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Effectiveness of Nanobubble Technology with Gas Variations in Improving the Quality of Vetiver Wastewater and River Water Yusuf, Asep; Nurrachman, Mochamad Anfasa; Nanda, Muhammad Achirul; Asdak, Chay
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) Vol. 14 No. 4 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : The University of Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jtepl.v14i4.1489-1495

Abstract

Improving the quality of wastewater and river water is a critical priority for environmental conservation. Vetiver root wastewater and water from the Citepus River in the Cikamiri sub-watershed, Garut Regency, have the potential to cause pollution that affects water quality and local ecosystems. This study evaluated different gases (air, oxygen, and ozone) during the application of nanobubble technology to improve the quality of vetiver root wastewater and Citepus River water in the Cikamiri sub-watershed. Parameters measured were DO, pH, and TDS before and during 15-minute nanobubble treatment. Results showed that oxygen and ozone gases significantly increased DO content of the wastewater and river water. In addition, ozone gas improved pH in river water, and decreased TDS most effectively with ozone. It was concluded that nanobubble technology has potential for enhancing wastewater treatment and river conservation.
Design and Fabrication of a Microcontroller-Based Automatic LED Grow Light Array System for Leafy Vegetables in Indoor Vertical Hydroponic Nanda, Muhammad Achirul; Saukat, Muhammad; Amaru, Kharistya; Dwiratna, Sophia; Cahyono, Muchamad Ricky Wibo
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 13 No. 4 (2025): Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.013.4.559-575

Abstract

Indoor vertical hydroponic systems require precise and energy-efficient lighting to support optimal growth of leafy vegetables. This study presents the design and fabrication of a microcontroller-based automatic LED grow light system tailored for indoor hydroponics. A tailored LED grow light is necessary because each crop responds uniquely to light quality and intensity, and a customized spectrum ensures optimal growth while minimizing energy use. The system integrates a red–green–blue LED configuration (70:10:20%) with an ESP32 microcontroller, real-time clock (RTC), BH1750 light sensor, keypad interface, and LCD. The lighting cycle was programmed for 12 hours per day and tested continuously over two days. The system demonstrated accurate scheduling, with LED activation at 06:00 and deactivation at 18:00 and a timing deviation of only 1–2 seconds. During operation, the system maintained a stable photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 260–275 µmol/m²/s, producing an estimated daily light integral (DLI) of about 12 mol/m²/day, which is suitable for leafy vegetable production. Light distribution analysis using cubic interpolation showed that increasing the lamp height from 20 cm to 30 cm improved spatial uniformity, with the most uniform distribution achieved at 30 cm despite a slight reduction in intensity. The system consumed 2.65 kWh per day, covering four LED arrays and the control module. Overall, the proposed system offers a reliable, programmable, and energy-efficient lighting solution for indoor hydroponic environments, supporting sustainable crop production through precise scheduling and an optimized spectral configuration.