13 No 2 (2025): Agrinimal Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Tanaman
Publisher : Jurusan Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ajitt.2025.13.2.157-166

Abstract

Industri pengolahan ikan patin di Indonesia menyisakan limbah yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pakan suplemen ayam broiler, tetapi diperlukan fermentasi untuk menurunkan kandungan lemaknya dan mikroenkapsulasi untuk melindungi kandungan nutriennya dari kerusakan oksidasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh penambahan mikrokapsul ekstrak limbah ikan patin fermentasi (MELIPF) dan mendapatkan level penambahan MELIPF yang menghasilkan nilai kecernaan Bahan Kering (KcBK), Bahan Organik (KcBO), dan protein (KcP) ransum tertinggi ayam broiler. Sebanyak 80 ekor ayam broiler strain Cobb500 diberi ransum dengan perlakuan penambahan MELIPF 0%, 0,5%, 1%, 1,5%, dan 2%. Sampel ransum dan feses dianalisis kandungan BK, BO, dan proteinnya serta lignin sebagai indikator. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dilanjut dengan uji beda nyata terkecil untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan MELIPF berpengaruh terhadap nilai KcBK, KcBO, dan KcP ransum ayam broiler. Penambahan MELIPF 0,5%, 1%, dan 2% berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan 0% MELIPF pada KcBK dan KcBO, sedangkan penambahan 2% MELIPF berpengaruh nyata (p<00,05) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan 0% MELIPF pada KcP. Penambahan 1,5% MELIPF menghasilkan nilai KcBK, KcBO, dan KcP ransum ayam broiler tertinggi. ABSTRACT The catfish processing industry in Indonesia generates waste that can be used as supplementary feed for broiler chickens, but it requires fermentation to reduce fat and microencapsulation to protect nutrients from oxidation. This study aimed to determine the effect of additional fermented catfish waste extract microcapsules (FCWEM) and obtain the optimal level of FCWEM addition that produces the highest digestibility ​​of Dry Matter (DM), Organic Matter (OM), and protein in broiler chicken rations. 80 Cobb500 strain broiler chickens were given rations with FCWEM addition treatments of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. Ration and feces samples were analyzed for their DM, OM, protein, and indicator lignin. Data obtained were analyzed for variance with a completely randomized design, followed by the least significant difference test to determine differences between treatments. Results showed the addition of FCWEM affected the digestibility of DM, OM, and protein in broiler chicken rations. The addition of FCWEM 0.5%, 1%, and 2% had a significantly lower effect (p<0.05) compared to 0% FCWEM on digestibility DM and OM, while the addition of 2% FCWEM had a significantly lower effect (p<0.05) compared to 0% MELIPF on digestibility protein. The addition of 1.5% FCWEM produced the highest digestibility ​​of DM, OM, and protein in broiler chicken rations.
The Phytase and Microbial Potential in Fish Feed: A Review Haetami, Kiki; Amanda, Trisna Rosa; Abun, Abun
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8241

Abstract

Phytic acid is a form of phosphorus storage that can interfere with the absorption of starch and protein as an energy source from cereal grain flour. This review aims to explore the benefits of microbial fermentation processing in producing phytase enzymes to degrade phytic acid and improve the nutritional quality of grain-based fish feed. Through a comprehensive literature study approach, reviewing the mechanism of phytase production, characteristics of potential microbes, and fermentation process optimization strategies that can affect the effectiveness of enzymes in reducing phytic acid content. The results of the study showed that the microbes Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, and Lactobacillus plantarum have the potential to produce phytase. Optimization of environmental conditions in fermentation and phytase application is influenced by media composition, environmental parameters, microbial strains and fish species, becoming the key to the success of effective enzyme application. Optimal fermentation conditions range from pH 4.5-6.5 and temperature 45-55℃. Addition of phytase with a dose of 0.75-2 g/kg feed can increase growth. Phytase can increase digestibility and is effectively needed (range 500-1500 mg/kg) in farmed fish.
Co-Authors A. Destian Aisyah Aisyah Aldiansyah, Aldiansyah Amanda, Trisna Rosa Andi Mushawwir Andri Kusmayadi Asmara, Indrawati Yudha Balia, Rostita L Denny Rusmana Denny Rusmana Dewi Intan Permatasari Eli Sahara Endang Sujana Eulis Tanti Marlina Farisy, Daffa Al Farsya Fadillah Willyanissa Febria, Najwa Ezza Iman Hernaman Ine Maulina Junianto . Junianto Junianto Junianto Kiki Haetami Kiki Haetami Kusumah, Fauziyyah Sausanti Wijaya Lovita Adriani Mario Kristianto Triputra Sihombing Muchtaridi Muchtaridi Muttaqin, Abdul Zainal Nadhira Yahdiyani Nurlaeni, Leni Putri, Aorenza Delviana Ratu Safitri Riki Saumi Nuryana Rinaldi, Muhamad Agus Roffi Grandiosa S. Darana Sukaya Sastrawibawa Tuti Widjastuti Tuti Widjastuti Ujang Hidayat Tanuwiria Yuli Andriani