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All Journal INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF LEGAL AND FORENSIC SCIENCES e-GIGI Dentika Dental Journal Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry Journal of Indonesian Dental Association Majalah Anestesia dan Critical Care JOURNAL LA MEDIHEALTICO Journal La Lifesci Indonesian Health Journal Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Elza Ibrahim Auerkari
Department Of Oral Biology, Faculty Of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Computer Science & IT Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Clinical Implications of Dental Injury Analysis in Forensic Odontology: A Review Article Khan, Muhammad S.; Suhartono, Antonius W.; Auerkari, Elza I.
e-GiGi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v13i1.54118

Abstract

Abstract: Dental trauma is a common occurrence in forensic investigations and may provide important clues about the amount of damages and when they occurred, both of which are vital in court cases. Forensic pathologists and dentists work hand in hand to assess and diagnose oral injuries accurately, which is crucial for those who are alive and those who have passed away. In order to guarantee accurate forensic results, the need of standardizing procedures used in dental trauma analysis, such as clinical and radiographic tests, and the need of thorough documentation are very crucial. The many kinds of dental injuries, their causes, and how forensic applications help to identify victims and piece together are very important to be discussed. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the importance of dental injury analysis, procedures and their implications in various cases within the scope of forensic odontology for efficient practice, highlighting the vital role of forensic odontology in medico-legal investigations via an in-depth review of the existing literature. Keywords: dental trauma; forensic odontologist; clinical examination; radiographic assessment; legal context
Pola Fraktur Kraniomaksilofasial Akibat Trauma Tumpul Terkait Identifikasi Forensik Meilana, Andi N. S. T.; Auerkari, Elza I.
e-GiGi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v13i1.54227

Abstract

Abstract: Blunt trauma has high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Traffic accidents, assaults or fights, falls, and accidents during sports are the leading cause of this trauma. The head and face areas are frequently the targets of blunt force attacks, and fatal cases are often attributed to trauma to these areas. The magnitude of the velocity and the surface area of ​​the blunt object will produce different oral craniofacial fracture patterns. This study aimed to obtain the pattern of craniomaxillofacial fracture patterns caused by blunt trauma and their relationship to various forensic cases. Craniomaxilofacial fractures divided into cranial, maxilofacial, and mandibular fractures are series of injuries resulting from blunt trauma that may present alone or in a combination of the three of them. This is due to the proximity of the anatomy of these three types of bones. Fracture patterns can be present around the trauma, and can also present far from the trauma area since the trauma will be directly transmitted to areas with lowest weak point. By knowing a fracture pattern, various forensic problems can be solved. Keywords: blunt trauma; fracture pattern; craniomaxillofacial fracture; forensic cases    Abstrak: Trauma tumpul memiliki tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitas yang cukup tinggi di dunia. Kecelakaan lalu lintas, perkelahian, Tindakan kekerasan, jatuh, serta kecelakaan saat berolahraga merupakan faktor-faktor utama penyebab jenis trauma ini. Area kepala dan wajah merupakan area yang paling sering menjadi target serangan benda tumpul, dan beberapa kasus fatal sering ditemukan akibat trauma pada daerah tersebut. Bentuk dan luas permukaan benda tumpul serta kecepatan hantaman akan menghasilkan pola fraktur kraniomaksilofasial yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pola fraktur kraniomaksilofasial akibat trauma tumpul dan hubungannya pada berbagai kasus forensik. Fraktur kraniomaksilofasial yang terbagi atas fraktur kranial, maksilofasial, dan mandibula merupakan serangkaian cedera akibat trauma tumpul yang dapat hadir sendiri ataupun kombinasi ketiganya. Hal ini dikarenakan kedekatan anatomi dari ketiga jenis tulang ini. Pola fraktur dapat hadir di sekitar trauma, dan juga dapat hadir jauh dari area trauma. Hal ini dikarenakan dampak dari trauma akan langsung diteruskan ke daerah yang memiliki titik lemah paling rendah. Dengan mengetahui suatu pola fraktur maka berbagai masalah forensik dapat terpecahkan seperti merekonstruksi suatu kejadian, identifikasi jenis senjata, serta membantu proses pengadilan. Kata kunci: trauma tumpul; pola fraktur; fraktur kraniomaksilofasial; kasus forensik
Estimation of Time of Death through Observation of Microbiota Changes in the Oral Cavity Oktaviana, Fahriza R.; Gultom, Ferry P.; Pasaribu, Roben S.; Auerkari, Elza I.
e-GiGi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): e-GiGi
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35790/eg.v13i1.54461

Abstract

Abstract: Various methods for estimating post-mortem (PMI) have been investigated such as rigor mortis, livor mortis, molecular, chemical, and forensic entomology (insect) methods. However, these methods have weaknesses, therefore researchers are looking for more accurate methods in determining the time of death of a person. Molecular methods are unreliable due to the degradation of DNA, RNA, and proteins in corpses over time. In different parts of the body, the amount of diversity of microbes will be different. The oral cavity is the most abundant microbial area among other parts of the body due to its continuous exposure to the respiratory and digestive systems. This area has great potential in estimating time intervals of death because of its ease of access and the types of microbiomes that predominate at any given time. Therefore, this narrative review was conducted to describe studies that used oral microbiota communities to estimate post-mortem intervals. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes are the dominant microbial types found in corpses. Firmicutes became one of the dominant bacterial phyla in the early stages of decomposition. Actinobacteria were found to decrease as PMI increased. Studies have shown that the oral microbiome has excellent potential as a parameter to determine the post-mortem interval. However, further research is needed with more complex environmental conditions such as different humidity and temperature. In addition, further research requires more samples of human remains to obtain more valid results. Keywords: oral microbiome; post-mortem interval; human identification; forensic odontology
Co-Authors Andi Izham Antonius Winoto Suhartono, Antonius Winoto Astrid Dinda Hutabarat Auerkari, Pertti Benny M. Soegiharto Benso Sulijaya, Benso Christopher Talbot Dewi Nurul Mustaqimah Dewi Nurul Mustaqimah Eko Prastyo Fadli Jazaldi Ferry P. Gultom, Ferry P. Firdaus, Riyadh Gultom, Ferry Pergamus Januarrifianto, Desy Kaurow, Farah P. Kaurow, Farah Primadani Ken Sekar Langit Khan, Muhammad S. Khan, Muhammad Salman Kiranahayu, Rarasih Latief, Benny Sjariefsjah Lies Zubardiah Lies Zubardiah Meilana, Andi N. S. T. Meilana, Andi Nur Sakina Tri Mindya Yuniastuti Mustaqimah Dewi Nurul Mustaqimah Dewi Nurul Niniarty Zeiroeddin Djamal Noertami Soedarsono Nurtami Soedarsono Oktaviana, Fahriza R. Oktavinda Safitry Pasaribu, Roben S. Pasaribu, Roben Suhadi Pattihahuan, Ira Zefanya Rijaldi, Ferdy Rusmaputeri, Fadhilah Salman Khan, Muhammad Sandi, Indah Maydila Sari, Fitri Ambar Satriyo, Juanda Sri Lelyati C Masulili Suhartono, A. Winoto Suhartono, Antonius W. Sulistyani, Lilies Dwi Tienneke Riana Septiwidyati Yatma, Debby Yudy, Yudy Yunus, Aditia Dedek Zevrianty, Dieci