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Perbandingan Produksi Biogas Biodigester Batch dan Kontinu pada Instalasi Biogas Kotoran Ternak Situmorang, Rosurya; Wirawan, I Putu Surya; Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 12 No 2 (2024): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2024.v12.i02.p18

Abstract

Teknologi biogas merupakan salah satu teknologi tepat guna mengolah limbah kotoran ternak secara anaerob dengan memanfaatkan bakteri methanogen untuk menghasilkan gas methana (CH4). Biogas menggunakan bahan baku kotoran ternak dapat diperbaharui (renewable fuel) dan mudah terbakar (flammable) dengan fermentasi anaerob memiliki kandungan gas methana (CH4) bersifat bersih, dan tidak berasap hitam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produksi biogas dengan lama waktu fermentasi yang sama dua biodigester upaya memperoleh perbandingan produksi biogas biodigester sistem batch dan kontinu pada instalasi biogas kotoran ternak. Penelitian dimulai dengan design biodigester menggunakan microsoft paint dan membuat alat biodigester. Biogas menggunakan perbandingan bahan baku kotoran babi dan air 1:1. Penelitian dilakukan dua kali uji coba yaitu : biodigester sistem batch sekali isi dan kontinu penambahan campuran bahan baku 18 kg sekali tiga hari. Kedua uji coba dilakukan pengamatan setiap hari menggunakan manometer U untuk menganalisis produksi biogas biodigester sistem batch dan kontinu. Berdasarkan analisis spesifikasi biodigester yang digunakan adalah kapasitas tabung reaktor 0,254 m3, kapasitas isi bahan baku 0,19 m3, volume ruang biogas 0,06 m3. Hasil uji coba dengan lama waktu fermentasi yang sama biodigester sistem batch mencapai tekanan maksimal hari ke-25 sebesar 104060,7 Pa dengan produksi biogas adalah 0,0616199 m3. Biodigester sistem kontinu mencapai tekanan maksimal hari ke-25 sebesar 105330,9 Pa dengan produksi biogas adalah 0,0623721 m3. Berdasarkan uji coba mendapat kesimpulan bahwa produksi biogas kontinu menghasilkan tekanan dan volume biogas lebih tinggi dari batch. Campuran bahan baku menghasilkan biogas lebih maksimal menggunakan biodigester batch dan untuk keberlanjutan produksi biogas setiap hari menggunakan biodigester kontinu. ABSTRACT Biogas technology is an appropriate technology for treating livestock manure anaerobically by utilizing methanogenic bacteria to produce methane gas (CH4). Biogas uses renewable and flammable livestock manure as raw material with anaerobic fermentation, contains methane (CH4) gas which is clean and does not have black smoke. This study aims to obtain biogas production with the same fermentation time for two biodigesters in an effort to obtain a comparison of batch and continuous biogas production in biogas installations of livestock manure. The research began with a biodigester design using Microsoft paint and making a biodigester tool. Biogas uses a raw material ratio of pig manure and water 1:1. The study was conducted in two trials, namely: a single-filled batch bio-digester system and continuous addition of 18 kg of raw material mixture once every three days. The two trials were observed every day using a U manometer to analyze the production of biogas from the batch and continuous biodigester systems. Based on the analysis of the specifications of the biodigester used, the capacity of the reactor tube is 0.254 m3, the raw material content capacity is 0.19 m3, the volume of the biogas chamber is 0.06 m3. The trial results with the same fermentation time of the batch system biodigester reached a maximum pressure of 25th day of 104060.7 Pa with biogas production of 0.0616199 m3. The continuous system biodigester achieves a maximum pressure on the 25th day of 105330.9 Pa with biogas production of 0.0623721 m3. Based on the trials, it was concluded that continuous biogas production produces higher pressure and volume of biogas than batches. The raw material mixture produces maximum biogas using a batch biodigester and for sustainable biogas production every day using a continuous biodigester.
Pengaruh Lama Penyinaran Led Merah Biru terhadap Pertumbuhan Pakcoy (Brassica Rapa L) Samur, Gregorius Adelbertus; Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna; Sulastri, Ni Nyoman
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 12 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2024.v12.i01.p04

Abstract

Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) merupakan salah satu sayuran penting di Asia. Light emitting diode (LED) merupakan salah satu cara untuk memanipulasi cahaya matahari dengan menyediakan warna LED merah dan biru. Warna cahaya LED merah biru sangat baik digunakan untuk mempercepat fotosintesis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh pengaruh berapa lama penyinaran LED merah biru yang menghasilkan pertumbuhan pakcoy terbaik. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan percobaan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan lama penyinaran, mulai dari 18, 16, 14, 12, dan 10 jam. Variable yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, luas kanopi, jumlah helai daun, jumlah kandungan klorofil (SPAD value), berat basah panen, biomassa dan panjang akar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan lama penyinaran 18 jam penyinaran LED merah biru menunjukkan hasil paling baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainya, meliputi hasil dengan rata-rata tinggi tanaman 17,4 cm, jumlah helai daun 11,5 helai, jumlah kandungan klorofil 43,7 unit, panjang akar 28 cm, berat basah tajuk dan akar 18,25 dan 0,95 gram, serta biomassa tajuk dan akar 1,21 dan 0,250 gram. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pertumbuhan dengan lama penyinaran LED merah biru berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan pakcoy. Abstract Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) is one of the essential vegetables in Asia. Light emitting diode (LED) can manipulate sunlight by providing red and blue LED colors. The red-blue LED light color is used to accelerate photosynthesis. This research was conducted to determine the irradiation of red-blue LEDs duration to produce the best pakcoy growth. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 (five) irradiation treatments, ranging from 18, 16, 14, 12, and 10 hours. Parameters observed include plant height, canopy area, number of leaf blades, amount of chlorophyll content (SPAD value), fresh weight of harvest, biomass, and root length. The results showed that 18 hours of red and blue LED irradiation was the best result compared to other treatments. Eighteen hours of red-blue LED irradiation duration showed the best results compared to other treatments. This treatment had an average plant height of 17.4 cm, a number of leaf blades of 11.5 strands, an amount of chlorophyll content of 43.7 units, a root length of 28 cm, fresh weight of canopies and roots of 18.25 and 0.95 grams, and trunk and root biomass were 1.21 and 0.250 grams. In summary, the growth with prolonged irradiation of red-blue LEDs has a significant effect on the growth of pakcoy.
Korelasi Nilai SPAD dengan Intensitas Serangan Penyakit Blas Pada Umur Padi Yang Berbeda Sudiarta, I Made; Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna; Sulastri, Ni Nyoman
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 12 No 1 (2024): April
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2024.v12.i01.p16

Abstract

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman pangan penting yang telah menjadi makanan pokok lebih dari setengah penduduk dunia. Padi sawah yaitu tanaman padi yang dalam pertumbuhannya memerlukan air. Ketidakpastian di masa depan terkait ketersediaan pangan menimbulkan rasa khawatir berbagai pihak karena berbagai tantangan yang ada. Tantangannya antara lain bekurangnya luas lahan pertanian yang produktif, masalah iklim, bahaya serangan hama dan penyakit tanaman serta peningkatan degradasi lahan. Tanaman yang sakit adalah tanaman yang tidak dapat melakukan aktifitas fisiologis secara sempurna, yang akan mengakibatkan tidak sempurnanya produksi baik secara kualitas maupun kuantitas. Penyakit blas merupakan salah satu penyakit utama pada pertanaman padi yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Pyricularia oryzae Cav. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menegetahui hubungan kandungan klorofil dengan intetnsitas serangan penyakit blas pada umur padi yang berbeda. Abstract Rice is an important food crop that has become the staple food for more than half of the world's population. Rice plant health is very important in determining crop yields. The value of chlorophyll has a close relationship with plant health which can determine the yield of rice production. If the health of the plant decreases, it will be susceptible to disease. Blast disease is one of the factors causing plant health to decline. The attack intensity of the disease can be seen in the green on the leaves. SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) is a simple tool that can determine the amount of chlorophyll in plant leaves called SPAD. This study aims (1) to determine the relationship between SPAD and the intensity of blast disease attacks. (2) To obtain a correlation value between SPAD and the intensity of blast disease attacks. Data collection was carried out in Medium Village which is in the Badung Regency area. Sampling data from the age of rice 71 to 94 HST (Day after Planting). To obtain data, 3 rice fields were measured diagonally, 5 points were taken for each rice field plot, 9 clumps were taken for each point, and the SPAD measurement for each clump was divided into 3 parts of the upper, middle, and lower leaf stems. Each leaf is divided into 3 top, middle, and bottom. The intensity can be seen from the distribution of the spots on the leaves. The development of intensity with age and SPAD with age, if the intensity value is high then the SPAD value is low otherwise if the SPAD value is high then the disease attack intensity value is low. From the research results it can be concluded that SPAD with intensity has a linear relationship, with a correlation value of 0.8634 or 86%. Correlated data is very strong because the correlation value exceeds 0.75 or 75%.
Analisis Tingkat Akurasi Pendugaan Serangan Penyakit Blas Menggunakan Pendekatan Citra Multispektral pada Berbagai Ketinggian Akuisisi Nirmalayani, Komang Puspha; Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna; Sumiyati, Sumiyati
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 12 No 2 (2024): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2024.v12.i02.p13

Abstract

Abstrak Pengukuran intesitas serangan penyakit blas biasanya dilakukan secara manual, sehingga diperlukan waktu lama dan ketelitian dalam mengidentifikasi. Hal tersebut dapat menghambat penanganan yang menyebabkan penyebaran semakin meluas sehingga beresiko terhadap penurunan produktivitas padi, maka diperlukan pengembangan mengenai pendugaan intesitas serangan melalui teknologi dengan menggunakan citra multispektral. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara indeks vegetasi dengan intensitas serangan penyakit padi pada berbagai ketinggian akuisisi citra dan mendapatkan akurasi pendugaan intensitas serangan penyakit padi pada berbagai ketinggian. Sampel intesitas serangan penyakit diambil sebanyak 3 petak dimana perpetaknya diambil 5 titik secara diagonal, setiap titik terdapat 9 rumpun. Akuisisi citra pada ketinggian 15 meter, 30 meter, dan 45 meter menggunakan drone Phantom 4 yang dilengkapi dengan kamera multispektral. Mosaiking menggunakan software Agisoft dan normalisasi menggunakan photoshop. Analisis indeks vegetasi NDVI, SAVI, CIG menggunakan QGIS 2.28. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan indeks vegetasi dengan intesitas serangan penyakit blas pada berbagai ketinggian berkorelasi linier. Indeks vegetasi NDVI 15meter, SAVI 15meter dan 30meter, CIG 15meter, 30meter, dan 45meter berkorelasi sangat kuat. Indeks vegetasi NDVI 30meter, SAVI 45meter berkorelasi kuat dengan intesitas serangan penyakit, sedangkan NDVI ketinggian 45meter berkorelasi cukup kuat dengan intesitas serangan. NDVI 15meter memiliki akurasi paling tinggi sebesar 97,96%. Citra multispektral dengan ketinggian 15meter dapat digunakan untuk menduga penyakit blas karena memiliki korelasi sangat kuat dan akurasi untuk pendugaan yang tinggi. Abstract Measurement of the intensity of blast disease attack is usually done manually, so it takes a long time and accuracy in identifying. This can hamper the handling which causes the spread to be more widespread so that it risks a decrease in rice productivity, so it is necessary to develop the estimation of attack intensity through technology using multispectral imagery. This study aims to determine the relationship between vegetation index and the intensity of rice disease attack at various heights of image acquisition and get the accuracy of estimating the intensity of rice disease attack at various heights. Samples of disease attack intensity were taken as many as 3 plots where each plot was taken 5 points diagonally with per point taken 9 clumps. Followed by acquiring images of heights of 15 meters, 30 meters, and 45 meters using a Phantom 4 drone equipped with a multispectral camera, after the image is obtained, continued mosaicing using Agisoft software, then normalization using Photoshop. NDVI, SAVI, CIG vegetation index analysis is carried out using QGIS 2.28. The results showed that correlation was made to obtain the equation used for validation, and accuracy. The relationship between vegetation index and blast disease intensity at various altitudes was linearly correlated. Vegetation index NDVI 15 meters, SAVI 15 meters and 30 meters, CIG 15 meters, 30 meters, and 45 meters were strongly correlated. Vegetation indices NDVI at 30 meters, SAVI at 45 meters were strongly correlated with disease intensity, while NDVI at 45 meters was moderately strongly correlated with disease intensity. The 15-meter NDVI had the highest accuracy of 97.96%. Multispectral imagery with a height of 15 meters can be used to predict blast disease because it has a very strong correlation and high accuracy for estimation.
Analisis Hubungan Nilai SPAD dengan Nilai Indeks Vegetasi pada Tanaman Padi yang Terserang Penyakit Blas Menggunakan Citra Multispektral Putra, Gede Suyoga Ariasta; Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna; Sumiyati, Sumiyati
Jurnal BETA (Biosistem dan Teknik Pertanian) Vol 12 No 2 (2024): September
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertanian dan Biosistem, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Udayana, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JBETA.2024.v12.i02.p08

Abstract

Abstrak Penyakit blas yaitu penyakit yang menyerang daun tanaman padi. Serangan penyakit blas dapat mempengaruhi klorofil dan kesehatan tanaman padi. Klorofil daun dapat diestimasi menggunakan alat klorofil meter SPAD untuk memperoleh nilai SPAD. Klorofil tanaman dapat diestimasi menggunakan citra multispektral dengan analisis indeks vegetasi. Nilai indeks vegetasi mempunyai hubungan kuat dengan klorofil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hubungan nilai SPAD dengan nilai Indeks Vegetasi pada tanaman padi yang terserang penyakit blas menggunakan citra multispektral dan menentukan tingkat korelasi nilai SPAD dengan nilai Indeks Vegetasi pada tanaman padi yang terserang penyakit blas menggunakan citra multispektral. Pengambilan sampel nilai SPAD dilakukan pada 3 petak sawah, setiap petak diambil 5 titik secara diagonal, setiap titik diambil 9 rumpun padi. Selanjutnya akuisisi citra multispektral menggunakan Drone DJI Phantom 4 dengan kamera multispektral pada ketinggian 15 m, 30 m, dan 45 m. Citra selanjutnya dimosaicking menggunakan Agisoft Metashape, kemudian dinormalisasi dengan Photoshop. Berikutnya analisis indeks vegetasi NDVI, CIG, dan SAVI menggunakan QGIS 3.16, dilanjutkan dengan analisis regresi antara nilai SPAD dengan nilai indeks vegetasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ketiga indeks vegetasi pada berbagai ketinggian menghasilkan hubungan linier dan tingkat korelasi berkisar kuat sampai sangat kuat. Tingkat korelasi kuat pada indeks NDVI 45 m (65,4%), SAVI 45 m (63,1%), dan tingkat korelasi sangat kuat pada indeks NDVI 15 m (94,2%), 30 m (79,5%), CIG 15 m (80,5%), 30 m (84,8%), 45 m (82,5%), dan SAVI 15 m (80,5%), 30 m (78%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa indeks vegetasi NDVI dengan ketinggian 15 m memberikan nilai korelasi paling kuat. Abstract Blast disease is a disease that attacks the leaves of rice plants. Blast disease attacks can affect chlorophyll and the health of rice plants. Leaf chlorophyll can be estimated using a SPAD chlorophyll meter to obtain the SPAD value. The vegetation index value has a strong relationship with chlorophyll. This study aims to obtain the relationship between SPAD value and Vegetation Index value in rice plants affected by blast disease using multispectral imagery and determine the level of correlation between SPAD value and Vegetation Index value in rice plants affected by blast disease using multispectral imagery. SPAD value sampling was carried out on 3 rice field plots, each plot was taken 5 points diagonally, and each point was taken 9 rice paddy clumps. Next, multispectral image acquisition using the DJI Phantom 4 Drone with multispectral cameras at altitudes of 15 m, 30 m, and 45 m. The image is then mosaiced using Agisoft Metashape, then normalized with Photoshop. Next, the vegetation index analysis of NDVI, CIG, and SAVI using QGIS 3.16, followed by regression analysis between the SPAD value and the vegetation index value. The results of the analysis showed that the three vegetation indices at various altitudes produced a linear relationship and the degree of correlation ranged from strong to very strong. Strong correlation rate on NDVI 45 m (65.4%), SAVI 45 m (63.1%), and very strong correlation on NDVI index 15 m (94.2%), 30 m (79.5%), CIG 15 m (80.5%), 30 m (84.8%), 45 m (82.5%), and SAVI 15 m (80.5%), 30 m (78%). It can be concluded that the NDVI vegetation index with a height of 15 m provides the strongest correlation value.
THE POTENTIAL OF Enhalus acoroides AS A BIOSTIMULANT TO ENHANCE MAIZE GROWTH AND DROUGHT TOLERANCE Pharmawati, Made; Wrasiati, Luh Putu; Wijaya, I Made Anom Sutrisna; Siddique, Kadambot.H.M.
BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 2 (2025): BIOTROPIA Vol. 32 No. 2 August 2025
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2025.32.2.2487

Abstract

HIGHLIGHTS- Biostimulant Potential of Enhalus acoroides- Positive Effects of E. acoroides on Maize Growth- Reduction in H2O2 (Oxidative Stress) by Enhalus acoroides extractABSTRACTDrought poses a significant challenge to crop productivity, with maize particularly vulnerable. Enhancing maize tolerance to drought stress is crucial, and one promising approach involves using biostimulants derived from natural sources. The seagrass Enhalus acoroides is a potential biostimulant due to its rich phytochemical composition, including phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and pigments such as chlorophyll, lutein, pheophytin, and beta-carotene. These compounds exhibit antioxidant activity, suggesting their potential role in enhancing plant resilience to drought stress. This study evaluated the effects of E. acoroides extract on maize growth under drought conditions during the seedling phase and analyzed biochemical changes in maize plants treated with the extract. The extract was prepared using 10% dried E. acoroides leaves with a chloroform-to-ethanol solvent ratio of 9:1 (v/v) and subsequently dissolved in distilled water for final concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, and 0.25%. The results demonstrated that E. acoroides extract enhanced plant height, increased shoot and root fresh and dry weights. Additionally, plants sprayed with E. acoroides extract exhibited higher total sugar and protein content in the shoots as compared to non-sprayed plants. Under 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress, control plants showed severe leaf wilting, whereas extract-treated plants only had mild wilting. The chlorophyll, reducing sugar, total N, and tocopherol contents were also higher in extract-treated plants under PEG stress than in untreated controls. These findings indicate the potential of E. acoroides extract as a biostimulant for improving drought tolerance in maize.
Co-Authors Adyaguhyatriko, Ida Bagus Ketut Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi Anak Agung Keswari Krisnandika Anak Agung Putu Agung Suryawan W Ananda Pradnyasuari Angelia Puji Lestari Anis Novita Sari Anton Anugrah Aprianus Yupan Dharma Mbalur Atmaja, N. Bawa Chiharu Hongo Devi Suharni Tamba Dewa Putu Yoga Gautama DWI PUTRA DARMAWAN Eisaku Tamura Elsafania Kristiani G.P. Ganda Putra Gede Andri Gede Teguh Sigmarawan Gusti Bagus Eka Chandra Harimurti, Gusti Bagus Dwi Anugrah Hervin Retno Pebrianto I Gede Ngurah Salpatira Widayana I GUSTI AGUNG AYU AMBARAWATI I Gusti Ayu Nadya Prasita Pasimpangan I Gusti Ketut Arya Arthawan I Gusti Ngurah Apriadi Aviantara I Gusti Putu Eka Permana I Kadek Wahyu Wiguna I Ketut Merta Atmaja I Ketut Satria Rahadi I Ketut Suter I Made Marta Supriawan I Made Nada I Made Prasetia Candra Andika I Made Wirawan Suputra I Muna Bhaskara I Nyoman Sucipta I Putu Gede Budisanjaya I Putu Mas Pradnyana Wibawa I Putu Riadi Handika I Putu Sukertayasa I Putu Surya Wirawan I Putu Yogi Krisnadi Rahardi I Wayan Aris Santika Putra I WAYAN BUDIASA I Wayan Tika I Wayan Widia I. A. G. Bintang Madrini Ida Ayu Dwi Giriantari Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja Ida Ayu Rina Pratiwi Pudja Ida Bagus Komang Edo Setiawan Ida Bagus Putu Gunadnya IPutu Gde Budisanjaya Kadek Agus Krisna Bayu KOMANG AYU NOCIANITRI Linda Puji Ayu Lestari Luh Putu Wrasiati Made Arya Bhaskara Putra MADE PHARMAWATI Made Praditiya Widyantara Made Ria Defiani Muhammad Azizi Rido Setiawan N. Bawa Atmaja Ni Kadek Sintya Resmiani Ni Ketut Rai Wulandari Ni Luh Putu Jullyantari Ni Luh Rani Sulasti Ni Luh Trimayanti Ni Made Wartini Ni Made Yusa Ni Nyoman Sulastri Ni Wayan Sedani Nirmalayani, Komang Puspha Nyoman Dhira Prayasa Pande Ketut Diah Kencana Pande Putu Indra Yoginugraha Poppy Diana Sari Prihandoni Widodo Putra, Gede Suyoga Ariasta Putra, I Putu Arya Patrama Khrisna Risa Panti Ariani Rukmi Sari Hartati Sadyasmara, Cokorda Anom Bayu Samur, Gregorius Adelbertus Siddique, Kadambot.H.M. Situmorang, Rosurya Sudiarta, I Made Sumiyati Sumiyati Sumiyati Sumiyati SUMIYATI SUMIYATI Viqtor Arya Nugraha Wahyu Octavianus Wahyuni Mawadatin Niklah Wayan Anik Wahyuni Widyalis Rani Tamara Wily Goldramijaya Yohanes Setiyo